Trin khai GIS TP.HCM: Sc thi mi ca ci cch hnh chnh 17/01/2006 Ni mt cch nm na th gii php GIS l cch t hng lot lp thng tin ln bn a l, khi click chut vo, ngi ta c th c bn phn b cy xanh trn a bn; tm c h thng cc con ng v tng con hm, c s liu chiu rng, chiu di. Hoc n cho php ngi dn ca mt qun no ly bin nhn ra, qut mt ci ln my soi m vch c th bit h s ca mnh xong hay ang b ngm khc no Dn gim st cn b Ch Nguyn Th Lan ly tp h s nh t ca mnh, lc hai t bin nhn v bt u soi ci gc trn bn tri ca tng t bin nhn ln my qut m vch t trong phng tip nhn v tr h s ti UBND qun Bnh Thnh, TPHCM. Ln lt, thng tin v hai b h s nh t ca ch hin ln my tnh. B th nht: h s chuyn n ph phng, ch k. B th hai: t th l ang x l h s. Ct hai t giy vo ba s mi nha, ch Lan gii thch: Vy l ci chuyn n ph phng, ch k l sp xong ri . C ci my ny, dn ti tui c th bit ai ang ngm h s ca mnh. Thc t, t trc ngy c vic cng khai thng tin bng ci my qut m vch ny, cc cn b tip nhn v x l h s ca qun Bnh Thnh cng x l h s ng thi gian quy nh. Nhng vic dn c cng b thng tin tng tn nh vy l cha tng c v gip cho c quan nh nc c thm mt h thng gim st rt tch cc: ngi dn. H thng t ng tr li cung cp thng tin v tnh trng h s ng k kinh doanh, h s cp php lnh vc vn ha, h s nh t, cp php xy dng Hin nay S Bu chnh - Vin thng BCVT TPHCM vn hnh c h thng tr li t ng cp thnh ph, lin thng gia qun 1, qun Bnh Thnh, S K hoch - u t vi UBND TPHCM v nhng n v mi trin khai. Nu khng mun phi i ln qun tra cu, ngi dn cng c th gi in thoi, nhn tin n s 1900545444 hoc vo website ca s http://www.ict-hcm.gov.vn. Trong thng 1 ny chng ti s kt ni thm 3 - 4 qun na, l nhng n v chy th thnh cng chng trnh ny ng Nguyn Anh Tun, Trng phng Nghin cu ng dng, S BCVT cho bit. Vic lin thng cc c quan nh nc li thnh mt ca v cung cp thng tin cho dn nh ni trn ch mi ang c thc hin ti TPHCM. Tuy nhin, theo ng Tun, GIS cn rt nhiu ng dng s trin khai cho cc qun huyn trong thnh ph. Bn nhiu lp l vic ng dng GIS t thng tin ln bn a l, lm cho n tr thnh nhng ch dn c cp nht thng tin thng xuyn. Mi mt loi thng tin khc nhau hnh thnh mt lp bn ring, c th chia thnh hng trm lp bn nh bn ng, bn hm, bn nh, bn h thng thot nc iu c bit nhng lp bn ny l thng tin c nh km trn bn . V nh lp bn nh th trn cc ngi nh phi km theo thng tin din tch, nh my tng, ai l ch s hu h thng tr li t ng, khi ngi dn nhp m vch hay gi in thoi, nhn tin tc l gi yu cu cung cp thng tin trong ci lp x l h s. V h thng ny phi lun cp nht thng tin mi v tnh trng x l h s, cung cp thng tin cng khai v chnh xc cho dn. Hin nay vic ng dng GIS c trin khai rt mnh nhiu n v hnh chnh ti TP.HCM. Bn a l ca qun 1, qun Bnh Thnh, qun Ph Nhun, qun 5, qun 11 c xy dng

thnh nhng ch dn a l nhiu lp: lp nh, lp cy xanh, lp bn quy hoch t Theo yu cu trc mt ca cc qun huyn, phc v cho vic qun l hnh chnh, cp giy php cho dn chng ti tin hnh xy dng nhng lp thng tin cn thit nht trc. Mc tiu l phi xy dng c tht nhiu lp thng tin v lin thng gia cc n v vi nhau, c th cho ra i nhng lp thng tin chi tit, nh bm vo mt ngi nh th c th bit c nh hin c nhng ngi no ang sinh sng, lm vic u, bao nhiu tui - ng Tun h hi ni v bc pht trin ca k hoch Chnh ph in t ang c trin khai. ng b Theo k hoch, nm 2006 chng ti hon thnh giai on 1 h thng mt ca cung cp thng tin ti TP.HCM. Tt c ng dng ti cc qun huyn phi m bo kt ni thng tin vi h thng tr li t ng ca TP. Chng ti s trin khai ng dng CNTT, xy dng h thng u khp cc qun huyn, s, ngnh, kt ni vi nhau qua mng truyn dn tc cao, cung cp cc dch v tt nht cho ngi dn, gip c quan nh nc x l thng tin nhanh v chnh xc. Lnh o c th theo di thng tin y v kp thi trn mng - Gim c S BCVT TPHCM L Mnh H cho bit. Nm 2005, TPHCM c s pht trin vt bc trong ng dng CNTT, m theo ng H l thc hin c mt s bc trong giai on 2, giai on 3 ca k hoch Chnh ph in t quc gia, ch khng ch dng giai on 1. Pht huy nhng th mnh , ng dng thnh cng ti cc n v i u nh qun 1, qun Bnh Thnh l tin cho vic nhn rng ra cc a bn cn li. Cc lp bn gip cho c quan qun l nh nc c thng tin y , h thng v d truy cp hn, c th x l h s cho dn nhanh hn. n mt mc khc: khi c quan nh nc ch cn nhp s mt cn nh bt k vo l c y cc thng tin v ch s hu, din tch, h thng cp thot nc, in thoi, h s xy dng th ci cch hnh chnh TPHCM thc s mang sc thi mi: trn tng, di t, thng thong v mau l. Trong thng 3 nm 2011, y ban phng chng AIDS TP.H Ch Minh phi hp vi S Khoa hc v Cng ngh Thnh ph t chc cc lp tp hun ng dng h thng thng tin a l (GIS) trong nghin cu Y t. 90 cn b y t t mt s Vin, S, Trung tm ca Thnh ph H Ch Minh, t 24 Trung tm Y t d phng qun huyn v Trung tm Y t d phng 7 tnh pha Nam tham gia tp hun. GIS (Geographic Information System) l mt cng c my tnh lp bn v phn tch cc s vt, hin tng thc trn tri t. Ngnh y t ng dng GIS trong vic xy dng c s d liu kt hp vi bn nn gip pht hin dch bnh bng pht, qun l cc chng trnh phng chng dch bnh v nh gi hiu qu ca cc chng trnh. D kin trong nm 2011, Thnh ph H Ch Minh s xy dng bn nn v c s d liu v hot ng phng chng dch bnh ti TP, h tr mt s tnh pha Nam ng dng h thng GIS. Kinh ph tp hun v trin khai GIS do d n CDC (Trung tm kim sot dch bnh Hoa K) h tr.

TP.HCM: ng dng GIS trong vn chuyn cht thi

Mi y, ti hi tho ng dng cng ngh thng tin (CNTT) trong qun l cht thi do S Ti nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM (S TN&MT) t chc. Thc s Lu nh Hip - PG Trung tm GIS, HBK trnh by m hnh vic ng dng CNTT a l (GIS) trong vn chuyn cht thi, c bit l CTNH ti TP.HCM. Cn thit v hiu qu Trn thc t, hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn cht thi, trong c vic vn chuyn bn hm cu cha tht s nghim tc. Cc phng tin ny hoc di chuyn vo nhng khu vc khng c php hoc ngang nhin cht thi xung knh rch, cng, khu vc trng lm nh hng nghim trng n mi trng v iu kin sng ca ngi dn. V vy, theo Thc s Lu nh Hip, vic ng dng CNTT a l (GIS) trong hot ng vn chuyn cht thi l cn thit. Nh n cng tc qun l cng nh theo di cc phng tin vn chuyn cht thi, CTNH s t c hiu qu. Mt mt, gip cho cc nh qun l c ci nhn trc quan hn nh vo vic xc nh v tr, l trnh di chuyn ca phng tin vn chuyn CTNH c trn mn hnh my tnh ti trung tm. Mt khc, gip vic tm kim thng tin lin quan n cc phng tin vn chuyn CTNH, vic ra quyt nh c chnh xc, nhanh chng nh vo vic thng tin v phng tin vn chuyn CTNH (khi lng v thnh phn CTNH trn xe) c lu tr ti my ch ca S TN&MT.

M hnh ca h thng GIS. C th, cc phng tin vn chuyn c lp t thit b nh v v tinh GPS, mt s cm bin c lin quan. D liu v v tr phng tin v thng tin h tr c truyn v trung tm thng qua mng v tuyn GSM s dng k thut GPRS, ng thi c lu tr ti trung tm. Ti trung tm gim st s c phn mm theo di qu trnh di chuyn, dng ca phng tin. Song song vi vic lu tr d liu ti datalogger, cc d liu ny cng c truyn v h thng my ch ca nh cung cp GSM/GPRS, thng qua dch v GPRS ca nh cung cp di ng. My ch lu tr d liu s c kt ni vo mng Internet vi mt a ch IP tnh nhn d liu t my ch ca nh cung cp GSM/GPRS. Vic hin th d liu trn nn bn thnh ph s c thc hin ti bt k mt my tnh no c kt ni Internet. My tnh gim st phng tin s c cung cp

user v m ng nhp nhn d liu t my ch lu tr d liu. Chc nng ca phn mm qun l phng tin c thc hin ti my tnh gim st phng tin theo m hnh client server hoc thng qua mt trang web. Cc yu cu v cng ngh H thng ny c xy dng theo m hnh su thnh phn bao gm: phn cng, phn mm, d liu, quy trnh, t chc v nhn lc. n c hiu qu s dng tt th cn t cc yu cu: m bo kt ni gia cc n v tham gia qun l phng tin mt cch linh hot. Phn mm gim st phi c tnh n nh, tin cy cao, d vn hnh v s dng, giao din thn thin vi ngi s dng, h tr pht trin cc ng dng. Ph hp vi c cu t chc, trnh nhn lc, phi trin khai c trn nn h tng CNTT hin c ca thnh ph. Phn mm gim st c pht trin trn h thng GIS... Trong , d liu l thnh phn c bn v nhn lc l yu t quyt nh s thnh cng ca h thng. V d liu bao gm d liu nn v d liu chuyn . D liu nn c th k tha t ngun d liu nn hin c ca S TN&MT hoc t ngun Google Map. D liu chuyn s k tha t cc d n/ ti c thc hin trc y thng qua vic thu thp, chuyn i nh dng d liu theo nh dng. V nhn lc, cn thit phi o to chuyn giao vic ng dng h thng phc v cng tc qun l, gii quyt nghip v ca cn b. xut, kin ngh Theo Thc s Lu nh Hip, im ni bt ca m hnh l phn tch, thit k m hnh h thng phc v qun l phng tin vn chuyn cht thi trn c s ng dng cng ngh tch hp GPS/GIS. Sau su thng th nghim trn cc phng tin vn chuyn CTNH ca Cng ty Tn Pht Ti v phng tin vn chuyn bn hm cu ca Cng ty Mi trng th th thy c tin cy cao, m bo an ton, an ninh d liu. V tnh hiu qu, s gp phn hin i ha cng tc qun l mi trng ca S; thay th cng tc qun l d liu v ngun thi, ch x l v phng tin theo phng php truyn thng; gip quy trnh nghip v nhanh v chnh xc hn, tit kim thi gian, chi ph, nhn lc T s cn thit ny, nhm thc hin ti xin c kin ngh: UBND TP.HCM, cc b ngnh cho php trin khai kt qu ti phc v cng tc qun l trong thi gian sm nht; ng thi h tr kinh ph lp t thit b GPS (chim phn ln kinh ph ca d n) trn cc phng tin vn chuyn bn hm cu. Vic ng k thu bao s dng GPRS nn giao cho Cng ty Ha Bnh (ch x l) ng k, thu ph s dng dch v v ng tin thu bao cho nh cung cp dch v (nhm m bo duy tr hot ng ca h thng GPRS v p ng yu cu qun l thu bao ca B Thng tin v Truyn thng). Tip tc o to i ng cn b ca cc n v trc thuc S h c th s dng cc sn phm ca ti v kh nng xut, pht trin cc ng dng GIS, GPS trong ngnh ti nguyn v mi trng.

TP.HCM ang trin khai h thng thng tin (HTTT) qun l h tng vin thng (VT) trn nn GIS v hon thnh h thng qun l cc trm thu pht sng (BTS). ng Bi Vit Dng, Ph phng BCVT, S TTTT TP.HCM cho bit S s chuyn giao vic qun l BTS cho cc qun, huyn theo phn cp. T cng vic TP.HCM hin c khong 15 triu thu bao in thoi di ng (hn 10% so vi ton quc, khong 130 triu thu bao di ng). H thng cc trm thu pht sng TP.HCM dy v gia tng theo tng ca s thu bao. C nc hin c khong 45.000 trm BTS, TP.HCM c trn 4.600 trm, chim hn 10% trong khi din tch t nhin ca TP.HCM cha c 1% so vi c nc. Trc y, h thng thng tin di ng ch dng cng ngh 2G, nay, c thm 3G, tng lai, TP.HCM cng cn nhiu trm BTS hn. T y, xut hin nhu cu qun l sao cho cc nh mng c th s dng chung h tng cng nh ti u s trm BTS trn a bn. trin khai 1 trm BTS, nh mng thng c 2 cch: xy dng thp ct nh mt cng trnh c lp (loi 1) v g lp trn cng trnh sn c (loi 2), ph bin hn c l lm cc trm ngay trn nc nhng ngi nh kin c trong dn. Vic xy lp cc trm BTS vn l cc cng trnh khng kin c thng gp tr ngi do vng quy nh quy hoch th v hay b ngi dn khiu kin. S TTTT TP.HCM l n v xem xt chp thun a im lp t trm BTS ph hp vi s pht trin h tng VT. Vic cp php xy dng trm BTS do c quan qun l th ti cc qun, huyn thc hin sau khi xem xt s ph hp vi quy hoch kin trc ca TP.HCM. Khi chp thun a im lp t BTS, S TTTT TP.HCM yu cu cc doanh nghip (DN) cam kt chia s v cho cc n v khc dng chung h thng ct anten nu iu kin cho php (cng h thng cung cp in, ng truyn dn, cao tr anten...). Gii php qun l cc trm BTS v HTTT QLHTVT ni chung nh ca TP.HCM c th p dng cc tnh thnh khc, ch cn cc a phng cng c h thng nn GIS hon chnh trin khai, ng Bi Vit Dng. Cc trm BTS 3G (node B) c c tnh thng minh v uyn chuyn hn cc trm 2G nn c th t iu chnh vng ph sng v tc truy cp ca thu bao ty thuc vo s lng thu bao v nhu cu s dng trong thi gian thc. Do vy, hin nay, khi s lng ngi s dng 3G v nhu cu truyn ti d liu cha bng n, cc nh mng thng tn dng cc trm BTS hin hu lp t thm thit b v anten cho dch v 3G. Ti TP.HCM, nhiu trm BTS xut hin thm 2 hoc 3 tng anten cung cp ng thi dch v 2G v 3G. Tuy nhin sau ny, khi s ngi s dng 3G tng ln, cc nh mng s c nhu cu lp t thm nhiu trm BTS 3G mi phc v nhu cu ngi s dng, ng

Dng cho bit. Vic cp php xy dng BTS do c quan qun l th thc hin v xem xt cp php cho tng trm ring l. Tuy nhin, do c tnh l cng trnh tm, lp ghp tho d nhanh chng cng nh c thit k thng nht nn S TTTT ang kin ngh UBND TP.HCM xem xt v ch o cc c quan lin quan trin khai cp php 1 ln nhiu trm h tr DN trin khai h tng nhanh v thun tin hn cho cng tc QLNN. V d, c th cp php c gi nhiu trm BTS theo k hoch

ca cc nh mng trong c nm. Cn c vo c tnh v ti u ha mng li, cc nh mng c th d tnh trc s trm BTS cn xy lp cng nh v tr tng ng theo ta GPS. Cn c vo thng tin ny, c quan qun l nh nc (QLNN) s xem xt, yu cu cc nh mng s dng chung v tr, ct anten lp t cc trm BTS c v tr gn nhau. ... n cng c Trong QLNN h thng BTS TP.HCM, vic hng dn cc DN s dng chung h tng c thc hin trong khi cha c quy nh bt buc v vic ny, cn cc nh mng th lo gi h tng cho ring mnh Trn c s d liu nn tch hp HTTT a l (GIS) c TP.HCM trin khai rng khp cc qun, huyn, Phng Bu chnh - VT pht trin lp qun l BTS, mt phn ca HTTT qun l VT TP.HCM. H thng qun l BTS cp nhp t ng t cc bn ng k xy dng trm BTS do nh mng thc hin v cp nht. HTTT qun l h tng VT TP.HCM (Giai on 1) thc cht l phn mm (PM) ng dng GIS qun l v cung cp thng tin v h tng VT nh trm BTS, i l Internet, bu cc, bu in vn ha x trn a bn... Vi lp qun l BTS, PM cung cp cho ngi qun l cc thng tin nh: a ch lp t; Ch a im; n v s hu; Loi BTS (loi 1, 2); Tnh hnh cp php xy dng, s giy php; Tnh hnh kim nh, s giy php kim nh, thi gian ht hn kim nh; Cc thng tin khc Ngi qun l gim st, cp nht cc thng tin theo phn quyn. V d, DN cp nht trm BTS mi; qun/huyn cp nht cp php xy dng trm BTS Khi nhn 1 n xin cp php, cn c vo ta xin xy mi trm BTS, s dng PM, ngi qun l c th qut quanh to mt khu vc c bn knh XYZ mt (thng c th l 200 mt) bit s lng trm BTS. Cn c trn c quan QLNN xt duyt, khuyn co DN dng chung h tng vi trm BTS ca DN khc PM hin th bo co v cc lp theo cp a gii hnh chnh v n v s hu; Theo thi gian, c so snh gia cc khong thi gian theo lp; Th hin s trm BTS ang hot ng trn a gii; Cc trm BTS khng giy php kim nh; Cc trm BTS khng giy php xy dng Tng cp hnh chnh c phn quyn truy cp t xa qua web xem thng tin lin quan ti lp h tng VT trong a gii c trong PM. DN cng xem c cc lp h tng ca mnh trn tng a bn.

Sau h thng qun l trm BTS, trong HTTT qun l h tng VT s c thm h thng qun l cc i l Internet v bu cc, i l bu in. Lp i l Internet c: a ch, ch i l v s my ca i l; S giy php kinh doanh; S hp ng i l; Thi gian ht hiu lc ca hp ng i l; i l ca ISP no; i l c s dng PM qun l Internet khng; Cc thng tin v qu trnh hot ng. Lp bu cc c: a ch i l; Ch i l; S lng my ca i l; S giy php kinh doanh; S hp ng i l; i l bu cc ca DN no. Sau khi hon thnh HTTT qun l h tng VT (giai on 1), S TTTT s phi hp vi cc DN ng dng GIS qun l cc h tng VT phc tp hn nh: h thng cng trnh ngm VT (hm, cng, b, mng k thut; h thng mng ngoi vi vi cc tuyn trc chnh).

BAO GI MI RA NG RA KHOAI ? Bn mun tm tht nhanh mt ni cp cu TP.HCM? Bn mun tm cc tuyn v trm xe but trn ton thnh ph? Ni no c cng thot nc, ni no l h thng nc cp, h thng in, in thoi...? Tt c iu ny u c th tr li thng qua d n ng dng h thng thng tin a l (GIS), nhm cung cp v phc v rng ri ngi dn trn mng Internet cc thng tin thit yu nht ca i sng th. Th nhng hn mt nm tri qua, d n gn nh vn cn gim chn ti ch... Chm tr do u?

D n u t Trung tm Thng tin a l TP.HCM c ph duyt v khi ng t thng 12004. D n ny gm hai gi thu: mua sm trang thit b v cc phn mm c bn; xy dng trang web v cc phn mm ng dng. Ngun tin t Trung tm Thng tin a l TP.HCM (S Khoa hc - cng ngh TP) cho bit gi thu th nht hon tt vi chi ph mua sm phn cng l 1,343 t ng. S tin ny dng mua my ch d liu, my ch web ni b, my trm ha, h thng lu tr SAN v mt s thit b mng. D n cng trin khai mua mt s phn mm c gi tr ln nh phn mm GIS chnh, phn mm GIS WEB, h iu hnh v phn mm chng virus vi tng kinh ph 1,339 t ng. Nhng hn mt nm tri qua, cc trang thit b v phn mm u t hu nh cha c khai thc tng xng vi gi tr m d n c th mang li. Trn h thng, d c a bn a hnh v bn qui hoch lu tr, nhng c th ni cha phc v g cho cng ng v cng tc qun l nh nc bng cng c GIS. V sao nh vy? Lnh o Trung tm GIS TP.HCM l gii do thi gian hot ng mi hn mt nm, li c nhiu bt n trong qun l u t v nhiu l do chm tr khc... nn cha th nh gi mt cch chnh xc tnh ng n v hiu qu u t cho Trung tm GIS thnh ph.

Ch v... ch n bao gi? Theo Trung tm GIS TP.HCM, n nay trung tm ny ch mi tip nhn v lu tr mt s d liu nh bn Beta bn a hnh TP.HCM, bn qui hoch giai on mt, bn a chnh TP.HCM (cha y ). Ngoi ra, Trung tm GIS cng ch mi bt u th nghim tch hp d liu ti mt qun v chuyn i d liu t dng CAD sang d liu dng GIS. Trong khi c th cung cp thng tin cn thit cho lnh o, cc s ngnh v cc qun huyn th d liu phi c tch hp thnh nhng c s d liu chun, ri mi c th chia s cho nhng n v c nhu cu, phc v nhiu mc ch khc nhau, k c phc v cng ng. Th nhng d n tch hp d liu hin ang b ng bng, cha c trin khai v cn phi ch d liu t cc ni gi v. Cn bao gi gi d liu v trung tm tch hp th cha ai dm tr li. y cng l mt trong nhng l do khin cc trang thit b u t mua sm nhng cha c khai thc hiu qu. Gii chuyn mn trong lnh vc GIS cng khuyn co nu cc d n khng tin hnh tng th, ng b th khng th tr thnh mt h thng, khng th tch hp v chia s d liu (thng tin) gia cc chuyn ngnh hay gia cc qun, huyn... Chnh Trung tm GIS TP.HCM cng nu quan im thnh ph nn cho ngng ngay vic trin khai ng dng GIS mt cch phn tn. Chnh Trung tm GIS TP.HCM cng cnh bo nhng nguy c tht bi c th dn n ca cc d n ng dng GIS. Theo , trung tm ny cho rng mt bng trnh cng ngh thng tin, c bit l GIS cc s - ngnh v qun - huyn cn rt thp, c ni cn trng... Nu c u t, nhng sau khng c ngi vn hnh, khai thc th hiu qu u t s rt thp. Mt vn tim n nguy c tht bi cao hn na l khi u t, cc ch u t thng chn hng d nht l mua sm trang thit b gii ngn trc. Nhng cc ch u t khng ngh rng sau mt hoc hai nm, khi cc c s d liu (thng tin) hon chnh, lc cc thit b c th lc hu hoc khng cn p ng yu cu ca h thng. y l iu c th gy nhng lng ph ln trong u t. Trung tm GIS TP.HCM kin ngh thnh ph cn qui nh mt l trnh r rng khi trin khai cc d n ng dng GIS, c th l xy dng c s d liu (tc hon chnh cc thng tin), xy dng phn mm ng dng, o to con ngi bit vn hnh v khai thc h thng trc khi mua sm phn cng...

ng dng gps v gis trong qun l hot ng xe but Vi vic ng dng cng ngh tch hp GPS v GIS, cng tc iu hnh v qun l vn ti hnh khch cng cng s c ci tin theo hng tit kim kinh ph, tn dng ngun nhn lc v trang thit b sn c, bo m chia s thng tin v pht trin ng b...

Trung tm Qun l v iu hnh vn ti hnh khch cng cng TP.HCM ang qun l 300 xe but trn 100 tuyn ng, thc hin vn chuyn hn 15.000 chuyn xe mi ngy. Trung tm c i kim tra trn tuyn, nhn vin iu hnh cc bn u v cui (khong 300 ngi) gim st hot ng ca ti x v tip vin : kim tra ti x chy ng biu thi gian, l trnh, trm dng , kim tra cng vic bn v, kim v ca tip vin Hng ngy, thng tin v s chuyn ca tng xe trn tuyn, tng s xe trn tuyn, s lng hnh khch (v lt, v tp, v thng, min v) c thu thp v x l theo quy trnh th hin s bn di. D thy rng, phng php qun l hin ti c th c nhng im bt cp nh thng tin v hot ng ca xe but, tnh hnh vn chuyn hnh khch ch da vo thng tin do cc nhn vin thu thp v do vy, ph thuc nhiu vo tnh khch quan ca nhn vin tc nghip. T , cha th gim st y khc phc cc khuyt im : xe chy khng ng l trnh, thng gp, khng bt my lnh, khng x v Bn cnh , h thng thng tin lin lc gia ti x v trung tm iu hnh ( trung tm iu phi, thay i hot ng ca xe cc tnh hung khn cp ; ti x bo co v trung tm tnh hnh lu thng, cc s c bt cht trn ng) vn cha c trin khai trong cch qun l ny. Tin s L Vn Trung, i hc Bch khoa TP.HCM, xut gii php ng dng cng ngh tch hp h thng nh v ton cu (GPS) v h thng thng tin a l (GIS) phc v cng tc quy hoch v qun l xe but. GIS hin c xy dng hon chnh Vit Nam vi kh nng lu tr, truy cp, x l phn tch v cung cp thng tin cn thit ng dng trong nhiu lnh vc nh qun l cng trnh cng cng, dch v, ng Trung cho bit. p dng, mi xe but s c gn mt module di ng gm nhiu thnh phn : thit b cm bin thu thp d liu, thit b hin th cung cp thng tin hoc cnh bo, thit b bo tin khn cp v b tp trung d liu (data logger) giao tip vi trung tm iu hnh. Cc thit b nh v v cm bin s t ng thu thp thng tin v lu tr b nh. B iu khin tp trung d liu s truy xut b nh khi nhn cc yu cu t trung tm iu hnh gi d liu thu thp v trung tm, hoc hin th thng tin cho hnh khch, hoc gi cnh bo n ti x Module di ng m nhn cc chc nng : - Cung cp thng tin v v tr xe, tc di chuyn, tnh trng hot ng ca ti x v tnh hnh v hnh khch... khi nhn c yu cu t trung tm iu hnh. Thng tin ny c phn lm hai nhm: nh v xe but (s dng thit b thu GPS xc nh ta v tr, tc di chuyn, hng di chuyn ca xe but theo thi gian thc) v xc nh trng thi vn ti ca xe (thng tin t cc thit b cm bin v tc di chuyn, tnh trng ng m ca xe, hot ng ca my lnh...). - Cung cp cho hnh khch thng tin v l trnh di chuyn ca xe but, cc trm dng v bn , gi v, ti x v nhn vin phc v trn xe... Thng tin ny s c hin th ti cc bng in t t nh ch xe but. - Gi tn hiu khn cp v trung tm iu hnh trong trng hp xy ra s c. Thit b cm bin qun l thng tin c yu cu v - Nhn thn ti x, tip vin - Xe vi phm tc - Xe b chuyn, b trm, chy sai l trnh - Tnh trng ng m ca xe - Cc trng hp xe thng gp - Tnh hnh s dng my lnh trn xe bo m chc nng gim st v iu hnh h thng xe but hot ng theo thi gian thc, h

thng thng tin qun l xe but c xy dng trn c s tch hp cng ngh GPS v GIS sao cho thng tin v tnh trng hot ng ca xe but c phn tch v hin th trc quan, cc d liu c kim tra v lu tr nhanh, chnh xc nhm p ng cc yu cu qun l sau : - Cho php hin th v tr cc xe but trc quan trn nn bn s. - To cc bo co v trng hp vi phm ca xe but. - Cnh bo ti x xe but tc thi trong trng hp c sai phm. - Cung cp thng tin phc v hnh khch xe but. Trung tm iu hnh Ti y, c s d liu GIS c t chc, lu tr v qun l trong h qun tr c s d liu bao gm cc thnh phn khng gian v thuc tnh ca cc i tng. V khng gian, s dng nn a hnh t l 1/2.000 to cc lp chuyn th hin tuyn xe but, bn xe, trm dng, nh ch, bi xe, c s qun l... V thuc tnh, th hin cc thng tin v hot ng ca tuyn xe (n v qun l, cc loi v, thi gian bt u v kt thc, thi gian gin cch gia hai xe cho trng hp bnh thng v cho gi cao im, thng tin v l trnh) ; thng tin v c im ca xe (loi xe, s gh, cng sut, ngy sn xut, chu k bo hnh); nhn s vn hnh h thng (m s ca nhn vin, tn h, nm sinh, qu qun, ngy k hp ng lm vic, bng li, ch lng bng, u i). D liu hot ng ca cc xe but c trung tm iu hnh thu thp t ng t cc hp en gn trn xe v c t chc lu tr theo thi gian vo c s d liu ca h thng, hoc c hin th phc v cng tc gim st trc tip. Ngun d liu ny s c tng kt, thng k theo tun, thng hoc qu. T , trung tm iu hnh c th d dng lu tr d liu, gim st truy xut thng tin, cp nht v xut cc bo co chuyn ngnh phc v cng tc qun l cc tuyn xe, qun l c s h tng mng li xe but, qun l hot ng vn ti hnh khch cng cng cp trung tm (tng hp hot ng, hiu qu hot ng, tai nn trn tng tuyn). C s qun l v bi xe Ti y, s tin hnh vic truy vn khng gian v tm kim thng tin thuc tnh ca cc i tng cng nh tnh trng hot ng ca cc xe but trc thuc c s. Bn cnh , vic cp nht d liu hot ng vn ti cp c s s c thc hin theo chu k ngy hay tun ; tin hnh in cc bo co tng hp, thng k lin quan trc tip n phng tin vn chuyn, nhn s vn hnh, hot ng ca h thng xe but ca ti x... y cng l ni thit lp v vn hnh thi gian biu bo hnh, bo dng phng tin vn chuyn. Tin s Trung cho bit, m hnh ni trn nm va qua c th nghim c hiu qu trn 15 xe but ti TP.HCM. Tuy nhin, vi chi ph u t 15-20 triu ng/hp en/xe but, hin nhin y l khon khng nh so vi tnh hnh kinh doanh xe but cha c hiu qu nh hin nay. c bit, trong k hoch p dng cng ngh GPS-GIS 500-1.000 xe but vo nm sau, bn cnh vic tng bc u t c s h tng, S Giao thng-Cng chnh d tnh s cho thu hoc cho tr chm tng thng i vi cc ch xe but mun mua hp en. Mi xe c mt s nht trnh vi ni dung: - Ngy hot ng - S xe - Tn ti x - Tn tip vin - Ni i v n - Gi i v n tng chuyn

- S lng v bn ra - S chuyn hot ng Trung tm : - Tp hp cc s nht trnh - X l v lu tr s liu - nh gi lng hnh khch theo loi v, s chuyn thc hin, thi gian ca chuyn, tc trung bnh ca xe - X l cc vi phm Nhn vin iu hnh u v cui tuyn: - Kim tra hot ng ca xe - K xc nhn hot ng ca chuyn ln s nht trnh - Lm bo co tng hp hng ngy v gi v trung tm vo ngy hm sau

ng dng GIS trong qun l ln st nn ng 23/06/2011 16:48 (GMT+7) TP.HCM ang i mt vi tnh trng xut hin cc h st ngy cng nhiu trn cc tuyn ng. iu ny gy cn tr giao thng v c th nguy him i vi tnh mng ca ngi dn. Trc tnh hnh , thnh ph giao cho on chuyn gia ca Lin hip cc hi Khoa hc k thut iu tra kho st, nh gi nguyn nhn v xut cc gii php khc phc. Theo S GTVT TP.HCM, t u nm n nay S pht hin nhiu v tr st ln bng my GEORADAR (thit b d tm bng sn g in t trong cc cng trnh ngm), trong c 69 v tr c xc nh l s xy ra st ln nu khng kp thi pht hin v x l. Hin ti, S yu cu cc c quan lin quan x l c 46 v tr, s cn li vn ang trong qu trnh khc phc.

GIS s cung cp thng tin v v tr, thi gian din ra v nguyn nhn gy st ln...

C nhiu nguyn nhn dn n st ln mt ng nhng theo S GTVT nguyn nhn ch yu t li ca h thng cc cng trnh ngm xung cp. Do gii php v mt k thut d tm sm pht hin cc khuyt tt ca h thng cng trnh ngm nh hng trc tip n mt ng, khc phc kp thi bng my d cng trnh ngm lc ny l cn thit. Theo PGS.TS L Vn Trung, G Trung tm a Tin hc, Khu Cng ngh phn mm H Quc Gia TP.HCM, vi n ng dng GIS trong qun l ln st nn ng ca Lin hip cc hi Khoa hc k thut, vic ng dng GIS nng cao nng lc qun l c s h tng giao thng nh:

cung cp nhanh thng tin v v tr st ln, thi gian din ra, nguyn nhn gy st ln, n v qun l cng trnh gy nh hng v cc s liu hnh nh lin quan... i vi cc v tr c kh nng xy ra ln st c pht hin bi thit b GPR, s c cnh bo sm, lp k hoch v gii php khc phc sm nhm trnh nguy him i vi tnh mng ca ngi dn tham gia giao thng. Ngoi ra, ng dng GIS cho php thng k nhanh din bin xay ra h ln st theo thi gian v tng a bn qun, huyn; lp bo co t ng v v tr, thi gian v nguyn nhn chnh gy ra s c. GIS h tr tc nghip, phn tch, nh gi nguyn nhn gy ln st da trn bn cng trnh ngm ti khu vc xy ra v cc s liu kho st, o c c lin quan nh: a cht, ma... Tuy nhin vic kho st nh gi hin trng cc cng trnh ngm trong thnh ph phi c tin hnh thng xuyn nhm xut nhng gii php duy tu, khc phc s c kp thi phng trnh tai bin. Vic ng dng GIS trong qun l th Vit Nam c bit l qun l nhng v tr ln st, s tng bc hon thin chng trnh qun l c s h tng c h thng v phn tch, thng k hiu qu cc cng trnh ngm mt cch chnh xc, tit kim v thi gian. Nhng gii php t GIS s l c s d bo, qun l, khai thc h thng c s h tng theo chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi bn vng.

TP.HCM trin khai mnh m hnh Chnh ph in t H thng "Mt ca in t" v nhng chng trnh ng dng CNTT trong qun l nh nc hiu qu ca TP. H Ch Minh gp phn gip m hnh Chnh ph in t c trin khai mnh ti a phng. Xc nh mc ch ca Chnh ph in t l phc v ngi dn, TP. H Ch Minh l n v u tin trong c nc xy dng m hnh "mt ca in t" cung cp tnh trng h s cho ngi dn. Theo nh gi ca S Thng tin v Truyn thng TP. HCM, hot ng ca "Mt ca in t" c tc ng tch cc n cc chng trnh ci cch hnh chnh ca thnh ph. Hot ng chng minh c quan im CNTT l cng c tt nht minh bch ho cc hot ng ca c quan qun l nh nc ti thnh ph. Tnh n ht thng 12/2008, h thng "Mt ca in t" ca TP. HCM c 19 qun, huyn tham gia cung cp tnh trng h s hnh chnh cho ngi dn. Cng t thng 12/2009, h thng "Mt ca in t" chnh thc c cung cp trn mng thng tin tch hp trn Internet ca TP.HCM (HCM CityWeb) - knh thng tin, cu ni quan trng gia cc c quan qun l nh nc ca TP. HCM vi ngi dn. Nhng thng tin trn HCM CityWeb c cp nht t ng, phn nh kp thi t l gii quyt h s ng hn ca thnh ph v tnh trng gii quyt h s ca ngi dn, doanh nghip ti cc cp chnh quyn. Mt yu t khng km phn quan trng khi vn hnh h thng "Mt ca in t" l khu ni dung, k thut. Ni dung, cng ngh v cc gii php k thut s dng cho h thng lin tc

c cp nht, nng cp. iu ny m bo nhu cu kt ni cng thng tin chnh ph, m rng cng thng tin khi trin khai h thng qun l tp trung Metronet - mng th bng rng u tin ca Vit Nam, bc u cho vic trin khai Chnh ph in t trn a bn TP.HCM. H thng mng Metronet c trin khai th im kt ni MegaWan cho 98 n v v kt ni Metronet cho 3 n v, khai thc h thng 44 knh truyn ca mng 112. Trong cng tc ng dng CNTT trong qun l nh nc, vi chi ph u t ln ti hn 33 t ng, cho ti thi im ny, TP. H Ch Minh hon chnh phn mm li v qun l hnh chnh trin khai cho cc s, ngnh trn a bn thnh ph. 11 s, ngnh trng im c ph duyt v ang trong giai on tin hnh trin khai, thc hin. c 5 s, ban, ngnh thuc khi qun l th ang trong giai on hon tt vic trin khai phn mm li v chun b tin hnh lin thng kt ni h thng trong thi gian ti v cng cung cp thng tin v u mi h thng "Mt ca in t". Trong nm 2008 va qua, TP. H Ch Minh cng hon thnh vic nh gi v trin khai thnh cng cc phn h ng dng GIS qun l Giy chng nhn quyn s hu nh v quyn s dng t . c ti 8 qun, huyn ca thnh ph trin khai thnh cng ng dng GIS. Mc d vn cn nhiu vic phi lm m hnh Chnh ph in t c vn hnh hiu qu hn na, nhng nhng g m T.P H Ch Minh n lc tr thnh mt trong nhng a phng ng dng CNTT trong cc c quan hnh chnh tt nht c nc rt ng c cc a phng khc hc tp thc hin.