The verb phrase by aziza saiaf al shahrani - 0879206 __ syntax 334 lane

Aziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani

The Verb PhraseBy

Aziza Saiaf Al-Shahrani

ID: 0879206Syntax 334 Lane

The verb phrase :✿ The verb phrase may consist of the main verb, and auxiliary verb, plus optional complements, and other modifiers..

✿ The material of verb phrase ( VP ) depends on the type or CLASS of verb used ..

✿We have six classes of verb :- TRANSITIVE , INTRASITIVE , DITRANSITIVE , INTINSIVE , COMPLEX-TRANSTIVE ,

PREPOSITIONAL ..Aziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani

The rules:

VP transitive verb + d Od O NP*************************************************VP intransitive verb*************************************************VP ditransitive verb + iO + dOiO NPdO NPORVp ditransitive verb + dO + iOdO NPiO NP


VP intensive verb + sCsC NP or PP or AdjP*************************************************VP complex-transitive verb + dO + oCdO NP

oC NP or PP or AdjP*************************************************VP prepositional verb + pO pO PP *************************************************


:Intransitive Verb

On the other hand, an intransitive verb cannot take a direct object..

The rule: VP intransitive verb


e.g. Sara moved .

S NP VP

Pro V[ intrans]

Sara moved

S P


Intensive Verb: Intensive verbs are commonly known as linking verbs, or copular verbs like: be, seem, smell, become, taste,

sound, appear, look and so on. They have the following structure -:

Subject + Linking Verb + Subject Complement.

The rule:

VP intensive verb + sCsC NP or PP or AdjP


e.g. Sara is a teacher. S

NP VP N V NP

[ intens ] DET N

teacher a Sara is S P sC

_____________________________________________e.g. Sara is a teacher . >> sC NP

Sara is in the class . >> sC PP e.g .AdjP e.g. Sara seems unhappy . >> sC


Transitive Verb: The meaning of a transitive verb is incomplete

without a direct object..

The rule: VP transitive verb + dOdO NP


e.g. Sara ate the apple. S

NP VP N V NP[ trans ]

DET N

Sara ate the apple

S P dO Aziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani

Ditransitive Verb: Ditransitive verb requires both a direct object (dO)

and indirect object (iO)..

The rule: VP ditransitive verb + iO + dOiO NPdO NPOR

ditransitive verb + dO + iO VP NP dONP iO Aziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani

e.g. Sara gave Hind the cake . S

NP VP N V NP NP

[ ditrans ] N DET N

Sara gave Hind the cack

S P iO dO


e.g. Sara gave the cake to Hind. S

NP VP N V NP PP

[ ditrans ] DET N P NP

N

Sara gave the cake to Hind S P dO iO


Complex-transitive Verb:

A verb that takes a direct object (dO) plus an object complement ( oC )..

The rule: VP complex-transitive verb + dO + oC

NP dO oC NP or PP or AdjP



e.g. Sara thought Hind a fool. S

NP VP N V NP NP

[complex] N DET N

Sara thought Hind a fool S P dO oC

________________________________________

e.g. Sara thought Hind a fool . >> oC NPSara put the book on the desk.>> oC PP e.g .

AdjP e.g. Sara made Hind angry . >> oC

Prepositional Verb: Prepositional verbs are made of:

verb + prepositionBecause a preposition always has an object, all prepositional verbs have direct objects. So all prepositional verbs are transitive. Also, the object must come after the

preposition . ✿e.g. believe in , look after, talk about, wait for.

The rule: VP prepositional verb + pO pO PP Aziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani

e.g. The children glanced at the picture .

SNP VP

DET N V PP [complex ]

P NP DET N

The children glanced at the picture S P pO


Imperative: The imperative mood is used to give orders , commands , and instructions. The form used is usually the same as the base form. Sentences in the

imperative may omit the subject NP.. Open the book e.g.

SVP

V NP[trans ]

N DET Open the door

P dOAziza Saiaf AL-Shahrani


Thank You

) (✿◡‿◡

The verb phrase by aziza saiaf al shahrani - 0879206 __ syntax 334 lane

Education

Transcript of The verb phrase by aziza saiaf al shahrani - 0879206 __ syntax 334 lane