Unit 1 Advertising

Grammar and Usage(1)

Teaching goals ：

1) To identify the differences between Direct and Reported Speech.2) To learn the important grammatical rules about how to change the direct speech into reported speech.

Teaching goals ：

1) To identify the differences between Direct and Reported Speech.2) To learn the important grammatical rules about how to change the direct speech into reported speech.

Step1 Lead-in:

Finish and master the following contents:直接引语 : 直接引用别人的 , 并在其前后加 .

(direct speech)间接引语 : 用自己的话 别人的话，一般间接引

语以 从句或动词不定式短语的形式出现。 (reported speech)

请判断下列句子是直接引语还是间接引语：He said, ‘This film is quite interesting.’ （ ）2. She said China had been using PSAs to educ

ate people. ( )

话 引号

转达

宾语

Step 2 Self-study

参考基础训练 P22 《语法突破》完成 Task1 Part A and B

【 Part B 】Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech.1. ‘I haven’t brought my dictionary,’ the student said._______________________________________2. Tom said to them, ‘ I will get excited.’Tom told them that _________________________________3.My father told me that he was reading the book.My father said to me, _________________________.4John said that he was going to see his grandparents with his father. John said , _______________________________________.

The student said that he hadn’t brought his dictionary

He would get excited

“I’m reading the book.”

“I am going to see my grandparents with my father.”

Step 3 Group workStep 3 Group work【 Part D 】 Change the sentences of Direct and Rep

orted Speech one to the other.1.‘I will come and see you this evening, Tom.’ he sai

d.He told Tom that ______________________________

____________2. ‘I will come here again next month,’ she said. ____

________________________3.The doctor said to the patient, ‘You will have to wai

t till 3 pm tomorrow.’The doctor told the patient ______________________

_______________4.Peter said, ‘ I’m occupied today.’ _______________

____________________

he would go and see him that evening.

she said that she would go there again the next month.

He would have to wait till 3.p,m. tomorrow.

Peter said that he was occupied that day.

Step 4 Explanation

Besides the major changes in

sentence structure, there are also

changes in:

• Personal pronouns

• Tenses

• Adverbials of time and place

• Other cases

Personal pronouns:

She said, ‘I did some research.’

She said that she had done some

research.

Ann said, ‘I have finished this letter.’

Ann said that she had finished that

letter.

Direct speech Reported speech

Simple present Simple past

Simple future Future in the past

Simple past Past perfect

How to change the tenses:

Direct speech Reported speech

Present continuous Past continuous

Present perfect Past perfect

Past perfect Past perfect

‘Light travels at a great speed,’ said Ms

Li.

Ms Li said that light travels at a great

speed.

Tips:

We do not change the tense when we

report a proverb or a fact that doesn’t

change over time.

e.g. My teacher told me that practice

makes perfect.

The teacher said that light travels

faster than sound.

Adverbials of time and place:

e.g. Tom said, ‘I am working here

today.’

Tom said he was working there

that day.

The following table shows other examples:

Direct

speech

Reported speech

today

tomorrow

yesterday

next month

a week ago

that day/yesterday, etc.

the next day/the following day, etc.

the day before/ the previous day, etc.

the month after/the following month

a week before/ a week earlier, etc.

Other cases:

Some more examples of the

changes:Direct speech Reported

speech

this

these

come

that

those

go

Step 5 summaryStep 5 summaryTask 2: 单项选择Father told his son that the sun _______ in the eas

t and _______ in the west.A. rises; sets B. rose; set C. rises; set

D. rose; sets2.Tom said he _____ English at the moment.A.studies B. teaches C. taught D. was studying3.He said his bike ______ stolen and he _______ h

ave to ring the police.A. has; would B. has ; will C. has been; will

D. had been; would

C

D

D

Step 6 TestComplete the following letterDear Mr Fan Yesterday I came across an interesting new book,

which I would like to recommend here. It is an adventure story called voyage to an Amazing Kingdom. The publisher said that the novel(1) _______ written by a 17-year-old boy.

The publisher also said that readers(2) _______ amazed by the writer’s unique way of thinking and skillful writing. According to the publisher, readers do seem to be interested in this new novel. One reader said that he(3) ________ the book twice(4)_______week and that he (5)________never forget the fantastic story.

was would be

had read that

would

Another reader said that she (6)______ another two copies (7)________afternoon and that she (8)_______give (9)_______books to 10)______friends.

I believe voyage to an Amazing Kingdom would be a good choice for senior high students. As the writer is approximately the same age as our students, I think that they will understand him and his book easily. I’m sure that they are going to like the book very much .The book is cheap. It only costs ￥ 10. I recommend that we purchase 10 copies for the library.

Wang Yilin

had bought

thatwould those her

Homework:

List the difficult language points on your notebook.

Unit 1 Advertising

Grammar and Usage(2)

Teaching goals ：

To help Ss properly use reported speech in statements( 陈述句 ),questions, and imperative sentences （祈使句） .

Look at the following sentences:

Tom: What are you going to do this

summer holiday?

Amy: I am going to travel to Beijing

with my parents.

Step1 Lead-in

Now try to answer:

What did Amy say?

Amy said that she was going to

travel to Beijing with her

parents.

Step 2 Self-study

参考基础训练 P22 《语法突破》完成 Task1 Part A and B

Part A Change the following sentences into direct speech.

Tom suggested that we should translate the book into English.

Tom said,___________________________________2.The student explained that he really didn’t know h

e had to finish the work a week before.The student said,_____________________________

____3 ． The teacher promised that he would give his st

udents a few holidays at the end of that month.The teacher said,_____________________________

___________

“we should translate the book into English ”

“I really don’t know I have to finish the work a week ago.”

“I will give my students a few holidays at the end of this month.”

PartB: Change the following sentences into reported speech.1.‘Are all ads playing tricks on us?’ I asked her.I asked her ________________________________.2. My mother asked me, ‘Do you want to go to the Great Wall with me?’My mother asked me _______________________________________.3.‘Have you ever been to Tibet?’ asked he.He asked me ______________________________.4.“Are you going to your home town this summer ?” he said. He asked me ___________________________________________.

if all ads were playing tricks on us.

if I wanted to go to the great wall with her.

if I had ever been to Tibet.

if I was going to my home town that summer.

Step 3 Group workStep 3 Group workPart C 1 ．“ Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?’

Bill asked.Bill asked ______________________________.2. The teacher asked the boy, ‘How many pages hav

e you read today?’The teacher asked the boy _____________________________________.3. I asked Li Ying, ‘ Where and when were you born?’I asked Li Ying______________________________.4.Mother asked,” What has happened to you, Davi

d?” Mother asked David

________________________________.

where I found the ads for jobs abroad.

how many pages he had read that day.

where and when she was born.

what had happened to him .

Step 4 Explanation

Reported speech: statements, questions and imperative

sentences

1. Statements• We use noun clauses introduced by that

to report statements. The word that can

be omitted.

e.g. She said (that) advertisements were

almost everywhere nowadays.

There are more reporting verbs other

than say and tell:

advise explain insist promise

announce suggest warn

e.g. The write explained that PSAs were

often run for free.

2. Questions:

We use noun clauses introduced by

whether/if to report yes/no questions.

e.g. Matt asked Ann, ‘Does Jason deserve

this ward?’

Matt asked Ann whether/if Jason

deserved this award.

We use noun clauses introduced by wh-

words to report wh-questions.

e.g. ‘Where did you find the advertisem

ents

for jobs abroad?’ Bill asked.

Bill asked where I had found the

advertisements for jobs abroad.

3. Imperative sentences• To report imperative sentences, we can

use the structure: reporting verb + object

+(not) + to infinitive

e.g. The candidate said to the manager,

‘Please give me five minutes for

preparation.’

The candidate asked the manager to

give him five minutes for preparation.

• There are other verbs that can be used

in this structure to report imperative

sentences:

advise encourage invite recommend warn

e.g. ‘Don't believe every advertisement

you read,’ Michelle said to me.

Michelle advised me not to believe

every advertisement I read.

Part DChange the sentences into reported speech .1.‘Don’t believe every ad you read,’ Lily said to me.Lily advised me

_____________________________________.The teacher said to me, ‘Don’t forget to learn the

dialogue by heart.’The teacher reminded me

_____________________________________.My brother said, ‘ Come here at once.’ My brother ordered me ____________________.4. My father said to us, ‘Don’t throw the waste

paper everywhere.’My father warned us

_________________________________________.

not to believe every ad I read.

not to forget to learn the dialogue by heart.

to go there at once.

not to throw the waste paper everywhere.

Step 5 summaryStep 5 summary

1. 如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的 时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一 般过去时不必变为过去完成时。e.g. He said, ‘The great inventor was b

orn in 1884.’ He told me that the great inventor

was born in 1884.

2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间 接引语时用 whether/if 引导，且用陈述 句语序。e.g. She asked me,‘ Are you the happiest

person in your family?’

She asked me whether/if I was the ha

ppiest person in my family.

3. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接 引语时，仍用该特殊疑问词，用陈述句 语序。e.g. She asked me, ‘When will the

advertisements be on air?’

She asked me when the advertisements

would be on air.

4. 转述祈使句时，我们使用该结构 : 转述 动词 (ask/ tell/ order/ advise/ remind/

warn/ insist/ suggest/ invite/

encourage… ) + 宾语 + (not) to do

e.g. ‘Go and see a doctor after class,’ my

teacher said to me.

My teacher advised me to go and see

a doctor after class.

Step 6 TestTask 2: 填空完成间接引语，每空一词。 1. “Don't forget to give the message to my wife,” he said to Li

Ping. He _______Li Ping _______ _______ forget to give the messa

ge to _______wife. 2. “Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said. He ______ his mother ______ help_______find _______ shirt. 3. “Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to t

he guard. The officer _______ the guard _______ _______ _______knife

to cut the boots open. 4. “Don't spend too much time on football!” Mother said to m

e. Mother _______ me _______ _______ _______too much time

on football.

told not tohis

asked to him his

Order to use his

Told not to spend

5. “Will you sleep and get up early, children?” Father said. Father ________ the children ______ _______ and _______ up early. 6.“Why did you come so late?” Mr Smith asked me. Mr Smith wanted to know _______ _______ _______ ______ so late.7. Xiao Li said to me, “I joined the Party in 1980.” Xiao Li _______ me that ________ ________ the Party in 1980.

advised to sleep get

why I had gone

told he joined

8. “Can I make you a cup of coffee?” she asked. She asked _____ ______ _______ ______ ______ a cup of coffee.9. Mike said, “I’m starting the work the day after tomorrow.” Mike said _____ ______ _____ _____ the work ____ _____ _____ ______.10. “ Is this book yours or his?” the teacher asked. The teacher asked ________ _______ _______ was _______ or his.

if she could make me

that he was starting after the next day

whether that book yours

1. recommend vt. 推荐；建议、忠告常用结构：• recommend sth. to sb.

= recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物• recommend doing sth. 建议做某事• recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

Language PointsLanguage Points

recommend that … 接宾语从句用虚拟语气， should 可以省略 　e.g. They recommend Tom to do the job.

他们推荐汤姆去做那份工作。 The doctor recommend that she (sho

uld) stay another week in hospital.

医生建议她再留院查看一星期。

2. remind v. 提醒，使想起常用结构：remind sb. of … 提醒某人某事…… 使某人想起……e.g. The film remind him of his happy

childhood.

这部电影使他想起他快乐的童年。

• remind sb. to do sth. 　 提醒某人去做某事e.g. Remind me to phone Alan before

I go out.

提醒我出去之前给艾伦打电话。

Exercises

Read Part A on page 11 and practise

reporting questions using whether/

if or wh-words.

Answers:

2. Wang Qin ________________________

__________________________________.

3. Lu Kai ___________________________

__________________________________.

asked how it could help him remember English words.

asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking

4. Liu Fang _________________________

_________________________________.

5. Gu Jin ___________________________

asked what the designer would

do if she was not satisfied with the software

asked whether/if it was easy to use

Read the advertising tips on page 11 and Read the advertising tips on page 11 and

report each of them to your boss.report each of them to your boss.

Answers:Answers:

2. The expert 2. The expert encourages encourages us tous to

_________________________________._________________________________.

3. The expert 3. The expert recommendsrecommends that that

________________________________.________________________________.

use interesting and attractive photos

we (should) use eye-catching logos

4. The expert 4. The expert suggestssuggests that __________ that __________

______________________________.______________________________.

5. The expert 5. The expert tellstells us to _____________ us to _____________

______________________________.______________________________.

we (should) makewe (should) make

the slogans short and easy to rememberthe slogans short and easy to remember

make good use of make good use of

colours to attract people’s attentioncolours to attract people’s attention

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. My classmate asked me ______.

A. had I seen the film three days ago

B. had I seen the film three days before

C. if I had seen the film three days ago

D. whether I had seen the film three

days before

2. He asked me ______ with me.

A.what the matter is

B. what the matter was

C. what is the matter

D. what was the matter

3. My friend really didn’t know _____ to

help the dying boy.

A. what he could do B. how could he do

C. whether he can do D. what can he did

4. Shelly asked Andy _____ water the

flowers while she was away.

A. didn’t forget to B. don’t forget to

C. not to forget to D. not forget to

5. She exclaimed ( 惊呼 ) ______.

A. what a difficult task it was

B. what it was a difficult task

C. what difficult task it was

D. what task it was difficult

将下列直接引语改为间接引语。Mother said to her little daughter,

‘The earth is not flat but round.’

Mother told her little daughter (tha

t) the earth is not flat but round.

2. He asked, ‘How are you getting along

with your studies these days, Mary

and Jane?’

He asked Mary and Jane how they

were getting along with their studies

those days.

3. “Alice, you feed the baby,” Mother said.

Mother asked Alice to feed the baby.

4. “Let’s have a rest,” our teacher said.

Our teacher suggested (that) we have a

rest.

5. “Don’t make this kind of foolish mistake

again,” she said to me.

She told / warned me not to make that

kind of foolish mistake again.

Homework

• To do Part C2 on page 92 of

the workbook.

• To preview the project.