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Veritas NetBackupfor Oracle
Administrators Guide
for Windows
Release 6.5
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Veritas NetBackup for OracleAdministrators Guide
Copyright2007SymantecCorporation.Allrightsreserved.
NetBackup6.5
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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle features ............................................................................. 9
NetBackup for Oracle terminology ...................................................................12
XML export and XML import terms ..........................................................12
Oracle terms ..................................................................................................15
Oracle RMAN terms .....................................................................................16
NetBackup for Oracle overview .........................................................................17
RMAN .............................................................................................................18
NetBackup for Oracle XML export and XML import ..............................20
Chapter 2 NetBackup for Oracle QuickStart
Enabling NetBackup for Oracle .........................................................................25
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy and schedule .............................26
Invoking the NetBackup Administration Console ..................................26
Creating an Oracle policy and schedules ..................................................27
Backing up the Oracle database .........................................................................29
Chapter 3 Verifying prerequisites and registering the license keyVerifying the installation prerequisites ...........................................................33
Operating system and platform compatibility ........................................33
NetBackup software .....................................................................................34
Database software ........................................................................................34
Cluster software ...........................................................................................35
Registering the license key .................................................................................35
Chapter 4 Configuration
User interface terminology notes .....................................................................37
Configuring the Maximum jobs per client .......................................................38
Configuring a backup policy for a database .....................................................38
Adding a new policy .....................................................................................39
Adding schedules .........................................................................................40
Adding clients ...............................................................................................47
Adding backup selections ...........................................................................48
Configuring the runtime environment ............................................................. 50
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6 Contents
Oracle RMAN environment ........................................................................ 51
Environment variables set by a user in the XML export parameter file 52Environment variables set by NetBackup for Oracle ............................. 53
Creating templates and shell scripts ................................................................ 53
Recovery Manager (RMAN) ........................................................................ 53
XML export archive ..................................................................................... 58
Storing templates and shell scripts .......................................................... 62
Enabling database user authentication ............................................................ 63
Testing configuration settings .......................................................................... 63
Chapter 5 Using NetBackup for Oracle
Maintaining the RMAN repository ................................................................... 66
Querying the RMAN repository ......................................................................... 69
Performing a backup ........................................................................................... 70
Automatic backups ...................................................................................... 70
Manual backups ........................................................................................... 71
Performing a user-directed backup from the client ............................... 71Browsing backups ................................................................................................ 74
Using the RMAN repository to browse backups ..................................... 74
Using bplist to browse backups ................................................................. 74
Performing a restore ........................................................................................... 74
Running the NetBackup for Oracle recovery wizard on the client ...... 75
Using bpdbsbora .......................................................................................... 78
Running a NetBackup for Oracle recovery shell script on the client .. 79
Running RMAN on the client ..................................................................... 79Redirecting a restore to a different client ................................................ 79
Performing other RMAN actions ...................................................................... 82
Performing an XML export archive .................................................................. 82
Automatic backup of an Oracle policy ..... ................................................. 82
Manual backup of an Oracle policy ........................................................... 83
User-directed XML exports from the client ............................................. 83
Browsing XML export archives .......................................................................... 90
Using bporaimp parameters to browse XML export archives .............. 90Using bplist to browse XML export archives ........................................... 91
Restoring an XML export archive ..................................................................... 91
Running the XML import wizard on the client ....................................... 92
Using bpdbsbora .......................................................................................... 94
Running an XML import script on the client ........................................... 94
Running bporaimp on the client ............................................................... 94
Redirecting a restore of an XML export archive to a different client 100
Using NetBackup for Oracle in a Microsoft cluster server environment .102Automatic backup of an Oracle policy ....................................................102
Manual backup of an Oracle policy ......................................................... 102
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7Contents
User-directed backup or restore from the client ..................................103
Chapter 6 NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client
Installation and licensing requirements ........................................................105
NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client overview .................................106
Snapshot backup ........................................................................................106
Instant recovery .........................................................................................106
Off-host backup ..........................................................................................106
Proxy copy ...................................................................................................106File-based operations ................................................................................107
How does NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client work? ....................109
Sequence of operation: Backup ................................................................110
Sequence of operation: Restore ...............................................................110
Database objects supported by advanced backup methods .................110
Multistreaming ...........................................................................................111
RMAN multiple channels ..........................................................................111
Restoring data files to a new location .....................................................111Redirecting a restore to a different client ..............................................112
RMAN incremental backups .....................................................................112
Proxy backup examples .............................................................................113
Configuring snapshot backups ........................................................................115
Configuration requirements ....................................................................115
Configuring an Oracle policy with Snapshot Client backup methods 116
Restoring data from a snapshot backup .........................................................120
Restoring individual files ..........................................................................120Restoring volumes and file systems using snapshot rollback ............120
Snapshot Client effects .....................................................................................122
Types of backups ........................................................................................122
Schedule properties ...................................................................................123
Templates and scripts ...............................................................................124
Environment variables ..............................................................................124
Chapter 7 TroubleshootingGeneral troubleshooting procedure ................................................................127
NetBackup reports .............................................................................................129
Enabling logging ........................................................................................129
Accessing the log files ...............................................................................130
Setting the debug level ......................................................................................131
NetBackup server reports .........................................................................132
RMAN utility logs .......................................................................................132
Additional XML export and import logs .................................................132
Troubleshooting backup or restore errors .....................................................132
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Checking the logs to determine the source of the error ...................... 133
Troubleshooting each stage of the backup or restore ..........................133Troubleshooting XML export or XML import errors ....................................134
Checking the logs to determine the source of the error ...................... 135
Troubleshooting each stage of the XML export or XML import .........136
Troubleshooting NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client ...................138
Minimizing timeout failures on large database restores ............................138
Appendix A Oracle 9i and 10g Real Application Clusters
Virtual names .....................................................................................................141
Archiving schemes ............................................................................................142
Backing up a database .......................................................................................145
Restoring a database .........................................................................................146
Example .......................................................................................................146
Troubleshooting .........................................................................................146
Restoring archive logs ......................................................................................146
Index 149
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Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter includes the following topics:
NetBackup for Oracle features on page 9
NetBackup for Oracle terminology on page 12
NetBackup for Oracle overview on page 17
NetBackup integrates the database backup and recovery capabilities of the
Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) with the backup and recovery management
capabilities of NetBackup. NetBackup for Oracle also allows you to export and
import Oracle data in XML format for long-term archiving and retrieval.
This chapter introduces NetBackup. To install, configure, and run a test backup
of your Oracle database. Follow the instructions in the next chapter, NetBackup
for Oracle QuickStart on page 25.
NetBackup for Oracle featuresTable 1-1shows NetBackup for Oracles main features and introduces some
terms used in the NetBackup for Oracle documentation.
Table1-1 NetBackup for Oracle features and descriptions
Feature Description
Mediaanddevice AlldevicessupportedbyMediaManagerareavailableto
management NetBackupforOracle.
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10 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle features
Table1-1 NetBackup for Oracle features and descriptions (continued)
Feature Description
Schedulingfacilities NetBackupschedulingfacilitiesonthemasterservercanbeused
toscheduleautomaticandunattendedOraclebackups.
Thisalsoletsyouchoosethetimeswhentheseoperationscan
occur.Forexample,topreventinterferencewithnormaldaytime
operations,youcanscheduleyourdatabasebackupstooccuronly
atnight.
Multiplexedbackups NetBackupforOracleletsyoutakeadvantageofNetBackups
andrestores multiplexingcapabilities.Multiplexingdirectsmultipledata
streamstoonebackupdevice,therebyreducingthetimenecessary
tocompletetheoperation.
TransparentOracle
andregularfile
systembackupand
restoreoperations
Allbackupsandrestoresrunsimultaneouslyandtransparently
withoutanyactionfromtheNetBackupadministrator.
Thedatabaseadministratorcanrundatabasebackupandrestore
operationsthroughNetBackup.Alternatively,youcanuseOraclesRecoveryManager(RMAN)asifNetBackupwerenotpresent.
AnadministratororanyotherauthorizedusercanuseNetBackup
torundatabasebackupsandrestores.
Sharingthesame Itispossibletosharethesamedevicesandmediausedforother
storageunitsused backupsortogiveOracleexclusiveuseofcertaindevicesand
forotherfile media.NetBackupforOraclecanuseMediaManager,disk,and
backups PureDiskstorageunits.
Centralizedand FromtheNetBackupmasterserver,youcanscheduledatabase
networkedbackup backupsorstartthemmanuallyforanyclient.TheOracle
operations databasescanalsoresideonhoststhataredifferentfromthe
devicesonwhichNetBackupstoresthebackups.
Graphicaluser
interfaces
NetBackupprovidesthefollowinggraphicaluserinterfacesfor
clientusersandadministrators:
Backup,Archive,andRestoreuserinterface
NetBackupadministrationconsoleforJava
NetBackupadministrationconsoleforWindows
AdatabaseadministratororNetBackupadministratorcanstart
backuporrestoreoperationsforOraclefromtheNetBackup
graphicaluserinterfaceonthemasterserver.
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11Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle features
Table1-1 NetBackup for Oracle features and descriptions (continued)
Feature Description
Templates TheNetBackupforOracledatabasewizardscancreatebackupand
recoverytemplates.Youcanlaunchthebackupwizardandthe
recoverywizardfromtheNetBackupBackup,Archive,andRestore
interface.Thewizardsgenerateplatform-independenttemplates
thatcontainconfigurationinformationthatthesoftwareuses
whenperformingbackupsandrestores.Becausethe
wizard-generatedtemplatesdonotsupportallthefeaturesnativetoOracle,youmightwanttowriteacustomizedbackuporrestore
scriptinanoperating-systemdefinedscriptinglanguage.Youcan
useatemplateasthebaseforascript.
Parallelbackupand
restoreoperations
NetBackupforOraclesupportstheparallelbackupandrestore
capabilitiesoftheRMAN.Forexample,thispermitstheuserto
runmorethanonetapedeviceatatimeforasingleOraclebackup
orrestore,therebyreducingthetimenecessarytocompletethe
operation.
Compression Compressionincreasesbackupperformanceoverthenetworkand
reducesthesizeofthebackupimagethatNetBackupwritestothe
storageunit.
NetBackupforOraclesupportscompressionforstream-based
backupsonly.NetBackupforOracledoesnotsupportcompression
forSnapshotClientbackups.
For more information on general NetBackup terminology, see the NetBackup
Administrators Guide, Volume I.
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12 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle terminology
Table 1-2describes NetBackup for Oracle XML export and XML import archiving
features.
Table1-2 NetBackup for Oracle XML export and XML import archiving features
Feature Description
System-and
database-independent
archiveformat
NetBackupforOracleusestheeXtensibleMarkupLanguage
(XML)standardtorepresentrelationaldatabasetabledata
extractedfromanOracledatabase.
TheeXtensible Markup Language (XML) isauniversalformatforstructureddocumentsanddata.TheXML1.0standardsare
producedbytheWorldWideWebConsortiumandincludethe
XMLSchemastandard.
Unicode UTF-8 is thecharactersetencodinggeneratedby
NetBackupforOracle.UTF-8issupportedbystandardXML
processorsandUS7ASCIIisastrictsubsetofUTF-8.
Self-identifyingarchive TheXMLSchemastandardisusedtodescribethetabledata
format thatisincludedinanarchive.Inthisway,thearchivecontains
thekeytounderstandingtheformatofthedataaswellasthe
dataitself.
Commandline Parameterfilesspecifythetabledatatoincludeinanarchive
interfacesthatallow andthetabledatatoextractfromanarchiveforimportintoan
exportandimportat Oracledatabase.
row-levelgranularity
Restoredestination NetBackupforOraclecaneitherrestoreXMLdatatoanoption OperatingSystemdirectoryorimportthedatabackintothe
Oracledatabase.
Flexiblearchiveimage TheNetBackupcatalogcontainsinformationonthecontents
searches ofthearchivethatcanbesearchedusingf lexiblesearch
criteria,suchastablenameoruser.
NetBackup for Oracle terminologyThis section explains important terms that might be new to an Oracle database
administrator or a NetBackup administrator.
XML export and XML import terms
This section describes XML exports and imports.
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13Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle terminology
XML export archives
Figure 1-1shows the XML export archive process.
Figure1-1 XML export archives
XML
Archive
NetBackupexport
XMLFormat
OSDirectory
The archive activity includes the following actions:
Activity Process
OracleXMLarchive NetBackupforOracleextractsdatabasetabledata,convertsitinto
XMLformat,andstoresXMLdatatoeitherofthefollowingtypes
ofrepositories:
Adirectory
Astorageunit
XMLexport NetBackupforOracleconvertsOracletabledatatoXMLformat
(XMLschema,ormetadata,andXMLinstance,ordata).
Archive NetBackupstorestheXMLdataonaNetBackupstorageunit.
bporaexp command NetBackupforOraclesXMLexportutilityconvertsOracle
databasetabledataintoaself-identifyingXMLschemadocument
andinstancedocumentthatcanbearchivedbyNetBackupor
redirectedtoanOSdirectory.
XML import restores
Figure 1-2shows the XML import restore process.
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14 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle terminology
Figure1-2 XML import restores
OSDirectory
restore NetBackup
import
XML
XMLFormat
OSDirectory
The restore activity includes the following actions:
Activity Process
OracleXMLRestore NetBackupforOraclemanagestheretrievalofarchiveddatabase
tabledata,theparsingoftheXMLformat,andtheinsertionofthe
databackintotheOracledatabase.
Restore NetBackupretrievestheXML-formatteddatafromthestorage
unit.
XMLimport NetBackupforOracleparsesXML-formattedOracletabledataand
insertsdataintotheOracledatabase.
bporaimp command NetBackupforOraclesXMLimportutilitycanparsethe
XML-formatteddataforre-insertionintothedatabaseorcan
redirectthedatatoanOSdirectory.
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15Introduction
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Oracle termsThe following list explains some Oracle terms as they pertain to NetBackup.
Term Definition
Fullbackup Afull backupcopiesallblocksintothebackupset,skippingonly
datafileblocksthathaveneverbeenused.Notethatafullbackup
isnotthesameasawholedatabasebackup;fullisanindicatorthat
thebackupisnotincremental.
Afullbackuphasnoeffectonsubsequentincrementalbackups,whichiswhyitisnotconsideredpartoftheincrementalstrategy.
Inotherwords,afullbackupdoesnotaffectwhichblocksare
includedinsubsequentincrementalbackups.
Incrementalbackup Anincrementalbackupisabackupofonlythoseblocksthathave
changedsinceapreviousbackup.Oracleallowsyoutocreateand
restoreincrementalbackupsofdatafiles,tablespaces,anda
database.Youcanincludeacontrolfileinanincrementalbackup
set,butthecontrolfileisalwaysincludedinitsentirety.Noblocksareskipped.
Multilevel RMANallowsyoutocreatemultilevelbackups.Aninteger
incrementalbackup identifieseachlevel;forexample,0,1,2,andsoon.Alevel0
incrementalbackup,whichisthebaseofsubsequentincremental
backups,copiesallblockscontainingdata.
Whenyougeneratealevelnincrementalbackupinwhich n is
greaterthan0,youbackupthefollowing:
Allblocksthathavebeenmodifiedsincethemostrecent
backupatalevelnorlower.Thisisthedefaulttypeof
incrementalbackup.Itiscalledadifferential incremental
backup.
Allblocksthathavebeenmodifiedsincethemostrecent
backupatleveln-1orlower.Thisiscalleda cumulative
incremental backup.
Thebenefittoperformingmultilevelincrementalbackupsisthat
youdonotbackupalloftheblocksallofthetime.Incremental
backupsatalevelgreaterthan0onlycopyblocksthatwere
modified,whichmeansthatthebackupsizecanbesignificantly
smallerandthebackupmightrequiremuchlesstime.Thesizeof
thebackupfiledependssolelyuponthenumberofblocksmodified
andtheincrementalbackuplevel.
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Term Definition
Differential
incrementalbackup
Inadifferentialleveln incrementalbackup,youbackupallblocks
thathavechangedsincethemostrecentbackupatlevelnorlower.
Forexample,inadifferentiallevel2backup,youbackupallblocks
modifiedsincethelastlevel2,level1,orlevel0backup.
Incrementalbackupsaredifferentialbydefault.
Cumulative
incrementalbackup
Inacumulativelevelnincrementalbackup,youbackupallblocks
thathavechangedsincethemostrecentbackupatleveln-1or
lower.Forexample,inacumulativelevel2backup,youbackupallblockschangedsincethemostrecentlevel1orlevel0backup.
Cumulativeincrementalbackupsreducetheworkneededfora
restorebyensuringthatyouonlyneedoneincrementalbackup
fromanyparticularlevelatrestoretime.Cumulativebackups
requiremorespaceandtimethandifferentialincremental
backups,however,becausetheyduplicatetheworkdoneby
previousbackupsatthesamelevel.
Oracle RMAN termsThe following list explains Oracle RMAN terms as they pertain to NetBackup.
Term Definition
RMAN RMANbacksup,restores,andrecoversdatabasefiles.RMANstarts
Oracleserverprocessesonthetargetdatabase.TheseOracleserver
processesperformthebackupandrestore.RMANperformsbackup
andrecoveryprocedures,anditgreatlysimplifiesthetasks
administratorsperformduringtheseprocesses.However,RMAN
cannotdirectlymanagethestoragedevicesandmediausedinits
backups,soitmustbeintegratedwithanapplicationthathasthese
capabilities.NetBackupforOracleprovidesdeviceandmedia
managementcapabilitiesbyintegratingRMANwithNetBackupand
itsmediamanagementsoftware.OtheradvantagesareaccesstoNetBackupsautomaticschedulingfacilitiesandthegraphical
interfaces.
RMANrepository AnRMANrecoverycatalogorthedatabasecontrolfileisa
repositoryforinformationthatisusedandmaintainedbyRMAN.
RMANusesthisinformationtodeterminehowtorunrequested
backupandrestoreactions.
Foradescriptionoftherecoverycatalog,seeyourOracle
documentation.
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Term Definition
rmancommand ThermancommandstartsanRMANbackuporrestore.YourOracle
documentationdescribesthiscommand.
RMANscript TheRMANscriptspecifiesthecommandsforRMANtoperform(for
example,backups,andrestores).ForinformationonRMAN
commandsandscriptfiles,seeyourOracledocumentation.
ThereareexampleRMANshellscriptsinthefollowingdirectory:
install_path\NetBackup\dbext\Oracle\samples\rman
TheseexamplescriptsrunRMANcommandsandarefully
commentedtoexplainthefeaturesused.Youcanreviewthese
examplesandusethemasastartingpointfordevelopingbackup,
restore,andrecoveryscripts.
NetBackup for Oracle overviewFigure 1-3shows the major components in a NetBackup for Oracle
configuration. The server that hosts the Oracle database must be a NetBackup
client. It must also have NetBackup for Oracle licensed.
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18 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle overview
Figure1-3 NetBackup for Oracle on a sample network
System hosting the Oracle databaseSystem containing Oracle databaseRecovery Catalog NetBackup for Oracle supplies:
Oracle database to Sample configuration programback up or restore Sample script files Veritas I/O Library (libobk) bporaimp and bporaexp
Oracle database software supplies: Additional NetBackup software: Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)
NetBackup client (required) Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Network (TCP/IP)
NetBackup master server Storage unitor remote media server
NetBackup software:
NetBackup master server NetBackup media server
(if system is a media server)
RMANThe following sections explain how RMAN works and how RMAN works with
NetBackup.
How does RMAN work?The RMAN performs a wide variety of automated backup and recovery
functions. During a backup or a restore, RMAN provides the interface to the
databases, and it extracts and inserts data.
To start a database backup or restore, the database administrator runs a
command called rman. This command can be run from the command line, a
script, or an application such as NetBackup. The RMAN script is used as a
parameter to the rmancommand and specifies the operations to be performed(for example, backup or restore). The RMAN script also defines other
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19Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle overview
components of the operation, such as the database objects to be backed up or
restored.During a backup or restore, RMAN controls the data streams going into or out of
a database. RMAN can access storage devices when it is integrated with a media
management system, such as that provided by NetBackup.
How does NetBackup for Oracle work?
The following are prerequisites for performing backups to a storage unit:
Access to the NetBackup library
Generating unique file names
NetBackup for Oracle includes a library of functions that enable RMAN to use
NetBackup. This library is in install_path\NetBackup\bin.
When using the RMAN backupcommand, each resulting backup set contains at
least one backup piece (data file, data file copy, control file, or archive log) from
the target database. You must give each backup piece a unique name using the
formatoperand. Several substitution variables are available to aid ingenerating unique names. You can specify the format operand in the backup
command or in the allocatechannelcommand. NetBackup considers the
backup piece name as the file being backed up, so this name must be unique in
the catalog.
If an Oracle 8.0.x RMAN backup uses a file name that already exists in the
catalog, the original backup that has that name is deleted. In Oracle 8i or later,
the RMAN backup fails with a filealreadyexistsincatalogerror. For
information on generating unique file names, see your Oracle documentation.
Either NetBackup users or automatic schedules start database backups by
specifying a template or shell script in the file list of the Oracle policy. The
template or shell script specifies the backup commands that RMAN will perform
on the client.
For a backup:
1 Therman
command starts the requested operation on the databases.
2 When the process requires media to store backup data, RMAN starts a
user-directed backup by issuing a backup request.
3 The NetBackup media server connects to NetBackup for Oracle on the client
and transfers the database data to secondary storage.
A restore works in essentially the same manner except that RMAN issues a
restore request. This causes NetBackup to retrieve the data from secondary
storage and send it to NetBackup for Oracle on the client.RMAN supports parallel operations, so a single rmancommand can start more
than one backup or restore on the NetBackup system.
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The status for an RMAN operation is stored in the RMAN catalog or in the
database control file. This is the same status that is indicated by the output ofthe RMAN command used to run the backup or restore. This is the only status
that a database administrator must check to verify that a backup or restore has
been successful.
NetBackup also logs status, but only for its own part of the operation. The
database administrator cannot use the NetBackup status to determine whether
rmanwas successful. Errors can occur in rmanthat do not affect NetBackup and
are not recorded in its logs.
Incremental backups of Oracle databases
The RMAN provides true incremental backups. An incremental backup backs up
data files and includes only the blocks that have been changed since the last
incremental backup. For more information on the backup and recovery process,
see your Oracle documentation.
About the Oracle recovery catalogThe recovery catalog is a repository of information. RMAN uses the information
in the recovery catalog to determine how to perform requested backup and
restore actions. The recovery catalog contains information about the following
software components:
Data file and archive log backup sets and backup pieces.
Data file copies.
Archived redo logs and their copies.
Tablespaces and data files on the target database.
Stored scripts. These are named, user-created sequences of RMAN and SQL
commands.
Oracle recommends you use RMAN with a recovery catalog, especially if you
have 20 or more data files. However, you are not required to maintain a recovery
catalog with RMAN.
For information on the benefits and disadvantages of using a recovery catalog,
see your Oracle documentation.
NetBackup for Oracle XML export and XML importWhile Oracle RMAN performs backup, restore, and recovery of physical Oracle
database objects (data files, tablespaces, control files, and archived redo logs),
the NetBackup for Oracle XML export and XML import utilities provide backup
and restore of logical database objects (tables, users, and rows).
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21Introduction
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The XML format is used to provide a self-identifying and system-independent
format ideal for database archiving.
Sequence of operation: XML export archive
Figure 1-4shows data flow.
Figure1-4 XML export archive data flow
XML schema(s), XMLinstance(s)
XML schema(s), XML
Option tocreate XMLfiles on disk
XML generatorinstance(s)
NetBackup
Table(s) metadata, Table(s) data
Oracle DBMS
OCI
Table list WHERE clause
Query processor
Script or templateCommand line
(bporaexp)
(Parameter file) Backup, archive, and restore
Scheduler
NetBackup
interface
NetBackup for Oracle users or automatic schedules start database XML export
archives by performing a manual backup of an Oracle policy, by invoking the
script or template at the command line on the client, or by invoking a template
through the Backup, Archive, and Restore interface.For an XML export archive:
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NetBackup for Oracle overview
1 The NetBackup for Oracle script or template calls the bporaexputility with
a specified parameter file.2 The query processor uses the parameters in the specified file to build an SQL
query for each table.
3 Oracles OCI API executes the queries on the Oracle instance to be archived.
4 The query processor passes the output (including metadata and data for a
single table or multiple tables) to the XML Generator.
5 For each table passed, the XML generator builds one or more sets of XML
schema and XML instance documents.
6 XML data streams are backed up by NetBackup.
7 Alternately, bporaexp allows the files to be saved to an operating system
directory.
Sequence of operation: XML import restore
Figure 1-5shows data flow.
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23Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle overview
Figure1-5 XML import restore data flow
XML schema(s), XMLinstance(s)
Option torestore XMLfiles on disk
XML schema(s), XMLinstance(s) NetBackupXML Parser
Table(s) metadata, Archive nameTable(s) data
Keyword
Table name
OCIScript or templateOracle DBMS XML data loader
(bporaimp)
(Parameter file)
Command line orBackup, Archive, and Restore interface
NetBackup for Oracle users start database XML import restores by invoking a
NetBackup for Oracle script or template at the client command line or byinvoking an XML import restore template through the Backup, Archive, and
Restore interface.
For an XML import restore:
1 The NetBackup for Oracle script or template calls the bporaimputility with
a specified parameter file.
2 The input parameters that identify the XML archive to restore are passed to
NetBackup.
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24 Introduction
NetBackup for Oracle overview
3 NetBackup locates and reads the set of XML schema and instance
documents from the NetBackup storage unit.4 The XML data stream is passed to an XML parser, which passes the data to
the XML data loader.
5 The XML data loader uses Oracles OCI API to insert the data into the
database.
Optionally, bporaimp allows the XML data stream to bypass the XML parser
and be sent to an operating system directory. In addition, users can restore the
table metadata only into an operating system directory. bporaimpalso allowsimport from an operating system directory into Oracle.
2
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Chapter 2
NetBackup for Oracle
QuickStart
This chapter includes the following topics:
Enabling NetBackup for Oracle on page 25
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy and schedule on page 26
Backing up the Oracle database on page 29
This chapter shows how to install and configure a simple NetBackup for Oracle
deployment and to run an Oracle RMAN database backup. The procedures in
this chapter assume a regular Oracle RMAN backup with NetBackup for Oracle.
For Snapshot Client options, see NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client
on page 105.
For more detailed instructions, see the following chapters:
Verifying prerequisites and registering the license key on page 33
Configuration on page 37
Using NetBackup for Oracle on page 65
Enabling NetBackup for OracleNetBackup for Oracle is installed automatically when you install the NetBackup
client. If you are planning your NetBackup for Oracle installation on a machine
that is not yet a NetBackup client, use the NetBackup for Windows install CD to
install NetBackup. A wizard guides you through the installation.
When the NetBackup client is installed, you must enable NetBackup for Oracle
by registering the license key on the NetBackup master server for that client.
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26 NetBackup for Oracle QuickStart
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy and schedule
ToenableNetBackupforOracle
1 Stop Oracle services on the client.
2 In the NetBackup administration console on the master server, click Help>
License Keys.
3 Add the license key for NetBackup for Oracle.
4 Restart Oracle services on the client.
For a more comprehensive list of installation prerequisites, see Verifying the
installation prerequisites on page 33.
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy andschedule
To run an Oracle backup, you must first configure an Oracle policy in
NetBackup. This section shows you how to invoke the NetBackup administration
console, how to create an Oracle policy, and how to create schedules for theOracle policy.
For more information on the steps in this section, see Configuration on
page 37.
Invoking the NetBackup Administration ConsoleYou configure an Oracle policy from the NetBackup Administration Console on
the master server. Depending on your master servers platform, the console isavailable in one or two forms. NetBackup supports a Java interface for both
UNIX and Windows master servers. In addition, NetBackup supports a Windows
interface for Windows master servers.
Use one of the following procedures to invoke the NetBackup Administration
Console:
ToinvoketheNetBackupAdministrationConsoleonaUNIXmasterserver
1 Log on to the NetBackup master server as root.
2 Start the NetBackup administration console by typing the following
command:
/usr/openv/java/jnbSA &
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27NetBackup for Oracle QuickStart
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy and schedule
ToinvoketheNetBackupAdministrationConsoleonaWindowsmaster
server
This procedure shows how to invoke the Windows interface on a Windows
master server. For information on invoking the Java interface on a Windows
master server, see the NetBackup Administration Guide for Windows, Volume I.
1 Log on to the NetBackup master server as the administrator.
2 Start the NetBackup administration console by clicking Start > All Programs
> Veritas NetBackup > NetBackup Administration Console.
Creating an Oracle policy and schedulesThe following procedures use the NetBackup Policy wizard to help you create a
NetBackup for Oracle policy. In most cases, you can accept the default entries.
TocreateaNetBackuppolicy
1 If necessary, use File> Change Serverto select the master server upon
which you want to create the policy.
2 In the left pane, clickPolicies.
3 Right-click in the All Policiespane, and click New Policy.
The Add a New Policydialog displays.
a In the Policy name box, type a unique name for the new policy.
b Select Use Backup Policy Configuration Wizard to use the backup policy
configuration wizard. Click OK.c Click Next.
4 Complete the backup policy configuration wizard by supplying the following
information:
a On the Policy Name and Typescreen, select Oracleas the policy type.
Click Next.
b On the Client Listscreen, click Add. Add the name of the NetBackup for
Oracle client. Select the hardware and operating system. Click OK. Click
Next.
c On the Backup Typescreen, click Nextto accept the defaults.
d On the Rotationscreen, click Nextto accept the defaults.
e On the Start Windowscreen, click Nextto accept the defaults.
f Click Finishto create the policy.
5 Proceed to To create schedules on page 28 for information on creating
schedules for this policy.
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p
Configuring a NetBackup for Oracle policy and schedule
Tocreateschedules
Schedules determine when NetBackup for Oracle initiates a backup. An Oraclebackup requires at least two different schedules:
An Application Backup schedule. When you create an Oracle policy,
NetBackup for Oracle automatically creates a Default-Application-Backup
schedule.
An Automatic Full Backup schedule. You create this schedule. It enables
scheduled backup operations on the client.
1 Double-click the policy name. The Policydialog appears.
2 Click the Schedulestab.
3 Double-click the schedule named Default-Application-Backup.
By default, the NetBackup sets the following:
The retention period is 1 month.
Multiplexing is 1.
The schedule is seven days per week and 24 hours per day. This ensures
that your backups can always commence.
Make any changes to the Default-Application-Backupschedule if needed.
4 Click OK.
5 Click Newto create another schedule.
6 Specify a unique name for the schedule.
7 Select Automatic Full Backup as the Type of Backup.8 Click the Start Windowtab.
9 Follow the instructions on the Startscreen to specify a time for this
schedule.
You must specify a time and a duration for the Automatic Full Backup
schedule. Depending on the size of the database and your site conditions, an
Automatic Full Backup can take a long time to complete. Choose a time
when your system is not likely to be in use. For example, you might specifySunday evenings from 1800-2300. By default, the retention period is
infinity, and the frequency is once per week.
10 Click OK.
11 Click Close.
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Backing up the Oracle database
Backing up the Oracle databaseNetBackup for Oracle includes a backup wizard that solicits information about
desired RMAN backup operations. The wizard uses this information to create a
template that can back up the Oracle database. You can run this template
immediately, or you can save it to run later.
To back up an Oracle database, perform the following procedures:
To log into the client and invoke the backup wizard on page 29
To back up the Oracle database using the backup wizard on page 31
Tologintotheclientandinvokethebackupwizard
1 Use operating system methods to log into the client upon which NetBackup
for Oracle is installed.
2 Make sure that the Oracle database is in themount or openstate.
If this is not the case, this procedure fails.
3 Start the NetBackup Backup, Archive, and Restore interface on theNetBackup client. Select Start > All Programs > Veritas NetBackup >
Backup, Archive, and Restore.
4 Provide the information requested by the login dialog box.
For the host name, type the name of the client upon which the Oracle
database and NetBackup for Oracle reside. Type your user name and
password in the other fields. You can log in as a regular user. You do not
have to log in as the administrator or as the Oracle administrator.After NetBackup accepts your login information, the NetBackup
administration console appears.
5 Click the Backup Filestab.
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Click here to expand the Oracle node
Backing up the Oracle database
6 Expand the Oracle
node in the left
pane by clicking the
node icon to the left
of Oracle.
After you expand
the node, you see
the list of Oracle
instances that you
can back up.7 Decide whether you
want to back up an
entire Oracle
instance or an
individual Oracle
instance data file.
To back up an entire Oracle instance, go to step 8.
To back up an individual Oracle instance data file, go to step 9.
8 To back up an entire instance, perform the following steps:
a Click the check box to the left of the instance name.
b Proceed to step 10.
9 To back up individual instance data files, perform the following steps:
a Expand the instance by clicking the node icon to the left of the name ofthe Oracle instance data file you want to back up.
b (Conditional) If you are using Oracle authentication, the Database
Connect Informationdialog box appears. Type the Oracle administrator
authentication information into the following fields:
User name: (must have SYSDBA privilege)
Password:
Net service name (TNS alias):
c Select the data files or tablespaces in the instance that you want to back
up by clicking in the checkbox to the left of each instance data files
name.
d Proceed to step 10.
10 Click Actions> Start Backup of Marked Files.
The NetBackup for Oracle backup wizard welcome screen displays.
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Backing up the Oracle database
TobackuptheOracledatabaseusingthebackupwizard
Note:This procedure describes how to perform an ONLINEbackup. It assumes
that the Oracle databases archiving mode is set to ARCHIVELOG.
1 Invoke the backup wizard.
The procedure in To log into the client and invoke the backup wizard on
page 29 describes how to invoke this wizard. If you just completed that
procedure, the backup wizard is displayed on your screen at this time.
2 Click Next.
The Target Database Logon Credentialsdialog box displays. Fill in the fields
in this dialog box, as follows:
If you use OS authentication for Oracle, select OS Authentication.
If you use Oracle authentication via a password file, select
Oracle_Authenticationand supply the following:
A User name
A Passwordwith Oracle SYSDBAprivileges
(Optional) A Net service name (TNS alias)
(Optional) Select Use Oracle RMAN recovery catalog. This is not
required. If this is your first NetBackup for Oracle backup, you can
leave this option unselected.
If you did not choose to use the recovery catalog, skip to step 4.
3 Click Next.If you chose to use the recovery catalog, you see the Recovery Catalog Logon
Credentials screen. Supply the appropriate User nameand Passwordfor the
recovery catalog.
4 Click Next. The Archived Redo Logsscreen displays.
5 Click Next to accept all defaults. The Configuration Optionsscreen displays.
6 Click Next to accept all defaults. The Backup Optionsscreen displays.
7 Click Next to accept all defaults. The Database Statescreen displays.
8 Click Next to accept all defaults. The NetBackup Configuration Variables
screen displays.
In the Backup policy namefield, enter the name of the Oracle policy you
created on the NetBackup master server.
9 Click Next. The Backup Limitsscreen displays.
10 Click Next to accept all defaults. The Template Summaryscreen displays.
11 Click Perform backup immediately after wizard finishes.
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Backing up the Oracle database
12 To start the backup, click Finish.
An ONLINE backup of your Oracle database begins. A NetBackup messagewindow displays that the backup was successfully initiated. To check the
progress of the backup in the Backup, Archive, and Restore status window,
choose Yes in the message window.
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Chapter 3
Verifying prerequisites
and registering the licensekey
This chapter includes the following topics:
Verifying the installation prerequisites on page 33
Registering the license key on page 35
Perform the procedures in this chapter before you configure NetBackup for
Oracle.
Verifying the installation prerequisitesNetBackup for Oracle is installed with the NetBackup server and client software,
but you must confirm that the installation prerequisites in this section are met
before you enable the database agent.
These requirements apply for remote and local installations.
Operating system and platform compatibilityVerify that NetBackup for Oracle is supported on your operating system or
platform.
Toverifycompatibility
1 Go to the technical support Web page: http://entsupport.symantec.com .
2 In the Product Lookup field, type in NetBackup Enterprise Serverand click
on the >button.
3 From the list on the right, click on Compatibility List.
34 Verifying prerequisites and registering the license key
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y g p q
4 In the list of documents, click Veritas NetBackup Enterprise Server (tm) x.x/
NetBackup Server x.x Database Agent Compatibility (Updated date).
For x.x, look for the current release. For date, look for the most recent date.
For information on supported cluster environments for NetBackup for
Oracle, see NetBackup (tm) x.x Cluster Compatibility (updated date).
5 Click the link for the PDF document, which is a downloadable file that
enables you to view the supported database spreadsheet for this release.
6 Read the document and verify that the software in your environment is
compatible with the NetBackup and the database agent.
NetBackup softwareVerify that the following requirements are met for the NetBackup server and
client software:
The NetBackup server software is installed and operational on the
NetBackup server.
The NetBackup server platform can be any that NetBackup supports. Forinstallation information, see the NetBackup Installation Guide.
The NetBackup client software is installed on the client that has the
databases you want to back up. This step also installs the database agent. (If
the database client is also a NetBackup server, the client software is installed
along with the server software.)
The install_path\NetBackupdirectory must exist on the client. For
installation information, see the NetBackup Installation Guide.
Make sure that you configure any backup media that the storage unit uses.
The amount of backup media that is required depends on the devices that
are used, the sizes of the databases that you want to back up, the amount of
data that you want to archive, the size of your backups, and the frequency of
backups or archives.
For information on using Media Manager, see the NetBackup
Administrators Guide, Volume I.
Database softwareVerify the following regarding the database software on the NetBackup client:
Oracle vendor software must be installed and operational.
One or more Oracle instances must exist.
For all Oracle 8 releases, make sure you have stopped Oracle services andshut down the Oracle database. For more information about when you need
to perform this step, see your Oracle documentation.
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Cluster softwareVerify the following requirements if you are enabling the database agent on a
NetBackup server configured in a NetBackup cluster:
The Oracle vendor software is installed and operational on each node to
which NetBackup can failover.
The NetBackup server software is installed and configured to work in a
NetBackup cluster. Follow the instructions in the NetBackup Installation
Guide.
The NetBackup server installation procedure installs the database agent
software along with the server and client software. After all other
prerequisites are met, you only need to register the license key for the agent
on each NetBackup server in order to enable the agent.
Registering the license keyThe database agent is installed with the server and client software. To use thisagent, register a valid license key for it on the master or media server. In a
NetBackup cluster, register the key on each node on which the NetBackup server
is installed.
Toregisteralicensekey
1 On the master or media server, open the NetBackup administration console.
2 Choose Help> License Keys.
3 Click the Newbutton.
4 Type in the license key and click Add.
For information on adding license keys, see the NetBackup Administrators
Guide, Volume I.
5 Restart Oracle services on the client.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 4
Configuration
This chapter contains the following topics:
User interface terminology notes on page 37
Configuring the Maximum jobs per client on page 38
Configuring a backup policy for a database on page 38
Configuring the runtime environment on page 50
Creating templates and shell scripts on page 53
Enabling database user authentication on page 63
Testing configuration settings on page 63
Before attempting to configure NetBackup for Oracle, complete the installation
procedure. See Verifying prerequisites and registering the license key on
page 33. After you complete the installation, follow the procedures in thischapter to configure your environment.
User interface terminology notesYou can perform many of the configuration steps in this chapter from the
NetBackup administration console on the master server. Depending on your
master servers platform, the console is available in one or two forms.
NetBackup supports a Java interface for both Windows and UNIX master
servers. In addition, NetBackup supports a Windows interface for Windows
master servers.
The Java and Windows interfaces are nearly identical. If interface differences
exist in the configuration procedures, this manual uses the following headings
to identify the interface being described:
From the Windows interface:
From the Java interface:
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Configuring the Maximum jobs per clientThe following procedure shows how to set the Maximum jobs per client
attribute.
Toconfigurethemaximum jobs per client
1 In the left pane of the NetBackup administration console, expand Host
Properties.
2 Select Master Server.
3 In the right pane, double-click the server icon.
4 Click Global Attributes.
5 Change the Maximum jobs per client value to 99.
The Maximum jobs per clientspecifies the maximum number of concurrent
backups that are allowed per client. The default is 1. You can use the
following formula to calculate a smaller value:
Maximum jobs per client= number_of_streamsXnumber_of_policies
number_of_streams Thenumberofbackupstreamsbetweenthedatabase
serverandNetBackup.Eachseparatestreamstartsa
newbackupjobontheclient.
number_of_policies Thenumberofpoliciesofanytypethatcanbackupthis
clientatthesametime.Thisnumbercanbegreaterthan
one.Forexample,aclientcanbeintwopoliciesinorder
tobackuptwodifferentdatabases.Thesebackupwindowscanoverlap.
For Oracle backups and restores, the number of jobs is difficult to determine.
This difficulty exists because Oracle internally determines when and how many
streams to run in parallel to optimize performance.
Tip:Enter a large enough value for the Maximum jobs per clientattribute to
meet the number of jobs that Oracle runs. You might need to experiment withdifferent values at your site.
Configuring a backup policy for a databaseA backup policy for a database defines the backup criteria for a specific group of
one or more clients. These criteria include:
Storage unit and media to use
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Policy attributes
Backup schedules
Clients to be backed up
Backup templates or script files to be run on the clients
To back up a database environment, you need to define at least one Oracle policy
with the appropriate schedules. A configuration can have a single policy that
includes all clients, or there can be many policies, some of which include only
one client.
Most requirements for database policies are the same as for file system backups.In addition to the policy attributes for this database agent, other attributes are
available that you should consider.
For configuration instructions and information on all the attributes available,
see the NetBackup Administrators Guide, Volume I.
Adding a new policyThese instructions describe how to add a new backup policy for a database.
Toconfigureabackuppolicyfordatabases
1 Log on to the master server as administrator (Windows) or root (UNIX).
2 Start the NetBackup Administration console.
3 If your site has more than one master server, choose the one on which you
want to add the policy.4 From the Windows interface: In the left pane, right-clickPoliciesand choose
New Policy.
From the Java interface: In the left pane, click Policies. In the All Policies
pane, right-click the master server, and click New Policy.
5 In the Add a New Policy dialog box, in the Policy namefield, type a unique
name for the new policy.
6 Click OK.
7 In the Add a New Policy or Change Policy dialog box, in the Policy typelist,
select the Oraclepolicy type.
The database agent policy type does not appear in the drop-down list unless
your master server has a license key for the database agent.
8 Complete the entries on the Attributestab.
For more information, see Description of attributes, which follows this
procedure.
9 Add other policy information.
40 Configuration
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To add schedules, see Adding schedules on page 40.
To add clients, see Adding clients on page 47.
To add templates or shell scripts to the backup selections list, see
Adding backup selections on page 48.
10 When you have added all the schedules, clients, and backup selections you
need, click OK.
Description of attributes
With a few exceptions, NetBackup manages a database backup like a file systembackup. Table 4-3shows the policy attributes that are different for Oracle
backups. This information is used when you add a new policy.
Other policy attributes vary according to your specific backup strategy and
system configuration.
For more information on policy attributes, see the NetBackup Administrators
Guide, Volume I.
Table4-3 Policy attribute descriptions
Attribute Description
Policy type Determinesthetypesofclientsthatcanbeinthepolicy.Insome
casesthepolicytypedeterminesthetypesofbackupsthat
NetBackupcanperformonthoseclients.Tousethedatabase
agent,youmustdefineatleastonepolicyoftypethatisOracle.
Keyword phrase ForNetBackupforOracle,the Keyword phraseentryisignored.
Snapshot Client Forinformationabouthowtoconfigureadvancedbackup
methods,seeNetBackupforOraclewithSnapshotClienton
page105.
Adding schedulesEach policy has its own set of schedules. These schedules initiate automatic
backups and specify when a user can initiate operations. A database backup has
two types of schedules: Application Backup and Automatic Backup.
Tips for configuring schedules
For an XML Export backup to be used for database archiving purposes, set
the Retentionto infinity.
41Configuration
Configuring a backup policy for a database
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Set the window for the Application Backup schedule for 24 hours per day,
seven days per week. This window ensures that your operations are never
locked out due to the Application Backup schedule.
Configuring an Application Backup schedule
A database backup or XML export requires an Application Backup schedule. You
cannot perform backups if this type of schedule is not included in the policy. The
database agent automatically creates this schedule, named
Default-Application-Backup, when you configure a new database policy.
ToconfigureanApplicationBackupschedule
1 In the Policy dialog box, click the Schedulestab.
To access the Policy dialog box, double-click the policy name in the Policies
list in the NetBackup administration console.
2 Double-click the schedule that is named Default-Application-Backup.
3 Specify the other properties for the schedule.
See Schedule properties on page 45.
The backup window for an Application Backup schedule must encompass
the time period during which all scheduled jobs and unscheduled jobs can
occur. This window is necessary because the Application Backup schedule
starts the processes that are required for all database backups, including
those started automatically.
For example, assume the following:
Users perform database backup operations during business hours,
08:00 to 13:00.
The Automatic backups that use this policy start between 18:00 and
22:00.
In this scenario, the Application Backup schedule must have a start time of
0800 and a duration of 14 hours. Table 4-4on page 41 shows this example
schedule.
Table4-4 Example settings for an Application Backup schedule
Typeofbackup Schedulesettings Description Settings
Application
Backup
Retention Thelengthoftimethebackupimages
areretainedintheNetBackupcatalog
forrestore.
2weeks
BackupWindow ThetimeduringwhichaNetBackup
operationcanbeinitiated.
SundaythroughSaturday
00:08:00-22:00:00
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Configuring Automatic Backup schedules
You also need one or more automatic backup schedules if you plan to haveNetBackup perform automatic backups, or if you use Snapshot Client features.
ToconfigureanAutomaticBackupschedule
1 On the Policydialog box, click the Schedulestab.
2 Click New.
3 Specify a unique name for the schedule.
4 Select the Type of backup.
See Types of backup schedules on page 43.
5 Specify the other properties for the schedule.
See Schedule properties, which follows this procedure.
Table 4-5shows example settings for an automatic backup schedule.
When an automatic schedule runs, NetBackup sets the environment
Table4-5 Example settings for an Automatic Backup schedule
Typeofbackup Schedulesettings Description Settings
AutomaticFull
Backup
Retention Thelengthoftimetostoretherecordofa
backup,whichNetBackupusesto
determineifthescheduleneedstoberun.
2weeks
Frequency Frequencydetermineshowoftenabackup
shouldbeperformed.
everyweek
BackupWindow ThetimeduringwhichaNetBackup
operationcanbeinitiated.
Sunday,18:00:00-
22:00:00
Automatic
Differential
IncrementalBackup
Retention Thelengthoftimetostoretherecordofa
backup,whichNetBackupusesto
determineifthescheduleneedstoberun.
1week
Frequency Frequencydetermineshowoftenabackup
shouldbeperformed.
everyday
BackupWindow ThetimeduringwhichaNetBackup
operationcanbeinitiated.
Sundaythrough
Saturday
18:00:00-22:00:00
Automatic
Cumulative
IncrementalBackup
Retention Thelengthoftimetostoretherecordofa
backup,whichNetBackupusesto
determineifthescheduleneedstoberun.
1week
Frequency Frequencydetermineshowoftenabackupshouldbeperformed.
everyday
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Table4-5 Example settings for an Automatic Backup schedule (continued)
Typeofbackup Schedulesettings Description Settings
BackupWindow ThetimeduringwhichaNetBackup
operationcanbeinitiated.
Sundaythrough
Saturday
18:00:00-22:00:00
variables that are based on the type of automatic backup schedule selected.
You can use these environment variables to initiate a backup conditionally.
See Environment variables set by NetBackup for Oracle on page 53.
6 If this schedule is the last schedule, click OK. To add other schedules, repeat
step 1through step 6.
Types of backup schedules
Table 4-6shows the backup schedules you can specify.
Table4-6 Oracle backup types
Backup type Description
ApplicationBackup TheApplicationBackupscheduleenablesuser-controlledNetBackupoperationsfrom
theclient.Theseoperationsincludethoseinitiatedfromtheclientandthoseinitiated
byanautomaticscheduleonthemasterserver.NetBackupusestheApplicationBackup
schedulewhentheuserstartsabackupmanually.ConfigureatleastoneApplication
Backupscheduleforeachdatabasepolicy.TheDefault-Application-Backupscheduleis
configuredautomaticallyasanApplicationBackupschedule.
AutomaticFullBackup AnAutomaticFullBackupcopiesallblocksintothebackupset.Itskipsonlythedatafile
blocksthathaveneverbeenused.TheAutomaticFullBackupscheduleenables
scheduledNetBackupoperationstobeperformedontheclient.Itisusedtoruna
backuporXMLexporttemplateorscriptautomatically.
AutomaticDifferential
IncrementalBackup
NetBackupbacksupallblocksthathavechangedsincethemostrecentfullor
incrementalbackupatlevel n
orlower.Forexample,inadifferentiallevel2backup,NetBackupbacksupalltheblocksthathavebeenmodifiedsincethelastlevel2,level1,
orlevel0backup.Incrementalbackupsaredifferentialbydefault.
DonotuseanAutomaticDifferentialIncrementalBackupscheduleforOracleXML
Exports.
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Table4-6 Oracle backup types (continued)
Backup type Description
AutomaticCumulative
IncrementalBackup
NetBackupbacksupallblocksthathavechangedsincethemostrecentfullbackupat
leveln-1orlower.Forexample,inacumulativelevel2backup,NetBackupbacksupall
blocksthathavechangedsincethemostrecentlevel1orlevel0backup.
Cumulativeincrementalbackupsreducetheworkthatisneededforarestore.Youneed
onlyonecumulativeincrementalbackupfromanyparticularlevelatrestoretime.
CumulativebackupstypicallyrequiremorespaceandtimethanDifferential
IncrementalBackups,however.Theytheyduplicatetheinformationinpreviousbackupsatthesamelevel.
DonotuseanAutomaticCumulativeIncrementalBackupscheduleforOracleXML
Exports.
Using backup schedules, templates, and scripts
Later in this chapter you configure templates or scripts to use when you perform
backups and restores. Be aware that when an automatic schedule invokes a
script that a user authored, NetBackup does not provide safeguards to preventunusual behavior. For example, if an automatic backup schedule runs a restore
or recovery script.
To help guard against such mistakes, use a template instead of a script
whenever possible. When a template runs, it detects the backup type on the
schedule. You are responsible for specifying a template with the correct
operation type (backup or restore) in the policy.
Backup schedules and Snapshot Client features
The information in Types of backup schedules on page 43pertains to
stream-based backups. If you use the Snapshot Client option, be aware that
some of the information in that table may differ if you use certain Snapshot
Client features. For more information about backup schedules and Snapshot
Client features, see NetBackup for Oracle with Snapshot Client on page 105.
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Schedule properties
Some of the schedule properties have a different meaning for database backupsthan for a regular file system backup. Table 4-7 explains the schedule
properties.
Table4-7 Description of schedule properties
Property Description
Type of backup Specifiesthetypeofbackupthatthisschedulecontrols.The
selectionlistshowsonlythebackuptypesthatapplytothepolicy
youwanttoconfigure.
Formoreinformation,seeTypesofbackupschedulesonpage43.
Frequency Thissettingisusedonlyforscheduledbackupsandnotfor
user-directedbackups.Frequency specifiestheperiodoftimethat
canelapseuntilthenextbackuporarchiveoperationbeginsonthis
schedule.Forexample,assumethatthefrequencyissevendaysand
asuccessfulbackupoccursonWednesday.ThenextfullbackupdoesnotoccuruntilthefollowingWednesday.Typically,incremental
backupshaveashorterfrequencythanfullbackups.
Calendar Thissettingisusedonlyforscheduledbackups.Itisnotusedfor
user-directedbackups.TheCalendaroptionallowsyoutoschedule
backupoperationsthatarebasedonspecificdates,recurringweek
days,orrecurringdaysofthemonth.
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Table4-7 Description of schedule properties (continued)
Property Description
Retention TheretentionperiodforanApplicationBackupschedulerefersto
thelengthoftimethatNetBackupkeepsbackupimages.
TheretentionperiodforanAutomaticFullBackup,Automatic
DifferentialIncrementalBackup,orAutomaticCumulative
IncrementalBackupschedulecontrolshowlongNetBackupkeeps
recordsofwhenscheduledbackupshaveoccurred.
Frequency-based scheduling
Setaretentionperiodthatislongerthanthefrequencysettingfor
theschedule.Forexample,ifthefrequencysettingissettoone
week,settheretentionperiodtobemorethanoneweek.The
NetBackupschedulercomparesthelatestrecordoftheAutomatic
BackupscheduletothefrequencyofthatAutomaticBackup
scheduletodeterminewhetherabackupisdue.Thismeansthatif
yousettheretentionperiodtoexpiretherecordtooearly,the
scheduledbackupfrequencyisunpredictable.However,ifyousetthe
retentionperiodtobelongerthannecessary,theNetBackupcatalog
accumulatesunnecessaryrecords.
Note: OracleisnotnotifiedwhenNetBackupexpiresabackupimage.
UseOracleRMANrepositorymaintenancecommandsto
periodicallydeleteexpiredbackupsetsfromtheOracleRMAN
repository.
OracleXMLexportoperationscreatearchivesforlong-termstorage
andrecovery.Settheretentionleveltoaperiodofyearsortoinfinity.
Calendar-based scheduling
Theretentionperiodsettingisnotsignificantforcalendar-based
scheduling.
Multiple copies Ifyouwanttospecifymultiplecopiesofabackupforthepolicy,
configureMultiple copies ontheApplicationBackupschedule.
Other schedule properties vary according to your specific backup strategy and
system configuration. For more information on schedule properties, consult the
NetBackup Administrators Guide, Volume I.
Managing expired backup images
NetBackup and Oracle each maintain a repository of RMAN-initiated backup
image information. Automatic expiration of backup images from both
repositories is not supported. To manage expired backup images, use the
Retention setting in the NetBackup Application Backup schedule to expire the
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Adding clients
Oracle backup images and then synchronize the NetBackup and Oracle
repositories.
TomanageexpiredbackupimagesfromtheNetBackuprepository
In the Retention setting of the Application Backup Schedule, specify the
length of time before NetBackup expires a backup image. Note that the
retention setting has a slightly different meaning for an Application Backup
schedule versus an automatic backup schedule. For more information, see
Schedule properties on page 45.
TomanuallyremovereferencestobackupimagesfromtheOracleRMAN
repository
Use RMAN repository maintenance commands to remove references to
backup files. You can use these commands to delete backup image
information from both the Oracle RMAN repository and the NetBackup
repository. For more information on the RMAN repository maintenance
commands, refer to Maintaining the RMAN repository on page 66.
When a request is issued to delete a backup file from the RMAN repository,RMAN sends the request to NetBackup to delete the corresponding image
from the NetBackup repository, regardless of the retention level.
The client list enumerates the clients on which your NetBackup for Oracle
templates or shell scripts can run during an automatic backup. A NetBackup
client must be in at least one policy but can be in more than one.NetBackup attempts to run each template in the backup selections list for each
client in the client list. If a template is not valid on a particular client, for
example, if the Oracle home specified in the template does not exist on that
client, the template is skipped. A policy can contain multiple clients and
multiple templates. Only a subset of the templates needs to be valid on each
client. If the valid templates are successful, the entire backup is successful.
For a database policy, clients you want to add must have the following softwareinstalled:
Oracle
NetBackup client or server
The backup or XML export archive shell script(s) (unless, for Oracle, you are
using templates)
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Toaddclientstoapolicy
1 In the Policy dialog box, click the Clientstab.
To access the Policy dialog box, double-click the policy name in the Policies
list in the NetBackup administration console.
2 Click New.
3 Enter the name of the client you want to add.
If Oracle is installed in a NetBackup cluster, specify the virtual Oracle name
as the client name.
From the Windows interface
Type the name of the client and press Enter.
If NetBackup cannot detect the hardware and operating system, a
dialog box displays so you can specify this information.
OR
Click the Browse for Computerbutton to choose the client from the
network.
From the Java interface
a In the Client namefield, type the name of the client you want to add.
b Choose the Hardware and operating systemtype and click Add.
4 To add another client, repeat step 2and step 3.
5 If this client is the last client, click OK.
Adding backup selectionsThe backup selections list in a database policy has a different meaning than for
non-database policies. For example, in a Standard or Windows-NT policy, the
list contains files and directories to be backed up. In a database policy, you
specify templates or scripts to be run.
Rules for templates or scripts
Observe the following when using templates or scripts:
Make sure the scripts reside on each client in the client list. Scripts can
reside in any location. Make sure that NetBackup can access the location you
choose and that NetBackup can run the scripts.
Note that templates do not reside on the clients. Templates reside on the
NetBackup master server.
NetBackup installs sample scripts when you install the software, and you
can modify these scripts for your own use. Write the scripts to a location
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outside of the original installation location. This way future NetBackup
installations do not overwrite your sites scripts.
If you use NetBackup for Oracle in a NetBackup server cluster, make sure
that the scripts reside in a location that is available after a failover.
Add templates or scripts to the backup selections list only if you want to set up a
policy for automatic backups. These templates or scripts are run for manual
backups and for Automatic Full Backup, Automatic Differential Incremental
Backup, or Automatic Cumulative Incremental Backup schedules as specified
under the Schedulestab. NetBackup runs the templates or scripts in the order
that the templates or scripts appear in the backup selections list.For more information on backup templates and scripts, seeCreating templates
and shell scripts on page 53.
Adding templates or scripts to the backup selections list
The following procedures describe how to add templates or scripts to the backup
selections list using the Java interface and using the Windows interface.
Caution:Be sure to specify the correct template and script names in the backup
selections list to prevent an error or possibly a wrong operation. Make sure that
the template or script resides on the client before you try to add it to the backup
selections list.
ToaddtemplatesorscriptstothebackupselectionslistfromtheJava
interface
1 Open the Policy dialog box.
To access the Policy dialog box, double-click the policy name in the Policies
list in the NetBackup administration console.
2 Click the Backup Selectionstab.
3 Click New.
4 Specify the names of the templates that you want NetBackup to use.a From the Template Setlist, choose the template type by operation.
b Choose a template from the drop-down Script or Template list or type
the name of a template.
Include the .tpl extension. Do not include the full path.
For example:
weekly_full_backup.tpl
c Click Add.
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d Repeat step a, step b, and step cto add any other templates.
5 Specify the names of the scripts that you want NetBackup to use.
a In the Script:box, type the full path name of a script on the client.
For example:
C:\backup_scripts\db\cold_backup.cmd
b Click Add to add the script to the list.
c Repeat step aand step bto add any other scripts.
6 Click OK.
ToaddtemplatesorscriptstothebackupselectionslistfromtheWindows
interface
1 In the Policy dialog box, click the Backup Selectionstab.
To access the Policy dialog box, double-click the policy name in the Policies
list in the NetBackup administration console.
2 Click New.
3 Specify the names of the templates you want NetBackup to use.
Use one of the following methods:
Type the name of the template with the .tpl extension. Do not include
the full path.
For example:
weekly_full_backup.tpl
Click the Templatebutton. From the Template setlist, choose the
template type by operation. From the Templatelist, choose the correct
template. Click OK.
4 Specify the names of the scripts you want NetBackup to use.
Use one of the following methods:
Type the full path name of the script on the client.
For example:
C:\backup_scripts\db\cold_backup.cmd
Click the Remote Folderbutton.
Navigate to and select the script file. Click OK.
5 Click OK.
Configuring the runtime environment
The order of precedence for runtime configuration is slightly different forscheduled backups using templates than for all other types of backups. The lists
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below show the order of precedence for each situation. The following is the
order of precedence for the runtime configuration variable settings.
Scheduled backups with templates:
1 Environment variables set by NetBackup.
For more information, see Environment variables set by NetBackup for
Oracle on page 53.
2 Environment variables set by the user.
For RMAN backups, these are set by the user with the Oracle RMAN
sendcommand and parmsoperand.For more information, see Oracle RMAN environment on page 51.
For XML export archives, environment variables are set by the user in
the XML export parameter file.
For more information, see Environment variables set by a user in the
XML export parameter file on page 52.
All other Oracle backups:
1 Environment variables set by the user.
For RMAN backups, these are set by the user with the Oracle RMAN
sendcommand and parmsoperand.
For more information, see Oracle RMAN environment on page 51.
For XML expo