!"#$

%&!'()*#)

+, &-.

+/& 01/

$+-

)2*232$4 5267-

$ %&!8#4

) %9(

)%9

)91:1;9

)$+

* "&

31&

317

3$=7

3)%/ =7

4 "-

( &0

%$

> ;$;$

> ;==;?

>$//;$

>)-5--6

-.01& 7//*

:3

$

!"#

"

!"

!"

#

# !"

-8%+ "!@#

$ #%&

'( ##%

)! #**

+! #*,

- #.,

/ #%#

)0-1 #,2

3 #,4

!"

!"

5

OHCOOCH 2224 22 ++

CO2 max = No. of CO2 molecules produced by complete combustion of fuelTotal no. of molecules of combustion products

CO2 max =c ( )x

c

79.1

20.9 c

h

4

%

CO2 max =c

h

2 ( )x

c

79.1

20.9 c

h

4

%

)

"

$ 6 !"7

6!"7 !

"

8 6!"7 !

"

6 !

"78 6!

"7

5 !"

6 !

"7

%&''()*

3939,4*-##%,&

8:8'#%4"/9;- 4#

9

# ))#

" ) )"

. )).

#

*

)

[H2O] @$ =[H] @+ =Qgr @( AB

* +

[CO] !=[H

xCy ] =[CO2 ] !"=

+&

[CO2 ] !"=T f @C T

a@ C

091

[C] @ =Qgr @( AB

$ +/& 7/

D

T f @C T

a@ C

L2 = k2 x (1185 + Tf - 2 x Ta)

L1 =Tf - Tak1 x [CO2 ]

k1 =253 x [C]

Qgr

k2 = 2.1 x[H2O] + 9 x [H]

Qgr

L3 = k3 x[CO] + [H

xCy ]

[CO2 ] + [CO] + [HxCy ]

3

!"

1 A,BAB22

2

$&/

- A,B@ CAB@ 2D 2

! 2

$D E

AB

0 .< %&<

4

$ %&8

G'8%#22#%,&"

6!"7

6 !"7

Qs

@=

T f @C T

a@C

[O2 ] @01=H[CO2 ] @01=HA1, A2, B

- 9 9

(

) %9

) %9

;/IJ

H01 /!

HB/

8

OHCOOHC 22283 435 ++

8

222283 8.1838.185 NCONOHC +++

HB/

.&. '"

Vo (dry) =

3 + 18.8

= 0.915

Ao

5 + 18.8

xn = 20.9 - [O2 ]

[O2 ] Vo (dry)Ao

n = Air not used Air required

Vo (dry)

=

c + (3.73 x (c + h/4)) Ao

(1 + 3.73) x (c + h/4)

3 =%:

8

35+

5=H

55""

: 5:#

3$=-7

mass flow in kg/min = dryflowSTP x m x [G] x 60 x 10-6

@B""4#4B.

@

[G]@

""4#4@

3)%/=7

'!B

H@#*B01

:5@"

( &0

;8I$J

2,=$

0=1

[H2O] @= [Gwet

] @[G

dry] @

4 "

8 '!'!"

[NOx] = [NO] + [NO2 ]

+ '!"0M#

$

>$ //;$

B.9-

mol. wt.@

9-0$2

// G ;$

)

>) --

/

O0BA130B31

5

E @B3BAC @B.B.F @[O2 ] @=

6N7 N=P

3B

'!;

*

-.01 7//

;$

9#">

3

:

/3939,4*-##%,&

#3939,4*-##%,&/

:0&1A$>EA> 9

/-)#%&&

"G'8%#22#%,&8

.9+I: J0#%2"1%%3'

$;

44< >2$: G9/

4

+"H

3