Unit 1 Great scientists

Unit 1 Great scientistsUnit 1 Great scientists

Senior 2 English Group

What happened?What happened?


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 严重急性呼吸道综合症


Is it terrifying?Is it terrifying?

Now please talk with your neighours: What did you do facing SARS? How abou

t others? And what should be done?


DisinfectionDisinfection


Hygiene(Hygiene( 卫生保健卫生保健 ))


MaskMask


Who can help us?Who can help us?


Heroes-- ScientistHeroes-- Scientist


Do you know other scientists?Do you know other scientists?

Try your best. And discuss with your neighbours. The more, the better.

The following is a quiz and let’s find out who knows the most.


Quiz 1Quiz 1

Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?


ArchimedesArchimedes Ancient Greek (287-212BC) He was a mathematician. He

found that if you put an object into water, the water pushes the object up. It rises and partly floats. The force of the water pushing it up is the same as the weight of the object.

buoyancy


Quiz 2Quiz 2

Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?


Charles DarwinCharles Darwin

Britain (1808-1882) The Origin of Species


Quiz 3Quiz 3

Who invented the first steam engine?


Thomas NewcomenThomas Newcomen

British (1663-1729)


Quiz 4Quiz 4

Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?


Gregor MendelGregor Mendel

Czech (1822-1884)


Quiz 5Quiz 5

Who discovered radium?


Marie CurieMarie Curie

Polish and French (1867-1934)


Quiz 6Quiz 6

Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?


Thomas EdisonThomas Edison

American (1847-1931)


Quiz 7Quiz 7

Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?


Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci

Italian (1452-1519)


Quiz 8Quiz 8

Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?


Sir Humphry DavySir Humphry Davy

British (1778-1829)


Quiz 9Quiz 9

Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?


Zhang HengZhang Heng

Chinese (78-139)


Quiz 10Quiz 10

Who put forward a theory about black holes?


Stephen HawkingStephen Hawking

British (1942-)


Is SARS terrifying?Is SARS terrifying?

Cumulative number of cases all over the world - 8096

774 of which died Case fatality ratio (%) 9.4

http://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/index.html


Are there more terrifying infectious Are there more terrifying infectious diseases?diseases?


There is a disease!There is a disease!Periods Area Cumulative number of ca

ses

1826—1837 Europe millions of

1840—1862 World millions of

1863-1875 World thousands of millions of

1892—1899

1923—1925

World thousands of millions of

1921 India 500,000

1924 India 500,000


That’s cholera!That’s cholera!

Who helped the people to defeat cholera?


John SnowJohn Snow

British ( 1813~ 1858) a legendary( 传说中

的 ) figure in the history of public health, epidemiology （流行病学） and anesthesiology （麻醉学）


Now, please think:Now, please think:

How did he help ordinary people exposed to cholera?


Scientific ReportScientific Report

Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific idea in scientific research? Can you list some stages?

Discuss in small group.


StagesStages

Draw a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make up a question Find a problem Analyse the results Repeat if necessary


Read Read John Snow Defeats “King ChoJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”lera” on Page 2, and put the stages i on Page 2, and put the stages i

n a right order.n a right order.

Draw a conclusion Think of a method

Collect results Make up a question

Find a problem Analyse the results

Repeat if necessary


Paragraphs & StagesParagraphs & Stages

P.

Stages in an experiment Example

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Find a problem

Make up a question

Think of a method

Collect results

Analyse the results

Repeat if necessary

Draw a conclusion

What cause cholera?

Which theory is true?

Collect data…

Plot information…

Analyse the water

Find other evidence

The water is …


SkimmingSkimming

What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.

B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water.

C. The source of all drinking water should be examined.

D. How did John Snow collect, analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it .


Read and answer:Read and answer:

Paragraph 1: True or false:

King Cholera is the deadly disease.John Snow thought cholera would never be controlled.

What’s the topic sentence?

F

F

John Snow wanted to use his knowledge to help solve this problem.


Paragraph 2Paragraph 2

What’s the two theories? In your words. Which one is more reasonable?



What’s his method?

What’s the result?

Collect data from the next cholera attack to test theories. Try to prove which method was correct.

He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water.



When the cause was found, what did the people do ？

Remove the handle from the water pum so it could not be used.



What ‘s the extra evidence?

Why could the polluted water carry the disease?

Two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.

Because cholera was spread by germs and germs can be carried by the polluted water.



What are John Snow’s suggestions?

The source of all water supplies should be examined.

New methods of dealing with polluted water should be found.

The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.


How did John Snow finally defeat Cholera?

As the disease spread quickly, ______ ____

___________________He marked on a ma

p where all the dead people had lived, ___

________________and found out _______

__________ was the cause. Then he sugg

ested that the source of all drinking water

______________

John began to gather information:

analyze all evidencesthe polluted water

must be examined.


What disease is similar to cholera?What disease is similar to cholera?

Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?

SARS and AIDS. They are both very serious, have unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.

Unit 1 Great scientists

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