Thanh Duy Thuc Luan - HT Thien Sieu Dich

8/3/2019 Thanh Duy Thuc Luan - HT Thien Sieu Dich

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THNH DUY THC LUNHn Dch: Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang

Vit Dch : HT.Thin SiuMa An c P.L. 2539 1995

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www.quangduc.comChuyn sang ebook 18-7-2009

Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

Mc LcTANGHA CH THNH DUY THC

LUN THNH DUY THCI. LC NU TNG DUY THC (*)

II. PH CHP NGIII. HAI TH NG CHPIV GII THCH VN NNV. PH CHP PHPVI. PH CC THA GIO CHP PHPVII. THC BIN HIN TH NHTVIII. GII R TNG NHT THIT CHNGIX. CHNG MINH C THC TH TMX. THC BIN HIN TH HAIX. THC BIN HIN TH HAI(tip theo)

XI. THC BIN HIN TH BAXI. THC BIN HIN TH BA ( tip theo phn 1)XII. DA 15 Y X LP 10 NHNXIII. 4 DUYN NHIP 10 V 2 NHNXIV. NM QUXV. CHNH LUN V DUYN SANH PHN BITXVI. GII THCH VN NNXVII. BA T TNH
http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Duy%20Thuc%20Tong/Luan/http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Duy%20Thuc%20Tong/Luan/


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XVIII. BA V TNHXIX. NM HNH V TU CHNGXX. T LNG VXXI. GIA HNH VXXII. THNG T V

XXIII. TU TP VXXIV. CU CNH VCH THCHBA MI BI TNG DUY THC

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TA

- Mun s mun vt t u n v s i v u?

- Mun s mun vt l g m li t u n ri s i v u?

- Kia sng n ni, dy ngi vt, ka nh ka xe v.v... khng phi l mun smun vt sao?

- u phi. Hy theo di cuc m o gia vua Di lan v T kheo Na tin thxem (Vua Di lan ngi gc Hy lp, mt b tng ca lch sn i [Alexander 356-323 trc Ty lch], cai tr vng Ty Bc n, ti thng lu Ng H, khong gia th kth hai, ba trc Ty lch).

Mt hm vua n cha San kh a (Sankheyya) thm, gp T kheo Na tin, ta ch

cha ny. Vua hi:

- Bch i c, qy danh l g?

- Ngi ta gi bn tng l Na tin. Cc php hu ca bn Tng cng gi bn Tng lNa tin. Nhng l tn sung, t ra phn bit ngi n vi ngi kia m thi, chtrong ci tn khng h c ci "ta" hay ci "ca ta".

Vua ngc nhin lin phn bua vi ngi chung quanh:

- Cc v hy ghi nh li ca i c Na tin va ni. Ngi ni khng c ci ta trong

ci tn Na tin, c tin c chng?

Phn bua xong, vua hi tip:

- Bch i c, nu khng c ci "ta" trong th khi th ch cng dng y bt, vtthc v.v... ai thu nhn? Ai bo tn lun l, o ngha? Ai tham Thin nhp nh? Aihnh o nhp Nit bn? Ai gi gii? Ai phm gii" Ai to nghip? Ai chu qu? Nu c


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k git i c cng khng phm ti st sanh ? V.v... Trm cha r, mong i c giicho. Tha i c, nghe r cha?

- Tu i vng, nghe r.

- Ngi nghe khng phi l Na tin sao? Vua hi.

- Khng phi. Na tin p.

- Th th ai l Na tin? Tc trn u ngi khng phi l Na tin?

- Khng phi.

- Mt, my, da, tht ngi khng phi l Na tin?

- Khng phi.

- Mt, tai, mi, li, thn, ngi khng phi l Na tin?

- Khng phi.

- Tt c cc th y gom li khng phi l Na tin?

- Khng phi.

- Hay ngoi cc th y l Na tin?

- Khng phi?

- Th sao on trc i c bo vi trm rng ngi ta gi i c l Na tin, nhth l i c ni di?

- i c Na tin chm ri tu:

- Tu i vng! Chng hay i vng n y bng i b hay bng xe?

- Trm n bng xe, ch khi tin vo y, trm mi i b.

Nghe xong i c Na tin lin phn bua vi ngi xung quanh, xin cc v nh cho,B h ni B h n y bng xe, c th tin c khng? Phn bua xong, i c Na tinhi tip:

- Tu i vng, i vng bo rng ngi ng n bng xe, l ngi ni tht ch?

- Trm ni tht.


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- Vy xin cho bn Tng bit r xe ca B h.

- Gng c phi l xe khng?

- Khng phi.

- Trc c phi l xe khng?

- Khng phi.

- Bnh c phi l xe khng?

- Khng phi.

- Cm, thng, ch, dy cm, c phi l xe khng?

- Khng phi.

- Hay cc th y gom li l xe chng?

- Khng phi.

- Hay ngoi cc th y, cn c mt th c bit khng dnh g cc th y, gi l xe?

- Khng phi.

i c dng giy lt ri tu:

- Ny gi bn Tng gn hi tng tn cc th, B h u tr li l khng phi xe.Nh vy sao va ri i vng ni vi bn Tng l i vng n bng xe. iu tng ng ng vc lm! Xin qi v xung quanh hy lm chng cho.

Qua cu chuyn m o thm thy, sng ng, th v , thy rng Na tinch l tn sung, ch khng c Na tin tht; xe cng l ci tn sung, ch khng c xetht. Na tin nh vy, xe nh vy, th ni, sng, cy, c, ngi, vt cng u nh th.Chng u l gi tng hin hu gia cc mi tng quan tng duyn, ch khng thtc.

khng tht c th cn l do g hi, n c t u v s i v u, c t bao gi,v bao gi tiu mt. Ai li ng ngn i tm cho ra mt Na tin khng tht, mt chic xekhng tht, coi th c t u v i v u?

Th nhng ti sao ta vn thy xe, thy ngi, vn thy c mi s tc dng?

l do thc bin. Cc duyn hp li l cc duyn hp li ch sao li thnh xe,thnh ngi, thnh ni, sng, cy c, thnh cc vi v.v...? Cc duyn khng phi xe, c


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sao hp li, li thnh xe; cc duyn khng phi ngi, c sao hp li thnh ngi?Nhng ci khng phi xe hp li thnh xe, nhng ci khng phi ngi hp li thnhngi. Vy cc hn hp li sao khng thnh cm?

V li khi nhng th khng phi xe hp li, sao khng gi l phi xe m li gi l

xe? Nhng th khng phi ngi hp li, sao khng gi l phi ngi m li gi lngi? D ni th hay ni phi u khng ng. V c th xe mi c phi xe, c th ngimi c phi ngi, ch th xe tm khng thy, th lm sao c phi xe, th ngi tm khng ra th lm sao c phi ngi? Vy th hay phi u do thc bin. Na tin l thc bin,xe l thc bin, ni, sng, ngi, vt v.v... l thc bin. La ngoi thc th khng mttng g hin hu, cho nn kinh ni: "Vn php duy thc"; v l thc bin, th Na tinch l thc, xe ch l thc, ni, sng, ngi, vt ch l thc. Tt c ch l thc. u ch lthc th bnh ng dung thng, khng trong khng ngoi, khng xa khng nay, khngln khng nh v.v... Nh C c ni:" V bin ct hi t tha bt cch mao oan, thpth c kim thy chung bt ly ng nim" (mun vn th gii cng trn u mylng, c kip xa nay khng la ngoi mt nim).

Nhng bin thc c hai cch:

1. Nhn duyn bin c nhn duyn mi hin hu, nh si dy hin hu c doc duyn gai k hp li, c tng c dng, ch khng phi nh lng ra, sng th. Mihin hu trong th gian cng vy, do thc phn bit danh tng, sc, tm, hun tp voTng thc nhiu i nhiu kip thnh chng t (tp kh, thi quen) c hu, nn khi thcmng khi th lin hin ra cc tng ng nh khi c hun tp vo Tng thc, vtrong t phn bit ra Kin phn c nng lc nhn bit v Tng phn l i tng canhn bit. Kin, Tng phn nh vy l nhn duyn bin. y, tt c ch c thy v bthy, bit v b bit, ch khng g khc. Khng c g l ni, sng, ngi, vt. l nhn

duyn bin.2. Phn bit bin - tc nhng iu do vng tnh phn bit bin ra, hon ton ch quan

o tng, nh i p nhm si dy tng lm l con rn, hoc nh ngi b bnh cunglon thy cnh gii thay i khc vi ngy thng. Cng nh th, Kin phn bit vTng phn b bit ni trn khng phi l ng v php; ngi v vt, nhng tm phmphu phn bit sai lm cho o l ng v php, l ngi v vt. Nu tng ng php nyc hun tp mi vo Tng thc thnh chng t c sn, th khi thc mng khi ln linthy ng php.

Nhng g do phn bit bin th d thay i, loi b, nhng g nhn duyn bin thkh thay i loi b. V nhng g do tm thc ring ca mi ngi bin ra, gi l bitbin, th d thay i; cn nhng g do nhiu tm thc ca nhiu hu tnh chung bin ra,gi l cng bin, th kh thay i.

Tt c mi tng m ta gi l hin hu, u l tng hin hu ca thc theo hai cch bin ra. l Duy thc bin. Ni Duy thc bin cng ng ngha vi ni " y thcbin". Nh cu tng th ba trong lun ny ni: "B y thc s bin", tc cc php kianng thc bin ra, hay nng thc khi ln.


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Ht thy khng t hin hu m ch hin hu gia cc mi quan h, gia cc duyn,theo Tnh Khng th gi l Duyn khi hay Duyn sanh, theo Php Tng Duy Thctng th gi l "y tha khi". Duy thc bin, y thc bin cng tc y thc khi. Ni y thal nng ci khc, ci khc l phim ch, cn ni y thc l ch tc l thc, ch nh cth. Thc l mt trong nhng ci duyn cho cc hin hu, nhng thc l ci duyn c

bit, r rt bao qut hn c, cho nn y khng ni y tha khi chung chung m nithng "y thc bin, y thc khi", hay "A li gia duyn khi".

Ni y thc bin cn c tc dng c bit l i tr ci bnh vng ngoi tha ha, xoay nhn li mnh, thy li mnh vn l ch nhn ng ca mi hin hu, nh thy li bnlai din mc. T chuyn b dn li thy bit sai lm gy au kh, thnh ci Tr tu Btnh, tr i vin cnh, xy dng cnh gii an vui t ti.

o l Duy tm, Duy thc ny c ni nhiu trong cc kinh. V o Pht l och trng ch tm, ly tm truyn tm, tm l gc ca m ng, nh kinh Php C ni:"Tm l ch, tm dn u cc php, tm to tc, ni hay lm vi tm nhim th s kh

s ko n nh bnh xe ln theo chn con vt ko..." Hoc nh kinh Hoa Nghim ni"Nht thit duy tm to". Kinh Lng gi ni: "Do t tm chp trc, tm hin t cnh bnngoi, cnh c thy chng phi c tht, th nn ni Duy tm". Kinh Gii Thm mtni: " Cnh s duyn ca cc thc, u do cc thc hin" v bit bao ch tm ch thc,nh ch thc duyn danh sc, A li gia, thc thc v.v... tham, sn. si, nh thc v.v... trongcc kinh u c din t nh l ngun gc ca mi s mi vt.

Cc B phi Pht gio khai trin v h thng ho cc th tm y, r nt nht l phiHu b h thng ho thnh 75 php, trong tm l ch yu. n Du gi S a Lun hthng ha thnh 200 php, n Duy thc tng th rt li cn 100 php, gom vo nm v,trong Tm thc l ch.

Nm v 100 php l:

1. Sc l tng ca thc nhn bit, ngoi thc th khng c tng sc.

2. Tm vng l t th ca thc.

3. Tm s l quyn thuc, s thuc ca thc.

4. Bt tng ng hnh l ci bng ca Sc, Tm, Tm s hp li.

5. V vi php l thc tnh ca thc.100 php u l thc, lin h vi thc mi c c.

C ngi ng rng: Sng kia ni n khi ta cha sanh n c, khi ta cht ri n vncn, th sao gi l thc bin? hoc nh chic my vi tnh, khi khoa hc cha ch ra thkhng ai bit, khi khoa hc ch ra ri ngi ta mi bit, th sao gi l thc bin?


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u bit rng sng kia ni n khi ta cha sanh n c, khi ta cht ri n vn cn,vy n l c vi ai? Cn vi ai? Ai bit n c? ai bit n cn? Nu khi ta ang sng tronghin ti m bit c ni sng khi ta cha sanh hay sau khi ta cht, th l ci bit theotng tng, m tng tng th u phi ngoi thc.

V li ni kia sng n l c, my vi tnh l c, ci c c ging ci c ca Na tindi mt vua Di lan , hay ci c ca chic xe di mt Na tin khng? Nu ci c cng ging ci c ca Na tin di mt vua Di lan , ci c ca chic xe di mt Natin, th u l ci c do thc bin.

Khng phi ni m thy ni, l thc bin. Khng phi sng m thy sng, l thcbin. Khng phi vy m thy vy, l thc bin.

xin dng o l Duy thc mt cch h thng cht ch, u th k th nm Tylch, B tt Thin Thn (Vasubandhu) da cc kinh i tha A t t ma, Nhp LngGi, Gii Thm Mt, nht l lun Du gi S a, Hin Dng Thnh Gio, Nhip i

Tha, Bin Trung Bin v.v... m vit ra 30 bi tng ngn gn, nhng ni dung ht scphong ph. C th chia lm bn phn sau y:

- Phn u Ph chp ng php, tc thuc Bin k s chp tnh.

- Phn hai - Ging k v Duy thc tng, tc thuc Y tha khi tnh.

- Phn ba - Ging v ba V tnh, tc Duy thc tnh, thuc Vin thnh tht tnh.

- Phn bn - Ging v s tu chng qua nm hnh v.

Hoc theo xa c nhiu cch chia, nh: Trong ba mi bi tng, hai mi bn biu ni v Tng Duy thc, bi th hai mi lm ni v Tnh Duy thc, nm bi cuicng ni Hnh v tu chng Duy thc.

Trong hai mi bn bi u; mt bi ri u lc ni Tng Duy thc, hai mihai bi ri sau ni rng v Tng Duy thc.

Ba t tnh; Bin k s chp, Y tha khi v Vin thnh tht c ngha khng khc g ngha "khng, gi, trung" trong bi tng Trung lun:" Nhn duyn s danh php, ngthuyt tc th khng, th danh vi gi danh, dic danh Trung o ngha". Bin k s chpng php, l "khng", Tm, Tm s v Kin tng phn Y tha khi huyn s l "gi",

Vin thnh tht tc chn nh l "trung".Ngi Long Th ng trn chn khng v tng, Vin thnh tht tnh m ph Bin

k chp. Ngi Th Thn ng trn Duy thc Y tha khi ph Bin k chp. Hai phngthuc cng cha mt bnh, bnh o tng v tht ng, tht php.

Lun s Thanh Bin v ph vng tnh chp c, cho nn ni ht thy php u khng.Lun s H php, v ph vng tnh chp khng, cho nn ni ht thy php Duy thc


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huyn c. Ni khng ph c, ni c ph khng, u cng mc ch a tri kinngi ta ti ch ng nhp tht tng Trung o, la t c tuyt bch phi.

Ni Duy thc khng, nhng khng phi ngng li ni khng, nu ngng li nikhng th thnh c th khng. Ni Duy thc c, nhng khng phi ngng li ni Duy

thc c, nu ngng li ni Duy thc c, tc l php chp. Nh trong lun Thnh Duythc ny cun hai ni: "Nu chp Duy thc l tht c, th khng khc g chp ngoi cnh,cng l php chp".

B tt Thin Thn vit xong 30 bi tng Duy thc ny vo lc cui i mnh, chakp gii thch. S d c c s gii thch chi ly nh ngy nay cn thy c l do miv i lun s ni nhau ch gii.

Trong mi i lun s ny, ngi Thn Thng, Ha Bin l ng thi Thin Thn,cch hn 100 nm sau ngi Thin Thn, c tm i lun s l c Hu, An Hu, Nan, Tnh Nguyt, Thng Hu, Trn Na, Tr Nguyt v t ngi Trn Na l ngi H

Php, cng nhau tip tc gii thch, mi v mi quyn, mi v thnh 100 quyn.Ngi Huyn Trang sau 16 nm du hc n v Trung Hoa rt yu ngha ca 100

quyn lun kia, dch ra Hoa vn tm gn trong mi quyn. Trong mi quyn ny lngha ch yu l ca ngi H Php, cho nn ni b Lun Thnh Duy Thc mi quynny do H Php v.v... to. Chnh ngi Gii Hin, ch tr trng i hc Pht gio Na lan lc ngi Huyn Trang sang n hc l t ca ngi H Php. Ngi Gii Hin truyn cho ngi Huyn Trang mn hc Duy thc ny.

Ni n Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang th i a s ngi u bit, hoc bit quatiu s, qua Ty Du K hay bit qua phim Ty Du, ng Tam Tng thnh kinh. D qua

cch no ngi ta cng thy ngi l mt bc v nhn hy hu. Nh hc gi Nguyn HinL vit v ngi nh vy: "c xong tiu s ca ng, ta mi thy tm gng ca ng li cho ta soi khng c mt cht vt. Cc v nhn khc, tr vi v Thnh, cn c th cch cho ta khng phc, cn ng th sut i thanh m, can m, cn c, hiu hc, l ,khim tn, trong sch v hy sinh".

Ngi khng nhng l mt Thnh Tng, mt B tt trong Pht gio, m cn l mtnh s hc, vn hc, tm l hc, trit hc v.v... mt no cng v i.

Th nhng c mt iu t ngi bit n, l cng trnh dch thut v tin khonghu ca ngi khng km chi cuc mo him i thnh kinh v tin khong hu ca ngi.

Tht vy, vi Phn vn kh nh th, Hoa vn kh nh th, o l kh nh th mngi dch rt nhiu kinh sch Pht hn bt c ai.

T n ngi mang v Trung Hoa 520 hm gm 657 b kinh Pht bng Phn vn.T khi v nc cho n khi gc bt quy Ty, sut 19 nm rng m thm chuyn dch,ngi dch c 75 b gm 1335 cun, trong ch yu l kinh i Bt Nh 600 cun,


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i T b sa lun 200 cun, Du gi S a Lun 100 cun, Cu x Lun 30 cun, HinDng Thnh Gio lun 20 cun, Thnh Duy Thc Lun 10 cun v.v...

Gio l i tha Pht gio c ba h, mt l h "Php Tnh Khng Tu" vi cc bkinh nh i Bt Nh 600 cun v.v... hai l h "Php Tng Duy Thc" vi cc b lun

Du gi S a 100 cun, Hin Dng Thnh Gio lun 20 cun, Thnh Duy Thc Lun10 cun v.v... ba l h "Php Gii Vin Gic" vi cc b kinh Vin Gic, Hoa nghim,Php Hoa, Nit bn v.v...

Trong ba h , ngi Huyn Trang dch ra ht chn phn mi cc kinh lun thuch "Php Tnh Khng Tu" v "Php Tng Duy Thc". Hai h gio l ny tuy cchtrnh by khc nhau rt xa, nhng cng nhm mt ch ch l ph ng php chp, hinby Trung o tht tng. Nh lun Thnh Duy Thc ny cun hai ni: "Cc Tm, Tms, v l php Y tha khi, nn cng nh huyn s, chng phi tht c. V khin tr bnhvng chp c tht cnh la ngoi Tm, Tm s nn ni Duy c Thc. Nu li chp Duythc l tht c, th chng khc g chp ngoi cnh, cng l php chp". Cun by li ni:

"Trc y ni cc thc tng sai bit l da theo l th tc (Tc ) m ni, ch khngphi da Chn thng ngha (Chn ). Trong Chn thng ngha th tm suy ming niu bt dt". Nh th r rng l ngha cui cng ca h Bt nh v h Du gi c g khcnhau u.

Chc hn thm ng ch , nn ngi Huyn Trang dch c kinh i Bt nhln lun Du gi mt cch dung thng t ti, khng vng mc thin lch, nng bn nynh bn kia.

Thi khng thin lch ny, ngi bc l ngay khi cn hc ti n . Khi clun s S T Quang tn Trung Qun m kch bc Du gi, ngi hi thng c Trung

Qun v Du gi vit ra bi lun Hi Tng 3000 bi tng ph chnh li bnh thinchp khng ca S T Quang.

B lun Thnh Duy Thc ny l b lun Cng yu ca mn Duy thc hc, trnhby l Duy thc theo lun php Nhn minh vi nhng t ng mi l, gin c, ngha lkhc chit, kin ca cc Lun s an xen chng cht, hi p khng phn ranh gii rrng, c khi cu hi n trong cu p, dng nhiu i danh t b, th, do d tht kh lnghiu cho chu o. ng nh li tn thn ca lun Duy thc xu yu: "Vn tng hm nht t, thin hun ging nht ngn".

Ti dch b lun Thnh Duy Thc ny, trc ht v lng ngng m chn dung ngi

Huyn Trang, sau l gp phn vi cc v ang nghin cu hoc ang ging dy Duythc c sch c bn v Duy thc tham kho d dng hn. Lun Duy Thc hay Cu xc kh nng lm sng ngha nhng cu Pht dy trong cc kinh Nikaya, A hm nh cu:"Chng sanh nng bn cch n m tn ti. Trong c "thc thc". Hay "Hnh duynthc", hay "Th, Non, thc", vy thc cu l thc no? Khng c Thnh Duy Thctng kh ni cho r.


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Duy thc ca ngi Th Thn to thnh b lun Duy thc. l do Gio thnh Gio, nngi l Thnh Duy thc.

Thnh Duy thc cng gi l Tnh Duy thc, v b lun ny ging gii r rng rt roo l Duy thc.

Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang sau khi du hc n mang v Trung Hoa (602 644), rt ly li gii ca mi v i lun s dn li v dch ra thnh b lun Thnh DuyThc mi cun, lu truyn n nay.

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LUN THNH DUY THC

Ci ly Duy thc tnh,

ng thanh tnh trn, phn.

Ti nay gii li ngi.

V li lc hu tnh. (1)

- Nay to Lun ny ct lm cho ngi m mui v hiu sai l "nh khng" (ngkhng, php khng) c tr li hiu ng, hiu ng on tr hai trng chng. Dong chp, php chp nn pht sinh hai trng chng, nu chng l ng khng, phpkhng th trng chng kia lin on dit. Chng on dit v chng c hai v ththng. Do on dit chng phin no l th lm cho sanh t tng tc m chng qu

chn gii thot, do on dit chng s tri l th lm ngn ngi s liu gii cnh s tri,m chng c qu i B .

Li v khai th cho ngi lm chp ng, php tht c, m l Duy thc, khin ht ng l Nh khng, bit ng nh thc l Duy thc.

- Li c ngi m v lm l Duy thc, nn hoc chp ngoi cnh ging nh thcchng phi khng, hoc chp ni thc ging nh cnh chng phi c, hoc chp cc thcdng th khc m th th ng, hoc chp la ngoi tm, khng ring c Tm s. V ngnchn cc th d chp nh th, khin h hiu ng nh tht l Duy thc thm diu, chonn to Lun ny. (2)

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I. LC NU TNG DUY THC (*)

Hi: Nu ch c Thc th ti sao ngi th gian v trong Thnh gio u ni cng v php?

Tng p:

Do gi ni ng php,C tng ng php chuyn,Chng nng thc bin hin,Thc Nng bin c ba,L D thc, T lng,V thc Liu bit cnh.

Lun rng: Th gian v Thnh gio ni c ng v php, ch l do gi ni, ch chngphi c tht tnh. Ng ngha l ch t, php ngha l qy tr. hai th y u c cc tng

chuyn bin hin ra. Ng c cc tng nh l hu tnh, mng gi v.v... D lu, Nht laiv.v... Php c cc tng nh l Tht, c, Nghip v.v.. Un, X, Gii v.v... Chuynngha l ty theo duyn th thit ra cc tng khc nhau.

Hi: - Cc tng nh th nu do gi thuyt, th nng vo u c thnh githuyt?

p: - Cc tng ng php nh th u nng vo s chuyn bin ca thc m githi thit.

- Thc ngha l liu bit, nhn thc. Trong y ni thc cng bao gm c Tm s, v

n tng ng nhau vy.

- Bin ngha l thc th chuyn bin ra hai phn tng t l Tng phn v Kinphn. V Tng v Kin u nng T chng phn ca thc m khi ln, ri nng haiphn Kin, Tng ny m thi thit ng v php. Ng v php kia la hai phn Kin,Tng ny th khng c ch nng (tc phn bit gi).

Hoc li do ni thc chuyn bin thnh t ngoi cnh, v do nng lc phn bit huntp v ng php, nn khi cc thc sanh khi lin bin thnh ra tng t ng, tng tphp. Tng ng php tuy ni thc, nhng do phn bit m hin ra tng t nh lcnh bn ngoi (nhn duyn gi). Cc loi hu tnh t v th n nay, duyn theo tng

t ng t php , chp cho l tht ng, tht php. Nh ngi chim bao, do sc chimbao m trn tm h hin ra cc tng t nh l cnh bn ngoi, ri duyn theo hchp cho l tht c ngoi cnh.

Ci tht ng, tht php ca k ngu phu chp trc ny u khng c tht c, n chty theo vng tnh m ba t ra, cho nn ni n l gi (phn bit bin, phn bit gi). Nithc bin ra t ng t php, tuy c m khng phi tht c tnh ng php, nhng t nh lc ng php hin ra, nn ni l gi (nhn duyn bin, nhn duyn gi).


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Ngoi cnh theo vng tnh m ba t ch chng phi c nh thc, cn ni thc chcchn nng nhn duyn sanh, nn chng phi khng nh cnh. Nh bn ngn chai th chp l chp tng v chp gim (ng php khng m chp cho l tht c, lchp tng. Ni thc c m li chp cho l khng, l chp gim).

Cnh nng ni thc m gi lp, cho nn n ch c trn mt th tc (Tc ), cnthc l ch nng ca gi cnh, nn n cng c trn mt thng ngha (l rt ro). (3)

(*) Cc tiu mc, cc s th t v cc ch "hi p" l do ngi dch thm vo.

---o0o---

II. PH CHP NG

- Lm sao bit c tht khng c ngoi cnh, ch c ni thc sanh ra t nh ngoicnh, nn khng th c tht ng, tht php?

- Th no l khng th c tht ng?

- Chp tht ng lc c ba th:

1. Chp ng th thng hng chu bin, lng ng vi h khng, ty ni tonghip m th kh, th vui.

2. Chp ng th ty thng m lng th bt nh, ty theo thn ln nh m n cdn ra hoc rt li.

3. Chp ng th thng nhng rt vi t nh mt cc vi, n thm chuyn dch trongthn, to tc s nghip.

- Li chp ng th nht y khng ng l. V sao? Chp ng l thng hng chubin, lng ng vi h khng, th l ng ng y khng theo chn chu s kh vui.Li ng l thng, l bin th l ng ng y khng ng chuyn, nh th lm sao ng yc th theo thn to tc cc nghip?

Li ci ng b chp l ng hay l khc gia cc loi hu tnh? Nu ni ng, thkhi mt ng ca hu tnh ny lm, l ng tt c ng ca cc hu tnh khc u lm, khimt ng th qu th l ng tt c ng khc u th, khi ng ca hu tnh ny c gii

thot, th l ng tt c ca ng ca cc hu tnh khc u c gii thot? Nu vy, thmc li ln. Cn nu ni khc th, m cc ng ca cc hu tnh li cng bin khp, th thth ca cc ng cng ln ln nhau. Li khi mt ng tc nghip, mt ng th qu, mng v cng vi cc ng khc mt ch khng ring bit, th l ng phi gi l tt cng tc nghip, tt c ng th qu. Nu cho rng tc nghip, th qu u c s thucring, nn khng mc li y th l cng khng ng. Bi v ng th ca cc hu tnh bin khp, thi nghip, qu v thn cng vi ng th ca cc hu tnh hp lm mt,


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m nu tc nghip th qu ch thuc ng ny, chng phi thuc ng kia, th cng khngng l.

Khi mt ng ca hu tnh ny gii thot, tt c ng ca cc hu tnh khc l ngu c gii thot, v php tu chng hp mt vi tt c ng vy.

- Li chp ng th hai cng phi l. V sao? V chp ng th l thng tr. thngtr th khng c th theo chn m c s dn ra v rt li. Nu n c s dn ra v rt lith n khng khc gi trong ng b, khng th thng tr c. Li ng theo thn thng y c th chia ch nh thn, nh vy lm sao c th chp ng th l mt c?

- Li chp ng th ba cng phi l. V sao? V lng ca ng rt nh nh mt my vitrn, nh th th lm sao ng c th khin c thn to ln chuyn ng? Nu ni ng tuynh nhng tun chuyn rt nhanh trong thn, ging nh vng la quay, nn nh tung nchuyn ng trong thn, th thi ci ng chng phi mt, chng phi thng, v ci gc qua li chyn ng th u chng phi thng nht vy.

- Li c ba th chp ng:

1. Chp ng tc un.

2. Chp ng la un.

3. Chp ng chng phi tc chng phi la un.

- Th nht, chp ng tc un, khng ng l. V ng y nn ging nh un, chngphi thng, nht. Li cc sc trong thn chng phi l tht ng, v n ging nh cc sc

ngoi thn, c s cht ngi.Cn Tm, Tm s php cng chng phi tht ng, v i c cc duyn, Tm, Tm s

mi pht sinh, n khng hng thng tng tc c.

Cc php Bt tng ng hnh, cc sc thuc php x nhip khc, cng chng phitht ng, v n ging nh h khng, khng c tnh gic tri (khng gic tri th u phing).

- Th hai, chp ng la un, cng khng ng l. V ng la un th n cng nh hkhng, khng c tc nghip v th qu.

- Th ba, chp ng chng phi tc un, chng phi la un, cng khng ng l. Vcho rng ng nng un mi lp, chng phi tc un la un th ng ging nh cibnh (bnh do dt lm ra, bnh khng l t, cng khng la t m c), chng phi l thtng. Li khng th ni ng thuc hu vi hay v vi (ng tc l un th thuc hu vi, ngla un th thuc v vi. y ng chng tc nm un chng phi la nm un, tc khngth ni l hu vi hay v vi), th cng khng th ni l ng hay phi ng.


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Th nn, cc li chp ng trn khng thnh.

- Li cc ng th c chp cho l tht c , l n c t l hay khng t l? Nung c t l th v thng, v khng phi lc no cng c t l. Nu ng khng t l thging nh h khng, khng th tc nghip v th qu. Cho nn li chp ng khng

thnh.- Li cc ng th c chp cho l tht c , n c tc dng hay khng tc dng?

Nu c tc dng th ng ging nh tay chn, l phi v thng. Nu khng tc dng thng ging nh sng th, khng phi l tht ng. Th nn chp ng chng tc un, chngla un cng khng thnh.

- Li cc ng th c chp cho c tht , n c phi l cnh s duyn ca ng kinchng? Nu n khng l cnh s duyn ca ng kin th cc ng ln sao bit l thtng? Nu ng l cnh s duyn ca ng kin th l ra ai c ng kin l ngi chng thucvo hng ngi in o, v h bit ng nh tht (nu c tht ng, th ngi no chp c

ng, c ng kin, l ngi bit ng nh tht, ch khng phi in o). Nu th, thti sao ngi chp c ng li b k tin vo ch gio v ng ch bai v ch xng tn ngikhng chp ng rng: "Khng chp ng th c th chng Nit bn, ngi chp ng th btrm lun sanh t", ch u c th ngi c t kin chp ng li chng Nit bn, cnngi chnh kin khng chp ng li b trm lun sanh t!

- Li cc ng kin khng th duyn tht ng, v n c s duyn, ging nh tmduyn cc php khc. Li s duyn ca ng khin nht nh khng phi l tht ng, v nl s duyn, nh cc php sc, hng v.v... Th nn ng kin khng duyn tht ng, chduyn cc un do ni thc bin hin, ri ty theo vng tnh so o chp trc ny n. (4)

---o0o---III. HAI TH NG CHP

- Nhng tt c ng chp lc c hai th:

1. Cu sanh.

2. Phn bit.

- Ng chp cu sanh l ng chp t v th n nay do sc h vng hun tp bn trong

tm, n cng mt ln sinh ra vi thn, ch khng i c t gio v t phn bit mi sinh,m l nhm vn chuyn bin hin khi, nn gi l Cu sanh. Loi Cu sanh ny c hai:

1. Thng tng tc, tc thc th by duyn kin phn ca thc th tm, khi lntng kin phn ca thc th tm y trn t thc th by v chp ly tng lm thtng.


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2. C gin on, tc thc th su duyn vo tng nm th un c bin hin trnt thc n, hoc duyn chung c nm th un hoc duyn ring tng th un, khi lntng dng y trn t thc, ri chp ly tng lm tht ng. hai th cu sanh ng chpny vi t nn kh on tr. V sau trong giai on tu o, thng thng tu tp phpqun sanh khng th thng (nhn v ng, tu o v qun l sanh khng su hn kin

o v, nn gi l thng sanh khng qun) mt cch trit mi c th on tr c.- Ng chp phn bit cng do sc ca duyn hin ti bn ngoi, n chng cng mt

ln sanh ra vi thn, m phi i c t gio v t phn bit mi sanh khi c, nn gil phn bit. Th ng chp phn bit ny ch c thc. y cng c hai:

Mt l duyn t gio ni v tng nm un, ri khi ln tng y trn t tm vphn bit so o chp ly tng lm tht ng. Hai l duyn t gio ni v tng ng, rikhi tng y trn t tm, v phn bit so o chp ly tng lm tht ng.

Hai th ng chp phn bit ny th ph nn d on tr. Trong lc tu tng kin

o, qun tt c php l sanh khng chn nh (nhn v ng), tc c th on tr.Tt c ng chp v nm th un nu trn, i vi th un bn ngoi t tm th

hoc c, hoc khng, cn i vi nm th un khi ln bn trong t tm th u c (thun bn ngoi t tm hoc c, hoc khng, l nh chp c tht ng ngoi tm, th ng th hon ton khng c, ging nh lng ra; cn chp cc th un do nhn duyn, y thakhi lm ng, th un l tht c, song tm duyn khng ti, v n l s s duyn, nncng gi l ngoi tm. Ngha th hai l nh thc th by duyn thc th tm, chp lmng, thc th tm ngoi thc th by, n c tht, cn thc th su i thc th tm thkhng duyn ti, tc l khng. Nhng bn cht th un s s duyn th hoc c, hockhng c tht; cn nh tng tng phn th un c bin ra trn t thc m duyn

th nh tng y lun lun l c).Th nn bit ng chp u duyn theo tng nm th un v thng m vng chp

l ng. Nhng cc tng un y u t duyn sanh, chng ch c mt cch nh huyn,v so o sai quy chp nm th un l ng, th ng quyt nh chng phi c tht.Cho nn Kh kinh ni: "B s nn bit, cc th ng kin ca hng Sa mn, B la mntrong th gian, tt c u duyn theo tng nm th un m khi ra". (5)

---o0o---

IV GII THCH VN NN

Hi: - Nu khng c tht ng lm sao c cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on?

p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n thng hng khng bin i, th lc sauging nh lc trc, cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on chng th no c c. Hoclc trc ging nh lc sau, cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on lun lun chng lc nokhng; v sau vi trc, ng th khng sai khc vy. Nu cho rng ng dng trc sau


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bin dch ch chng phi ng th, l cng khng ng. V dng khng la th, dng nnphi thng nh th, th khng la dng, th nn chng phi thng nh dng.

Nhng cc hu tnh mi mi u c bn thc th tm, trc sau nht loi tng tc,t gi gn chng t, chng t cng vi tt c php hin hnh lm nhn cho nhau, do

sc hun tp m c c cc vic nh, bit v.v...Do th, li ct nn ca ng va ri l c li i vi tng ch ca ng, ch khng phi

vi tng ch ca ti.

Hi: - Nu khng c tht ng th ai to nghip, ai chu qu bo?

p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n khng bin dch nh h khng, th lm saon c th to nghip chu qu bo? Nu ng c bin dch th l v thng (u phi thtng).

Nhng cc loi hu tnh, do sc nhn duyn ca Tm, Tm s tng tc khng ginon, nn c vic to nghip v chu qu bo. iu ny i vi l khng tri.

Hi: - Ng nu khng c th ci g sanh t lun hi trong cc th? Ai chn kh cu chng Nit bn?

p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n khng sanh dit, nh th lm sao c th nin sanh t lun hi. Ng thng nh h khng, th khng b kh bc no, c g phichn b cu chng Nit bn. Cho nn li ng ni ch lm hi ng thi.

Song cc loi hu tnh, thn tm tip tc do phin no nghip lc, nn c s lun hi

cc th v chn b kh cu chng Nit bn.Do th nn bit chc chn khng c tht ng, ch c cc thc, t v th n nay, trc

dit sau sanh, nhn qu tip ni, do vng tnh hun tp, m c tng ng tng t hin ra,k ngu trong chp quy cho ng l tht. (6)

---o0o---

V. PH CHP PHP

- Th no ngoi thc khng c php tht?

- V php bn ngoi thc nh ca ngoi o v cc tha gio khc chp, ng lth n chng phi c.

- Php ca ngoi o chp ti sao khng c?

Phi s lun chp: "Ng l t", n th dng 24 php nh Gic i v.v... Ba c Tta, Lt x, p ma (dng, trn, m, hay tham, sn, si) hp li to thnh v.v... Nhng


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php Gic i v.v... do ba s gc l Tt a, Lt x, p ma hp thnh, l tht chngphi gi, hin lng nm bt c.

Li chp kia phi l. V sao? V cc php Gic i v.v... do ba s gc nh vy hpthnh, th n ging nh o qun hay m rng, l gi ch chng phi tht, lm sao c

th ni php l hin lng nm bt c?Li cc php Gic i v.v... nu l tht c th n nh ba s gc ( l Tt a, Lt x,

p ma), chng phi do ba s gc hp thnh. Li Tt a v.v... cng chnh l Gic iv.v... th ng l n cng nh Gic i v.v... phi do ba s gc hp thnh v cng chuynbin v thng nh Gic i.

Li ba s gc l Tt a, Lt x, p ma, mi ci c nhiu cng nng, vy th ncng phi nhiu, v cng nng v th l mt vy. Li ba th u bin khp, th khi mt ch chuyn bin thi cc ch khc l phi cng chuyn bin, v th khng khc nhauvy. Cn nh ba s y, th v tng u khc nhau, th th lm sao ha hp chung thnh

mt tng? V khng l khi ha hp bin lm mt tng, cng vi khi cha ha hp, thkhng khc nhau. Nu cho rng ba s , th tuy khc m tng ng, th bn tri vi tnch ca ng ch trng th v tng l mt. Th nn nh tng, m thm l mt; tngnn nh th, r rt l ba. Cho nn khng th ni ba th hp thnh mt tng.

Li ba s sai bit, Gic i v.v.. l tng. Tng v bit chung mt, nn chng phimt, chng phi ba. Khi ba s bin chuyn nu khng ha hp thnh mt tng, thnn nh khi cha bin chuyn, lm sao ta li hin thy l mt sc tng v.v... ? Nu ba sha hp thnh mt tng, th l mt bit tng gc v th cng phi theo mt lun.

Khng th ni ba s u c hai tng, l mt tng mt bit, v tng tc l bit, tng

cng phi l ba, nh th lm sao li thy mt? Nu cho rng ba th u c ba tng haln kh bit, nn thy l mt th cng khng c; v c ba tng th u cn c ththy l mt, li lm sao bit ba s c khc?

Nu kia mi mi th u ba tng, th nn mi mi s u c th thnh c sc,thanh v.v... ch c thiu g m phi i ba s ha hp. V mi th cng nn c ba tng,v th tc l tng vy.

Li cc php Gic i v.v... u do ba s hp thnh, ln lt i vi nhau khng csai bit, th thi nhn qu, ng duy lng, ng i, cc cn mi mi u khng sai bit.Nu khng sai bit th mt cn c th nhn bit c tt c cnh, hoc mt cnh m tt c

cn u nhn bit c, th thi hin thy bng hin lng, t lng cc vt tnh phi tnh,tnh, u trong th gian, u khng sai khc nhau. Nh th l c li ln.

Cho nn bit tht php ca phi S lun kia chp khng thnh, n ch do vng tnhso o chp cho l c thi. (7)

Pho thng lun chp: "Cc c ngha nh Tht, c v.v... phn nhiu l c tht vc t tnh, hin lng nm bt c".


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Cc tnh ng d ca t, nc, la, gi i vi cc th t, nc, la, gi, qua lict nn, chun theo y nn bit. Nh tnh ng d ca Tht v.v... khng ring c tnhng d ngoi Tht v.v... lm cho n thnh tnh ng d, th ngoi "Tht" v.v... cngkhng nn ring c tnh ng d ca Tht lm cho Tht, c, Nghip thnh ng d.Nu la Tht ring c tnh ng d ca Tht, thi l ra la phi Tht nn ring c tnh phi

ng d ca phi Tht. Nhng kia khng th, th sao y li th? Cho nn bit "ng dtnh", ch l gi ba t.

Li c ngha "ho hp" ca phi Thng lun kia chp chc chn khng phi tht c(tn), v n nhip vo cc php phi tht v.v... (nhn), v nh ci hon ton khng (d).

Phi Thng lun kia cho rng: "Tht v.v... do hin lng nhn bit", ly l suy xt ncn chng phi tht c, hung chi c ngha "ha hp" m theo h khng phi hin lngnhn bit, th u li c th tht c? Gi s cho c ngha ha hp l cnh hin lng nhnbit, th bi l l va ni, n cng chng phi tht c.

Nhng cc c ngha Tht v.v... kia chng phi l t th tht c ngoi thc do hinlng nhn bit (tn), v h cho n l ci b bit (nhn), v nh lng ra (d).

Li tr duyn "Tht c" chng phi nhip vo tr hin lng duyn t th tht c ngoi thc (tn), v n gi ha hp sanh (nhn), v nh tr duyn "c c" (d) v.v... nirng cho n tr duyn "ha hp c" cng chng phi nhip vo tr hin lng duyn tth "ha hp c" ngoi thc (tn), v n gi ha hp sanh (nhn), v nh tr duyn "Thtc" (d).

Do nn bit "Tht c ngha v.v..." ca phi Thng lun chp cng ch l theo vngtnh ba t ra. (8)

- Li c ngi chp c mt "i T Ti thin c tht th bin khp thng hng,sanh ra vn vt". Li chp kia cng phi l. V sao? V nu l ci g nng sinh th chcchn ci l v thng, cc ci v thng th chc chn khng th bin khp, cc cikhng bin khp th khng phi tht hu. V ci g th l thng, bin khp, li c cc cng nng, th ng l ci khp tt c ch, tt c lc, v ng lot sanh ra tt cphp. Cn nu i c mun v c duyn khc n mi c th sanh, th b tri vi Nhtnhn lun. Hoc mun v duyn khc cng nn ng lot khi ln, v thng c vy.

- Ngoi ra, c ngi chp c mt "Phm thin", "thi gian", "phng hng", "bnt", "t nhin", "h khng", "ng" v.v... l thng tr, l tht c, cc cng nng, sanh

ra tt c php. Nhng li chp y u c ph bc ging nh y.- C ngi chp "ring th m thanh" trong Ng minh lun (V lun") l thng,

n c th lm nh lng din t cc php. Li c ngi chp "tt c m thanh u lthng", ch ch gp duyn m pht hin, mi c kh nng din t.

Hai li chp m thanh trn u phi l. V sao? V m thanh trong Ng minh lun ckh nng din t, th n khng phi thng tr (tn), v cho n c kh nng din t


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(nhn), v nh cc m thanh khc (d). Cc m thanh khc cng chng phi l thanh ththng cn (tn), v phi ch duyn mi c (nhn), v nh ci bnh, o (d).

- C ngoi o chp "cc v ca t, nc, gi, la l tht c, thng cn, c khnng sanh ra th sc, cc th sc c sanh ra khng vt qu phm vi ca nhn, nn cc

th sc y tuy l v thng, m c th n tht c".Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V cc vi y nu c phng hng, phn v, v

nh n kin, th th n chng phi tht. Nu khng c phng hng, phn v, v nhTm, Tm s, th n khng th t tp chung quanh sanh ra qu sc th. Nu n sanhqu (nhn), th n cng ging nh qu c sanh (d), lm sao c th bo cc vi lthng tr (tn)?

Li qu sc c sanh, khng vt khi phm vi ca nhn cc vi, th n cng nhcc vi, khng gi l sc th, thi qu sc ny khng phi cc sc cn nh nhn v.v...nhn bit, v th l tri vi ch trng ca mnh. Nu bo "qu sc l do lng v c

hp li, nn khng phi th m nh l th, sc cn c th nhn bit", song qu sc cchp ng vi lng ca nhn cc vi, th n nh cc vi, khng cng vi th hpc. Hoc bo cc vi cng vi tnh th hp, th n nh qu sc th, cng chung mtch. Nu bo "qu sc bin khp t th ca nhn cc vi, v nhn chng phi mt, nn cth gi l th", nu th thi th ca qu sc chng phi l mt. Nh ch ca nhn cc vic ring khc vy. vy th qu sc ny li khng thnh th sc, do cng khng phisc cn nhn bit c. Nu qu sc c nhiu phn hp li nn thnh th, nhiu cc vinhn hp li th chng phi l nh, tr thnh cn v cnh, th cn dng qu sc lm g? lo nhiu phn hp thnh, th khng phi tht c. Th thi bit li chp ca ng trcsau tri nhau.

Li qu v nhn u c cht ngi, th khng cng trn mt v tr nu hai cc vi.Nu bo "qu "v nhn th nhp vo nhau nh nc nhp vo ct, thuc nhp vo ncng"; ai chp nhn th ca ct v nc ng thu nhn nc v thuc u! Hoc ncthu nhn ct, th th ca ht ct, bin i ri nhau, chng phi mt, thng; nc ngthu nhn thuc, th th nc ng bin thnh vng, chng phi cn l mt, l thng.

Li qu sc th, th n nu l mt, th khi thc bit c mt phn ny l phi thyc tt c cc phn khc; v kia, y l mt, th kia hn phi nh y. Nu ng khngchp nhn nh th th tri s. Th l iu ngi kia chp, ti lui u bt thnh. chtheo vng tnh so o chp trc. (9)

Nhng cc ngoi o chp tuy c nhiu phm loi, song php th (hu php) bchp khng ngoi bn th:

- Mt l chp hu php (ch Gic i v.v... ca S lun) cng vi tnh c (ch Minhtnh ca S lun) th ch l mt, nh phi S lun chp. Li chp ny phi l. V sao? Vng bo ht thy php chnh l tnh c. Nu ht thy php chnh l tnh c, th n unh tnh c, th khng sai khc, bn tri vi ba c (Tt o, Lt x, p ma) v ng,mi ci th khc nhau (theo S lun chp) v tri vi th gian hin thy cc php c sai


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khc nhau. Li nu sc v.v... chnh l tnh ca sc v.v... th sc khng nn c xanh, vngkhc nhau.

- Hai l chp hu php (ch Tht, c, Nghip ca Thng lun) cng vi tnh c(ch i hu tnh ca Thng lun), th khc nhau, nh phi Thng lun chp, Li chp

ny cng phi l. V sao? V ng bo ht thy php phi l phi tnh c. Ging nh vt dit khng cn g bit c, l tri vi "Tht c" v.v... t th n khng phi khng, vcng tri vi th gian hin thy c cc vt. Li nu sc khng phi tnh sc, th sc nnnh l ting, khng phi l cnh ca mt thy.

- Ba l chp hu php cng vi tnh n cng mt cng khc, nh phi ngoi o Vtm chp. Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V ni mt v khc u b li nh mt vkhc ni trn kia. Hai tng khc nhau, th th phi sai khc nhau. Cn nu mt vkhc ng th, u khng thnh c. Ch c bo ht thy php cng ng mt th.Hoc mt v khc ch l gi khng phi tht m chp l tht, th l khng thnh.

- Bn l hu php cng vi tnh c chng mt chng khc, nh phi ngoi o Tmng chp. Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V chng mt chng khc khc th l ngvi mt v khc.

Li ni chng mt chng khc l li ni gi hay biu (ph nh hay khng nh).Nu l biu th khng nn ni phi c hai, cn nu l gi th l khng chp chi ht. Cncng gi cng biu th l b tri ln nhau. Cn phi gi phi biu th thnh h lun. Li nichng mt chng khc l tri vi s hiu bit chung ca th gian v cc vt c mt ckhc. V cng tri vi ch trng ca mnh (cc php sc v.v... quyt nh tht c".

Th nn bit li ni ca kia ch l li quanh co chy li, nhng ngi c tr, ch lm

chp nhn. (10)

---o0o---

VI. PH CC THA GIO CHP PHP

- Cc tha gio khc chp " la ngoi thc tht c cc php nh sc, hng v.v..."Nh th no cc php ny chng phi c?

- V cc php sc, hng, bt tng ng hnh v php v vi ca Tiu tha kia chp,

ng l chng phi tht c.

V sc v.v... c Tiu tha chp gm c hai th:

Mt l sc c i ngi, do cc vi to thnh.

Hai l sc khng i ngi, chng phi do cc vi hp thnh.


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Sc c i ngi kia, chc chn khng tht c, v cc vi nng thnh ra sc y chngphi tht c. Ngha l cc cc vi nu c cht ngi th hn nh ci bnh, l gi chng phitht. Nu khng cht ngi th hn nh phi sc, lm sao c th tp hp thnh sc nh bnh,o v.v...?

Li cc cc vi nu c phng hng v phn v, th chc chn c th phn tch, tcchng phi tht c. Nu khng c phng hng v phn v, thi nh phi sc, lm saoha hp li thnh th sc, khi nh sng chiu vo th hin ra bng, nh khi mt trichiu vo cy tr, c bng v sng hin ra hai bn ng, Ty? Pha ng tip nhn lynh sng, pha Ty pht ra bng, ch nhn nh sng v ch hin ra bng khng ng,th cc vi kia chc chn c phng hng v phn v.

Li nu khi mt thy v thn xc chm cc vt nh vch tng v.v... th ch cthy v xc chm phn bn ny, ch khng thy v xc chm phn bn kia, cc vt y dochnh cc vi ha hp thnh ra. Vy cc vi y chc chn c phng hng v phn v.

Li cc cc vi, ty ch no, chc chn c trn, di, ng, Ty sai khc nhau.Khng nh vy th cc vi nh phi sc khng cn c ngha ha tp chung. Hoc cho rngcc vi thip nhp vo nhau, nn khng thnh th sc. Do cc vi ny quyt chc cphng hng v phn v. Li chp sc c i ngi chnh l cc cc vi. Nu cc vikhng c phng hng v phn v, th sc c i ngi cng nh cc vi khng c cchngi, nhng nu khng cch ngi th khng phi sc c i ngi.

Th nn, cc vi ca cc ng chp quyt chc c phng hng v phn v. V cphng hng v phn v tc c th phn tch, c th phn tch th nht ng khngphi tht c.

Cho nn chp sc c i ngi v tht c, khng thnh.hi: - Ng thc h khng phi c sc lm s y, s duyn sao?

p: - Tuy khng phi khng sc, nhng sc l do thc bin. Ngha l thc sanhkhi, do nng lc nhn duyn bn trong ni thc, bin hin ra tng tng t v mt vsc, ly ngay tng lm cn s y v cnh s duyn. Nhng cc cn nhn, nh ykhng th c bit bng hin lng, ch da qua tc dng pht sanh thc ca n m sosnh bit n c. V n ch l mt th cng nng, khng phi do sc bn ngoi to nn.

Sc c i ngi bn ngoi, v l khng thnh, th nn n ch l do ni thc bin

hin. Do cng nng pht sinh nhn thc m gi n l nhn cn v.v... N l ch nng gpht sanh nhn thc v.v...

Ci duyn v s duyn bn ngoi ca nhn thc, v l chng phi tht c, nn phichp nhn do t thc bin hin lm ci duyn v s duyn, ngha l ci tng dn sanh rathc tng t vi n. Cc ng chp n l ci duyn v s duyn l khng ng, v chngphi ch c kh nng lm pht sanh m cho l ci duyn v s duyn. Ch bo nhnduyn v.v... cng l ci duyn v s duyn ca thc (S duyn duyn ca thc phi c


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hai ngha. Mt l c kh nng pht sanh thc; hai l lm i tng cho thc duyn. Nmcn ch c kh nng pht sanh nm thc ch khng lm i tng cho nm thc duyn,th khng th gi nm cn l S duyn duyn. Nu nm cn ch mt ngha l pht sanhthc m gi n l S duyn duyn, th Nhn duyn, ng v gin duyn cng c khnng pht sanh thc, v l cng cho l S duyn duyn c sao?)

Hoc cho khi nm thc nhn, nh v.v... liu bit sc, thanh, n ch duyn vi tngsc thanh ha hp, tng t tng cc vi kia cng khng ng, v khng phi tng sc,thanh ha hp li c tht th ring, khc vi cc vi. V khi phn tch tng sc thanh hahp y, th ci thc duyn cc tng sc thanh ha hp tng cc vi kia nht nh khngpht sanh na.

Tng ha hp kia khng tht c, nn khng th ni n l ci duyn ca nmthc. Ch bo rng mt trng th hai li c th lm duyn pht sanh nm thc, (mt trngth hai do mt la m c, n ch lm i tng trng thy [s duyn] ch n khng phic tht, lm duyn pht sanh ra thc)

Li chng phi cc cc vi v tr ha hp nhau li l c th lm s duyn cho nmthc, v trn nm thc khng thy c tng cc vi (cc vi ch c vi thc).

Li chng phi cc cc vi sn c tng ha hp, v khi n khng ha hp th khngc tng ha hp .

Li chng phi v tr ha hp vi khi khng ha hp, th tng cc cc vi khcnhau. Cho nn v tr ha hp cng nh khng ha hp, cc vi ca sc v.v... chng phil cnh s duyn ca nm thc.

- C ngi chp "mi mi cc vi ca sc v.v... khi khng ha tp th khng phi lcnh s duyn ca nm thc, nhng khi v tr ha tp, ln lt gip nhau pht sanh rath tng th lm cnh s duyn cho thc, Tng tht c lm cnh s duyn.

Li chp ny khng ng. V v tr ha tp cng vi khi cha ha tp, th tngcc vi l mt. V v cc vi ca cc vt bnh, bn, bng nhau th thc duyn theo tng phi khng khc nhau mi c. V v tr ha tp, mi mi cc vi b tng trn vi tsn c ca n.

Li chng phi thc duyn tng th li duyn tng vi t. Ch bo rng thcduyn cc cnh ny li duyn cc cnh khc, mt thc li duyn tt c cnh. Chp nhn

c cc vi cn b li nh th, hung khng c cc vi tht ngoi thc (m li chp c ccvi ngoi thc sao?).

Do bit chc tng sc tng t t t thc bin hin ra lm ci duyn s duyn.V kin phn nng ni pht sanh, ng thi mang theo tng .

Nhng khi thc bin, ty lng ln nh, kp hin ra mt tng, ch khng phiring bin lm nhiu cc vi ri hp li thnh mt vt.


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V ngi ta chp th sc c tht th, nn Pht ni cc vi khin h phn tch trb, ch chng phi Pht bo cc sc c cc vi tht. Cc v tu Du gi dng tu gi tngi vi tng sc th, ln lt phn tch, cho n khi khng phn tch c na, gi ni l cc vi. Tuy l cc vi vn cn c phng hng v phn v, nhng khng th phntch c. Nu phn tch tip th s c tng gn nh h khng hin ra, khng cn gi l

sc, cho nn ni cc vi l ranh gii cng cc ca sc.Do nn bit cc sc c i ngi u do thc bin hin ch khng phi do cc vi

hp thnh.

Cc sc khng i ngi, v cng l mt loi ny, nn cng khng phi tht c. Hocv khng i ngi ging nh Tm, Tm s, quyt chc khng phi tht sc.

Cc sc c i ngi, hin c sc tng, ly l suy xt, la thc cn khng c, hungsc khng i ngi, hin khng c sc tng m li c th bo l sc php tht c ?(11)

Hi: - "Biu sc, V biu sc", h khng phi tht c?

p: - Chng chng phi tht c. V sao? V nh biu sc ca thn, nu l tht c thly g lm th tnh? Nu ni ly hnh lng lm thn th tc khng phi tht c, v hnhlng c th phn tch cho n cc vi th khng th cn c di ngn v.v... N ni lyng tc lm thn, cng khng phi tht c, v va sanh lin dit, khng c ngha ngchuyn, v php hu vi dit l t dit, khng cn i nhn (duyn) mi dit. Dit nu cnphi i nhn th khng thnh dit. N ni c sc m khng phi hin sc, khng phihnh sc, m l do tm dn sanh c ng tay chn, gi l thn biu nghip, cng khngng l. V sc nu l ng, th b ph nh ngha trc. Nu l nhn ca ng th tc

l gi, song gi khng biu th, khng th gi l biu. Li nu gi y l thn xc, th xckhng thng c tnh thin c (m thn nghip th thin c). Li nu l hng, v, thkhng phi hin sc, do vi xc m bit. Th nn Thn biu nghip, chng phi tht c.

Nhng do tm lm nhn, do bn thc bin hin ra sc tng ni tay chn, sanh dittip ni, chuyn t v tr ny n v tr khc, nh tung c ng tc, biu th ci tm, gigi l thn biu.

Ng biu nghip cng khng phi tht c tnh m thanh, ly lm ng biu, v mthanh trong mt st na khng biu th c chi ht, cn nhiu st na ni tip th li khngtht. Li sc c i ngi bn ngoi trc y ph. Nhng nhn ni tm th su m bn

thc bin ra t m thanh, sanh dit tip ni, nh tung c biu th, gi danh ni l ngbiu, th khng tri l.

Biu sc khng tht, th V biu sc u c tht. Nhng y theo tm t nguynvng, c phn hn gia thin c ring bit, gi lp tn l V biu. V l cng khng tri.Ngha l v biu y hoc y ni chng t "T" tng trng c kh nng pht ra thn vng thin c m lp. Hoc y ni "T tm s" hin hnh trong khi Thin nh, c kh nngngn dt thn ng c m lp. Th nn l gi c.


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Hi: - Trong kinh c Th Tn ni c ba nghip. Nay bc thn nghip nh th, hkhng tri kinh?

p: - y khng phi bc l khng, m ch ni n khng phi l tht sc. "T tms" pht ng ni thn, gi l thn nghip, "T tm s" pht ng ra ng, gi l ng

nghip. "Thm t l" v "Quyt nh t" tng ng vi , tc ng , gi l nghip."T tm s" khi ra ni thn, ng, c s to tc, gi l nghip. Thn v ng l ng ica Thm l t v Quyt nh t. Li nghip nhn thin c sanh ra qu D thc kh,lc, nn cng gi l o, gi chung l nghip o. Cho nn by nghip o (thn banghip, ming bn nghip) trc cng u ly "T" lm t tnh. Hoc thn biu, ngbiu (khng phi nghip ) do "T tm s' pht ng, gi ni l nghip. N l con ngca "T" i qua, nn gi l nghip o.

Do nn bit tht khng c sc bn ngoi, m ch do ni thc bin sanh ra t nhsc bn ngoi.(12)

- Bt tng ng hnh php cng khng tht c. V sao? V php Bt tng nghnh nh "c", "phi c" v.v... n chng nh Sc, Tm v Tm s, c th c tng rrng. Khng th c php Bt tng ng hnh khc vi sc, Tm v Tm s m t c tcdng c. Do nn bit php Bt tng ng hnh, chng phi tht c. Ch y ni phnv ca Sc, Tm v Tm s m gi lp, n nht nh khng th khc vi sc, Tm v Tms m c tht th tht dng (tn), v n nhip vo hnh un (nhn), nh Sc, tm (d).Hoc v n khng nhip vo Tm, Tm s v sc, V vi, th v nh ci php hon tonkhng, nn n nht nh khng phi tht c. Hoc v n khng nhip vo cc tht phpkhc, th cng nh cc gi php khc, chng phi c tht th.

Lun ch: - V, kia (Tiu tha) nh th no m bit "c", "phi c" khc vi sc,

tm, ring c tht th tc dng?Tiu tha p: - Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh kinh ni: "B c gi la (phm phu, hu

tnh) thnh tu thin c, Thnh gi thnh tu mi php v hc" (Tm chnh o, thmchnh gii thot, chnh tri phm phu). Li ni: "Hng D sanh khng thnh tu Thnhphp, cc A la hn khng thnh tu phin no". Ch "thnh tu", "khng thnh tu" y, l hin t ngha "c" v "phi c".

Lun ch: - Kinh khng ni: "c, phi c" khc vi sc, tm ring c tht th thtdng. Nn s dn chng trn khng thnh. Kinh cng ni: "Lun Vng thnh tu bybu". H phi chnh l thnh tu tha nhn v phi tnh? (Nm bu u l tha thn, hai bu

sau thuc phi tnh). Nu bo i vi by bu c sc t ti, m gi ni l "thnh tu", thi vi php thin c lm sao khng chp nhn gi ni nh th, m c chp l tht c"c"? Nu bo by bu ngay hin ti nn c th gi ni "thnh tu", sao bit ringphp thin c c thnh tu li la hin ti m c? Nu la hin ti thi php thin ctht ng l chng phi c. Hin ti chc chn c ht ging thin c v.v...

Li, "c" i vi cc php, c cng dng g th thng? Nu ni "c" c kh nnglm nhn cho php sanh khi, th l ra n cng c th lm nhn sanh khi php v vi? Li


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Lun ch: - Kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm tht c th th, nn dn chng khng thnh.

Li trc thnh lp ngha "sc (non) khng la thc, nn bit y xa la thccng khng c mng cn" (v mng cn l mt phn ca sc).

Li, nu "mng cn" tht c khc vi thc, th n cng ging nh th v tng v.v...chng phi tht "mng cn".

Hi: - Nu khng c ba php nhu vy, ti sao kinh ni c ba php th, non, thc?

Lun ch: - V ngha c sai khc nn ni c ba, nh ni bn chnh on (ch c tinhtn m v ngha c sai khc nn ni l bn).

Hi: - ( khng c thc) th a v v tm, th v non l phi khng c?

p: - u phi kinh khng ni thc chng la thn sao?Hi: - Nu (thc khng la thn) nh vy, th sao gi l a v v tm?

p: - a v kia ch dit chuyn thc m gi l v tm, ch khng phi dit A lida thc. L do c thc A li da ny, sau y s ni r. Chnh thc A li da ny lm cith cho ba ci, su th, bn loi sanh. l qu D thc bin khp hng tng tc, chkhi phi nhc chp ring c "mng cn" tht lm g?

Nhng y ni chng t thn sanh ra thc th tm ny, n do cng nng sai bit canghip trc dn dt dn ni chn v tn ti trong thi gian nht nh, m gi lp l

"mng cn" thi.Li, lm sao (Tiu tha bit hai "nh v tm" (l V tng nh v Dit tn nh)

v qu D thc tri V tng khc vi Sc, Tm, Tm s, c tht t tnh? (Tiu tha p)- Nu khng tht c hai nh v tm v qu D thc V tng th khng th ngn Tm,Tm s lm cho khng hin khi (Lun ch). Nu a v v tm, c php tht khc viSc, Tm, c kh nng ngn Tm, Tm s khng cho khi, m gi l nh v tm. Nuth, khi v sc, l phi c php v sc ring khc vi Sc, Tm, lm chng ngi sc, mc gi l V sc nh hay sao? Kia khng th, th y sao li th?

Li, lm ngn ngi tm, cn g phi c tht php, nh iu, l php gi cng c

th ngn ngi c. Ngha l khi tu nh, i vi nh c s gia cng, mhm chn Tm,Tm s th ng, pht tm k nguyn th thng, ngn Tm, Tm s, khin Tm, Tm sdn dn vi t, n hun vo D thc thc, thnh chng t nhm chn tm mt cch ccmnh, do s lm tn hi v un dp chng t tm , m tm th ng tm thi khnghin hnh, v nng ni phn v tm khng hin hnh m gi lp hai nh v tm. Vchng t ny lnh nn nh cng gi l lnh


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Ngi tu nh V tng trc ht cu qu v V tng, hun thnh chng t chiucm thc D thc ci tri V tng, y nhng tng th ng da thc D thckhng cn hin hnh. Ngay ni phn v m lp l nh V tng. Da thc D thc mlp, nn c gi tn D thc.

Cho nn bit ba php "V tng nh", "Dit tn nh", "V tng d thc" (Vtng qu), cng khng phi tht c.

(Ht cun mt ca bn Hn)

- Li lm sao bit "cc tng hu vi" khc vi Sc, Tm, c t tnh tht? (Tiu thap) Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh Kh kinh ni: "C tng hu vi ca ba php hu vi"(php hin bit nh Sc, Tm; php hin th dng nh bnh, o; php c tc dng nhnm cn). Cho n ni rng.( Lun ch) Kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm tht ctng hu vi sanh, tr v.v... nn li dn chng trn khng thnh. Khng phi v chuynthanh th su (tm cch thay i tip v ng danh t, i danh t, hnh dung t trong

Phn ng, gi l tm chuyn thanh, l th thanh, nghip, c, v, ty, thuc, , h thanh.Hoc gi tm cch l th cch tc ch ng. Dng cch hay th cch, tc cch, d cch,ot cch, s hu cch, y cch, h cch. thanh th su l "thuc thanh" hay "thuc cch",tc ch "ca" trong cu "ca php hu vi", l biu th th khc nhau gia php hu vi vtng hu vi). V th ca Sc, Tm chnh l Sc, Tm, chng phi th ca nng tng (lbn tng hu vi sanh tr, d, dit) nht nh khc vi s tng (l php hu vi Sc,Tm). V khng th bo tng cng, t (nng tng) khc vi t, nc (s tng)v.v... Nu tng ca hu vi khc vi th ca s tng (l php hu vi Sc, Tm), th thca tng v vi phi nn khc vi s tng php v vi (nh chn nh v.v...).

Li, bn tng "sanh, tr, d, dit", nu th n u tht c th nn phi trong tt c

thi mt lt phi khi ln tc dng. Nu v bn tng tri nhau m dng khng th cnghin c c, thi bn th cng tri nhau, lm sao cng hin c c?

Li, dng ca tr, d, dit cng khng cng khi, v nng tng l tr, d, dit v stng l Sc, Tm, th cng sn c, th dng cng nn nh th, v khng c tnh ring.Nu bo dng ca sanh, tr, d, dit kia phi i nhn duyn mi khi, i nhnduyn, th l ra n khng phi sn c. Li, chp c tng sanh, tr, d, dit l v dng.

Li, s tng l Sc, Tm hng c m cn i sanh tr n hp, th l ng php vvi sn c cng i sanh tr n hp, v ci nhn ca phpp v vi kia v php hu vi ykhng th khc nhau vy.

Li, i qu kh, v lai chng phi hin c, chng phi thng, ging nh khnghoa, khng tht, c tnh. Sanh ra gi l c, thi u phi v lai, dit mt gi l khng, thl ng khng phi hin ti. Dit nu chng phi khng, th sanh nn chng phi c.

Li, "dit" tri vi "tr" lm sao c th chp cho ng thi, "tr" khng tri vi'sanh", lm sao li khc thi. Cho nn bit li chp bn tng hu vi sanh, tr, d dit ltht c kia, ti lui gn hi thy u phi l.


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Nhng php hu vi, do sc nhn duyn nn vn khng nay c, tm c li honkhng, v biu th n khc vi php v vi, nn gi lp bn tng. Vn khng nay c,ngay khi c gi l "sanh". Sanh tm dng gi l "tr", trong khi tr trc sau khc nhau,li lp tn "d". tm c li khng, ngay khi khng th gi l "dit". Ba tng sanh, tr, dtrc l c, ng hin ti, mt tng dit sau l khng, nn thuc v qu kh.

Hi: - Tng "dit" l v php, sao cho l tng ca hu vi?

p: - V n biu th v sau khng, nn cho l tng, u c li g. Tng "sanh"biu th hu php t trc cha c, tng "dit" biu th hu php v sau khng c.Tng "d" biu th php khng ngng mt ch, tng "tr" biu th php tm thic tc dng. Cho nn bn tng ny i vi php hu vi tuy u gi l biu th, nhng sbiu th khc nhau. Da vo st na biu th , m gi lp bn tng. Hoc y vo phn vtrong mt thi k cng c gi lp bn tng.

Lc u c gi l sanh, lc sau khng gi l dit. Sanh ri ni tip tng t gi l

tr, chnh khi ni tip m chuyn bin gi l d.Th nn bn tng u l gi lp.

- Li, lm sao bit khc vi Sc, Tm tht c "danh, c, vn thn" din t? (Tiutha p) Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Pht c c danh, c, vn thn hyhu".

Lun ch -Nhng kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm c danh c, vn thn thtnn li dn chng trn khng thnh. Nu danh, c, vn khc vi m thanh m tht c, thn ging nh sc, thanh v.v... khng tht c kh nng thuyn biu din t. Ngha l m

thanh sanh ra "danh, c, vn", th m thanh ny chc c m vn khut khc thuyn biu, ch cn g "danh" na? Nu bo chnh m vn khut khc trn m thanh ldanh, c, vn m l tht c khc vi m thanh, vy th l ng hnh lng khut khc nisc ta thy cng khc vi sc m ring c tht th sao? Nu bo m vn khut khcni m thanh ging nh m thanh dy n khng th thuyn biu c, th m thanhngn ng ca hu tnh cng nh m thanh dy n v tnh kia, chng th sanh ra "danh"v.v...

V li, ai ni m thanh dy n, khng c kh nng thuyn biu? Nu m thanh dyn c kh nng thuyn biu, vy m thanh ca gi, linh cng c tc dng thuyn biusao? Nhng y cng nh kia khng ring sanh ra "danh, c, vn thn" tht.

Nu cho rng ch m thanh ngn ng mi c kh nng sanh ra "danh, c" v.v... thti sao khng chp nhn ch c ngn ng mi c kh nng thuyn biu? Do l g bitchc kh nng thuyn biu chnh l ngn ng? Lm sao bit khc vi ngn ng ring cnng thuyn? Ngn ng khng khc nng thuyn, l vic tri, ngi u bit, cn chpnng thuyn khc vi ngn ng, th ch c tri mi a thi.


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Nhng y theo phn v sai bit ca m thanh ngn ng m gi lp "danh, c, vnthn". Danh din t t tnh, c din t ngha sai bit, cn vn tc l ch, ch nng cadanh v c. Ba th danh, c, vn la m thanh tuy khng c tht th, song bn danh, c,vn gi bn m thanh tht khc nhau. Do danh, c, vn cng chng phi chnh m thanh.Do danh, c, vn l "php v ngi gii", m thanh l "t v ngi gii", cnh gii c khc

nhau. m thanh v danh, c nhip vo un, x, gii cng khc nhau. (m thanh nhip vsc un, thanh x, thanh gii, cn danh, c nhip v hnh un, php x, php gii).

V y theo ci Ta b ny m ni danh, c, vn nng m thanh gi lp, ch khngphi tt c cc ci khc u th. C nhng ci Pht cng nng theo nh sng, hoc diuhng, diu v m gi lp danh, c, vn.

- C ngi chp:""Ty min khc vi Tm, Tm s v nhip vo Bt tng nghnh un". Li chp ny cng phi l. Gi l Ty min (chng t) tham, sn cng gingnh hin hnh tham, sn, chng nhip vo Bt tng ng hnh un.

- i vi ngi chp tht c nhng php Bt tng ng hnh khc, th c chuntheo l l trn, u ngn tr c.

- Hoc chp cc "php v vi", la Sc, Tm chc chn tht c.

- Theo l khng th c. V php quyt chc l c, lc c ba th:

1. Php hin bit c, nh Sc, Tm.

2. Php hin th dng c, nh bnh, o v.v... hai php ny ngi i u bit lc, khng i phi so snh l do.

3. Php c tc dng, nh mt tai v.v... do mi th mt, tai c tc dng m chng bitl c. Cn php v vi khng phi ngi i cng bit chc c. Li php v vi khng ctc dng nh mt, tai. Gi s chp nhn v vi c tc dng, th v vi phi v thng, thnn khng th chp v vi nht nh c.

- Nhng cc v vi l tnh c bit, l tnh c hin l ca Sc, Tm, ging nhSc, Tm, khng th chp la Sc, Tm c tnh v vi.

Li, H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi, th n l mt hay lnhiu? Nu th l mt v bin khp mi ni, m v th ca h khng dung th ht cc sc

php, vy h khng ty theo php nng hp vi n m th n tr thnh nhiu, (nu th hkhng l mt th) hp ch ny tt khng hp ch khc. Nu khng nh vy th cc phpphi bin khp ln nhau. Nu bo h khng khng hp vi cc php, th h khng khngc th dung th, ging nh cc php v vi khc.

Li, trong sc c h khng chng? Nu c th ln xn, khng c th h khng khngbin khp.


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Nu chp Trch dit v vi l mt, th khi kit s ca trong mt b, mt phm luhoc c on tr, (kin hoc do m Bn thnh bn b 88 hoc s, t hoc mt b81 phm), tt phi c trch dit i vi kit s ca cc b, cc phm hoc khc. Khimt php v thiu duyn khng sanh c th tt c phi c phi trch dit i vi tt cphp. V kia chp cc php v vi ng mt th, th l phi nh vy.

Nu chp ba php v vi th l nhiu nn c nhiu phm loi, tt n ging nh scphp, ch khng phi tht l php v vi. V h khng li khng phi bin khp dung th.

- Cc b phi khc chp la Tm, Tm s tht c php v vi. Chun theo trn y ph.

Li, cc php v vi, v chp nhn n khng c nhn qu, th ging nh sng th,chng phi khc vi tm m tht c c.

- Nhng Kh kinh ni: "C cc php v vi nh h khng v vi v.v... lc c hai :

1. Y theo thc bin, gi t l c. Ngha l tng nghe ni n tn h khng, theo phn bit c cc tng h khng v.v... ri do sc tp quen mi nn khi tm sanh in tungc tng h khng v vi hin ra. Tng s hin y trc sau ni tip khng thay i, gini l thng.

2. Y theo php tnh, gi t l c. Ngha l c tnh chn nh do "khng, v ng"hin l, chng phi c, chng phi khng, bt dt ng tm suy ming ni, cng vi htthy php chng phi mt chng phi khc. L chn l ca cc php, nn gi l php tnhhay gi l chn nh v vi, do sc gin trch dt ht cc nhim rt ro chng hi, nngi l trch dit; khng do sc gin trch, m bn tnh vn thanh tnh, hoc v thiu

duyn m c hin l, nn gi l phi trch dit; s th kh vui dit ht, nn gi l btng dit v vi; do th v tng khng hin hnh, nn gi l th tng dit v vi. Nmv vi sau u nng chn nh v vi m gi lp.V chn nh cng l danh t gi thithit, v ngn s bc khng, cho nn ni l c. V ngn s chp c, cho nn gi lkhng. Khng th bo l nh huyn, cho nn gi l tht. L khng phi h vng ino, nn gi l chn nh. Khng ng vi cc Tng phi khc chp la Sc, Tm cci php chn thng, gi l chn nh, cho nn bit cc php v vi, khng chc thtc.

- Ngoi o v cc tha gio khc chp c cc php khc vi Tm, Tm s, ccphp chng phi c tht tnh (tn), v l s th vy (nhn), nh Tm, Tm s (d). Ci

bit ca Tm, Tm s nng th ly cc php kia, cng khng duyn n cc php kia(tn), v l nng th (nhn), nh ci bit ca Tm, Tm s duyn ni tng phn caTm, Tm s (d).

-Song cc Tm, Tm s l php y tha khi, cng nh vic huyn, khng phitht c, ch v khin tr ci bnh vng chp tht c cnh ngoi Tm, Tm s, nnni "Duy c thc". Nu li chp "Duy thc" l tht c, th cng nh chp ngoicnh, u l php chp. (13)


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- Nhng cc "php chp" lc c hai th:

Mt l cu sanh php chp.

hai l phn bit php chp.

- Cu sanh php chp l t v th n nay do h vng hun tp thnh ci sc nhnbn trong, thng cng sanh mt ln vi thn, khng i phi c t gio v t phn bit,n vn t chuyn sanh, cho nn gi l cu sanh. Cu sanh ny li c hai: Mt l thngtng tc, l thc th by duyn kin phn thc th tm, khi ln tng trn tthc th by, ri chp cho l php tht. Hai l c gin on, l thc th su duyntng ng un, thp nh x, thp bt gii do thc biu hin, tng hoc chung hocring hin ln trn t thc th su ri chp ly cho l php tht. Hai th php chp nyvi t kh on. V sau trong Thp a thng thng tu tp qun "Php khng" mtcch rt ro mi c th on tr c.

- Phn bit php chp th cn do sc ngoi duyn hin ti, n khng cng sanh mtln vi thn, phi i c t gio v t phn bit ri mi sanh khi, cho nn gi l phnbit. Th phn bit php chp ny ch c thc th su. Th ny cng c hai: Mt lduyn theo tng un, x, gii ca t gio ni, ri khi tng y trn t tm m phn bitso o, chp cho l php tht. Hai l duyn theo tng t tnh, minh v.v... ca tgio, ri khi tng y trn t tm m phn bit so o, chp cho l php tht. Hai thphp chp ny th ph d on. Khi nhp vo S a, qun tnh "Php khng chn nh"ca ht thy php, bn c th on tr.

- Nhng php chp ni nh trn, nu l php ngoi tm th php hoc c hockhng, nu l php trong tm th php u c (php ngoi tm l s s duyn nn

hoc c hoc khng khi chp n l c tht; cn php trong tm l tng phn ca thcbin, l thn s duyn nn lun c, khi chp n).

Cho nn bit php chp l u duyn theo t php hin ra trn t tm m chp chol tht c. Nhng tng t php l t duyn sanh, ch c mt cch nh huyn. Phpc chp cho l tht, v ch do h vng k t, quyt chc l khng c. Cho nn c ThTn ni: T Th nn bit, cc php ca thc duyn, ch do thc hin. N l Y tha khi,ging nh vic huyn".

Nh vy, ngoi o v cc tha gio chp c ng v php la thc; ng, php y ukhng phi tht c. Cho nn Tm, Tm s chc chn khng dng sc php bn ngoi lm

s duyn duyn. Ci dng ca duyn l phi nng ni php c tht th (m ng v phpkhng c tht th, cho nn khng phi l duyn ca tm). Ngay nhm Tm, Tm s hinti ny cng khng phi l thn s duyn duyn ca nhm Tm, Tm s kia (tn), v nhkhng phi s duyn (d), v nhip vo nhm tm khc (nhn). ng t Tm s cngkhng phi thn s duyn (tn), v t th khc nhau (nhn), v nh cc ci khng phi sth khc (d).


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Do nn bit tht khng c ngoi cnh, ch c ni thc sanh t nh ngoi cnh.Th nn Kh kinh c bi k rng: "Ngoi cnh nh k ngu phn bit, n tht u khng,ch do tp kh nhiu lon trc tm, nn mi c tng tng t nh ngoi cnh hinra".

Hi: - C ngi nn rng: Nu khng c tht ng, tht php la ngoi thc th ging, gi php cng khng c. V gi tt phi nng ni s tht, s tng t v c tnhchung m lp, nh c la tht (s tht), c ngi nng nh la (s tng t). C ctng rc (php chung) mi c th gi ni ngi y nh l la. Gi ni nhi y nhtru v.v... Nn bit cng th. Ng v php nu khng tht c th da vo u gi ni.V khng gi thuyt th ni tng t cng khng thnh, lm sao ni tm bin chuyn sanhra cnh tng t nh cnh bn ngoi?

Lun ch: - Kia nn nh th l phi l. Ni ng v php la thc m c, trc phri, v y theo loi hay y theo tht gi ni la, u khng thnh.

- Y theo "loi" m gi ni, l khng thnh. V ci tnh rc m c sc t chykhng phi ng loi la v ngi u c. Nu khng c c tnh ng loi chung cho chai bn m vn gi ni ngi kia nh la, th cng c th ni nc gi ni l la. Nubo tnh rc, tuy khng phi l sc t chy, nhng v n khng la nhau, nn c thgi ni; ni th khng ng, v hin thy gia ngi v c tnh rc ca la vn lanhau. Ni loi rc khng c c tnh t chy ca la, li xa la nhau gia loi vc, th m c ngi i vi ngi vn ni ngi kia nh la. Cho nn bit gi nikhng phi nng ni loi m thnh.

- Y theo ni "tht" m gi ni, l cng khng xong. V c tnh rc t chykhng phi chung c gia la v ngi. Ngha l c tnh rc ni la v ni ngi

khc nhau, v ch nng khc nhau, n khng cng m gi ni, th cng c li nh trc.Nu bo ngi v c tnh rc ca la tng t nn c th gi ni th cng khngng l. V ni la ni ngi ch khng phi ni c tnh. Do bit gi thuytkhng phi y ni tht m thnh.

Li, nu bo gi tc phi nng s tht mi lp, th cng khng ng l. V s thttc l t tng, n khng phi l cnh gii ca gi tr bit ti v gi thuyn (ngn, c,vn) ni ti, v gi tr v gi thuyn khng th chng bit c t tng. Gi tr v githuyn ch bit c cng tng ca cc php. Cng khng phi la ngoi cng tngny, c cch g khc thit t t tng lm ch nng ca gi. Nhng gi tr v githuyn phi y ni m thanh m khi, ch m thanh khng vi ti, th gi tr v gi thuynkhng khi ln c. Do nng thuyn v s duyn (ni v c ni) u chng phi ttng. Cho nn bit gi thuyt khng da vo s tht.

Do bit ch y ni s tng t m thnh gi ni. Tng t ngha l cng tngtng thm, ch khng phi tng c tht. Ngn thanh da vo tng tng t tng thm m khi ra, cho nn khng th ni gi phi nng tht mi c. Th nn li ct nn cangi kia khng ng l.


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- Nhng y ni thc bin m gi ni t ng, t php i tr ngi vng chp ctht ng tht php. Nh trong Kh kinh ni k: "V i tr k ngu phu chp c tht ngphp, cho nn ni tng bin hin ca thc, gi ni danh t ng, php". (14)

- Cc tng do thc bin hin tuy nhiu th, nhng thc nng bin phn loi

c ba:Mt l thc D thc, tc thc th tm, c nhiu tnh d thc.

Hai l thc T lng, tc thc th by, thng thm xt t lng.

Ba l thc Liu bit cnh, tc su thc trc, liu bit cnh tng th ph. Trongbi tng u c ch "cp" (v) l t s hp su thc trc lm mt loi thc Liu bitcnh.

Ba thc ny gi l thc nng bin. Nng bin c hai th:

- Mt l nhn nng bin, tc hai th nhn tp kh l ng lu v D thc (tc ldanh ngn hun tp, hu ch hun tp hay nghip tp kh ni on sau), trong thc thtm. ng lu tp kh do chng t ba tnh thin, c, v k trong by chuyn thc trchun tp ba chng t thin, c v k trong thc th tm khin sanh trng. D thc tpkh, do hai tnh thin, c hu lu trong su thc trc hun tp chng t thin, c hu lutrong thc th tm lm cho sanh trng.

- Hai l qu nng bin, tc do th lc ca hai tp kh trn m c tm thc t chngphn sanh, (t t chng phn) hin ra cc tng (tng phn v kin phn). Bi do nglu tp kh lm nhn duyn, nn sanh ra th v tng ca tm thc sai bit, gi l qu

ng lu, v qu ging nhn. Do D thc tp kh lm ci duyn tng thng chiu cmsanh ra thc th tm hng tng tc, th p li th lc ca dn nghip, gi l chn Dthc, v chiu cm sanh ra su thc trc, th p li mn nghip, v n t chn D thckhi ln, nn gi l D thc sanh, ch khng gi chn D thc, v n gin an. Chnhchn D thc v D thc sanh, chung gi l D thc qu. V qu khc nhn vy. Nhngtrong bi Tng y ch ni v bn thc th tm b thc th by chp ng, n chp trchng t tp nhim li c th bin ra qu thc D thc m gi l D thc, ch khng phini tt c D thc ni su thc trc. (15)

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VII. THC BIN HIN TH NHT- Tuy lc ni ba tn nng bin, nhng cha bin gii rng ba tng nng

bin. Vy thc nng bin u, tng c nh th no?

Tng p:

u, thc A li da.


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D thc, Nht thit chng.

Khng th bit chp, th.

X, liu. Tng ng xc,

Tc, , th, tng, t.

V ch c x th.

Tnh v ph v k.

Tnh xc cng nh th,

Hng chuyn nh nc, dc,

A la hn b ht.

Lun rng: Thc nng bin u, theo i v Tiu tha gio gi l A la da. Thc nyc ba ngha nng tng, s tng, chp tng. Ngha l v n cng vi cac php tp nhimlm duyn ln nhau, v v loi hu tnh a chp n lm t ng bn trong. Tn A li dany chnh l biu th t tng s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht, bi nhip tr c nhnqu lm t tng ca n. T tng ca thc th tm ny tuy c nhiu phn v (nn cnhiu ngha), nhng ngha Tng thc c x b trc tin v v ti li n rt nng, chonn nghing theo m ni tn A li da trc tn D thc v Nht thit chng.

Thc th tm ny l qu D thc trong cc ci cc th, cc loi sanh do nghip thin,

bt thin dn n, gi l chn D thc. V la thc th tm ny, th khng th ring c quD thc th thng v mng cn, chng ng phn, cng sanh t un, hng thi tng tc. Tn D thc ny chnh l biu th "qu tng" s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht. Qutng ca thc th tm ny tuy c nhiu v, nhiu chng, nhng v ngha D thc c tnhcch c bit khng chung vi by thc trc, nn nghing theo m gi tn l thc Dthc.

Li, thc th tm c kh nng chp th duy tr chng t cc php khng mt,cho nn li gi l thc Nht thit chng. V la thc ny, cc php Sc, Tm khc khngc c kh nng cng khp chp th duy tr chng t cc php. Tn Nht thit chngny chnh l biu th "nhn tng" s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht. Nhn tng ca

thc ny tuy c nhiu th, nhng tnh cch duy tr chng t ca n l c bit khngchung vi by thc trc, nn nghing theo m gi tn l thc Nht thit chng.

Thc Nng bin th nht th tng tuy nhiu, nhng ni tm tt ch c ba tngnh th. (16)

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VIII. GII R TNG NHT THIT CHNG

- Nn phn bit r thm v tng Nht thit chng.

Trong y php g gi l "Chng t"? Ngha l cng nng sai bit trong bn thc,

chnh n ch thn sanh ra t qu ca n. Cng nng ny vi bn thc v t qu do nsanh chng phi mt, chng phi khc, th v dng, nhn v qu, ng l l nh vy. Tuychng phi mt, chng phi khc, nhng m chng t l tht c, cn nu l gi php thnh php khng, n chng phi l nhn duyn ca cc php.

Hi: - Chng t ny cng vi cc php chng phi mt, chng phikhc, th n ging nh ci bnh, l gi ch khng phi tht (v bnh do t tothnh, t v bnh chng phi mt, chng phi khc).

p: - Nu ni vy, chn nh cng cc php cng chng phi mt, chng phi khc,nh th th chn nh phi l gi. Nu chp nhn chn nh l gi, th khng c chn Thng

ngha ! Nhng cc chng t ch y theo l th tc m ni n l tht c, song khng ngchn nh (c theo Thng ngha ).

Chng t tuy nng thc th th tm, nhng l tng phn ca thc ny, ch khngphi l kin phn, t chng phn v kin phn thng ly chng t lm cnh s duyn.

Cc chng t hu lu cng vi thc D thc th khng khc bit, nn nhip vo tnhv k, nhng nhn v qu ca n u c tnh thin, c v k nn cng gi chng t hulu l thin, c, v k. Cn cc chng t v lu khng phi nhip vo cng tnh D thcthc, v nhn v qu ca v lu u thuc tnh thin, nn ch gi chng t v lu l thin.

Hi: - Nu vy ti sao Quyt trch phn th hai trong lun Du gi ni: Tt c haimi hai cn u c chng t D thc, u l D thc sanh? (V trong hai mi cn, c bacn v lu).

p: - Tuy ni ba cn v lu l D thc, m chng phi l v k, v y ni D thc mgi l chng t D thc. Chng t v lu l thin. D thc l v k, tuy khc tnh m phinng nhau, nh thc c ba tnh m nng v k pht sanh, hoc chng t v lu dosc hun tp chuyn bin thnh thc, m gi l D thc, nhng khng phi th D thcnhip vo tnh v k.

Chng t vn c v chng t mi sanh.

- Trong y c thuyt cho rng: "Tt c chng t nhim tnh u bn tnh vn c,ch khng phi do hun tp mi sanh. Do sc hun tp ch c th lm cho n tngtrng". Nh Kh kinh ni: "Ht thy loi hu tnh t v th lai c chng t gii nhchm tri c xoa, php nh nh vy vn c". Gii ni y l tn khc ca chng t.

Li Kh kinh ni: "Gii t v th li lm ch nng cho ht thy php". Gii niy c ngha l nhn.


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Lun Du gi cng ni: "Th ca cc chng t t v th lai, tnh tuy vn c nhng donhim tnh mi hun tp m pht hin". "Cc loi hu tnh t v th lai, nu ai c snphp (o l) Bt nit bn th ht thy chng t hu lu, v lu u c . Cn ai khngc sn php Bt nit bn l thiu ba th B chng t (Thanh vn, Duyn gic, Vthng B )".

Nhng on vn nh vy, tht lm chng khng phi t.

Li ni cc loi hu tnh vn c nm chng tnh khc nhau, nn bit chc cphp nh chng t vn c, khng phi do hun tp pht sanh.

Li lun Du gi ni: "Chng sanh a ngc thnh tu ba cn v lu, l chngt v lu ch khng phi hin hnh v lu".

Li t v th ln lt truyn n php nh vn c tnh chng t bn tnh thng tr.

Nhng vn y chng t chng t v lu l php nh vn c, khng do hun tpsanh. Php hu lu cng th, php nh vn c chng t, v ch do hun tp lm cho tngtrng, ch khng phi hun ring chng t mi no khc.

Nh th mi kin lp nhn qu khng ri lon.

- Li c thuyt cho rng chng t u do "hun tp pht sanh". Ch v s hun vnng hun u c t v th, cho nn ni cc chng t cng thnh tu t v th. Chng t l tn khc ca tp kh, m tp kh th chc chn phi do hun tp mi c, nh mithm ca m l do hoa p m c. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Tm loi hu tnh c hun tpbi cc php nhim tnh, mi c s cha nhm ca v lng chng t".

Lun ni: "Chng t bn trong tm nht nh c s hun tp, cn ht ging bnngoi tm tm th hoc c hun hoc khng hun.

Li ba th chng t c hun tp l danh ngn, nghip v ng chp, n tng nhipht thy chng t cc php hu lu. Ba th ny do hun tp m c, cho nn chng thu lu chc chc nh c hun tp mi pht sanh.

V lu chng t cng do hun tp, ni: "Vn hun tp" l do nghe Chnh php cbnh ng tun ra t php gii thanh tnh, m hun tp pht khi thnh chng t v lu, l tnh chng t ca tm xut th v lu.

- Cc hu tnh xa nay chng tnh sai khc, khng do chng t v lu c hay khngc, m ch da c chng hay khng chng m kin lp. Nh Lun Du gi ni: "i vicnh gii chn nh, nu c y chng t hai chng l phin no chng v s trichng, th lp lm chng tnh Khng Bt nit bn php. Nu ch c y chng t stri chng, th mt phn lp lm chng tnh Thanh vn, mt phn lp lm chng tnhc gic. Nu hon ton khng c chng t hai chng th lp lm chng tnh Nh Lai".


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Cho nn bit xa nay c chng tnh khc nhau l y ni c chng hay khng chng mkin lp, ch khng phi y ni chng t v lu vn c m kin lp.

Ni cu: "a ngc thnh tu chng t v lu" l y theo ngha c th s sanh m ni,ch khng phi theo ngha c tht th chng t .

- C thuyt cho rng, chng t hu lu, v lu u c hai loi:

1. Chng t vn c, tc cng nng sai bit v T sanh, Ng un, Thp nh x, Thpbt gii trong D thc thc t v th li, php nh vn c, c Th Tn y theo ni ccloi hu tnh t v th lai c chng chng gii nh chm tri c xoa, php nh vn c.Cn nhng dn chng khc, ni rng nh trc. y gi l chng t bn tnh vn c.

2. Chng t mi sanh, tc l v th lai do thng thng hnh hun tp m c. cTh Tn y theo ni tm cc hu tnh c hun tp bi cc php nhim tnh, thnhch cha nhm ca v lng chng t. Cc Lun cng ni chng t nhim tnh do php

nhim tnh hun tp m pht sanh, y chnh gi l chng t do hun tp thnh.Nu ch c chng t vn c, th cc chuyn thc khng cng vi A li da thc lm

tnh nhn duyn cho nhau. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Cc php i vi Tng thc, Tng thci vi cc php cng vy, lm qu tnh cho nhau, cng thng lm nhn tnh cho nhau.

Bi Tng ny ni thc A li da cng cc chuyn thc trong tt c thi trin chuynsanh ln nhau, lm nhn qu ln nhau.

Lun Nhip i tha ni: "Thc A li da cng vi php tp nhim lm nhn duyncho nhau, nh tim n v ngn la trin chuyn pht chy, li nh hai b lau nng nhau

m ng. Ch y theo hai th chng t v hin hnh kin lp nhn duyn, cn nhngnhn duyn khc u khng phi tht nhn duyn.".

Nu cc chng t khng do hun tp sanh, th lm sao cc chuyn thc cng vithc A li da c c ngha lm nhn duyn? Khng th do hun tp lm cho tng trngm gi l nhn duyn, (lm cho tng trng th ch gi l Tng thng duyn). Khng thbo rng nghip thin c lm nhn duyn cho D thc qu (n ch lm Tng thngduyn).

Li cc Thnh gio ni c chng t do hun tp mi sanh l u tri vi nghachng t vn c kia. Th nn ni ch c chng t vn c li l tri vi l ln gio ni

chng t mi sanh.Nu ch c chng t mi sanh, th cc php hu lu, v lu khng th sanh c, v

thiu nhn duyn sn c. Php hu lu khng th lm chng t cho php v lu, v khngth c chng t v lu sanh ra php hu lu. Nu chp nhn chng t v lu sanh hulu, th cc c Pht li sanh ra php hu lu, php thin li c th lm chng t cho phpbt thin.


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S nghe hun tp chng phi ch hun tp chng t hu lu m khi nghe Chnhphp cng hun tp chng t v lu vn c, lm cho tng thnh dn, trin chuyn cho npht sanh tm xut th v lu. Cho nn cng ni l nghe hun tp. Trong nghe huntp, nhng tnh thin hu lu, b s tu tp on tr, do chiu cm d thc v lu ththng, lm tng thng duyn th thng cho php xut th. Cn nhng tnh v lu khng

b s tu tp on tr, th lm duyn chnh cho php xut th. Ci nhn duyn chnh ny vn kh bit cho nn Thnh gio c ch ni nng ni tng thng duyn th hin mphng tin gi ni tm thin hu lu, l chng t ca tm xut th kin o v lu.

- Nng hai chng m kin lp chng tnh sai bit l mun hin by chng t vlu c hay khng c. Ngha l nu ai hon ton khng c chng t v lu th chng t haichng kia vnh vin khng th b hi tr, chnh ngay lp lm php phi Nit bn. Nuai ch c chng t v lu ca hng Nh tha th chng t s tri chng kia vnh vinkhng th b hi tr, ngay mt phn lp lm chng tnh Thanh vn, mt phn lp lmchng tnh Duyn gic. Nu ai c chng t v lu ca Pht th chng t hai chng kiau b hi tr vnh vin, v ngay lp lm chng tnh Nh Lai. Cho nn bit, do chng

t v lu c hay khng c m hai chng c th b dt hay khng th b dt.Nhng chng t v lu v n kh bit, nn c theo hai chng kh on hay khng

kh on hin by chng tnh sai bit. Nu khng c chng t v lu nh vy, th cnhn g khc m hai chng kia c th b hi hay khng th b hi. Nu bo php nh vnc hai chng c th hi v khng th hi, th i vi chng t php v lu ti sao khngchp nhn cng vn c nh th. Nu vn hon ton khng c chng t php v lu, thicc Thnh o vnh vin khng sanh c, bit ly g loi tr chng t hai chng, m ni nng hai chng lp chng tnh sai khc? Thnh o kia khng th hinsanh, m ni ba v lu cn s c th hin sanh, cng nht nh phi l.

Nhng cc Thnh gio, ni ni u c chng t vn c, nay nu ni khng c l trivi ngha kia. Th nn bit, ni ch c chng t mi sanh l tri vi c l ln gio.

Do , nn bit chng t cc php u c hai loi l loi vn c v loi misanh.

Nhng chng t tm tt c su ngha:

1. St na dit Ngha l th n va sanh lin dit, c nng lc th thng mi thnhchng t. Ngha ny ngn nga nhng php g thng, v thng khng chuyn binth khng th ni n c cng dng nng sanh.

2.Qu cu hu Ngha l n cng vi qu php hin hnh do n sanh ra cng hahp mt lc, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga nhng php g c trc sau vcch la nhau. V hin hnh vi chng t tuy khc loi nhng khng tri nghch nhau,cng mt lc hin c ni mt thn, mi c tc dng pht sanh, khng ging nh chng tvi chng t t loi trc sau sanh nhau; v trc sau tri nhau khng th cng c. Tynhn chng t vi qu, c khi cu hu, c khi khng cu hu, nhng y ch ni nhn


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qu hin ti ng thi l c th c tc dng lm nhn (mi gi l chng t) ch v laicha sanh v qu kh dit, khng c t th (khng lm nhn c).

V vy y ni kh nng sanh hin qu m lp tn chng t, ch khng y ni s dnsanh chng t t loi lp tn chng t. Cho nn ch nn ni vi qu cng cmt ln,

mi thnh chng t.3.Hng ty chuyn Ngha l phi cng mt loi tng tc trng k cho n khi

t a v cu cnh, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga cc chuyn thc thngchuyn dch gin on, khng tng ng vi php chng t. y l hin th chng t tloi sanh nhau.

4. Tnh quyt nh Ngha l ty theo sc ca nhn thin c c cng nng quytnh sanh ra qu thin hoc c khng hn lon, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn ngacc B phi khc chp nhn tnh sanh ra qu tnh khc, m cho l ngha nhn duyn.

5.i chng duyn Ngha l phi ch cc duyn cng loi chung hp li, c cngnng th thng, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga ngoi o chp nguyn nhnt nhin, khng cn ch cc duyn thng hng vn chng sanh ra qu. Hoc ngn ngacc B phi khc chp duyn thng c, hin th ci duyn c ch i khngphi thng c, cho nn chng t khng phi thng cng lc bng sanh ra qu.

6.Dn t qu - Ngha l mi mi dn sanh ra hin qu sc v tm ring bit, mithnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga ngoi o chp ch mt nhn sanh ra tt c qu;hoc ngn nga cc B phi khc chp sc v tm lm nhn duyn cho nhau.

Tm li, ch c cng nng sai bit trong bn thc l c su ngha ny, mi thnh

chng t, ch khng phi g khc.La, np v.v... bn ngoi do thc bin hin, gi lp gi l ht ging, nhng chng

phi tht ht ging.

Chng t c th lc trc tip sanh ra qu chnh thc gn nht th gi l sanh nhn,cn gin tip dn n qu tng d cch xa lm cho khng dt ngang, th gi l dn nhn.

Chng t trong bn thc tt do hun tp c sanh trng, ch thn sanh ra qu,y l nhn duyn, cn chng t bn ngoi hoc c hun tp hoc khng hun tp, n chl tng thng duyn. Ni n qu c sanh tt phi ly chng t bn trong tm lm

nhn duyn ca n, cn la, np l kt qu do chng t cng tng sanh.- Y theo ngha g lp danh t hun tp?

- S hun v Nng hun u c bn ngha. lm cho chng t trong bn thc csanh trng, nn gi l hun tp.

Th no l bn ngha ca S hun?


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1. Tnh kin tr - Nu php g trc sau mt loi tng tc bn chc, c kh nngduy tr tp kh mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga cc chuyn thc v m thanh,gi l th khng c tnh kin tr, nn khng phi l S hun (chu s hun tp).

2. Tnh v k -Nu php g c tnh bnh ng dung np mi tp kh khng chng

nghch, mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tnh thin v nhim, n c th lccng thnh, khng dung np nhng g tri vi n, nn khng phi l S hun. Do bt Tnh thc ca Nh Lai ch mang theo chng t v lu c m khng phi hun tpchng t mi.

3. Tnh kh hun -Nu php g c tnh t ti khng cng nhc kn nhim, c khnng np th tp kh, mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tm s v php v vi lphp da vo ci khc v cng nhc kn nhim, nn khng phi l S hun.

4. Tnh cng ha hp vi Nng hun -Nu php g cng vi php Nng hun ngthi ng x khng tc khng ly, mi l S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga i vi thn

ngi khc v st na trc sau khng c s ha hp, nn khng phi l S hun.Do , ch c thc D thc c bn ngha trn, nn c th thnh S hun, ch

khng phi cc Tm s v.v...

Th no l bn ngha ca Nng hun?

1. C sanh dit- Nu php g khng thng hng m bin chuyn, c tc dng sanhtrng tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga php v vi, trc saukhng bin i, khng c tc dng sanh trng, cho nn khng phi Nng hun.

2. C thng dng- Nu php g c sanh dit nhng c th lc tng thnh, c khnng dn pht tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tm, Tm s d thcnon km, nn khng phi Nng hun.

3. C tng gim - Nu php g c tc dng th thng, c th tng c th gim, thunhip tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga Pht qu, thin php trny khng tng khng gim, nn khng phi Nng hun. Thin php kia nu Nng hunth cha phi trn y, nh vy ha ra Pht qu trc sau c hn km khc nhau.

4.Cng S hun ha hp m chuyn bin - Nu php g cng vi php S hunng thi ng x, khng tc khng ly mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga i

vi thn nga khc v st na trc sau khng ha hp, nn khng phi l Nng hun.Do , ch c by chuyn thc v tm s ca n l c th lc tc dng th thng, c

tng c gim, c bn ngha ny mi c th thnh php Nng hun.

Nh th thc Nng hun (by thc trc) vi thc S hun (Tng thc), cng sanhcng dit mi thnh ngha hun tp, lm cho chng t trong thc S hun sanh trng,nh hoa p m, cho nn gi l hun tp.


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Hin thc Nng hun t khi chng t sanh ra n, lin c th lm nhn tr li huntp thnh chng t. Ba php Nng hun, S hun v Chng t, ng thi trin chuynlm nhn qu cho nhau, nh tim n sanh la chy, la chy chy tim n. Cng nh bcy lau, ng thi nng nhau lm nhn qu, ng thi l l chc chn. Hin hnh nnghun sanh ra chng t, chng t khi ln hin hnh, nh ci nhn cu hu, th c qu s

dng. Cn chng t trc sau, t loi sanh nhau nh l ci nhn ng loi, dn sanh raqu ng lu. Ch hai nhn ny i vi qu, l nhn duyn,ngoi ra, cc php khc uchng phi nhn duyn, gi s c ch gi l nhn duyn, nn bit l gi thuyt.

gi l lc ni hnh tng ca tt c chng t. (17)

Thc A li da ny, hnh tng v s duyn ca n nh th no?

-Khng th bit chp th, x v liu ca n c.

Liu ngha l liu bit, tc hnh tng ca thc. Thc ly s liu bit lm hnh

tng.Xngha l x s, tc kh th gian, ni nng da ca loi hu tnh.

Chp th c hai, l chng t hu lu v sc thn c cc cn.

Chng tl cc tp kh ca s phn bit v tng v danh.

Thn c cc cn l cc sc cn nh mt, tai (tnh sc cn) v l ch cc cn nng(tc ph trn thn cn). Hai th chng t v thn cn ny u l ca thc chp th, thunhip chp gi lm t th, ng an ng nguy (th).

Chp th v x u l cnh s duyn ca thc A li da ny.

Do sc nhn duyn m khi t th thc A li da sanh khi, bn trong bin lm chngt v thn c cc cn, bn ngoi bin thnh kh th gii, ri lin ly tng do mnh bin ra lm cnh s duyn cho mnh, v hnh tng nng duyn nng theo misanh khi c.

Trong on ny ni liu, tc thc D thc i vi cnh s duyn ca mnh c tcdng liu bit v tc dng liu bit ny thuc v kin phn.

Nhng khi t th thc hu lu sanh khi, u c tng s duyn v nng duyntng t hin ra. Tm s tng ng vi n, nn bit khi sanh khi cng th. Tng sduyn tng t gi l tng phn, tng nng duyn tng t; gi l kin phn.

Nu Tm, Tm s khng c tng s duyn, th khng th duyn c cnh sduyn ca mnh, hoc mi mi tm c th duyn c tt c cnh, v cnh ca ring mnhcng ging nh cnh ca tm khc, cnh ca tm khc ging nh cnh ca ring mnh(khng c tng phn sc m mt vn thy, th khng c tng phn ting mt cng vn


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thy. Nh vy khng c tng phn ting m tai vn nghe, th khng c tng phn sctai cng vn thy hay sao?).

Nu Tm, Tm s khng c tng nng duyn, th khng th duyn, ging nh hkhng ... hoc h khng cng c kh nng duyn. Th nn bit Tm, Tm s phi c

hai phn, nh Kh kinh ni:Tt c ch c gic, (Duy thc).

Ngha s gic u khng (khng ngoi cnh).

Nng gic, s gic phn (kin tng phn).

u t nhin chuyn hin (u t chng t sanh).

- Ngi chp tht c cnh s duyn la ngoi thc, th h gi ngoi cnh l s

duyn, gi tng phn l hnh tng, gi kin phn l s, v l tng t th ca Tm,Tm s. Tm v Tm s ng cn s y v cnh s duyn, hnh tng tng t, s thca Tm vng v Tm s tuy mi mi tng t ng u, m tng ca n th khcnhau, v tng ca thc Tm vng vi tng ca th, tng Tm s khc nhau vy.

- Ngi t l khng c cnh s duyn la ngoi thc, th ni tng phn l "sduyn", kin phn gi l "hnh tng", tng v kin u nng phn t th gi l "s"tc l t chng phn. Nu phn t chng ny khng c, th khng th t nh t bit Tm,Tm s php, nh cnh cha tng tri qua, th khng th nh bit.

Tm, Tm s ng nng mt cn, m cnh s duyn th ch l tng t nhau, vhnh tng khc nhau, tc dng liu bit lnh np khc nhau. S (t chng phn) tuy mimt Tm hay Tm s u c s th ng ng tng t nhau m tng n th khc nhau,v th ca thc Tm vng l liu bit m th ca Tm s th l lnh np khc nhau vy.

Nhng mi mi Tm, Tm s khi sanh khi, ly l suy ra mi ci u c ba phn ls lng, nng lng v lng qu, v kin v tng phi c tht th nng. Nh bik trong Tp Lng Lun ni:

Tng t cnh, s lng,

Tng nng th, t chng,

Tc nng lng v qu,

C ba, th khng khc.


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- Li Tm, Tm s, nu phn bit t m, nn c bn phn. Ba phn nh trn, thmphn th t l chng t chng phn. Nu phn th t ny khng c th ci g lm chngcho phn th ba? V phn t chng v chng t chng ng l tm, nn u c th chngcho nhau vy.

Li t chng phn s khng c qu, v cc nng lng, phi c qu vy. Khng nncho kin phn l qu th ba, v kin phn c khi nhip vo phi lng, do kin phnkhng chng c phn t chng th ba, v chng c t th phn th ba phi l hinlng (ch khng phi phi lng).

Trong bn phn ca thc trn y, hai phn u l ngoi, hai phn sau l trong.Tng phn u ch l s duyn, ba phn l kin, t chng v chng t chng sau lthng c s duyn v nng duyn. Ngha l phn th hai ch duyn tng phn th nhthoc lng, phi lng, hoc hin lng hoc t lng. T chng phn th ba duyn ckin phn th hai, v chng t chng phn th t, cn chng t chng phn ch duyn tchng phn th ba, ch khng duyn kin phn th hai, v v dng. Phn th ba, th t

u thuc vo hin lng. Cho nn bit Tm, Tm s c bn phn hp thnh l cs duyn, nng duyn, khng b li v cng, chng phi tc chng phi ly, l Duy thcc thnh lp. Th nn bi tng trong Kh kinh ni:

Tm chng sanh hai tnh,

Trong ngoi tt c phn,

Nng th, s th buc,

Thy nhiu th sai bit.

Bi tng ny ni: Tm tnh chng sanh do hai phn kin, tng hp thnh, hoctrong hoc ngoi, u c s th, nng th rng buc nhau, nn thy c mi th, hoclng hoc phi lng, hoc hin lng hoc t lng, sai bit nhiu phn. Trong y nikin tc l kin phn.

Bn phn nh th, hoc gom lm ba, v phn th t nhip vo phn th ba t chngphn. Hoc gom lm hai, tc ba phn sau l nng duyn, u nhip vo kin phn. yni kin l ngha nng duyn. Hoc gom lm mt, v cng mt th. Nh bi k trong kinhNhp Lng gi ni:

Do t tm chp trc,Tm chuyn t ngoi cnh,

S kin kia phi hu,

Th nn ni Duy tm.


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Nh vy ni ni ni duy nht tm, y ni nht tm cng nhip lun Tm s. Thnn bit hnh tng ca thc chnh l liu bit, liu bit chnh l kin phn ca thc.

Ni "x" c ngha l trong thc D thc do th lc ca chng t cng tng (chungca nhiu hu tnh) thnh thc m n bin hin ra tng kh th gian t nh ngoi sc,

chnh l bn i chng t, nc, la, gi bn ngoi v cc sc s to l thanh, hng,v, xc. Tuy cc hu tnh bin ra cnh gii khc nhau nhng tng n tng t nn cngchung x s khng khc, nh nh sng ca cc ngn n chiu khp m thy nh tungmt nh sng chiu.

Hi: -D thc thc ca ai bin ra tng kh th gian ny?

p: C thuyt cho rng D thc thc ca tt c hu tnh. V sao? V nh Kh kinhni: "Tt c hu tnh do sc tng thng ca nghip chung vi nhau m khi ln".

C thuyt khc li ni: "Nu nh th, th cc c Pht, B tt c th tht s bin ra

ci tp u ny, v cc loi d sanh c th tht s bin ra cc ci trong sch nhim mu tiphng kia ci ny? Li cc bc Thnh nhm chn hu sc m sanh ln ci v sc, chckhng cn sanh h gii th cn bin ra ci h gii ny lm g?" Cho nn bit ch cchng sanh hin v s sanh n ci ny mi bin ra ci ny. Nhng kinh da theo phnt m ni l tt c. V chng sanh c nghip ng nhau mi chung nhau bin ra vy.

C thuyt li ni: "Nu nh vy, khi kh th gii sp hoi, khng c chng sanhhin v s sanh n, th D thc thc no bin ra ci sp hoi ? Li cc loi D sanhnhm chn Hu sc m sanh ln ci tri V sc, hin khng c sc thn li cn d liubin ra ci ny lm g? Gi s chng sanh c sc thn ci nc khc nhau, th t cchbit, khng nng ta duy tr nhau, m ci ny bin ra ci kia c ch g?"

- Nhng ci nc c bin ra, l ct v lm ch nng ta y tr v th dng chosc thn, cho nn nu i vi thn m c th c tc dng y tr th dng th lin bin ra n.Do , gi s sanh vo phng khc th thc ci ny cng bin ra ci ny c. Cho nnth gian khi sp hoi hay khi mi thnh, tuy khng c loi hu tnh m n vn hin c.y l ni tt c chng sanh cng th dng. Nu th dng ring, th chun theo y mbit. V gia Ng qy, Ngi v Tri, s thy c khc nhau.

Cc chng tni y chnh l ch tt c chng t php hu lu c D thc thcchp tr, n cng tnh vi thc D thc, nn lm s duyn cho thc D thc, cn chng tphp v lu tuy nng g ni thc D thc, nhng khng cng tnh vi thc D thc. Tuy

khng phi s duyn, nhng khng la thc, nh tnh chn nh l t tnh ca thc, nnkhng tri l Duy thc.

Thn c cc cn l do th lc ca chng t bt cng tng c thnh thc ni thcD thc, n bin ra sc cn v ch sc cn nng ta, tc bn i chng t, nc, la,gi bn trong thn v cc sc, hng, v, xc.


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C th lc ca chng t cng tng thnh thc ny, nn i vi tha nhn cngbin ra thn tng t vi h. Nu khng nh th, th khng c ci g ngha ngi ny thdng thn ngi khc.

Trong y cn c thuyt ni: "Cng bin t tnh sc cn ngi khc". Nh Lun

Bin Trung Bin ni: "Nm tnh sc cn ca thn ngi khc hin ra t nm cn camnh". C thuyt li cho rng: "Ch c th bin ra ch nng tng t, v nm tnh sccn ca ngi khc i vi mnh l v dng". Ni nm tnh sc cn trn thn ngi khct nh trn thn mnh l nhm ni n ngha thc ca mnh v thc ca ngi u tbin. Do cho nn khi sanh n ci khc hoc Bt nit bn m thi th ngi y vnthy cn tn ti.

Trn y l ni nghip lc bin ra kh gii bn ngoi, cn thn bn trong, ba ci vchn a sai khc, nu c nh lc th s bin ra kh gii, cn thn, ci v a, t v thakhng nht nh. Cn thn v kh gii c bin ra phn nhiu tng tc lu di, cn binra m thanh v nh sng th phn nhiu tm thi, v ty theo duyn lc hin ti kch thch

pht khi.Lc ni cnh s bin ca thc A li da ny, l gm cc chng t hu lu, mi ch

c sc l nm cn, nm trn v cc sc tht hin ra nhip thuc php x.

Ti sao thc ny khng th bin ra t Tm, Tm s lm cnh s duyn?

- Thc hu lu bin lc c hai th: Mt l theo th lc nhn duyn m bin. Hai ltheo th lc phn bit m bin. Th u l hu dng, th sau ch lm cnh. Thc D thcbin ch ty theo nhn duyn, nn cc sc thanh c bin phi c tht dng, nu bin ratm th khng c tht dng; v tng phn tm khng th duyn c, ch khi cn s tht

dng ca Tm, Tm s th n mi t thc A li da sanh ra; nu bin ra php v vi, cngkhng tht dng. Th nn bit D thc thc khng duyn Tm, Tm s. n a v v lu,D thc thc tng ng vi thng t, tuy khng phn bit m tnh lng trong, d khngtht dng nh Tm, Tm s cng hin ra c bng dng v vi kia. Nu khng nh vy,th cc c Pht chng phi l bc Chnh Bin Tri.

Cho nn bit a v hu lu, thc D thc ny ch duyn vi kh gii, cn thn vchng t hu lu. ti ci Dc v ci Sc c ba th s duyn , nhng ci V scth ch duyn chng t hu lu, v nhm chn sc, v khng c qu sc ca nghipm ch c qu sc ca nh. i vi l khng tri. Thc th tm ci tri V sc kiacng duyn sc ca nh ny lm cnh.

Bt kh tri l khng th bit. V hnh tng ca thc ny rt vi t kh c th liu t

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