05xAing Chil5 /2r5nAing: HoC AdulAs 1s5 .obil5 /hon5s Chil5 +2ring for +hildr5n 2A Ah5 /l2yground+ +H- 2015-Hini:5r 5A 2l./유H수 x 2015 AuAumn

2015- Autumn UX Lab Meeting

Texting while Parenting: How Adults Use Mobile Phones while Caring for Children at the Playground

Alexi Hiniker et al. Human Centered Design and Engineering

University of Washington

서울대학교 융합과학기술대학원 사용자경험 연구실 석사과정 유혜수

Family Communication

Author Keywords: Children; Parents; Families; Mobile Phones;Mindfulness; Non-use

ACM Classification Keywords: Social Issues

Why this paper?

http://www.kyeonggi.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=1033004

“대형 쇼핑몰서 놀던 3세아, 분수대 배수로에 빠져 숨져”

Texting While Parenting

AuthorsMaster of HCI + Design Human Centered Design & Engineering Information School Computer Science and Engineering DXARTS Digital Arts Interaction Design in Art/ Division of Design Biomedical and Health Informatics

Alexis Hiniker Software engineer Graduate researcherstudying children, families and the way they use digital media Dr. Julie Kientz’s Computing for Healthy Living and Learning lab

Alexis Hiniker, Kiley Sobel, Hyewon Suh, Yi-Chen Sung, Charlotte P. Lee, Julie A. Keintz

• Problem: • Using phone while caring for children • Limited in this space makes defining appropriate use challenging

• Exploration:• How adult feel pressure to limit phone use in this context and

whether they choose to do

• Mixed method (466 adult caregivers) • Phone use = small part of playground = notable source of guilt • Caregiver values and self-control predict behaviour/ model phone

use in this context

Summary

Background

Research Question

Method

Results

Using phones while caring for children can be problematic, but appropriate use in the space is challenging

Examine the ways in which adults use their phones when they have children in their care and their perspectives on the appropriateness of phone use in this context

How and why adult caregivers use their phones when caring for children at the playground?

investigate caregivers’ values about their own phone use in caregiving contexts, and how such values translate into emotions and behaviours

@ playground: a place where adults and children play together adults: enjoy time to themselves children: encounter modestly risky situations

empirical data for value sensitive design integrate needs with constraints and desires driven by their caregiver roles sensitize designers to the unique needs of children’s caregivers by documenting common habits, beliefs and concerns related to device-use in caregiving contexts

engaging in intentional periods of non-use suggests a design agenda which prioritize cycles of engagement, disengagement, and re-engagement may be of value to

Background (Related Work)

Phone use while caring for children • prior work: adult phone use when caring for children as detrimental to the children in care• adult respond inappropriately to children when they are distracted by devices • children experience adults’ phone distraction as alienating and emotionally dissatisfying

Phone use and parenting ideology • western culture: intensive parenting: emphasis on responsibility of parents and other caregivers

• an environment for children that is rich with stimulating, caregiver- facilitated activities development • plausible that adults experience negative emotion when reflecting on phone use/ non-use in care giving

contexts

Intersection of understanding families & understanding how individual integrate technology use and non use No prior works has examined the systematic ways in which parents and other caregivers manage their technology habits

while caring for children Understanding this design space & supporting individuals in being users and non users when, where, and how they see it

—> Designing for families, designing for non-use research on supports for families which enable reflecting on/ limiting technology use are RARE

Prior Work

Distinguished Work

Method

1) Covert nonparticipant observations

2) Semi-structured interviews -interviews of caregivers - fieldnote

3) An online survey -mobile phone use/ desired task/ motivation/ strategic tactics/ beliefs

7 different playground a diverse set of neighbourhoods 466 adults participating during spring and summer of 2014

Observations of Caregiver behavior:duration: 3 months range of time: 8am - 7pm 22 visits 33 hours of observational data

$15 gift cards 47 survey questions 9 open ended

25 participants > 15 minutes of interview $10 gift cards

Ethics Statement Institutional Review Board (IRB) • Federal exempt • Observations of public behavior

Amount of time spent on the phone

Duration of phone uses

Description of phone use - The amount of time adults spend using phones

FindingsResults and Analysis

사람들은 핸드폰을 거의 안쓰고, 써도 1분내외로 쓴다

Findings

Q: 핸드폰을 하고있을때, 아이에게 신경을 못쓰나요?

Q: 핸드폰을 하고있을때, 아이가 내 관심을 얻기 힘든가요?

어른들이 생각하기에는 핸드폰에 몰두하는게 아이의 주의/부탁을 들어주는데 방해요인이 되지않는다고 생각함

Findings Q: 핸드폰으로 무엇을 하는지? 그리고 왜 핸드폰을 이용하는지?

주로 문자를 하고 차일드케어의 목적으로 핸드폰을 쓴다

Conclusion

“HCI community has long investigated opportunities to support parents through technology”

Understanding users’ decision around technology integration and contextualized use and non-use is a growing area of HCI research

Offer to inform predictive models of user behavior and provide formative work for building new sociotechnical theory

• Designing for cycles of engagement, disengagement, re-engagement • Examining caregiver guilt as a design target

Institutional Review Board (IRB)• Federal exempt • Observations of public behavior

Takeaway Messages

Exhaustive Related Work

Method • Observation: (Ethnography) fieldnotes • Quantitative observation

• Interview • Survey

• Qualitative analysis

Unique aspects of analysis• absorption when using phone • values and beliefs about using the phone

• HCI approach: • Investigated opportunities to support parents through technology

RQ: How and why adult caregivers use their phones when caring for children at the playground?