Torace - stagiu 2
Transcript of Torace - stagiu 2
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APARATUL RESPIRATOR
LP 2
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OPACITATI PULMONARE
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• Sediu: lobi, segmente, scizurisemnele radiologice
• Numar: – unice: pneumopatii, tu benigne, maligne– multiple (diseminare bronhogena sau
hematogena): br-pn, matastaze, TBC miliara• Forma:
– rotund: chist hidatic, tumori, tuberculom– nodular: pneumoconioze, br-pn– segmentar: pneumopatii, atelectazii– liniar (interstitiu, pleura, scizuri)– reticular (interstitiu difuz)– policiclic: adenopatii hilare– stelat: cicatrici
• Dimensiuni
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• Sediu: lobi, segmente, scizurisemnele radiologice
• Numar: – unice: pneumopatii, tu benigne, maligne– multiple (diseminare bronhogena sau
hematogena): br-pn, matastaze, TBC miliara• Forma:
– rotund: chist hidatic, tumori, tuberculom– nodular: pneumoconioze, br-pn– segmentar: pneumopatii, atelectazii– liniar (interstitiu, pleura, scizuri)– reticular (interstitiu difuz)– policiclic: adenopatii hilare– stelat: cicatrici
• Dimensiuni
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Contur net
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Op multiple
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• Contur:– net si liniar: foita pleurala sau nivel hidroaeric– net: chist hidatic– difuz: congestie pulmonara– invadant: cancer exobronsic
• Structura: omogena \ inomogena• Intensitate: medie \ mare \ mica• Raporturi:
– tractiune: aderente– aspiratie: atelectazie– impingere: bula de emfizem, tumora– modificarea volumelor toracic si pulmonar
• Functionalitate:– pulsatii, Valsalva, Muller
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Contur net
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Contur policiclic
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Contur invadant
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• Contur:– net si liniar: foita pleurala sau nivel hidroaeric– net: chist hidatic– difuz: congestie pulmonara– invadant: cancer exobronsic
• Structura: omogena \ inomogena• Intensitate: medie \ mare \ mica• Raporturi:
– tractiune: aderente– aspiratie: atelectazie– impingere: bula de emfizem, tumora– modificarea volumelor toracic si pulmonar
• Functionalitate:– pulsatii, Valsalva, Muller
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Op inomogena
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S sil
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TRANSPARENTE PULMONARE
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• Circumscrise: precis delimitate– congenitale: bule de emfizem, chiste aerice,
plaman polichistic– ulcerativ \ necrotic: caverna TBC, abces pulmonar
total evacuat– ventil de tip expirator: bule de emfizem,
pneumatocel posttraumatic
• Difuze: dimensiuni relativ mari, contur imprecis– fara desen pulmonar: pneumotorace, chiste
aeriene gigante– cu desen pulmonar: astm bronsic in criza,
emfizem pulmonar, hipovascularizatie pulmonara
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Circumscrise
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Chist aerian
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BPOC scleroemfizematos
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BPOC
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Imagini mixte pulmonare
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• Sistematizate: tipic imagine de nivel hidro-aeric– abces pulmonar partial evacuat– chist aerian suprainfectat– chist hidatic partial evacuat– hidropneumotorace
• Nesistematizate:– nu se pot incadra in formele sistematizate:
metastaze pulmonare, leziuni tuberculoase extinse, fibrotorace mutilant
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Hidropneumotorace
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Abces pulm partial evac
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S mb ondulante
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Sindroame radiologice pulmonare
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Sindrom de umplere alveolara:
• opacitate flu conturata• confluere rapida a opacitatilor• evolutie cu crestere rapida a opacitatii• volumul alveolelor umplute nemodificat • prezinta bronhograma si alveolograma
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Pn LS
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Pn LM
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Pn segmenrt
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Pn segm apico-dorsal stg
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Pn LSS
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Pn segm in rezolutie
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Pn segm VI
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Abces Fowler
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Pn Klebsiella
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Br-pn
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EPA
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Sindrom bronsic
-modificari de pereti
-obstructii bronsice
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Sindrom bronsic: ATELECTAZIE
• Semne directe: opacitate omogena, sistematizata, fara bronhograma aerica, bine delimitata, margini concave, dimensiuni mai mici decat ale regiunii normale
• Semne indirecte: deplasarea oganelor mediastinale catre opacitate, ridicarea cupolei hemidiafragmului, atragerea hilului, hiperinflatie de vecinatate, micsorarea spatiilor intercostale
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Sindromul interstitial
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Sticla mata
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sarcoidoza
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Sindromul pleural
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