Sustainable Computing
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Transcript of Sustainable Computing
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SustainableComputing
Making your computing activities sustainableMaking you computing budget go further
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Did you know … That power makes up >½ a computing budget? That 90% of PCs have power management
disabled or crippled? That PCs waste around ½ the energy they use? That PCs lose around ⅓ their power as heat? That a PC can use over 800kWhr/yr (~$300pa) That manufacturing a PC consumes double its
weight in fossil fuels? That peripherals (printers, routers. switches,
etc) may be just as bad? That computing creates around 2% of global
CO2 emissions? That’s the same CO2 as the aviation industry!
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Aims of Sustainable ComputingMinimise costsOperatingCapitalConsumables
Minimise wasteMaximiseSystem lifeEssential performance, flexibility, …
Minimise environmental footprint
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Optimise PC Power Management
Save up to 80% of PC power use Up to 60% network-wide
Minimal cost to implementCan be centrally managedRequires analysis of usageFor monitors, as well
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Enable hibernation
Maximises power savingsEquivalent to turning PC offBut much faster to restart
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Turn hardware off
Can be scheduledRestart can be
scheduled, tooTurn off at wall for
maximum savings Includes monitor,
printers, etc
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Does Power-cycling harm PCs?
Urban mythTo harm a PCPower cycle >40,000 timesOnce per working hour for
20 yearsThe less a PC is on, the
longer it will lastThe less power it will waste
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Optimise peripheral sleep mode
Printers, routers, access points,monitors, etcEnable sleep modeCustomise time-to-sleep
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Reduce power-on times
Schedule start-up If manual start-up impractical
Install power timersDevices without power timers
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Screen-savers …
Don’t save screensConsume energyCPUMonitorGraphics card
Turn monitor offAutomate monitor stand-by
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Minimise paper usage
Use duplex printingSet as printer default
Reuse single-sided printedpaperAdd a paper tray
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Recycling
Use recycledPaperPrinter cartridges
Buy consumables in recycled/recyclable packagingRecycle waste paperOr compost
Recycle printer cartridges
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Do you have multiple servers?
Can you virtualise?E.g., Windows on Linux
Can you consolidate?e.g., email/directory/terminal/SQL server
Replaces several servers with one
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Do you have many users?
Can you virtualise?Replace full PCs with thin clientsContinue to use old hardware
Can you “right-size” PC performance?
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“Right-sizing” computers
Don’t over-specifyCheap hardware obsoletes quicklyMaximise life-cycle performance &
durabilityMinimise unused
performancePotentially reduce
purchase costs
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Energy-efficient computer design
Select components for energy efficiency &power management CPU Motherboard Hard disk Graphics card Power supply Display Case (cooling)
~$30/PC, ~$45/server
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Optimise network design
Higher network speeds high power 100Mb Gigabit: up to 4W/connection
Are higher speeds required everywhere?
Can unused network ports be disabled?
Don’t use non-essential WiFi 55Mbps up to 20W/client
Higher networkoverheads 55Mbps nominal ≈18Mbps actual (best)
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Smart network technologies
Link-down > power-downCable length power settingSmart-fan & fanless designsWake-on-LanScheduled WiFi, PoEHibernationWiFi output power managementNAS hard disk power-downUp to 80% power saving
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Device consolidation
Printer/fax/copier/scannerCheck stand-by power
consumption less thanseparate fax machine
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Printers Laser v/s inkjet Laser consumables cheaper, more sustainable
(per page) Inkjet power consumption lower Most lasers replace drum
plus tonerOptimise device selection Peak power consumption Standby/sleep mode
consumption & configurability TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)
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Optimise usage practices
Get off the upgrade cycleUse PCs for the purpose they were
bought forReduce hard copy
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eWasteMinimiseMaximise life of hardware
ReuseReassign old hardware Internally & externally
Securely erase confidential/ personal databefore disposal
RecycleRecycle consumablesRecycle ewaste
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The BenefitsReduce ITPower consumption by up to 85% IT hardware purchase costsMaintenance & support costsConsumables expensesWaste costsSoftware costs
Extend hardware life