Using language

and reading in

workbook

汉语方言分布图

1. China is a very big country where

different dialects are spoken. Can

you list some of them?

2. Is there anybody who can speak a

dialect from other place?

Pre-reading

standard 标准 , 规格dialect 方言southern 南部的midwestern 中西部的Spanish 西班牙的

New words

play a part 扮演一个角色 eastern 东部的 northwestern 西北方的 recognize 辨认出 , 认出

1.Why are there so many dialects in the US?

Because people have come from all over

the world. Geography also plays a part in

making dialects.

It’s believed to be the English spoken on

TV and the radio.

2.What’s the standard English?

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

3.Can you tell an interesting or funny

story that shows great difference

between dialects in Chinese/English?

Example: keys or kiss

One friend of mine was giving an Eng

lish lesson to a class of adults who had r

ecently come to live in the United States.

After placing quite a number of everyda

y objects on a table he asked various me

mbers of the class to give him the ruler,

the book, the pen

and so on. The class went very smoothly,

and the students seemed interested and

serious about the work that they were e

ngaged in until my friend turned to an I

talian and said, “Give me the keys.”The

man looked surprised and somewhat at

a loss( 有点手足无措 ). Seeing this, my f

riend thought that

the student hadn’t heard him clearly, s

o he repeated, “Give me the keys.” The

Italian shrugged( 耸肩 ) his shoulders.

Then, he threw his arms around the te

acher’s neck and kissed him on both ch

eeks.

1.What is standard English?

什么是标准英语 ?

standard (n.) 标准 , 规格 (adj.) 标准的

meet standard 符合标准 standard of living 生活水平 on a standard 根据某一标准

Language points

The mountains are not high____

world standard.

A. by B. at C. to D. on

2. Believe it or not, there’s no such a

thing as standard English.

信不信由你 , 世界上没有所谓的标准英语。

believe it or not 信不信由你 Believe it or not, all the people present

have agreed to the plan.

3. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员讲极好的英语。 这是一个主从复合句。主句是 This is, 从句是由 because 引导的表语从句 : those were expected to speak excellent English. 在表语从句中又含有一个由 who 引导的定语从句，修饰表语从句的主语 those 。

当一个句子的主语为 this, that 或 it 时， 可以用 because 引导表语从句。如：That is because he doesn’t like coffee. 那是因为他不喜欢咖啡。It may be because the exam was too difficult. 那或许是因为考试太难了。

4. However, on TV and the radio you wi

ll hear differences in the way people spe

ak.

然而 , 甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。 the way 后面接定语从句时 , 关系代词用 that/in which 或不用关系代词。 I did it in the way that/in which you ta

ught me.

I don’t like___ you speak to her.

A. the way

B. the way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

5. America English has many dialects, es

pecially the midwestern, southern, Afric

an American and Spanish dialects.

美国英语有很多方言 , 尤其是在中西部 , 南部 , 黑人和西班牙方言。

especially 尤其 , 表达事物不寻常或 特别重要 specially 专门 ( 指专为某一目的 )

Our garden is beautiful, __________

in autumn.

I came here ________to see you.

especially

specially

African a. 非洲的In the new African countries the governments are trying to provide education for adults.n. 非洲人 Fish is a staple in the diet of many Africans.

Spanish a. 西班牙的 a Spanish dancen. 西班牙语 Do you speak Spanish?

6. Geography also plays a part in making

dialects.

地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。 play a (adj.) part

扮演…角色 , 起…作用 She play a leading part in the play.

7.Although many America move a lot,

they still recognize each other’s dialects.

虽然许多美国人经常搬家 , 但他们仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。 recognize 辨认 , 认出 (pick out)

recognize sth./sb. as sth./sb.

把…认作… Drugs were not recognized as a proble

m then.

Activity 1 不同学生用家乡方言说出同一句话，体会不同地区的方言；

Activity 2 学生说出他们知道或者听过的方言；

Activity 3 学生讨论以下问题：Why does the government encourage us

to speak Putonghua?

The Oxford English Dictionary

Reading task on P51

How it began

1857: The Philological Society of

London calls for a new English

Dictionary

More work than they thought

1884: Five years into a proposed ten-

year project

The Oxford English Dictionary 的历史

One step at a time

1884-1928: The Dictionary is published

in fascicles

Keeping it current

1933-1986: Supplements to the OED

Making it modern

1980s: The Supplements are integrated

with the OED to produce its Second

Edition

Into the electronic age

1992: The first CD-ROM version of

the OED is published

The future has begun

The present: The OED is now being

fully revised, with new material

published in parts online

Do you know who is the writer of

The Oxford English Dictionary?

James Murray, Samuel Johnson,

and Noah Webster.

Samuel Johnson (1709-84) Noah Webster

James A. H. Murray

hard working,

intelligent,

determined, etc

Note on James Murray’s life

Country

Education

Job

Scotland

No formal education,taught himself while working

Worked in a bank before beginning to compile the OED

Note on James Murray’s life

Most important task

compiling the first edition of th

e OED

Its difficulties:

1 worded in a shed in his garden

and behind his house

2 very cold as it was one metre u

nderground

Note on James Murray’s life

Most important task

3 no heating; he had to

wear a coat and put his feet

in a box to keep warm

4 no electric light; he

worked at night with

candles

Note on James Murray’s life

Most important task

Qualities needed:

1 commitment

2 perseverance

3 accuracy

Who worked on the

it

Date of completion

Other information

At first just James Murray; later his two daughters; finished by others editors after his death

1928

First edition took forty-four years to compile

I. 根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。1. His work does not reach the _________ ( 标准 ).2. Do you speak Sichuan _____ ( 方言 )? 3. I’ve been studying ______ ( 西班牙语 ) for three months. 4. Though he is young, he can speak e_______ English.5. L_______ always comes before thunder.6. We can’t get there by bus, so we have to use the s_____.

standard

dialectSpanish

excellentLightning

subway

II. 请用方框内词组的适当形式填空。 believe it or not; be expected to; by underground; pay attention to; play an important part; in the way1. Some people don’t like to go to work ______________. 2. The headmaster ___________________ in the good running of a school. 3. ______________, he is really a foreigner.4. You will ___________ work on Saturdays.5. Please ______________ the difference between the two words.

pay attention to

by undergroundplays an important part

Believe it or notbe expected to

1. Review the words and language points

we have learnt in this unit.

2. Translation

(1) 他们已经请求国际援助。(2) 带着有礼貌的微笑 , 她走了出去。(3) 他出去工作了半年 , 因为有病没能结束 工作就回来了。(4) 他喜欢发号施令 , 但没有人愿意听他的。

Homework