Thanh Tuu ket Cau Thep

7/30/2019 Thanh Tuu ket Cau Thep

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NHNG THNH TU CAKT CU THP TRONG HAI

THP K HI NHP V M CA

Gs TS on nh Kin

PGS. TS Phm Vn Hi


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I. Qu trnh s dng v pht trin ca Kt cu

thp Vit Nam qua cc thi k1. Trc thi k Php thuc

Cha c kt cu kim loi ni chung

Vt liu: st, gang dng lm cht, thanh cng, b ct.

2. Thi k Php thuc: KCT ch xut hin t u th k 20

Cc cng trnh chnh:

- Cng nghip: Nh my xe la, nh my ng tu thy

Nh my tuyn than, nh my dt- Dn dng: Nh ht ln, rp chiu bng

- Dng kt cu: gin v ko, dm sn vm gch, cnthang, lanh t


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3. Nhng nm 1950 1960

c im: sau ha bnh, bt xy dng c s cng nghipha; C s gip ca cc nc XHCN;

Vt liu thp him nn ch s dng cho cc cng trnh ln:

L 24m; ct bc B 12 m, sc trc Q 50T

Cc cng trnh ln: Ton b bng thp: Nh my gang thpThi Nguyn (dm cu trc

thp 2,5m, Q=150T), c kh H Ni,supe Pht pht Lm Thao, mt s

kho

Gin thp, ct b tng: Xe la Gia Lm, Phn m H Bc, in NinhBnh, ng tu Bch ng

+ L thuyt, Tiu chun tnh ton theo Nga.


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Nh my Supe phtphat Lm Thao ang xy dng


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Nh my gang thp Thi Nguyn (Tisco)


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Hnh 3. Nh my c kh H Ni


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4. Nhng nm khng chin chng M

c im: xut hin cc kt cu ph hp vi cc yu cu stn chng chin tranh ph hoi: qui m nh, lp rp nhanh

Loi kt cu ph bin: cc nh kho, nh xng bng gin v

ko thp trn 3 mt, c thanh cng, nhp 12-18 m: do TrngHXD nghin cu di s ch o ca c GS Quc Sam

Cc nh khung ghp t cc ray tu ha


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5. Sau chng M, t 1975-1990 Nhim v chnh l phc hi cc cng trnh sau chin tranh ph

hoi v xy dng cc nh my mi loi nh

Cc hnh thc kt cu a dng kt hp thp v b tng

Tn dng cc cng trnh do nc ngoi gip : Khung kho Tip: ci tin thnh nh xng, nh th thao, ga hng khng

Ni Bi

Cc cng trnh dn dng 1-2 tng bng thp: trng hc, bnh vin canc ngoi vin tr nhn o

Ti min Nam: ch yu do phng ty gip: nh cng nghip,xng ng tu, nh cao tng khung thp ti16 tng.


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Khung kho Tip lm nh xng


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Hng ga my bay

Tn Sn Nht trc1975


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II. Nhng thnh tu v pht trin KCT t1990 n nay:

c im:

y l thi k pht trin mnh m c v xy dng thc t v l

thuyt tnh ton, tiu chun TK;

Nhiu yu t thc y vic xy dng cc cng trnh ln:

pht trin kinh t, cc s kin vn ha, th thao: SEA Games2003, Hi ngh APEC 2007


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2.1 Cc cng trnh dng KCT

2.1.1. Cc cng trnh ln:

a. Loi mi li khng gian:

Nh thi u: Nam nh, Vnh Ph, H Ni, Ninh Bnh,

Nng, Hi Phng, Tun Chu Qung Ninh

Kt cu mi khng gian ngy cng p v hin i

Kh nng ch to, dng lp tin b nhiu


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Dng lp Nh thi u Nam nh L = 42m


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Hnh 9. Mi nh biu din c heo Tun Chu


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Nh trin lm Hi Phng (60x125m)


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b. Cc cng trnh dng KC khc Nh thi u Ph Th TPHCM

Mi sn vn ng Thin Trng

Mi sn M nh: d= 1000, t = 20; L = 160 m, gin cao

9 m

Mi cupn nh thi u th thao Nng: d =400, L=100 m


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Nh thi u TDTT Ph Th TP HCM (Vm, L = 102 m)


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Mi sn vn ng Thin Trng Nam nh, L=25m


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Mi sn vn ng M nh L =160 x 9 m


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Phi cnh nh thi u Nng


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Nh thi u Nng Cupn L = 100 m


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Cng trnh c bit

Trung tm Hi ngh Quc gia, l cng trnh ln nht, ti

10000 tn thp, dn nng hai thnh, ct thp dng ch thp,

bc lp chng chy

Bo tng H Ni, s dng h sn vi dm thp treo


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Trung tm hi ngh Quc gia 33x57x33 m


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Trung tm hi ngh Quc gia


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Gin thp bo tng H Ni


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Ton nh Diamond Plaza Khung thp, bc x l caoThnh ph HCM

Nh cao tng


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Khu trung tm thng mi 5 tng ca ta nh BITEXCO (TPHCM) bng kt cu lin hp thp- b tng


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Cc nh my ln bng thp Nh my ha du Dung Qut c ng ng dn kh trn

bin di 300 Km

Nh my in C Mu, Nhn Trch, v.v.

Cc ng dy ti in 500 kv, 200 kv

B cha xng du ti 60000m3

.


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Kt cu khung gian my nh my in C Mu


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Nh my cn thp Vit Hi Dng- CTY T vn

HXD thit k , COMA ch to


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Ct ng dy ti in Bc Nam 500 kV


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Cc b cha xng du ti 30.000 M3


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2.1.2. Nh tin ch

Pht trin rng ri khp nc

Hng nghn nh xng

Nh lm vic, nh thi u th thao Nhp khc nhau: 12 mt ti gn 100 m


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Nh my ch to ktcu thp tin ch


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Kho nh my m Ph M 82 x 600 m


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2.1.3. Kt cu thnh mng to hnh ngui

Lm cc cu kin trong nh tin ch: tm mi, xg, h sn tng

Dng lm nh xng nh, nh dn dng

Nhp n 20 m


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Cc loi x g dm tng thnh mng


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Nh khung bng cu kin thnh mng


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Gin nhp ln ca Hi trng bng thanh thnh mng


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2.1.4. Thp thp

Cc ct vt trong li in 500kV, 220 kV cao ti150 m

Hng trm thp vin thng H = 60 150 m

Cc thp truyn hnh (cao nht l thp Bnh Dng ti252 m )

Ct cp treo ( Yn T, Cha Hng, B N,

Vinpearland) cao 50 -60 m Thp khoan du kh, cc cng trnh DK


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Thpv tuyn

vin thng


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Ct ng cp treo


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2.2 Thnh tu v vt liu v cng ngh chto kt cu thp

2.1.2 Vt liu thp

Luyn 30% nhu cu thp

Cn 50% nhu cu thp

Ch yu l thp cc bon mc thp


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Nhc im: Sn lng phi cn thp so vi nhu cu

Ch yu cn thp trn, thp hnh nh (< 120mm), cha cnthp tm

Thp nc ngoi:

Thp Nga CT3 (mt s xng Nh my du Dung Qut) Hn Quc, Nht JIS SS400 (nh xng, ct in)

Trung Quc: Q235, Q345 theo TC GB (SVQG M nh)

Thp Chu u theo EN: S355 (TDTT M nh); S235JR,

S355JR ( Trung tm HNQG) Thp M theo ASTM: hp kim thp A572 grade 50, thp

cun A606. Dng nhiu trong nh tin ch

Nh my thp cun: H Ni, Qung Ninh, Ph M


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Vt liu hn: Que hn, Dy hn, thuc hn : sn xut c trong nc

Ch yu theo tiu chun M: AWS Que hn E6018, E7016

Dy v thuc hn: F7XX-EXXX

Dy hn li thuc E7XT-1


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2.2.2. Cng ngh ch to

Cc nh my ch to KCT pht trin trong rng khp trnton quc

Mt s nh my c cng ngh hin i: my CNC, hn tng, dy chuyn sn xut t ng, phng phun ht, b

sn nhng, cc phng php kim tra hn t ng

C kh nng ch to KCT phc tp: mi b cha cong haichiu, gin khoan bin, gin nng nhp ln, dm cu dyvng, nt cu gin mi li khng gian

Mi giai on pht trin ban u, tnh hin i chang b, cn pht trin mnh hn p ng nhu cuthc t


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My hn t ng h quang chm loi c nh


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My ct thp CNC


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Dng lp gin nng ti Trung tm Hi ngh Quc gia(dng cu trc ln, ti 300 tn)


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2.3. Thnh tu v nghin cu v bin son cc

Tiu chun v KCT2.3.1. V nghin cu trong lnh vc KCT

Cc nghin cu gn lin vi cc cng trnh thc t:

ng dy din 500kV: kh nng chu lc ca ct, cch chto, dng lp, m in

Mi li khng gian:phng php thit k, ch to nt cu,bu lng HR, hn hi bo v, dng lp

Nh tin ch: cch tnh n nh ct vt, dm tit din thay i,thanh thnh mng


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Th nghim gi thp ccng trnh TTHNQG


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2.3.2 V bin son cc Tiu chun v KCT

a. Tiu chun Vit Nam

Lun bin son li cc Tiu chun TK ph hp vi nhu cu

sn xut Sau 3 ln bin son (1963, 1972, 1991) TCXDVN hin hnh

338:2005 c tin b rt nhiu, thc y c pht trinKCT (cc khng ch v chuyn v, thit k cc b phn nh

tin ch, tnh ton v ni thp ng, k hiu)


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b. Tiu chun nc ngoi

Cc cng trnh ca nc ngoi thit k dng theo TC ncngoi: AISC,BS, DIN, AS, JIS, Eurocode

xut bn nhiu sch v kt cu thp theo Tiu chun nc

ngoi. Cc k s Vit Nam bit s dng TC kt cu thp nc

ngoi

Nhiu nghin cu so snh cch tnh ca cc TC so vi TCVN

tm hiu v p dng


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c. Nhc im: Cha c cc TCTK cho cc kt cu c th: thanh

thnh mng, gin li khng gian

TC v nghim thu KCT cn cha (TCXD 170-87),Qui phm v hn cha c


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III. Nhng vn tn ti cn khc phc- Don nh hng pht trin

1. Cc tn ti

Lng thp sn xut c cn t, phi nhp > 50% s phi

Mi cn c thp hnh nh, ch yu l thp trn

Ch sn xut c thp cht lng thng, cha c thp cng cao, thp tm.


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Cc nh my ch to kt cu thp cn nh, trang b

thiu Cc Tiu chun trong lnh vc KCT cn thiu nhiu:

thit k, ch to, kim nh, th nghim hn, phngchng chy, bo v vt liu


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2. Hng pht trin Nh tin ch

Kt cu thp nh (thnh mng, hp kim nhm)

Kt cu dng thp ng, gin khng gian Kt cu nh cao tng

Kt cu lin hp-thp b tng


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Gs TS on nh KinPGS. TS Phm Vn Hi

Thanh Tuu ket Cau Thep

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