TUGAS AKHIR DASAR PROGRAM PERANCANGAN …eprints.ums.ac.id/59035/4/HALAMAN DEPAN.pdf · berisi...
Transcript of TUGAS AKHIR DASAR PROGRAM PERANCANGAN …eprints.ums.ac.id/59035/4/HALAMAN DEPAN.pdf · berisi...
I
1
TUGAS AKHIR
DASAR PROGRAM PERANCANGAN PERENCANAAN
ARSITEKTUR (DP3A)
SOLO CREATIVE CENTER
Dengan Pendekatan Kontekstual Lingkungan
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Persyaratan Guna Mencapai Derajat S-1
Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Disusun Oleh :
JIHAD ALFA JUNDA
D300130083
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
2017
iv
KATA PENGANTAR
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Bismillahirrahmannirrahiim
Syukur Alhamdulillah penulis panjatkan atas kehadiran Allah
Shubhanallah Wa Ta’ala atas segala Cinta, Rahmat, Kasih-Sayang dan nikmatNya
berupa nikmat kesehatan, nikmat kekuatan dan nikmat iman kepada penulis
sehingga dapat melaksanakan dan menyelesaikan tugas Studio Konsep
Perancangan Arsitektur (SKPA) dengan lancar. Shalawat dan salam semoga
dilimpahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa ‘Ala Alihi Wa
Sallam atas Nabi pembawa Rahmat yang selalu kita nantikan syafaatnya di
yaumil qiyyamah serta pengikutnya hingga akhir zaman.
Studio Konsep Perancangan Arsitektur (SKPA) merupakan mata kuliah
terakhir dan wajib di semester 8 yang merupakan bagian dari Tugas Akhir (TA)
berisi mengenai sebuah dasar-dasar perancangan konsep arsitektur yang nantinya
dijadikan pedoman dalam pembuatan Tugas Akhir. Mata kuliah tersebut menjadi
salah satu persyaratan untuk menempuh mata kuliah selanjutnya yaitu mata kuliah
Tugas Akhir serta menjadi mata kuliah yang harus ditempuh semua mahasiswa
dalam rangka menyelesaikan pendidikan kesarjanaan Strata I (S1).
Dalam mengerjakan dan menyelesaikan laporan ini, penulis banyak
dibantu oleh berbagai pihak terkait. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan banyak
terima kasih kepada:
1. Kedua Orang Tua Tercinta Ibunda dan Ayahanda yang telah memberikan
curahan kasih sayang dan dukungan kepada penulis baik material maupun
spiritual sehingga penulis dapat melaksanakan Studio Konsep Perancangan
Arsitektur (SKPA) dan Tugas Akhir (TA) dengan lancar.
2. Ibu Dr. Ir. Widyastuti Nurjayanti MT., selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik
Arsitektur Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
3. Ibu Ronim Azzizah ST., MT., selaku Dosen Pembimbing Akademik
Program Studi Teknik Arsitektur Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
vi
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1
1.1 Pengertian Judul............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Latarbelakang ................................................................................................ 2
1.2.1 Gambaran Umum Kota Solo ..................................................................... 2
1.2.2 Budaya Kota Solo ...................................................................................... 2
1.3 Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 5
1.4 Tujuan dan Sasaran ......................................................................................... 5
1.4.1 Tujuan ........................................................................................................ 5
1.4.2 Sasaran ....................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Batasan dan Lingkup Pembahasan ................................................................. 6
1.6 Metode Pembahasan ....................................................................................... 6
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................... 6
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .............................................................................. 8
2.1 Sejarah Creative Center ................................................................................ 8
2.2 Pengertian Creative Center.......................................................................... 10
2.3 Tujuan Pembangunan Solo Creative Center ................................................ 16
2.4 Kebutuhan Ruang Solo Creative Center ..................................................... 17
2.5 Gaya Arsitektur ............................................................................................ 19
2.6 Kajian Studi Banding ................................................................................... 22
2.6.1 Bandung Creative center ......................................................................... 22
vii
2.6.2 Thailand Creative & Desain Center ........................................................ 23
BAB III 24
GAMBARAN UMUM LOKASI DAN GAMBARAN UMUM PERENCANAAN24
3.1 KOTA SURAKARTA ................................................................................. 24
3.1.1 Letak Geografis dan Akministrasi ........................................................... 24
3.1.2 Iklim ........................................................................................................ 25
3.1.2Tata Ruang ............................................................................................... 25
3.2 Pemilihan Tapak .......................................................................................... 26
3.3 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Pertama............................................................... 27
3.2.1 Batasan Site ............................................................................................. 29
3.2.2 Peraturan Rencana Tata Ruang Kota ....................................................... 29
3.2.3 Penduduk ................................................................................................. 30
3.2.4 Aksesibilitas ............................................................................................ 31
3.4 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Kedua ................................................................. 32
3.4.1 Batasan Site ............................................................................................. 34
3.4.2 Peraturan Rencana Tata Ruang Kota ....................................................... 34
3.4.3 Penduduk ................................................................................................. 35
3.4.4 Aksesibilitas ............................................................................................ 36
3.5 GAGASAN PERANCANGAN .................................................................... 37
3.5.1 Diskripsi .................................................................................................. 37
3.5.2 Fungsi ...................................................................................................... 38
3.5.3 Sasaran ..................................................................................................... 38
BAB IV ANALISIS PENDEKATAN DAN KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN
PERANCANGAN ................................................................................................. 39
4.1 ANALISA DAN KONSEP MAKRO .......................................................... 39
4.1.1 Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi Site ............................................................... 39
viii
4.1.2 Tapak Terpilih ........................................................................................ 42
4.1.3 Kondisi Eksisting Lokasi Terpilih .......................................................... 43
4.1.3 Luasan dan Batasan Tapak ..................................................................... 44
4.1.4 Analisa Pencapaian ................................................................................. 45
4.1.5 Analisa Sirkulasi ..................................................................................... 46
4.1.6 Analisa Angin ......................................................................................... 47
4.1.7 Analisa Kebisingan ................................................................................. 49
4.1.8 Analisa View ........................................................................................... 51
4.1.9 Analisa Matahari .................................................................................... 52
4.1.10 Zoning .................................................................................................. 53
4.2 Analisa dan Konsep Ruang .......................................................................... 54
4.2.1 Kebutuhan Ruang ................................................................................... 54
4.2.2 Perhitungan Besaran Ruang ................................................................... 59
4.2.3 Pola Hubungan Ruang ............................................................................ 70
4.3 Konsep Gaya Arsitektur .............................................................................. 71
4.3.1 Massa dan Ide Bentuk ............................................................................ 71
4.3.2 Ide Bentuk .............................................................................................. 73
4.3.2 Penerapan Konsep Kontekstual Lingkungan ......................................... 77
4.3.3 Analisa Struktur ...................................................................................... 79
4.3.4 Analisa Utilitas ..................................................................................... 82
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................ 86
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Batik khas Solo................................................................................... 3
Gambar 1.2 Fistival Tari khas Solo ........................................................................ 4
Gambar 1.3 Bamboo Beannale ............................................................................... 4
Gambar 2.1.1 Thailand Creative & Desaign Center .............................................. 8
Gambar 2.1.2 Thailand Creative & Desaign Center .............................................. 9
Gambar 2.1.3 Bandung Creative Center ............................................................... 10
Gambar 2.2.1 Pertunjukan wayang orang ............................................................. 12
Gambar 2.2.2 Pertunjukan wayang kulit ............................................................... 12
Gambar 2.2.3 Tarian Bedhaya ketapang ............................................................... 13
Gambar 2.2.4 Lukisan Herri soedjarwanto ........................................................... 14
Gambar 2.2.5 5 Hasil Foto Darwis Triadi ............................................................. 14
Gambar 2.2.6 Fistival Bamboo Biennale 2016 ..................................................... 15
Gambar 2.2.7 Batik Khas Solo .............................................................................. 15
Gambar 2.5.1 Musium Paris.................................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.5.2 Perpus Universitas Indonesia ......................................................... 22
Gambar 2.6.1 Bandung Creative Center ............................................................... 23
Gambar 2.6.2 Thailand Creative &Desain Center................................................ 23
Gambar 3.1.1 Peta Kota Solo ................................................................................ 24
Gambar 3.3.1 Peta Kota Solo ................................................................................ 28
Gambar 3.3.2 Lokasi pertama ............................................................................... 28
Gambar 3.3.3 Batasan Site .................................................................................... 29
Gambar 3.4.1 Peta Kota Solo ................................................................................ 33
Gambar 3.4.2 Lokasi Kedua.................................................................................. 33
Gambar 3.4.3 Batasan Site .................................................................................... 34
Gambar 4.1.1 Lokasi Terpilih ............................................................................... 43
Gambar 4.1.2 Lokasi terpilih ................................................................................ 43
Gambar 4.1.3 Kondisi Eksisting ........................................................................... 44
Gambar 4.1.4 Batasan-Batasan Lokasi terpilih ..................................................... 44
Gambar 4.1.5 Analisa Pencapaian ........................................................................ 45
Gambar 4.1.6 Analisa Sirkulasi ............................................................................ 46
x
Gambar 4.1.7 Analisa Angin ................................................................................. 47
Gambar 4.1.8 Analisa Angin ................................................................................. 47
Gambar 4.1.9 Analisa Pencapaian ........................................................................ 49
Gambar 4.1.10 Penempatan Ruang Publik ........................................................... 50
Gambar 4.1.11 Analisa Pencapaian ...................................................................... 51
Gambar 4.1.12 Analisa Matahari .......................................................................... 52
Gambar 4.1.13 Konsep Vegetasi ........................................................................... 53
Gambar 4.1.14 Konsep Shading............................................................................ 53
Gambar 4.1.15 Analisa Pencapaian ...................................................................... 54
Gambar 4.3.1 Interior Wayang.............................................................................. 78
Gambar 4.3.2 Interior Batik .................................................................................. 78
Gambar 4.3.3 Shading Batik ................................................................................. 79
Gambar 4.3.4 Exterior bamboo ............................................................................. 79
Gambar 4.3.5 Pondasi Tiang Pancang .................................................................. 80
Gambar 4.3.6 Pondasi footplat .............................................................................. 80
Gambar 4.3.7 Struktur Beton Bertulang ............................................................... 81
Gambar 4.3.8 Pondasi Tiang Pancang .................................................................. 82
Gambar 4.3.9 Skema Distribuso air Bersih ........................................................... 82
Gambar 4.3.10 Skema distribusi air kotor ............................................................ 83
Gambar 3.11 Pencahayaan alami dan buatan ........................................................ 83
Gambar 4.3.12 Penghawaan alami dan buatan ..................................................... 84
Gambar 4.3.13 Skema Distribusi Listrik............................................................... 84
Gambar 4.3.14 Skema Distribusi air di System kebakaran ................................... 85
Gambar 4.3.15 Sollar cell dan pemanfaatan air hujan .......................................... 85
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Table 2.4.1 Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................................... 17
Table 2.4.2 Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................................... 18
Table 3.3.1 RTRW Kecamatan Banjarsai ............................................................. 30
Table 3.3.2 Data Kependudukan Banjarsai ........................................................... 31
Table 3.4.1 RTRW Kecamatan Banjarsari ............................................................ 35
Table 3.4.2 Data Kependudukan Kecamatan Banjarsari ...................................... 36
Table 4.1.1 Penilaian lokasi .................................................................................. 40
Table 4.1.2 Bobot Kriteria Pemilihan ................................................................... 42
Table 4.1.3 Analisa Angin .................................................................................... 48
Table 4.1.4 Analisa Kebisingan ............................................................................ 49
Table 4.2.1 Kelompok Kegiatan ........................................................................... 55
Table 4.2.2 Kebutuhan Ruang Peragaan Center ................................................... 59
Table 4.2.3 Kebutuhan Ruang Perpustakaan ........................................................ 60
Table 4.2.4 Kebutuhan Auditorium ...................................................................... 61
Table 4.2.5 Kebutuhan Ruang Teater ................................................................... 61
Table 4.2.6 Kebutuhan Ruang Peragaan Center ................................................... 62
Table 4.2.7 Kebutuhan Ruang Galeri Seni Visual ................................................ 62
Table 4.2.8 Kebutuhan Ruang Galeri Seni Atraksi ............................................... 63
Table 4.2.9 Kebutuhan Ruang Kantor sewa.......................................................... 64
Table 4.2.10 Kebutuhan Ruang Exibition Center ................................................. 64
Table 4.2.11 Kebutuhan Ruang Foodcourt ........................................................... 65
Table 4.2.12 Kebutuhan Ruang Souvenir Shop .................................................... 65
Table 4.2.13 Kebutuhan Ruang Pemimpin & Devisi ............................................ 66
Table 4.2.14 Kebutuhan Ruang Comment Center ................................................ 66
Table 4.2.15 Kebutuhan Ruang Mushola .............................................................. 67
Table 4.2.16 Kebutuhan Ruang Ruang Servis ...................................................... 67
Table 4.2.17 Kebutuhan Ruang Levatory ............................................................. 68
Table 4.2.18 Jumlah Kebutuhan Ruang ................................................................ 69
Table 4.3.1 Material Exterior ................................................................................ 74
xii
Table 4.3.2 Material Interior ................................................................................. 75
Table 4.3.3 Pemilihan Lanscpae ........................................................................... 76
xiii
ABSTRAK
Kota Surakarta atau biasa disebut Kota Solo yang terletak di jawa tengah.
Kota Solo merupakan kota yang menjadi pusat kebudayaan serta pusat kerajaan
pada jaman dahulu. Dampak dari kerajaan yang ada di solo yaitu banyaknya
budaya yang diwariskan dan dijaga hingga sekarang dan juga kesenian-
kesenianya.
Solo Creative Center merupakan wadah yang diharapkan dapat menjadi
pusat para pengkrajin, seniman ataupun masyarakat sekitar solo untuk belajar
mengenai kreativitas yang ada di kota solo. Potensi local yang dimiliki solo cukup
memadai dari kesenian tari yang di lestarikan dari jaman kerajaan, seni wayang
yang juga berasal dari kerajaan ataupun fotografi dan lukisan yang berkembang
pesat dimasa modern ini. Solo Creative Center juga diharapkan menjadi pusat
rekresi yang educative dan menarik untuk mengunjunginya.
ABSTRAK
Surakarta city or commonly called Solo City which is located in central java. The
city of Solo is a city that became the center of culture and the center of the
kingdom in antiquity. The impact of the kingdom that exist in the solo is the
number of cultures that are inherited and maintained until now and also the arts.
Solo Creative Center is a container that is expected to be the center of
the craftsmen, artists or communities around the solo to learn about the creativity
that is in the city solo. The local potential of solo is quite adequate from the dance
art that is preserved from the era of the kingdom, the art of wayang that also
comes from the kingdom or photography and painting is growing rapidly in this
modern era. Solo Creative Center is also expected to be an educative and
interesting receptive center to visit it.