Sylvia Martinez [email protected] Twitter: …...You can empathize with people, animals, or...

© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com

Sylvia Martinez [email protected]: @smartinez sylviamartinez.com

Empathy &STEAM

http://sylviamartinez.com



Invent To Learn: Making, Tinkering, and Engineering in the Classroom

www.InventToLearn.com

Maker tools, materials, & tech

Tinkering mindset

Engineering design

Make the case for “making” in the classroom

robotics e-textiles 3D printing micro:bit Scratch Raspberry Pi programming electronics sensors laser cutters STEM/STEAM



http://www.InventToLearn.com

http://www.InventToLearn.com


Making in the K-3

Classroom

Alice Baggett

Why, How,

Exciting STEM Projects!

Y The Invent to Learn Guide to

and Wow!

Invent to Learn Guides

Books from CMK Press cmkpress.com



http://cmkpress.com

http://cmkpress.com


Virtual Handout

https://sylviamartinez.com/handout/



“Science is a tool, and we invent tools to do things we want. It’s a question of how those tools are used by people.” - Margaret Atwood


What is the role of the STEAM teaching

community in developing ethics and empathy?




Teach Ethics

vs.

Develop Ethics




STEAMAction AestheticsAgencyDesign




STEAMA is the verb -

it’s what you do




“For people in the Deaf community, and linguists, the sign-language glove is rooted in the preoccupations of the hearing world, not the needs of Deaf signers.”




What’s the Difference?




Can Do

vs.

Should Do




Common Ethical Concerns of Educational Technology

• Digital citizenship

• Intellectual property

• Bullying

• Social media

• Digital footprint

• Information privacy

• Legal obligations (FERPA, etc.)




Technology Ethical Dilemmas• Personalized genetic tests/personalized medicine• Hacking into medical devices• Driverless cars• 3-D printing• Adaptation to climate change• Low-quality and counterfeit pharmaceuticals• Autonomous systems• Human-animal hybrids (chimeras)• Ensuring access to wireless and spectrum• Data collection and privacy• Human enhancements

University of Notre Dame's John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology and Values




University of Notre Dame's John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology and Values

Technology Ethical Dilemmas• Personalized genetic tests/personalized medicine• Hacking into medical devices• Driverless cars• 3-D printing• Adaptation to climate change• Low-quality and counterfeit pharmaceuticals• Autonomous systems• Human-animal hybrids (chimeras)• Ensuring access to wireless and spectrum• Data collection and privacy• Human enhancements

What’s appropriate (and practical) for students to address?




• Students can experiment/simulate without risk• New project ideas• Thought experiments• Personal interest• Generational fluency• A belief that this is something they can and will

be asked to take charge of• Computational literacy

Technology Ethical Dilemmas




“Pick any field “X,” from archaeology to zoology. There either is now a “computational X”, or there soon will be. Doctors, lawyers, teachers, farmers, whatever—the future of all these professions will be full of computational thinking. ” - Stephan Wolfram




Students discuss case studies of realistic, but mostly social situations




Fabrication




Ethical questions• Should we add to the amount of plastic

stuff in the world?

• Are there greener alternatives to printer

• It’s legal to make a gun (in the US) - should it be legal to 3D print one?

Legal questions

• Should you make a Baby Yoda keychain?




World Economic Forum Global Shapers 2016 Survey - 26,000 responses 18 to 35 year olds from 187 countries and territories

Young people are concerned…




but optimistic

World Economic Forum Global Shapers 2016 Survey - 26,000 responses 18 to 35 year olds from 187 countries and territories




Fairness

Mimi & Eunice, “Freedom or Fairness?” by Nancy Paley http://mimiandeunice.com/2011/09/12/freedom-or-fairness/



http://mimiandeunice.com/2011/09/12/freedom-or-fairness/





Algorithm Bias• All algorithms have

bias

• Lack of diversity in data pools

• Lack of diversity in people creating algorithms




AI based on biased data sets results in biased outcomes




Biased dispenser - lemonade is diluted based on postal code financial demographics




Am I Normal?



Making Models in STEAM

• Explain your work

• Make a diagram, blueprint, sketch or drawing

• Make a prototype to scale

• Program a simulation

• Make a conceptual model

• Mentor someone

• Make an infographic, or data visual

• Design a scientific test cmpress.com

http://cmpress.com

http://cmpress.com


The Trolley Problem

• Ethics, not technology

• Value of lives

• Would you pay to influence the decision (toll lanes, first class)




“Kids born today will never get to drive a car.” Henrik Christensen, director of the University of California San Diego’s Contextual Robotics Institute.



http://jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/contextualrobotics/

http://jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/contextualrobotics/


Google AI Experiments




Encourage evidence-based conversations




Ethics come from Empathy



© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.comWikimedia Commons

Empathy is too narrowly defined if you limit it to “audience.” This focus reveals the origins of the design

thinking process in product development and marketing.

You can empathize with people, animals, or the whole world. You can design things that bring beauty and joy to

the world. It doesn’t have to always solve a problem or win Shark Tank.

Sometimes ethical design is not popular.




There are new opportunities for

students to exercise their ethical muscles




Fourth industrial

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Industrial_Revolution

“Blurring the lines between physical, digital, and biological spheres.”



Circular Design• Takes into account all aspects of

product or system life-cycle, from material source to eventual disposal

• Use waste-stream products as source materials

• Design to eliminate waste and pollution

• Sustainability

• True life-cycle costsCopyright © 2019 Sand & Birch Design

Biomaking & BiohackingBiomaking - Making with Biology

• Grow materials out of fungus, bacteria, and other organisms

• Students learn about the invisible living world around us

• Connections to global cultures that make, eat, and use materials that might seem “yucky”

• Understand global ecological issues

• Accessible now

Biohacking - Biology Making • Synthetic biology

• Design with biological materials, including manipulating genetics

• Students learn how biology is another tool for design.

• Connect to cutting edge real-world research and applications: new drugs, bacteria that detect chemicals, smart materials, programmable bio-organisms

• For brave pioneers

Fungus “monster” pots

Genetically modified bacteria glows in

presence of pollution

Starting Biomaking1. Mycelium fungus. The root structure of fungus can be

coaxed to grow into a wide variety of shapes and properties from flexible leather-like to styrofoam to wood-like and more.

2. Kombucha leather. Bacterial cellulose sheets of leather-like material that are grown by creating a culture of bacteria and yeast in kombucha (fermented tea).

3. Bioplastics. Easy to use materials like agar (red algae) or chitin (crustacean and insect shells) can mimic plastic material.

MYCELIUM - the root structure of fungus

Mushrooms are the fruiting body of fungus

youtu.be/jBXGFOk5_RsFungus as a Design Material

http://youtu.be/jBXGFOk5_Rs



Mycelium-based products are available NOW. They can be grown into molded shapes of varying weight, strength, and flexibility



Coffee Grounds Hemp Bark

Mycelium “Monster” Planters - Forms designed in Tinkercad & 3D printed

used with permission - Corinne Takara

Mycelium Resources• Evocative - Design resources ecovativedesign.com. Buy the GIY

material grow.bio

• Growing mycelium - biofabforum.org/t/growing-materials-at-home-hard-mycelium-materials-manual/201

• Erik Nauman blogs about his classroom lessons learned making mycelium packaging - metatek.blogspot.com/2019/03/learning-with-mycelium-packaging-of.html

• Mycoworks - Fungus-based leather http://www.mycoworks.com

• Mycoworks video - youtu.be/jBXGFOk5_Rs

• Fantastic Fungi - a documentary about how mushrooms might save the planet fantasticfungi.com

• Radical Mycology -a book and website with essays about the importantance of fungi to the world and resources for growing radicalmycology.com

• Dezeen - Mycelium projects (wide variety of difficulty) dezeen.com/tag/mycelium-design/

• Midwest Grow Kits - buy pre-packaged spores and other mushroom growing products midwestgrowkits.com

Follow#biomaking #mycellium

@FantasticFungi

http://ecovativedesign.com

http://biofabforum.org/t/growing-materials-at-home-hard-mycelium-materials-manual/201



https://metatek.blogspot.com/2019/03/learning-with-mycelium-packaging-of.html



http://www.mycoworks.com


https://fantasticfungi.com

http://radicalmycology.com

http://dezeen.com/tag/mycelium-design/

http://midwestgrowkits.com

http://ecovativedesign.com







http://www.mycoworks.com


https://fantasticfungi.com

http://radicalmycology.com

http://dezeen.com/tag/mycelium-design/

http://midwestgrowkits.com

BACTERIAL CELLULOSE - the stuff that grows in Kombucha drinks

By Lukas Chin - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39194866

SCOBY - symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast

By Hexatekin - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=74530889


Replace animal products

Suzanne Lee



Find at: http://bit.ly/FETCSM https://publiclab.org/system/images/photos/000/023/355/original/k_leather_HealthMLab.pdf

Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - healthymaterialslab.org

http://bit.ly/FETCSM

http://bit.ly/FETCSM

Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - healthymaterialslab.org

Corinne Takara’s BioBuddies Kombucha Leather Sun Dials/Pocketshttps://giybiobuddies.weebly.com/resources.html

2 - 3 weeks

+

Corinne Takara - used with permission

Bacterial Cellulose Resources• NEST Makerspace - nestmakerspace.weebly.com

• Corinne Takara - Winning BioDesign Challenge Project giybiobuddies.weebly.com

• BioDesign Competition - biodesignchallenge.org

• The Tech Interactive Museum BioDesign Studio - thetech.org/biodesignstudio

• Suzanne Lee TED Talk - How to Grow Your Own Clothes ted.com/talks/suzanne_lee_grow_your_own_clothes

• Public Lab - Kombucha Leather open resources and Q&A publiclab.org/wiki/kombucha-leather

• Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - Recipes, guides, research healthymaterialslab.org

• Materiom - recipes materiom.org

• Is Kombucha Alcoholic? - delishably.com/beverages/Is-Kombucha-Alcoholic

Follow

#biomaking #kombuchaleather

#biofabrication #veganleather

https://nestmakerspace.weebly.com

https://giybiobuddies.weebly.com

http://biodesignchallenge.org

http://thetech.org/biodesignstudio


http://ted.com/talks/suzanne_lee_grow_your_own_clothes

http://publiclab.org/wiki/kombucha-leather

http://healthymaterialslab.org

http://materiom.org

https://delishably.com/beverages/Is-Kombucha-Alcoholic


https://nestmakerspace.weebly.com

https://giybiobuddies.weebly.com

http://biodesignchallenge.org



http://ted.com/talks/suzanne_lee_grow_your_own_clothes

http://publiclab.org/wiki/kombucha-leather

http://healthymaterialslab.org

http://materiom.org



BIOPLASTICS

“The world has produced over nine billion tons of plastic since the 1950s. 165 million tons of it have trashed our ocean, with almost 9 million more tons entering the oceans each year. Since only about 9 percent of plastic gets recycled, much of the rest pollutes the environment or sits in landfills, where it can take up to 500 years to decompose while leaching toxic chemicals into the ground.”

The Truth About Bioplastics - Columbia University Earth Institute


Bioplastics Chitosan (shrimp shells) second most abundant organic material on Earth

Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering

Water soluble 3D printed architectural panels made from shrimp shells with light sensitive organisms trapped in air bubblesNeri Oxman, MIT



notpla.com

http://notpla.com

http://notpla.com

LEGO now uses a polyethylene plastic made from ethanol produced from sustainably sourced sugar cane for the trees, leaves and other vegetation in kits. It hopes to produce all LEGO pieces from the bioplastic by 2030.

Best materials for classrooms for bioplastics investigations

• Agar (agar agar) - Red algae. Used in Japanese cooking, petri dishes.

• Chitosan - made from chitin (mainly shrimp & crab shells). Used as a natural bio-pesticide, water filter, bioadhesive, wound dressing.

• Gelatin plastic - easy to source and make (but is an animal product).

source: wikimedia

https://youtu.be/5M_eDLyfzp8

Corinne Takara - used with permission

BioPlastics Resources

• Notpla Food pods - notpla.com

• Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering (Harvard) - wyss.harvard.edu

• Agar based packaging - materialdistrict.com/article/agar-plasticity-exciting-potential-seaweed-based-packaging/

• Multiple recipes for making your own algae based plastic making-biodiesel-books.com/algae-bioproducts/algae-bioplastics/make-bioplastics-from-algae/

• Materiom - Chitosan plastic - materiom.org/recipe/48. Gelatin plastic materiom.org/recipe/22

Follow#bioplastics

#breakfreefromplastic #sustainabledesign

https://www.notpla.com

http://wyss.harvard.edu

https://materialdistrict.com/article/agar-plasticity-exciting-potential-seaweed-based-packaging/




http://making-biodiesel-books.com/algae-bioproducts/algae-bioplastics/make-bioplastics-from-algae/




https://materiom.org/recipe/48



https://www.notpla.com

http://wyss.harvard.edu












https://biojamcamp.weebly.com/kit-contents.html

Bio Jam Camp


Makers UniteSolve problems with:

• Open source technology

• Open designs

• Open information channels

• Open invitation to all - newcomers and veterans alike



birds.cornell.edu/citizenscience


Opportunities for• Students as experts

• Collaboration with near or far away family members

• Participation in the conversations of a real community

• Parents as experts



Biomaking & BiohackingBiomaking - Making with Biology

• Grow materials out of fungus, bacteria, and other organisms

• Students learn about the invisible living world around us

• Connections to global cultures that make, eat, and use materials that might seem “yucky”

• Understand global ecological issues

• Accessible now

Biohacking - Biology Making • Synthetic biology

• Design with biological materials, including manipulating genetics

• Students learn how biology is another tool for design.

• Connect to cutting edge real-world research and applications: new drugs, bacteria that detect chemicals, smart materials, programmable bio-organisms

• For brave pioneers

Fungus “monster” pots

Genetically modified bacteria glows in

presence of pollution


Synthetic biology

• We can design building blocks of life, combine and remix them

• DNA can now be fabricated, genetics altered to create desired characteristics

• Don’t have to wait for evolution

• Design microbes that generate cheap alternative energy, attack tumors, deliver medicine, detect fertilizer runoff in drinking water, reveal the location of land mines…



Hackuarium

• wiki.hackuarium.ch/

• Resources, projects, open source activities, tool lists

http://wiki.hackuarium.ch/

http://wiki.hackuarium.ch/


BioBuilderTextbookOpen source curriculum

biobuilder.org






biobuilder.orgResources, lab kits, workshops



the-odin.com

https://www.the-odin.com

https://www.the-odin.com

Harvard BioAcademy - http://bio.academany.org


biomakerlab• Prototype stage: a low cost

mobile lab device used to genetically modify and fabricate (grow) bacterial or yeast cells

• 3 units of HS curriculum being developed with UPenn (PennDesign Emerging Design Practices, and Grad School of Education)

Justice Walker, grad student, teaching HS




This high school synthetic biology workshop used a microblogging site to host

discussions led by students of the social and scientific

impacts of synthetic biology.

Shaw, Mia, Justice Walker, and Yasmin Kafai. "Arguing about Synthetic Biology in 140 Characters or Less: Affordances of Microblogging for High School Students Discussions of Socioscientific Issues." (2019).



Outcomes• Extend projects over time, integrate with other ongoing

projects. Growing things takes time

• Teach students to slow down

• Improve observation skills

• Improve relationship with natural world - especially “icky” things

• STEAM - artistic use of materials, cultural connections, ecology, concern about environment

• Encourage young people that the problems of the world can be solved - by them

gaudi.ch/GaudiLabs/

http://www.gaudi.ch/GaudiLabs/

http://www.gaudi.ch/GaudiLabs/

Barron, B., Martin, C. K., Takeuchi, L., & Fithian, R. (2009). Parents as learning partners in the development of technological fluency. Stanford University

How Parents Can Help1. Teacher. Teach children new concepts and answer questions.2. Learning Broker. Find or create opportunities for scientific play

and exploration. Set up connections that children can maintain themselves.

3. Project collaborator. Work together on projects of interest.4. Resource provider. Acquire books, tools, and materials.5. Employer. Ask a child to do a specific job, fix things, or make

useful things for the family.6. Learner. Listen when your child wants to explain things. Ask

for their explanations without jumping in with the “right” answer.7. Supporter. Offer encouragement and advice.


“Action indeed is the sole medium of expression for ethics.”

Jane Addams - suffragette, social reformer, Nobel Peace Prize winner

“The good we secure for ourselves is precarious and uncertain until it is secured for all of us and

incorporated into our common life.”




Not about jobs.

and change the world.

About powerful opportunities to make sense of the world




Making in the K-3

Classroom

Alice Baggett

Why, How,

Exciting STEM Projects!

Y The Invent to Learn Guide to

and Wow!

Invent to Learn Guides

Books from CMK Press cmkpress.com



http://cmkpress.com

http://cmkpress.com


Thank you!Sylvia Martinez

[email protected]

sylviamartinez.com

Twitter: @smartinez

inventtolearn.com



mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Sylvia Martinez [email protected] Twitter: …...You can empathize with people, animals, or...

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