tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk; - E-thaksalawa · irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
Transcript of tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk; - E-thaksalawa · irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 108
tpujq;fs;> gz;biffs; vd;gd irtkf;fspd; tho;tpy; ,lk;ngWk; Kf;fpakhd jpUehl;fs; my;yJ
epfo;TfshFk;. mtw;iw ehk; tho;f;ifapy; filg;gpbj;J xOf Ntz;Lk;.
(m) tpujq;fs;(m) tpujq;fs;(m) tpujq;fs;(m) tpujq;fs;(m) tpujq;fs;
‘tpujkhtJ kdk; nghwptopg; NghfhJ epw;ww; nghUl;L czit tpLj;NjDk;> RUf;fpNaDk; kdk;>
thf;F> fhak; vd;Dk; %d;wpdhYk; flTis nka;ad;NghL tpNrlkhf topgly;’ vd ehtyu;ngUkhd;
Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu;. irt kf;fshy; mDl;bf;fg;gLk; tpujq;fspy; khj tpujq;fshd ijg;g+rk;> khrp kfk;>
gq;Fdp cj;juk;> gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs; gw;wpAk; flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fshd ngUq;fij tpujk;> Nfjhu
nfsup tpujk;> khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu tpujk;> fe;jr~;b tpujk;> jpUg;ghit gw;wpAk; fw;Nghk;.
( i ) khj tpujq;fs;khj tpujq;fs;khj tpujq;fs;khj tpujq;fs;khj tpujq;fs;
1. ijg;g+rk;1. ijg;g+rk;1. ijg;g+rk;1. ijg;g+rk;1. ijg;g+rk;
g+rk; vd;gJ gQ;rhq;fk; Fwpg;gpLk; 27 el;rj;jpuq;fSs; vl;lhtjhFk;. ij khjj;jpy; tUk; g+rk;
vd;gjhy; ijg;g+rk; vd toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;ehspidg; Gz;zpa ehshf ,e;Jf;fs; Nghw;Wfpd;wdu;.
ijg;g+rehs; ngUk;ghYk; ngsu;zkpAld; $ba ehshf ,Uf;Fk;. Njtu;fspd; FUthd gpuf];gjp g+r
el;rj;jpuj;jpd; Njtij. mtu; mwptpd; NjtijahfTk; ,Ug;gjdhy;> ijg;g+r jpdj;jpy; tpujkpUe;J
mtiu tzq;fpdhy; mUs; fpilf;Fk; vd;gu;. NkYk;> ,j;jpdk; rptrf;jp If;fpaj;ijf; fhl;Lk;
jpUehshfTk; KUfDf;Fupa tpNrl tpoh ehshfTk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ. ijg;G+rj; jpUehs;> cyf
rpU\;bapd; Muk;g ehs; vdTk; gjQ;ryp> tpahf;fpughju; Mfpa ,UtUk; fhZk;gb eluh[g; ngUkhd;
rptjhz;ltk; Mba ehshfTk;> thA> tUzd;> mf;fpdp Mfpa Njtu;fSk; rptngUkhdpd; mjPj
rf;jpia czu;e;j ehshfTk; Fwpg;gpLtu;. ijg;g+r jpdj;jpy; Gz;zpa ejpfspy; ePuhbdhy; ghtk; ePq;fp>
kpFe;j ew;gyd; fpilf;Fk; vd;gu;;.
ijg; G+r ehspid tpNrl ehshff; nfhz;L VLnjhlf;fy;> GjpnjLj;jy;> GjpJz;zy;> ngz; Foe;ijfSf;Ff;
fhJ Fj;Jjy;> %f;Ff; Fj;Jjy; Kjyhd ew;nray;fis Nkw;nfhs;tu;.
2. khrp kfk;2. khrp kfk;2. khrp kfk;2. khrp kfk;2. khrp kfk;
khrp khjj;jpy; tUk; kf el;rj;jpuk; ngsu;zkpNahL Nru;e;J tUtjdhy; mj;jpdk; kpf tpNrlkhdJ.
tUzidg; gpbj;j Njhrk; ePq;fpa ehSk;> jf;fd; kfshf jl;rhapdp mtjupj;j jpUehSk; ,Nj ehs;
vdf; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk;> tpahogfthd; kf el;rj;jpuj;Jld; $ba Fk;g uhrpf;Fr; nry;Yk;
Gz;zpa fhyk; kfhkfkkfhkfkkfhkfkkfhkfkkfhkfk; vdg;gLk;. ,J gd;dpnuz;L Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw epfOk;. jkpo;ehl;by;
Fk;gNfhzk; vd;Dk; jyj;jpy; kfhkfk; rpwg;ghff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ. jkpo; ehl;by; md;iwa
jpdk; flyhLk; jpdkhFk;> ,yq;ifapYs;s rf;jp Myaq;fspy; xd;whd khj;jis Kj;J khupak;kd;
Myaj;jpy; ,j;jpdj;jpy; Nju;j;jpUtpoh eilngWfpd;wik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.
3. gq;Fdp cj;juk;3. gq;Fdp cj;juk;3. gq;Fdp cj;juk;3. gq;Fdp cj;juk;3. gq;Fdp cj;juk;
gq;Fdp khjj;jpy; tUk; cj;ju el;rj;jpuj;Jld; $ba ngsu;zkp jpdj;jpy;; ,iwtd;> ,iwtpiaj;
jpUkzk; nra;j ehshfg;; Nghw;wg;gLfpd;wJ. md;iwa jpdj;jpy; rpt tpujkhd fypahzRe;ju tpujj;ij
mDl;bj;J> fypahzRe;ju %u;j;jpia topgLtu;.
4. gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs;4. gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs;4. gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs;4. gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs;4. gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs;
gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs; mk;kDf;F cupa tpuj ehshFk;. me;j khjj;jpy; tUk; jpq;fl;fpoikNjhWk;
mk;kid Nehf;fp tpujk; ,Ue;J> nghq;fypl;L topgl;L mts; mUs; ngWtu;. aho;g;ghzj;jpYs;s
gd;wpj;jiyr;rp mk;kd; Myaj;jpy; ,t;tpujk; rpwg;ghf mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk;tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk;tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk;tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk;tpujq;fSk; gz;biffSk;55555
irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
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( ii ) flT flT flT flT flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;Sf;Fupa tpujq;fs;Sf;Fupa tpujq;fs;Sf;Fupa tpujq;fs;Sf;Fupa tpujq;fs;
1. ngUq;fij tpujk; (tpehaf r\;b tpujk;)1. ngUq;fij tpujk; (tpehaf r\;b tpujk;)1. ngUq;fij tpujk; (tpehaf r\;b tpujk;)1. ngUq;fij tpujk; (tpehaf r\;b tpujk;)1. ngUq;fij tpujk; (tpehaf r\;b tpujk;)
tpehafg; ngUkhDf;Fupa tpujq;fspy;> nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;> tpehaf rJu;j;jp tpujk;>
tpehafu; r\;b tpujk; vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. mtw;Ws; tpehaf r\;b tpujk; gw;wp Nehf;FNthk;.
fhu;j;jpif khjj; Nja;gpiwg; gpujik njhlf;fk; khu;fop khj tsu;gpiwr; r\;b tiuAs;s ,Ugj;njhU
jpdq;fs; tpehafr\;b tpujk; mDl;bf;fg;gLk;. ,t;tpujk; ngUq;fij tpujk;> gps;isahu; fij
tpujk;> gps;isahu; Nehd;G vdg; gy ngau;fshy; toq;fg;gLk;.
,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bg;gtu;fs; gpd;tUk; epajpfisf; filg;gpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.
u tpuj Muk;g ehspy; ,Ugj;njhU ,iofs; nfhz;l fhg;ig Mz;fs; tyf;ifapYk;
ngz;fs; ,lf;ifapYk; fl;bf; nfhs;sy;.
u KjypUgJ jpdq;fSk; xU nghOJ ez;gfypy; czT cz;zy;> ,utpy; ghy;> gok; cz;zy;.
u ,Wjpj; jpdj;jpy; cgthrk; ,Uj;jy;.
u ehs;NjhWk;; G+irapy; ,sePu;> fUk;G> Nkhjfk;> mty;> vs;SUz;il Kjyhdtw;iw epNtjdk;
nra;jy;.
u ghuizj; jpdj;jpd;; fhiyg; nghOjpy; gtpj;jpukhff; fhg;ig mtpo;j;jy;.
,t;tpujehl;fspy; ,yq;ifapYs;s tpehafu; Myaq;fspYk; irt Myaq;fspYk; tujgz;bjupd;
gps;isahu; fij> tpehaf Guhzk;> tpehaf ftrk; vd;gtw;iwg; ghuhazk; nra;Ak; tof;fk;
neLq;fhykhfg; Ngzg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ.
2. Nfjhunfsup tpujk;2. Nfjhunfsup tpujk;2. Nfjhunfsup tpujk;2. Nfjhunfsup tpujk;2. Nfjhunfsup tpujk;
rptngUkhDf;Fupa tpujq;fspy;> rptuhj;jpup tpujk;> Nfjhunfsup tpujk;> khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu
tpujk;> gpuNjh\ tpujk; vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. mtw;Ws; Nfjhunfsup tpujk;> khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu
tpujk; vd;gd gw;wp Nehf;FNthk;.
Nfjhunfsup tpujk; Gul;lhjp khjj;jpy; Rf;fpygl;r (tsu;gpiw) ml;lkp Kjy;; (vl;lhk; ehs; Kjy;)
fpU\;zgl;;;r (Nja;gpiw) rJu;j;jrp (gjpdhd;fhk; ehs;) <whfpa ,Ugj;njhU ehs;fs; Nfjhuehjiuf;
Fwpj;J mDl;bf;fg;gLk; tpujkhFk;. mt;thW mDl;bf;f ,ayhjtu;fs;> fpU\;zgl;r (Nja;gpiw)
gpujik (Kjyhk; ehs;) Kjy; rJu;j;;jrp (gjpdhd;F) <whfpa gjpdhd;Fgjpdhd;Fgjpdhd;Fgjpdhd;Fgjpdhd;F ehs;ehs;ehs;ehs;ehs; MapDk;> fpU\;zgl;r
(Nja;gpiw) ml;lkp (vl;lhk; ehs;) Kjw; rJu;j;;jrp (gjpdhd;F) <whfpa VOVOVOVOVO ehsehsehsehsehs; MapDk;> fpU\;zgl;r
rJu;j;jrpahfpa xU ehsxU ehsxU ehsxU ehsxU ehs; MapDk; tpujk; mDl;bf;fyhk;;.
,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bg;gtu;fs; filg;gpbf;f Ntz;ba epajpfs; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.
u tpujj; njhlf;f ehspy; ,Ugj;njhU ,iofs; nfhz;l fhg;ig Mz;fs; tyf;ifapYk; ngz;fs;
,lf;ifapYk; fl;bf; nfhs;sy;.
u KjypUgJ jpdq;fSk; xU nghOJ ez;gfypy; czT cz;zy;.
u ehs;NjhWk;; (,Ugj;njhU ehl;fs;) G+irapy; vs;SUz;il> kQ;rSUz;il> mjpurk;> thiog;gok;>
Njq;fha;> ntw;wpiy> ghf;F vd;gtw;iw tiff;nfhd;whf itj;J> epNtjdk; nra;jy;.
u ,Wjp ehshfpa rJu;j;jrpapNy g+ir nra;J> cgthrk; ,Uj;jy;.
u mLj;j ehspy; ghuiz nra;jy;.
ckhNjtpahu; ,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bj;J> rptngUkhdpd; ,lg;ghfk; ngw;whu;. jpUf;Nfjhuk; vd;Dk;
jyj;jpYs;s NfjhNu];tuiu> nfsupak;ik topgl;L> ,lg; ghfkpUf;Fk; NgW ngw;wjdhy; ,t;tpujk;>
Nfjhu nfsup tpujk; Nfjhu nfsup tpujk; Nfjhu nfsup tpujk; Nfjhu nfsup tpujk; Nfjhu nfsup tpujk; vd toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
3. khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu3. khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu3. khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu3. khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu3. khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu
khu;fop khjk; Njtu;fSf;F tpbaw; fhykhf (itfiwg; nghOjhf)f; fUjg;gLk;. ,k;khu;fopapy;
tUk; jpUthjpiu el;rj;jpuk; jpy;iy eluh[g; ngUkhidf; Fwpj;J mDl;bf;Fk; tpujkhFk;. NkYk;>
jpUntk;ghit topghl;Lf;Fupa gj;Jj; jpdq;fspy; ,Wjpehshf miktJ khu;fopj; jpUthjpiuahFk;.
irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
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,j;jpdj;jpy; cgthrk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,t;tpujj;ij rpjk;guj;jpy; mDl;bg;gJ cj;jkk;. mq;F
eilngWk; ‘MUj;jpuh juprdk;MUj;jpuh juprdk;MUj;jpuh juprdk;MUj;jpuh juprdk;MUj;jpuh juprdk;’ vd;Dk; Mjpiu tpohitj; juprdk; nra;a ,ayhjtu;fs; ek;ehl;bYs;s
fhiuefu; <oj;;Jr; rpjk;guk;> jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;> jpUf;NfhNzr;ruk;> nghd;dk;gythNzr;ruk;> Kd;Ndr;ruk;>
nfhf;fl;br;Nrhiyj; jhd;Njhd;wPr;ruk; Kjypa rptj;jyq;fspYk; Vida gpw rpt Myaq;fspYk;
jpUthjpiu tpoh> topghLnra;J> ,t;tpujj;ij Nehw;gJk; ehk; fhzf;$banjhd;whFk;.
gjQ;ryp> tpahf;fpughju; Nghd;w Kdptu;fs; juprpj;J nka;kwe;J epd;w jpy;iy eluh[g;ngUkhdpd;
Mlw;Nfhyk; vd;Wk; fhzj;jf;fJ. mjidf; fz;zhuf; fUj;jhuf; fhz kdpjg;gpwtp vLf;f tpUk;Gtjhf
mg;gu; ngUkhd; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu;. mtu; ghba; “Fdpj;j GUtKk;Fdpj;j GUtKk;Fdpj;j GUtKk;Fdpj;j GUtKk;Fdpj;j GUtKk;” vd;w Njthuk;> jpU%yu; ghba
“mud;Jb Njhw;wk;mud;Jb Njhw;wk;mud;Jb Njhw;wk;mud;Jb Njhw;wk;mud;Jb Njhw;wk;” vd;w jpUke;jpuk; vd;gd jpUthjpiuj; juprd jpdj;jpy; Xjj;jf;fjhFk;.
5. fe;jr\;b tpujk;fe;jr\;b tpujk;fe;jr\;b tpujk;fe;jr\;b tpujk;fe;jr\;b tpujk;
KUfg;ngUkhDf;Fupa tpujq;fspy;> nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;> jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;> fe;jr\;b
tpujk; vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. mtw;Ws; jiyaha tpujkhf miktJ fe;jr\;b tpujkhFk;. Ig;grp
khjj;Jj; jPghtsp mkhthiria mLj;J tUk; tsu;gpiwapy; gpujik njhlf;fk; r\;b tiuAs;s
MW ehl;;fSk; KUfg; ngUkhid tpNrlkhf topgl;L Nehw;Fk; tpujk; fe;jr\;b tpujkhFk;.
nry;tq;fs;> RfNghfq;fs;> ew;Gj;jpug;NgW vd;gtw;iw Kd;dpl;L KUfidf; Fynja;tkhfNth ,\;l
nja;tkhfNth topgLNthUk; gpwUk; ,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bg;gu;. KUf gf;ju;fs; ,t;tpujj;ij xU fLe;
jtkhff; fUjp MW jpdq;fSk; cgthrk; ,Uj;jy; tof;fk;. ,ayhjtu;fs; Kjy; Ie;J ehl;fs; xU
Ntis cz;ZjYk; Mwhk; ehs; cgthrk; ,Uj;jYk; eilKiwahf cs;sJ.
,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bg;gtu;fs; gpd;tUk; epajpfisf; filg;gpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.
u tpujj;Jf;F Kjy; ehshd mkhthirj; jpdj;jpy; xU Ntis czTz;zy;
u njhlf;fehspy; Myaj;jpy; ju;g;igazpe;J> ‘fhg;Gf;fl;ly;’ (rq;fw;gk; nra;jy;);
u MWehl;;fSk; KUfd; Myaj;jpy; ,iwtopghL nra;jy;> fe;jGuhzk;> jpUr;nre;J}u;g; Guhzk;
vd;gtw;iwg; Guhzgldk; nra;jy; Nghd;w Gdpjr; nray;fspy; <Lgly;
u ,Wjp ehspy; fhg;ig mtpo;j;J jl;rizAld; mu;r;rfuplk; rku;g;gpj;jy;
u Vohk; ehs; mjpfhiy ePuhb mE\;lhdq;fis epiwNtw;wp> ghuizg; g+ir Kbe;jJk; khNfRu
g+ir nra;J tpujj;ijg; g+u;j;jp nra;jy;
fe;j r\;b tpuj ehl;fspy; tpujk; mDl;bg;Nghu;> KUfg; ngUkhdpd; Myaq;fspy; jq;fpapUe;J>
md;d> Mfhuq;fspd;wp Myaj;jpy; jUk; jPu;j;jj;ij kl;Lk; gUfp tpujkpUg;gu;. ,jid kz;̂ u; KUfd;
Myaj;jpy; mtjhdpf;fyhk;.
fe;j r\;b vd;gJ KUfg; ngUkhd; #urq;fhuk; nra;J> Njtu;fisf; fhj;j mUl;nraiyf;
Fwpf;Fk;. ,t;tpujj;jpd; Mwhk; ehs; KUfd; Myaq;fspy; ‘#ud;Nghu;’ vd;Dk; rka epfo;T ehlfghzpapy;
eilngWjy; tof;fk;. kdpjupd; cl;gifahf cs;s fhkk;> ntFsp> <ahik> kaf;fk;> nrUf;F>
nghwhik Mfpa mRug; gz;Gfis mopj;J> mtu;fs; nja;tPf epiyapy; ngUtho;T tho> mUs;
ghypf;Fk; ,iwtdJ Mw;wypd; ngUikNa fe;jr\;b czu;j;Jk; nka;g;;nghUshFk;. fe;jr\;b
tpujj;jpd; kfpikiaAk; gaidAk; Fwpg;gpLk; gpd;tUk; ghly; fe;jr\;b tpuj fhyj;jpy; gbg;gjw;F Vw;wJ.
Muz Kdptu; thNdhu; mq;fjd; kw;iw itfy;Muz Kdptu; thNdhu; mq;fjd; kw;iw itfy;Muz Kdptu; thNdhu; mq;fjd; kw;iw itfy;Muz Kdptu; thNdhu; mq;fjd; kw;iw itfy;Muz Kdptu; thNdhu; mq;fjd; kw;iw itfy;
rPuzp KUfNtl;Fr; rpwg;nghL g+ir Mw;wpg;rPuzp KUfNtl;Fr; rpwg;nghL g+ir Mw;wpg;rPuzp KUfNtl;Fr; rpwg;nghL g+ir Mw;wpg;rPuzp KUfNtl;Fr; rpwg;nghL g+ir Mw;wpg;rPuzp KUfNtl;Fr; rpwg;nghL g+ir Mw;wpg;
ghuzk; tpjpapw; nra;jhu; gapw;Wk; ,t;tpujk; jd;dhy;ghuzk; tpjpapw; nra;jhu; gapw;Wk; ,t;tpujk; jd;dhy;ghuzk; tpjpapw; nra;jhu; gapw;Wk; ,t;tpujk; jd;dhy;ghuzk; tpjpapw; nra;jhu; gapw;Wk; ,t;tpujk; jd;dhy;ghuzk; tpjpapw; nra;jhu; gapw;Wk; ,t;tpujk; jd;dhy;
jhuzp mTzu; nfhz;l jk;gjj; jiyik ngw;whu;.jhuzp mTzu; nfhz;l jk;gjj; jiyik ngw;whu;.jhuzp mTzu; nfhz;l jk;gjj; jiyik ngw;whu;.jhuzp mTzu; nfhz;l jk;gjj; jiyik ngw;whu;.jhuzp mTzu; nfhz;l jk;gjj; jiyik ngw;whu;.
(fe;jGuhzk; - fe;j tpujg; glyk; - 23)6. jpUg;ghit6. jpUg;ghit6. jpUg;ghit6. jpUg;ghit6. jpUg;ghit
,t;tpujk; khu;fop khjk; KOtJk; kfhtp\;Zit Nehf;fp mDl;bf;Fk; tpujkhFk;. itztg;
ngz;fs; xUtiu xUtu; JapnyOg;gp> ePu;j; Jiwapy; ePuhb> kz;zpyhd ghit nra;J> jkf;F ey;y
fztu; mikaNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; ehl;Lf;F ey;y kio nghopaNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; Ntz;b topgl;L> nea;
ghy; cz;zhJ> ikapl;nlOjhJ> kyupl;L KbahJ> jPanrhw;fisf; $whJ> Iak; ,l;L ,t;tpujj;ij
khu;fop Kg;gJ ehl;fSk; mDl;bj;jdu; vd;W Mz;lhs; “jpUg;ghitjpUg;ghitjpUg;ghitjpUg;ghitjpUg;ghit” Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. jw;fhyj;jpy;
itztu;fshy; ,e;j tpujk; khu;fop khjk; KOtJk; mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
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(M(M(M(M(M) gz;bif) gz;bif) gz;bif) gz;bif) gz;biffs;fs;fs;fs;fs;
gz;biffs; vd;git kdpj tho;tpd; Kf;fpa epfo;Tfs; MFk;. tUlk; KOtJk; gy;NtW
nraw;ghLfspy; jk;ik <LgLj;jpf; nfhz;l kdpju;> tUlj;jpd; Kjy;> ,il> filg; gUtq;fspy;
nfhz;lhb kfpo;e;J> jk;Kila kdq;fspYk; tho;tpYk; FJ}fyj;ij Vw;gLj;jp> tho;f;ifia
kfpo;r;rpahf;Fk; epfo;r;rpfNs gz;biffs;gz;biffs;gz;biffs;gz;biffs;gz;biffs; MFk;. ,it gUtk; rhu;e;Jk;> rkak; rhu;e;Jk;
Vw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. nghJthf> irtu;fspd; tho;tpy; gz;biffs; rkak; rhu;e;jdthfNt cs;sd.
ijg;nghq;fy;> rpj;jpiu tUlg;gpwg;G> jPghtsp vd;gd rkak; rhu;e;j Kf;fpa gz;biffshFk;.
jk;ikAk; jk;Kila #oiyAk; Gdpjg;gLj;jp> ,iwtid topgl;Lk;;> ngw;Nwhu; ngupNahu; Mrp
ngw;Wk;> gy tif czTfs; gl;rzq;fs; gupkhwpAk; tpUe;J toq;fpAk; gz;biffs; nfhz;lhlg;gLk;.
mj;Jld; tof;fkhd cztpYk; rpwg;ghd Ritahd czT tiffis cz;zy;> Gj;jhil mzpjy;>
cstpay; Nehf;fpy; kfpo;r;rpia ngUf;Fjy;> cw;whu; cwtpdu; maytu; tPLfSf;Fr; nrd;W fye;J
cwthb tpUe;Jz;L kfpo;jy; Nghd;w epfo;TfSk; gz;biffspd; NghJ ,lk;ngWk;.
1. ijg;nghq;fy;1. ijg;nghq;fy;1. ijg;nghq;fy;1. ijg;nghq;fy;1. ijg;nghq;fy;
#upad; jD ,uhrpapypUe;J> kfu ,uhrpapy;
gpuNtrpf;Fk; fhyk; cj;juhaz ehshFk;. ,J kfukfukfukfukfu
rq;fpuhe;jprq;fpuhe;jprq;fpuhe;jprq;fpuhe;jprq;fpuhe;jp vdg;gLk;. ,j;jpdj;ijNa ehk;
ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bif ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bif ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bif ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bif ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bif vdf; nfhz;lhLfpd;Nwhk;.
ij khjk; Kjyhk; ehspy;> nghq;fy; nra;J>
gilaypl;L #upaid topgLk; gz;bif ,JthFk;.
,g; gz;bifia #upag; nghq;fy;> cotu; jpUehs;
vdTk; miog;gu ; . czT cw;gj ;jpf ;Fk;
capupdq;fspd; tsu;r;rpf;;Fk; Njitahd ntg;gk;>
ntspr;rk;> kio vd;gtw;iwr; #upad; toq;Ffpd;whd;.
mjdhy;> gapu;fs; nropj;J tsu;fpd;wd. vdNt>
ney; mWtil nra;jJk; #upaDf;F ed;wpf;fld; nrYj;jfpd;wdu;.
ijg;nghq;fy; jpdj;jpy; vy;NyhUk; mjpfhiyapy; vOe;J> jq;fisAk; jq;fs;; tPLfisAk; Rj;jk;
nra;J> myq;fupg;gu;. tPl;L Kw;wj;jpy; kQ;rs; kh> muprp kh vd;gtw;why; Nfhyk; Nghl;L> mjd; kj;jpapy;
epiwFlKk; Fj;J tpsf;Fk; itg;gu;. Gj;juprpapy; nghq;fy; nghq;fp> #upad; cjakhFk;NghJ> nghq;fiyg;
gilj;J mtid tuNtw;W> tzq;fpj; jkJ ed;wpf; flid epiwNtw;Wtu;. nghq;fYld;> nrOikiaAk;
,dpikiaAk; Fwpf;Fk; ghy;> gok;> fUk;G> ,sePu;> kQ;rs;> gaW Kjyhd tptrhag; nghUl;fisAk;
gilj;J topgLtu;. nghq;fiyAk; gpw czTg; nghUl;fisAk; cwtpdu;> maytu;> tpUe;jpdu;
KjyhNdhu;fSf;Fg; gfpu;e;jspg;gu;.
ijg;nghq;fYf;F mLj;j ehspy; gl;bg; nghq;fygl;bg; nghq;fygl;bg; nghq;fygl;bg; nghq;fygl;bg; nghq;fy; (khl;Lg; nghq;fykhl;Lg; nghq;fykhl;Lg; nghq;fykhl;Lg; nghq;fykhl;Lg; nghq;fy;) ,lk;ngWk;. coTj; njhopYf;F
cWJizahf tpsq;Fk; gRf;fisAk; vUJfisAk; Nghw;Wk; tpohthf ,J mikfpd;wJ. fhy;eilfisf;
Fspg;ghl;b> myq;fupg;gJld; nghq;fy; nghq;fp> mtw;wpw;Fk; nfhLj;Jj; jhKk; cz;gu;.
ijg;nghq;fy; gz;bifahdJ flTs; topghl;bidAk; irt kf;fspd; kuG top tpOkpaq;fshd
ed;wp kwthik> gfpu;e;Jz;zy;> md;G> mwk;> mfpk;ir> Gdpjk; NgZjy; Kjyhd gz;GfisAk;
fiyfisAk; tsu;;f;f ,lkspf;fpd;wJ.
2. rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;G2. rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;G2. rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;G2. rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;G2. rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;G
rpj;jpiu khjk; tUlj;jpd; KjyhtJ khjkhFk;. mt;Ntisapy; #upad; ,uhrpfspy; Kjyhtjhd
Nkl ,uhrpapNy gpuNtrpf;fpd;whd;. vdNt> ,j;jpdk; tUlg; gpwg;Gj; jpdkhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ.
,JNt jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;g; Gj;jhz;Lg;gpwg;Gg; Gj;jhz;Lg;gpwg;Gg; Gj;jhz;Lg;gpwg;Gg; Gj;jhz;Lg;gpwg;Gg; Gj;jhz;Lg;gpwg;G MFk;.
irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp irt newp juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10 juk; 10
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
12
rpj;jpiu tUlg; gpwg;Gj; jpdj;jpy; gytifahd G+f;;fs;> ,iyfs;> jiofs;> mWF> kQ;rs;>
Nfhryk;>Nfhkak; Kjyhdtw;iwr; Nru;j;Jf; fha;r;Rfpd;w tpNrl ePuhd kUj;JePiuj; jiyapy; Nja;j;J
ePuhLtu;. Gjpa Mil mzpjy;> Mya juprdk; nra;jy;> GJg;ghidapy; nghq;fpa nghq;fiyr; #upaDf;Fg;
gilj;J> flTis tzq;Fjy; Mfpatw;iw Nkw;nfhs;tu;.
mj;Jld;> ngw;Nwhu; ngupNahiu tzq;fp Mrp ngWjy;> cw;whu;
cwtpdu; ez;gu;fs; MfpNahUld; tpNrlkhfr; rikf;fg;gl;l czT
tiffis cz;L kfpo;jy;> cwtpdu; tPLfSf;F Rgjpd Rg Neuj;jpy;
tp[ak; nra;jy; vd;gd Gj;jhz;Lj; jpdj;jpy; gpd;gw;wg;gLk;
rk;gpujhaq;fshFk;. Gj;jhz;Lj; jpdj;jpy;
me;j Mz;Lf;Fupa gyid thrpg;gJk;
Nfl;gJk; tof;fkhFk;. gQ;rhq;fk;
Fwpg;gpLk; RgNeuj;jpy; iftpNrlk;
gu pkhWjy ; > GJf ;fzf;Ffisj;
njhlq;Fjy;> Vu;kq;fyk;> VLnjhlf;Fjy;
Kjyhd nray;fisj; njhlq;Fk; tof;fKk; irt kf;fspilNa cs;sJ.
rpj;jpiu tUlg;gpwg;gpd; NghJ ngupa kuq;fspy; CQ;ry; fl;b> ghb
MLjy;> Nghu;j;Njq;fha; mbj;jy; Kjyhd ghuk;gupa tpisahl;L epfo;r;rpfs;
jkpo;f; fpuhkq;fspy; elj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
,t;tifapy ; r pj ;j piu tUlg ; g pwg ;g pidg ; gw ;w p
njhFj;JNehf;Fk;NghJ kf;fspilNa flTs; topghL> ngw;Nwhu; ngupNahiu tzq;Fjy;> cwtpid
tpUj;jp nra;jy;> kfpo;r;rpiag; gfpu;e;J nfhs;sy;> ghuk;gupa fiyfisg; NgZjy; Kjyhdtw;iw
tsu;g;gjpy; ngUk;gq;F tfpf;fpd;wd vdyhk;.
0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 . gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.
1. tpujk;> gz;bif vd;gtw;wpd; nghUis vOJf.
2. khj tpujq;fs; %d;wpdJk; gz;biffs; %d;wpdJk; ngau;fisj; jUf.
nraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghLnraw;ghL
1. tpujq;fs;> gz;biffs; njhlu;ghfg; gj;jpupiffspy; ntsptUk; jfty;fisr; Nrfupj;J> fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.
2. tpujq;fspd; tif> mit xt;nthd;iwAk; mDl;bg;gjw;Fupa Nehf;fq;fs;> mDl;bf;Fk; Kiwfs;
Kjyhd jfty;fisr; Nrfupj;J> ml;ltizg;gLj;jp fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.
3. rpj;jpiu tUlg;gpwg;gpy; Nkw;;nfhs;Sk; fUkq;fisg; gl;baw;gLj;jp> mjid tFg;giwapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.
4. gQ;rhq;fj;jpy; GJtUlg; gyid Mrpupaupd; cjtpAld; thrpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.
5. cq;fs; gpuNjrj;jpy;> rpj;jpiu tUlg;gpwg;gpd; NghJ Nkw;;nfhs;sg;gLk; ghuk;gupa tpisahl;Lf;fs;>
tpisahLk; Kiw vd;gtw;iw ml;ltizg;gLj;jp tFg;giwapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.
ghlr;RUf;fk;ghlr;RUf;fk;ghlr;RUf;fk;ghlr;RUf;fk;ghlr;RUf;fk;
• tpujk; vd;gjd; nghUs;> kdk; nghwptopg; NghfhJ epw;wy; nghUl;L czit tpLj;NjDk;>
RUf;fpNaDk; kdk;> thf;F> fhak; vd;Dk; %d;wpdhYk; flTis nka;ad;NghL tpNrlkhf
topgLjy; vd;gjhFk;.
• ijg;g+rk;> khrpkfk;> gq;Fdp cj;juk;> gq;Fdpj; jpq;fs; vd;gd khj tpujq;fshFk;. ngUq;fij
tpujk;> Nfjhunfsup tpujk;> khu;fopj; jpUthjpiu tpujk;> fe;jr\;b tpujk;> jpUg;ghit vd;gd
flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fshFk;.
• ijg;nghq;fy;> rpj;jpiu tUlg;gpwg;G vd;gd Kf;fpakhd gz;biffshFk;.