Titanium – The heaviest light metal
description
Transcript of Titanium – The heaviest light metal
Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall© Fronius
Titanium – The heaviest light metal
Dan Snitkovsky
Uniweld Israel
FRONIUS International GmbH
Buxbaumstr. 2
4600 Wels
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium – The heaviest light metal
Lithium -
light metal5g/cm³
0,5g/cm³ 4,5g/cm³ Heavy metal
Titanium
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
TITANIUM,
Part of the IVb group of the table of the elements
(titanium, zirconium, hafnium)
Vb group
(Vanadium, niobium, tantalum )
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium
Part of the IVb group of the tableof the elements (titanium, zirconium, hafnium)
Vb group(vanadium, niobium, tantalum )
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Advantages
Highest corrosion resistance Good oxidation resistance at < 600°C Low density High specific strength Excellent yield strength Outstanding biocompatibility Excellent decoration ability
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Turbine engine construction
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Application turbine
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Implant in the dentistry
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Implant, turbo charger, turbine industry
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Lynx helicopter rotor
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Defense industry
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Attention:
At more than 9% aluminium dangerous brittle intermetallic phases can be developed
This is the reason that titanium is only available with max. 8% Al.
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Attention:
Not more than 0,1% O2 in titanium, otherwise:no corrosion resistance no weldabilityno more ductility
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Attention:
No H2 – enemy no. 1 !!
Has to be less than 10-3 (0,001%) otherwise Embrittlement Drops out HYDRIDE PHASE
Solubility H2 at 300°C = 18 weight%
Solubility H2 at RT only = 0,002 weight%
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Attention: No N2 !
Embrittlement starts at 0,3 weight%
Oxygen equivalent contamination in (weight%)
Q = (O2) + 2 (N2) + 2/3 (C)
Hardness (HB) depends on (O2) : HB = 40 + 310 Q
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Tensile strength:
Unalloyed titanium has 290 up to 740N/mm²
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Higher tensile strength is only achieved by alloying:
Ti6Al4V unalloyed titanium
other
alloys
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
( + ) = standard alloy since 1940 in USA
start of production for the first time in 1954 -
„Pratt+Whitney / General Electric“ at turbines
(3.7164) = Ti 6Al 4V has 900 bis 1300 N/mm²
90% 6% 4%
At 300°C long term performance is OK, but turbines have to
fulfill higher demands - more about that later
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Selection of filler metal for welding
Because of ductility choose always one grade/step
„lower“ undermatched wire .
Anyway the seam will be 50HB harder than the
base material.
Reason: unintentional amalgamation with O2/N2
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Brazing: Most frequently silver-basedShort dwell period required, otherwise phase-
formation, for this reason small parts only.Brazing with: Ti 15Ni 15Cu (953° – 970°C)
fair wetting behavior, but corrosion resistance is ok, furthermore the mechanical properties are better.
Ti 48Zr 4Be (898° – 926°C)good wetting behavior, but worse brazing results for the rest
As solder for titanium you may also use:Al 99,5 / AlMn / AlSi 12
Ca. 680° – 690°C
Electron beam welding
Vacuom 10(-4) Torr
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium WIG – special arrangements
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium WIG – special arrangements
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Orbital welds
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium MIG – special arrangements
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titanium MIG – special arrangements
Teflon innerliner top wire feeding properties Non-sensitive to high
temperatures less abrasion in the innerliner
Teflon drive rolls - because titanium is
very soft and sensitive regarding feeding and
contamination
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall
Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall© Fronius
RCU 5000i Remote Control Unit
© Fronius Titan das schwerste Leichtmetall