strateško upravljanje troškovima s posebnim osvrtom na troškove kompleksnosti strategic cost
STRATEŠKO UPRAVLJANJE TROŠKOVIMA S POSEBNIM ...
Transcript of STRATEŠKO UPRAVLJANJE TROŠKOVIMA S POSEBNIM ...
Dr. Mira Šunjić-Beus, redovan profesor1
Dr. Danijela Martinović, docent2
Mr. Ljiljan Veselinović3
STRATEŠKO UPRAVLJANJE TROŠKOVIMA
S POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA
TROŠKOVE KOMPLEKSNOSTI
SAŽETAK:
Savremeni uvjeti poslovanja u globaliziranom svijetu i ekonomska kriza su stvorili potrebu redefiniranja
fundamenata na kojima poslovni svijet počiva. Potreba za izmjenom poslovne strategije, misije i vizije
poslovanja, zahtjevi za detaljnijim propitivanjem uloge kompanija, većom fleksibilnostiu kreiranju
operativnih modela i same organizacije preduzeća su fokus vratili na problematiku efikasnog strateškog
upravljanja kompanijama. Značajan aspekt strateškog upravljanja u uvjetima ekonomske krize
predstavlja i strateško upravljanje troškovima. Štoviše, efikasno upravljanje troškovima u savremenim
uvjetima poslovanja postaje poslovni imperativ. Efikasno upravljanje predstavlja odmak od
tradicionalnog koncepta upravljanja koji se svodio na smanjivanje troškova. Smanjivanje troškova kao
cilj se provodio neovisno o drugim ciljevima koji su se odnosili na povećanje konkurentnosti, kvalitete
proizvoda i usluga. Smanjivanje troškova, bez uvažavanja drugih dimenzija poslovanja i ciljeva
kompanija, je često bilo na uštrb kvalitete, konkurentnosti i održivog rasta i razvoja. Kratkoročni
profitni ciljevi nisu u obzir uzimali ostvarivanje gore navedenih dugoročnih ciljeva. Isto tako, pažnja se
nije dovoljno posvećivala prirodi samih troškova, njihovim uzročnicima i njihovoj vezi s ostvarenim
rezultatima. Govorilo se o neizbježnosti nastanka nekih vrsta troškova, o manjoj ili većoj mogućnosti
njihovog otklanjanja. Ekonomska teorija, počivajući na premisama savršene konkurencije, je razvila
koncept fiksnihi varijabilnih troškova. Mnogobrojne metode su razvijene u cilju utjecaja, tj. otklanjanja
i smanjivanja navedenih troškova. No, stvarni uvjeti poslovanja su dokazali postojanje nelinearnosti
troškova, dominaciju mješovitih (a ne čisto fiksnih i varijabilnih), kompleksnih troškova te postojanje
„neophodnih“ troškova za ostvarivanje ciljeva kompanije. Troškovi kvalitete (nazvani i troškovi za
kvalitetu, te troškovi nekvalitete) su najbolji primjer za navedeno. Kao rezultat evolucije ekonomske
teorije i prakse, sve manje se govori o smanjivanju, a sve više o upravljanju troškovima. U nastavku
teksta će biti riječi o strateškom upravljanju troškovima koje uvažava poslovnu strategiju i hijerarhiju
ciljeva kao i specifičnosti svake pojedine kompanije.
Ključne riječi:strateško upravljanje troškovima, troškovi, troškovi kompleksnosti
JEL:D24
STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT WITH PARTICULAR
OVERVIEW OF COMPLEXITY COSTS
1 Ekonomski fakultet u Sarajevu, Trg oslobođenja 1, 71000 Sarajevo, e-mail: [email protected]
2Ekonomski fakultet u Sarajevu, Trg oslobođenja 1, 71000 Sarajevo, e-mail: [email protected]
3Ekonomski fakultet u Sarajevu, Trg oslobođenja 1, 71000 Sarajevo, e-mail: [email protected]
SUMMARY
Modern business conditions in a globalized world and the economic crisis havecreated a need to
redefine the foundations on which the businesses are based. The need for change in mission, vision and
business strategy requires more detailed examination of the role of companies, greater flexibility in
designing the operating model and effective strategic management. An important aspect of strategic
management isaspect of strategic cost management. Effective cost management in contemporary
business conditions is becoming a business imperative. Effective cost management has a different
approach from the traditional concept of management that is more focusedon reducing costs. Reducing
costs was carried out independently of other companies’ goalssuch as increased competitiveness,
quality of products and services etc. Reducing costs, without taking into account other dimensions of
business and company goals, was often done at the expense of quality, competitiveness and sustainable
growth and development. Short-term profit goals did not take into account the realization of the long-
term goals. Not enough attention is also paid to the nature of the costs themselves, their causes and their
relation to actual performances. Some costs were considered to be inevitable and effective management
of them could gain more or less improvement. Economic theory, resting on the premise of perfect
competition, has developed the concept of fixed and variable costs. Numerous methods have been
developed in order to analyze impact of these costs. However, the actual business conditions have
proven the existence of nonlinearity of the cost, the dominance of mixed (and not purely fixed and
variable), existence of complexity costs and “unavoidable”costs of achieving company goals. Quality
costs (also called expenses for the quality and cost of poor quality) are the best example for that. As a
result of the evolution of economic theory and practice, the less we talk about reducing, and more on
managing costs. This paper focuses on the strategic cost management that does not ignore the hierarchy
of business objectives, strategy and specifics of each company.
Mr. sc. Amra Abadžić, dipl. oec.4
ULOGA MENADŽMENTA U PROCESU MONITORINGA
STRATEGIJE LOKALNOG RAZVOJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
SAŽETAK
Lokalni razvoj je posljedica svojevremenog eksperimentiranja procesima decentralizacije usljed
intenzivnih procesa globalizacije privrede i povećavanja mobilnosti kapitala. Specifičnosti
menadžmenta monitoringa strategije lokalnog razvoja odnose se na specifičnosti planiranja i
organiziranja monitoringa strategije lokalnog razvoja, te ljudskim resursima koji se bave vođenjem
monitoringa strategije lokalnog razvoja u Bosni i Hercegovini. Monitoring osigurava menadžerima
projekta, odnosno strategije, kao i svim učesnicima lokalnog ekonomskog razvoja, da kontinuirano
osiguravaju povratnu informaciju o implementaciji te strategije, odnosno rezultatima te implementacije.
Učeći iz iskustava starih i novih zemalja članica EU, drugih zemalja pristupnica, regije i gradova
značajan broj lokalnih zajednica u Bosni i Hercegovini je aktivno pristupio strateškom planiranju
lokalnog razvoja. Očekivani rezultati treba da omoguće organima jedinica lokalne samouprave bolje
razumijevanje uloge i značaja procesa strateškog planiranja lokalnog razvoja, da jasno definišu
najvažnije uloge i odgovornosti, te da pravovremeno i kvalitetno donesu ključne odluke i izvrše svoje
obaveze posebno u provođenju monitoringa strategija i planova lokalnog razvoja.
Ključne riječi: menadžment, monitoring, strategija lokalnog razvoja
JEL:M 00, O 10
MANAGEMENT ROLE IN PROCESS OF LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
SUMMARY
Localdevelopment presents consequences of experimentation with decentralizationprocessdue
tointensiveprocessesof the economy’ globalizationand increasing of capital’ mobility. Specificsof
management monitoringof local developmentstrategy isrelatedto thespecificsof planningand
organizingof monitoringof local developmentstrategyandhuman resources who are dealing
withmanagement monitoringof local developmentstrategy in BosniaandHerzegovina.
Monitoringprovides to managers ofprojectandstrategies, as well as toall otherparticipantsof
localeconomic development, a possibility toprovidecontinuousfeedback of implementation of strategy
andresultsof thatimplementation.By learningfrom the experienceof oldand newEU member, than from
otherintrant’ countries, regions and cities,a significantnumber of localcommunities
inBosniaandHerzegovinahas activelyjoined to thestrategic planningof local development. Expected
resultsshouldprovide to thelocal governments abetterunderstanding of the roleandimportanceof
strategicplanningof local development. Based on expected results management should clearly define
theirmajorroles andresponsibilities, they also should timelyand qualitybring the key decisionsand to
4Vlada Brčko Distrikta, Bulevar mira 1., Brčko, Bosna i Hercegovina,
tel: +387 49 240 678; mob: +387 61 682 614; e-mail: [email protected]
perform theirduties, especially inthe implementationof monitoring strategies andlocal development
plans.
Keywords:management, monitoring, local development strategy
Nezir Huseinspahić 5
MJERENJE UTJECAJA OČEKIVANJA PACIJENATA NA
PERCIPIRANI KVALITET USLUGA KORIŠTENJEM
PONDERISANOG
SERVQUAL MODELA
SAŽETAK
Polazeći od osnovnih karakteristika modela mjerenja kvaliteta u radu prezentiramo rezultate
istraživanja provedenih među korisnicima zdravstvenih usluga i mjerenje utjecaja njihovih prethodnih
očekivanja na percepciju kvaliteta usluga koristeći ponderisani SERVQUAL model na bazi razlike
percipiranog i očekivanog kvaliteta. Predmet istraživanja je mjerenje percipiranih i očekivanih usluga
i upoređivanje rezultata u cilju ocjene percipiranog kvaliteta zdravstvenih usluga i utjecaju očekivanja
na nivo percipiranog funkcionalnog kvaliteta usluga. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da nivo
prethodnih očekivanja ima izuzetno visok značaj za percipiranje nivoa funkcionalnog kvaliteta za
pojedine vrste usluga. Ispitanici sa visokim nivoom očekivanja pokazali su visok nivo zahtjeva prema
zdravstvenoj ustanovi. To je uslovilo negativnu razliku između percipiranog i očekivanog kvaliteta kod
ovih korisnika implicirajući relativno visoke vrijednosti percipirano - očekivano. Istraživanje je
potvrdilo da se pri korištenju modela mjerenja kvaliteta usluga u zdravstvu potrebno voditi računa o
prethodnim očekivanjima pacijenata, te o njihovim karakteristikama i zahtjevima.
Ključne riječi: funkcionalni kvalitet zdravstvene usluge, percepcije i očekivanja pacijenata.
JEL:M53
MEASUREMENT OF INFLUENCE OF PATIENTS’ EXPECTATIONS
TO PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY BY USING WEIGHTED
SERVQUAL MODEL
SUMMARY
Starting from basic characteristics of measurement model of quality in the paper we present the results
of research conducted amongst users of health services and measurement of influence of their previous
expectations to perceived service quality using SERVQUAL model on the basis of the difference between
perceived and expected quality. The subject of research is measurement of perceived and expected
services and comparison of results for the purposes of validating perceived quality of health care
services and the influence of expectations to the level of perceived functional quality of services. The
results of research have shown that the level of previous expectations has extremely high significance
for perceiving the level of functional quality for individual types of services. The examinees with high
level of expectations have shown high level of demands towards health care institution. This has caused
negative difference between perceived and expected quality at these users, implying relatively high
values of perceived - expected. The research has confirmed that it is necessary to take care of previous
5dr. Nezir Huseinspahić, Zavod za zdravstveno osiguranje SBK / KSB, Novi Travnik.
expectations of patients, as well as of their characteristics and demands while using measurement model
of service quality in health care.
Key words: functional quality of health care service, perception and expectations of patients.
Ishak Mešić 6
Diana Babić 7
MARKETINGSTRATEGIJE TRGOVAČKIH PREDUZEĆA U BIH
SAŽETAK
Ovaj rad ima za cilj da istraži primjenu savremenih formi marketinških strategija u poslovanju
trgovačkih preduzeća u Bosni i Hercegovini. Promjene veličine i strukture trgovačkih preduzeća
prouzrokovale su restruktuiranje upravljanja istim, te inicirale razvoj i implementaciju savremenih
formi marketinških strategija u trgovačkim preduzećima u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Istraživanja sprovedena sa ciljem saznanja o primjeni savremenih formi marketinških strategija u
poslovanju trgovačkih preduzeća u Bosni i Hercegovini pokazala su da trgovačka preduzeća u našoj
zemlji primjenjuje različite varijante savremenih formi marketinških strategija poslovanja.
Rezultati navedenih istraživanja također su pokazali da, u cilju građenja konkurentske prednosti,
uspješna trgovačka preduzeća u Bosni i Hercegovini prihvaćaju ciljni marketingu kojem razlikuju
glavne tržišne segmente, odabirući jedan ili više tih segmenata i razvijajući ponudu i programe
marketing miksa prilagođene svakom segmentu posebno.
I dok strategijom segmentacije trgovci rješavaju problem približavanja ciljnim kupcima, dotle
strategijom diferenciranja trgovačka preduzeća općenito, pa i ona u Bosni i Hercegovini pokušavaju da
razrješe odnos sa sve oštrijom i nemilosrdnijom konkurencijom.
Istraživanja su pokazala da domaća trgovačka preduzeća na tržištu Bosne i Hercegovine prevashodno
razvijaju strategiju diferenciranja, dok inostrani trgovački lanci u BiH sa već izgrađenom reginonalnom
reputacijom, svoju konkurentsku prednost grade na osnovu strategije pozicioniranja.
Ključne riječi:marketing strategije, trgovina, konkurentska prednost
JEL: M30
MARKETINGSTRATEGIES OF
TRADING COMPANIES IN B&H
SUMMARY
Overall trade activity takes place between market purchases and sales market in very
competitiveenvironment. Successful operation of commercial companies in such a competitive
environment involves the application of modern forms of marketing strategies.
In fact, changes in size and structure of trade companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina caused restricting
of their management, and initiated the implementation of modern forms of marketing strategies in the
business of commercial enterprises in our country.
In theory and practice of commercial marketing, numerous of marketing strategies have been developed
numerous of marketing strategies, but there are three basic: segmenting, differentiating and positioning.
6Dr. sc. Ishak Mešić, vanredni profesor, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
7Mr. sc. Diana Babić, viši asistent, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
Therefore, successful commercial companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina are accepting target marketing
in which they recognized the main market segments, selecting one or more of these segments by
developing the offers of marketing mixes and programs customized for each of segment separately.
In particular, this is theopportunity for companies with narrow assortment , aiming especially at the
lower of market ,so theycan build their competitive advantage through the strategy mentioned above
(for example , Bosnian company "Mega-M" is the exclusive distributor of white cement from Slovakia
to Bosnia, supplying targeted groups of consumers: producers of building facades and warehouses and
it successfully builds its competitive advantage).
Then, commercial companiesin Bosnia and Herzegovina, which areengaged in wholesale and retail
trade in oil, oil derivates, mean of transportation (“Petrol”, “Hold the INA”, “OMV”, “Hifa”, car
showrooms…),build their segmentation strategy and their competitive advantage, since they have
clearly defined characteristics of the target segment.
Even though, general commercial companies, including local commercial companies in Bosnia and
Herzegovina, seek to build competitive advantage with differentiation strategy and defend
themselvesfrom upcoming competition offoreign commercial companies in our market. Relying on the
knowledge of the peculiarities of the domestic market and knowing the pulse of the Bosnian buyer, they
try to build their competitive advantage.
And while the domestic commercial companies on the Bosnian market are trying to differentiate the
package offer, relying on the knowledge of the average domestic consumers ,their habits and
capabilities, at the same timeforeign trade chains with already built regional reputation and position,
havean advantage because potential customers in Bosnia and Herzegovina already know for them and
had already formed perception about them as a reliable supplier of a wide range of quality goods,
regardless of whether they are retailers ( Merkator , KonzumTuš ) or commercialenterprises of selected
range ( “Petrol”, “OBI”, “Merkur”, “Hold INA”).
Therefore, in the end it should be concluded that the implementation of modern forms of marketing
strategy is imperative for the successful operations of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Kywords:marketing strategy, trade, competitive advantage
Mr. Suad Huskić8
dr. Ishak Mešić9
ISTRAŽIVANJE ZADOVOLJSTVA
KORISNIKA JAVNIH USLUGA U
ORGANIMALOKALNE SAMOUPRAVE
SAŽETAK:
Zadovoljstvo korisnika uslugajavne uprave u Bosni i Hercegovini, zbog niza većih ili manjih problema,
često je marginalizirano ili zapostavljeno. Korisnici usluga, njihove potrebe i očekivanja, najčešće nisu
u prvom planu i nemaju adekvatan tretman. Premda u svijetu postoje dokazana iskustva u izgradnji
zadovoljstva korisnika usluga, u Bosni i Hercegovini organi uprave nemaju izgrađen sistem niti obavezu
da mjere zadovoljstvo korisnika i poduzimaju aktivnosti na njegovoj izgradnji.
U radu je predstavljen teoretski koncept kvaliteta usluge i zadovoljstva korisnika sa pregledom
najznačajnijih metoda mjerenja i istraživanja zadovoljstva korisnika usluga. Uz prikaz i procjenu
sadašnjih prilika i mogućnosti implementacije marketing koncepta u radu lokalne samouprave i uprave
u Bosni i Hercegovini, predstavljena su iskustva u reformi javne uprave i lokalne samouprave u
zemljama Evropske unije i svijetu.
U emprijiskom dijelu rada predstavljeno je provedeno istraživanje zadovoljstva korisnika usluga u šest
bosanskohercegovačkih općina, na uzorku od 606 ispitanika, primjenom prilagođenog SERVQUAL
anketnog upitnika. Provedenom statističkom analizom potvrđene su postavljene hipoteze o
prihvatljivosti SERVQUAL metode u istraživanju zadovoljstva korisnika usluga lokalne samouprave,
neispunjenju očekivanja korisnika usluga i utjecaju pojedinih faktora na postojanje zadovoljstva.
Ključne riječi: usluga, kvalitet usluga, zadovoljstvo korisnika usluga, SERVQUAL
JEL:M30, Z18
RESEARCH OF CONTENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE USERS IN LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES
SUMMARY
Satisfaction of users of public services in Bosnia and Herzegovina, due to a number of other major or
minor problems is often marginalized or neglected.Service users, their needs and expectations aren't
usually in the foreground and are often without adequate treatment. Although worldwide there are
proven experience in building customer satisfaction services, Bosnia and Herzegovina's administrations
haven't built a system nor an obligation to measure customer satisfaction and take action on its
construction.
This paper presented theoretical concept of quality service and satisfaction of users, with an overview
of the most important methods of measurement and research of customer service. With a view and
8Općina Tešanj, Trg Alije Izetbegovića 11, [email protected]
9Vanredni profesor, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici,
evaluation of the present situation and possibility of implementing the concept of marketing in local
government and administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is also presented the experience in the
public administration reform and local self-government in European Union countries and the world.
Empirical part ofthe research presented customer satisfaction survey that was carried out in six Bosnian
municipalities with606 people, using a customized SERVQUAL questionnaire. The statistical analysis
confirmed previously set hypotheses about the acceptability of SERVQUAL satisfaction survey
methods in researching customer satisfaction of local self-government services, incompliance of user
expectations services and the impact of individual factors to the existence of satisfaction.
Keywords: services, service quality, customer satisfaction,SERVQUAL
Ishak Mešić10
Đorđe Lazić11
Faruk Unkić12
UPRAVLJANJE ODNOSIMA SA KLIJENTIMA U
E-POSLOVANJU
SAŽETAK
Pred kompanijamase oduvijek postavljao zadatak zadržati klijente sa kojima se ostavrila poslovna
saradnja. E-poslovanje po svojim specifičnostima predstavlja poslovanje koje u principu nema
neposrednog fizičkog kontakta sa klijentima. Kompletan proces poslovanja se odvija u virtualnom
svijetu. Stoga se s pravom postavlja pitanje kako u virtualnom svijetu upravljati odnosima s klijentima
(CRM).Odnosi s klijentima u elektronskom poslovanju predstavljaju novu fazu razvoja marketinga.Ovi
odnosi ogledaju se u razvoju bliskih odnosa i saradnje kompanija sa partnerima, kupcima i
dobavljačima na internetu. Kompanije razvojem e-odnosa stvaraju konkurentsku prednost, a
istovremeno uvođenjem koncepta CRM ostvaruju zadovoljstvo i lojalnost njihovih klijenata u e-
poslovanju.
U radu će se nastojati ispitati koliko se globalni trendovi poslovanja primjenjuju u
bosanskohercegovačkim kompanijama koje se bave elektronskim poslovanjem i koliko su iste upoznate
sa konceptom CRM-a. Nastojaće se doći do informacija o tome koliko su ujedinjeni prodaja, marketing
i usluge klijentima u stvaranju jedinstvenog fronta naspram krajnjeg klijenta. Pored toga, nastojaće se
doći do informacije o tome koliko kompanija ima neko softversko rješenje kao potporu prodaji ikoje
kanale komunikacije koriste.
Cilj ovog rada je dana osnovu izvedenog istraživanja odredi koliko su kompanije upoznate sa konceptom
CRM-a i da li ga koriste u upravljanju u odnosima sa klijentima u elektronskom poslovanju.
Ključne riječi: marketing, odnosi s klijentima, e-poslovanje, lojalnost,konkurencija
JEL: M31
CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN
E-BUSINESS
SUMMARY
Companies have always faced the task how to withhold the clients with whom they have realized business
coorperation. E-business in its specific form represents business which has no direct physical contact
with clients. The complete business process takes place in the virtual world. Therefore, it is rightly asked
how to manage relations with the clients in the virtual world. The relations with the clients in e- business
10Dr. sc. Ishak Mešić, vanredni profesor, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici, Travnička 1, Zenica
11Mr. sc. Đorđe Lazić, dipl.ecc., Ekonomska škola Bijeljina, Račanska 96, Bijeljina
12Mr. sc. Faruk Unkić, profesor informatike, Mješovita srednja škola Tešanj, Patriotske lige S I/34 Tešanj
represent a new phase of marketing development.These relations are reflected in the development of
close relation and cooperation with partner companies, customers and suppliers on the
Internet.Companies developing e - relations create a competitive advantage while, in the meantime, they
also meet contentment and loyalty of their clients in e - business by introducing the CRM concept.
In this paper will be examined how much the global business trends are applied in Bosnian companies
which deal with e - business and how much they are familiar with the concept of CRM. We will try to
get information to what content sales; marketing and customer service are united in the creating of
united fronts toward the last client.In addition, we will try to get information how many companies have
a software solution to support the sale and use of communication channels.
The aim of this paper is to determine to what content the companies are familiar with the concept of
CRM based on the performed research and whether they are used to manage the relations with
customers in electronic business.
Key Words:marketing, customer relationships, e-business, loyalty, competition
JEL: M31
Prof.dr. Damir Kukić13
NOVI MEDIJI I ODNOSI S JAVNOŠĆU : INTERAKCIJA UNUTAR
DRUŠTVENIH MREŽA
SAŽETAK
Pojedina istraživanja, realizirana na ovim prostorima, već su dokazala kako različite (ne)privredne
organizacije shvataju značaj novih medija i kako ih nastoje, u što većoj mjeri, inkorporirati u svoje
svakodnevne aktivnosti. Novi mediji su uspostavili nove obrasce ponašanja jer su promijenili klasičnu
paradigmu komuniciranja. Sada je komunikacijski proces personaliziran što znači da svako ko je član
umreženog društva može kreirati, poslati ili primiti informaciju.
Svi koji se bave odnosima s javnostima trebaju usvojiti znanja za upravljanje novim medijima i upustiti
se u nove oblike komuniciranja. Upotreba novih medija u okviru PR-a označava i kreiranje novog
koncepta koji je povezan s pojmom community management. Ovaj koncept podrazumijeva poznavanje
društvenih medija, njihovu upotrebu za kreiranje i animiranje umreženih zajednica, te poznavanje
principa PR-a i karakteristika firme/organizacije za koju se modeliraju elektronske informacije u okviru
odnosa s javnostima.
Digitalna tehnologija omogućava ulazak u virtualni svijet gdje postoji mnoštvo poruka. Kreiranje
interesantne poruke koja doprinosi poboljšanju imidža i identiteta organizacije i ostvaruje ciljeve
odnosa s javnošću i ciljeve strateškog menadžmentasada zahtijeva i digitalnu pismenost, te novu vrstu
kreativnosti. Interakcija, komunikacija s klijentima, obraćanje različitim javnostima, uključivanje
velikog broja medija, te preferiranje odgovornosti, postali su uobičajeni ciljevi modernih odnosa s
javnošću.
Ključne riječi : novi mediji, odnosi s javnošću, interaktivnost, društvene mreže
JEL:D24
NEW MEDIA AND PUBLIC RELATIONS
SUMMARY
Some studiesrealizedin this region, have already demonstratedthat various(non) commercial
organizationsrealizethe importanceof new mediaand how theytry, as much as possible, incorporateinto
theirdaily activities. Newmediahave establishednew patternsof behaviorbecausethey changed
theparadigm ofclassicalcommunication. Nowis apersonalizedcommunication processwhich meansthat
everyone, whois amember of thenetwork society, can create,send,or receiveinformation.
All whoare engaged inpublic relationsshould adoptknowledgemanagementandnew mediato
engageinnew formsof communication.The useof newmedia inthePRindicates thecreationof a
newconceptthat is associatedwith the concept ofcommunitymanagement. This conceptimplies
aknowledge ofsocial media, their usefor creating andanimatingnetworkedcommunity, and knowledge
13Vanredni profesor na Pedagoškom fakultetu Univerziteta u Zenici,
e-mail: [email protected]
ofpublic relationsprinciplesand characteristics ofthe firm/organizationfor
whichelectronicinformationismodeledin theframework ofpublic relations.
Digital technology allows you to enter a virtual world where there is a lot of messages. Creating an
interesting message, which contributes to improving the image and identity of the organization, which
achieves the objectives of public relations and strategic management objectives, and now requires
digital literacy, and a new kind of creativity. Interaction, communication with clients, addressing
different audiences, the inclusion of a large number of media, and the preference of responsibility, have
become common targets of modern public relations.
Key words : new media, public relations (PR), interactive, social network
Mr. sc. Ramiz Džaferović14
RAČUNOVODSTVENO PRIZNAVANJE I
MJERENJE FINANSIJSKIH OBAVEZA
SAŽETAK
Iako je važno uvijek voditi računa o priznavanju i mjerenju obaveza radi realnog bilansiranja pozicija,
a samim tim i radi izvještavanja, početno priznavanje je ipak osnova svega.
Tu se mogu napraviti greške i posljedice su velike samim tim što ne znamo koliko može trajati greška.
Ukoliko je greška derivatnog karaktera, greška je još veća. Zbog toga se naknadno vrednovanje
finansijske obaveze prihvata kao potreba i kao kontrola ranije učinjenog vrednovanja.
Posebno se greške manifestuju sa značajnim posljedicama kada je u pitanju priznavanje pogotovo ovih
pozicija koje su priznate, a nisu trebale biti,ili obrnuto onih koje nisu priznate, a trebale su biti
bilansirane. Štete u takvim slučajevima mogu biti nesagledive što daje važnost ovom pitanju.
Ključne riječi: početno priznavanje finansijskih obaveza, mjerenje finansijskih obaveza, naknadno
vrednovanje finansijskih obaveza, bilansiranje pozicija, kontrola učinjenog vrednovanja.
JEL: M41
ACCOUNTING RECOGNITION AND
FINANCIAL OBLIGATION MEASUREMENT
SUMMARY
Although it isimportant toalwaystake into account therecognitionand the measurement ofliabilitiesfor
therealbalancing ofpositionsand thereforefor reporting, initialrecognitionisstillthe basisof everything.
The errors can be made at this pointandthe consequencesare greatjust becausewe do not knowhow much
thaterrorcan last.
If the error is of derivative nature, it becomes even greater. Therefore,subsequentevaluation ofthe
financialliabilityis acceptedas a necessityandas a control of anearlierevaluation.
Particularly, errors manifestwith significantconsequenceswhenit comes torecognition,
especiallythosepositions thatarerecognized and they should not be, or the other way around,thosewhich
are not recognizedandtheyshouldbebalanced. Damagesin suchcases maybeunforeseeable, which
givesimportanceto this issue.
Key words: Initial recognition of financial liabilities,Measurement of financial liabilities, Subsequent
evealuation of financial liabilities, Position balancing, Evaluation control;
14Predsjednik Uprave Razvojne banke FBiH
Mr. Elida Ciriković15
ZNAČAJ KORPORATIVNE DRUŠTVENE ODGOVORNOSTI ZA
SAVREMENO POSLOVANJE
SAŽETAK
U savremenim uslovima poslovanja koncept korporativne društvene odgovornosti je sveopšte prihvaćen.
Pod pritiskom međunarodnih institucija, vlada, nevladinih organizacija, potrošača i ostalih
stejkholdera pojačava se pritisak prema kompanijama i preduzetnicima za primjenomovog koncepta i
doprinosa društvu i zajednici u kojoj posluju. Za zemlje u tranzicijii kompanije koje su u procesu
odvajanja vlasništva od upravljanja primjena koncepta korporativne društvene odgovornosti (KDO) je
način na koji kompanije mogu pristupiti odgovornom restruktuiranju. Primjena ovog koncepta dovodi i
do postizanja bolje konkurentske pozicije kompanije na nacionalnom i globalnom tržištu, čime doprinosi
i efektivnijem i efikasnijem poslovanju. Na ovaj se način ona može posmatrati i kao aktivnost društvenog
marketinga. S obzirom na značaj koji ima na poslovanje, aktivnosti KDO treba uključiti u startegijski
plan kompanije, jer njene aktivnosti treba da predstavljaju permanentne, kontinuirane
aktivnosti.Imajući u vidu brojne prednosti koje jedan ovakav koncept nosi sa sobom, odgovornost je
svake kompanije da stalno radi na preduzimaju mjera koje za cilj imaju stalno unapređenje KDO. U
kojoj mjeri će u tome uspjet zavisit će od nivoa svjesti i spremnosti svakog menadžera i radnika u
kompaniji.
Ključne riječi: socijalna odgovornost, marketing, zaštita potrošača, tranzicija, okruženje.
JEL:M14, M31, D18.
IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR
MODERN BUSINESS OPERATIONS
SUMMARY
In modern business environment, the concept of corporate social responsibility is universally accepted.
Under the pressure of international institutions, governments, NGOs, consumers and other
stakeholders, the pressure on companies and entrepreneurs is more intensified inapplying this concept,
as well as society and the community contribution in which they operate. For a countries in transition
and companies that are in the process of separating ownership from management, application of the
concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the way in whichcompanies can access responsible
restructuring. By applying this concept it leads to achieving a better competitive position of company
on national and global markets, thereby contributing to the effective and efficient operation. In this way,
it can be seen as a social marketing activity. Considering the effect it has on the business, the activities
of CSR should be included in the strategic plan of the company, since its activity should present the
permanent and continuous activities. Given the numerous advantages that such a concept entails, is the
15Fakultet Primijenjenih znanosti biznisa - Peć
responsibility of every company to constantly work on undertaking measures aiming at continuous
improvement of CSR. To what extent it will succeed, will depend on the level of awareness and readiness
of each manager and worker in the company.
Key words : social responsibility, marketing, cosumer protection, transition, environment.
JELclassification: M14,M31,D18.
Harun Kahvedžić16
PODUZETNIŠTVO I DRUŠTVENA ODGOVORNOST: PRIMJER
MALIH PREDUZEĆA U OPĆINI ZENICA
SAŽETAK
Iako se o društveno odgovornom poslovanju najčešće govori iz perspektive velikih preduzeća, neupitan
je značaj koji ovaj koncept ima za poslovanje malih i mikro preduzeća. Uspostavljanje čvrste etičke
osnove na samom početku poslovanja preduzeća pretpostavlja poslovanje preduzeća na društveno
odgovoran način i u njegovom daljem rastu i razvoju. Također, imajući u vidu da su mala preduzeća
nosioci ekonomskog rasta i razvoja velikog broja država, što je posebno izraženo u zemljama u razvoju,
te da se njihov broj u svijetu eksponencijalno povećava, to onda nameće potrebu da se koncept i zahtjevi
društvene odgovornosti stave i pred ovaj vid poslovnog djelovanja.
Članak se fokusira na razumijevanje i primjenu koncepta društvene odgovornosti iz perspektive malih
preduzeća koja se većinom nalaze u početnim fazama životnog ciklusa i pokazuje da li su i u kojoj mjeri
ova preduzeća društveno odgovorna. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da svjetski trendovi polako dopiru i
do malih preduzeća u lokalnoj zajednici koja, s obzirom na (finansijsku) situaciju u zemlji, pokazuju
zavidan nivo društvene odgovornosti. Mjesta napretku, naravno, uvijek ima pogotovo u oblasti mjerenja
stepena zadovoljstva potrošača i oblasti uključenosti interesnih skupina u proces donošenja odluka.
Ključne riječi: društvena odgovornost, poduzetništvo, zemlje u razvoju, interesne skupine
JEL: M14, L26, M12
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: EXAMPLE
OS SMALL ENTERPRISES IN ZENICA MUNICIPALITY
SUMMARY:
Although the social responsibility usually refers to large companies, the importance of this concept for
small and micro enterprises is unquestionable. Establishing a solid ethical basis when starting a
business assumes business operations in a socially responsible manner also in business’s subsequent
growth and development. Bearing in mind that small enterprises are the carriers of economic growth
and development of many countries, which is especially prevalent in developing countries, and that their
number increases exponentially in the world, this then imposes the requirement that the concept and
requirements of social responsibility are put before this type of business activity, also.
The article focuses on understanding and applying the concept of social responsibility from the
perspective of small enterprises, which are mostly in the initial stages of their life cycles and shows
whether and to what extent, these companies are socially responsible. The results suggest that global
trends are slowly reaching small enterprises in the local community, which, given the (financial)
situation in the country, have shown an enviable level of social responsibility. There is, of course, a lot
16Harun Kahvedžić, dipl.oecc., JU Služba za zapošljavanje ZDK, [email protected]
of space for improvement, especially in the field of measuring consumer satisfaction and areas of
involvement of stakeholders in decision-making process.
Key words:social responsibility, entrepreneurship, developing countries, stakeholders
JEL: M14, L26, M12
Doc. dr. sc. Suvad Isaković17
Doc. dr. sc. Kenan Crnkić18
Mr. sc. Dženan Kulović19
IDENTIFIKOVANJE FAKTORA KOMPETENTNOSTI MENADŽERA I
NAČINI NJIHOVOG RAZVOJA
SAŽETAK
Kako i na koji način menadžeri obavljaju svoj posao zavisi od mnogih faktora od koji su najznačajnije
kompetencije menadžera. U ovom radu su predstavljeni rezultati teorijskog i empirijskog istraživanja
kojim su identifikovane kompetencije menadžera zasnovane na znanju i kompetencije menadžera
zasnovane na osobnosti menadžera.
Nakon identifikovanja komepetencija menadžera predstavljen je model za razvijanje menadžerske
kompetentnosti. U modelu za razvijanje menadžerske kompetentnosti predlaže se usvajanje opštih,
posebnih i specifičnih znanja putem formalnog obrazovanja čime se postiže osposobljenost menadžera
koja se putem neformalnog obrazovanja pretvara u menadžerske vještine. Drugi tok razvijanja
menadžerskih kompetencija polazi od činjenice da menadžeri trebaju svoje elemente osobnosti u koje
spadaju kreativnost, strast, upornost i hrabrost, razvijati neformalnim obrazovanjem do menadžerskih
vještina. Menadžeri trebaju težiti uspostavljanju ravnoteže „dijamanta kompetentnosti“, odnosno, težiti
ravnomjernom razvoju menadžerskih kompetencija.
Ključne riječi:menadžeri, kompetencije, znanje, dijamant kompetentnosti
JEL:M12; J24.
IDENTIFICATION OF MANAGER COMPETENCE FACTORS AND
MANNERS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
SUMMARY
How, and in what way, managers do their job depends on many factors, of which the most important
are the competencies of managers. This paper presents the results of theoretical and empirical research
that identified competencies of managers based on knowledge, as well as competencies of managers
based on the personalities of managers.
After identification of manager competences, the paper presents the model for their development. The
model for development of managerial competence proposes the adoption of general, special and specific
knowledge through formal education, by which the manager is being trained for the managerial role,
which is further, trough informal education, being converted in managerial skills. The second course of
managerial competence development is based on the fact that managers need to develop elements of
17I T C d.o.o., Ul. Zmaja od Bosne bb, 72000 Zenica
18Ekonomski faultet u Sarajevu, Trg oslobođenja-Alija Izetbegović br. 1, 71000 Sarajevo 19Viši asistent, Katedra za menadžment, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
their personality, such as creativity, passion, persistence and courage, into managerial skills, through
non-formal education. Managers should seek to establish the equilibrium of "competences diamond",
i.e., they should seek to balance the development of their managerial competences.
Mr. sc. Dženan Kulović20
Mr. sc. Sead Omerčević21
Prof. dr. sc. Rifet Đogić22
UTJECAJ KOMPETENCIJA
MENADŽERA SREDNJEG NIVOANA
POSLOVNU USPJEŠNOST U RMU "KREKA"
SAŽETAK
Savremeno poslovanje sve više zahtijeva vrhunske menadžerske profile sa zavidnim nivoom znanja,
vještina i sposobnosti. U realnom životu izraz menadžer ne upotrebljava se za sva radna mjesta na
kojima se obavljaju menadžerske funkcije. Tokom obavljanja posla menadžeri koriste različite vještine
da bi obavili svoje temeljne funkcije i to u svim vrstama preduzeća bez razlike (velikim - malim,
proizvodnim - uslužnim, profitnim - neprofitnim). Međutim, svi menadžerski poslovi nisu isti s obzirom
da su različiti menadžeri odgovorni za različita područja rada i zauzimaju pozicije na različitim
razinama organizacijske hijerarhije. U tom se kontekstu razlikuju različiti tipovi menadžmenta s aspekta
razina i tipovi menadžmenta s obzirom na djelokrug odgovornosti. Kako bi efikasno i efektivno obavljali
poslove, oni se pored vještina koriste još i znanjima i sposobnostima što se jednom riječju naziva
kompetencijama. Kompetencije menadžerima pomažu u ostvarivanju visokih performansi što zahtijeva
temeljito poznavanje poslova i opskrbljenost potrebnim resursima. Da bi se moglo ostvariti visoke
performanse, neophodno je da menadžeri svih organizacijskih nivoa, a posebno menadžeri srednjeg
nivoa, temeljito poznaju svoj posao - da znaju šta rade i kako to rade. To im saznanje omogućava ne
samo da svoj posao obavljaju dobro na postojeći način, već i da predlažu, pa i da samo poduzimaju
mjere da postojeći način rada unaprijede. U tu su svrhu razvijene različite metode od kojih je
najpoznatija ona koja se odnosi na kružoke kvaliteta razvijena u Japanu.
Ključne riječi:menadžer, kompetencije, poslovna uspješnost.
JEL:M12, J24, L25
INFLUENCE OF MID-LEVEL MANAGEMENT COMPETENCE ON
BUSINESS SUCCESS AT
RMU "KREKA"
SUMMARY
Modern business operations require top manager profiles with a high level of knowledge, skill and
capability. In real life, the term manager is used for all jobs where management functions are performed.
In doing their job, managers utilise various skills to perform their fundamental functions and in all types
of enterprises, with no exceptions (large - small, production - services, profit - non-profit). However, all
manager jobs are not the same since different managers are responsible for different areas of work and
fill positions at different levels of an organisational hierarchy. In this context, there are different types
20Viši asistent, Katedra za menadžment, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici 21Babilon d.o.o., Direktor društva, Alekse Šantića 45, 75 000 Tuzla, BiH
22Vanredni profesor, Katedra za menadžment, Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
of management from the aspect of levels and types of management in terms of responsibility scope. In
order to perform their work efficiently and effectively, apart from skills they also use knowledge and
capability, in one word competences. Competences enable managers to accomplish high performance,
which requires comprehensive knowledge of works and supply of required resources. For the
accomplishment of high performance, managers from all organisational levels need to know their work
thoroughly - to know what they do and how they do it. This knowledge enables them not only to do their
job well, but also to propose and even merely take actions to improve the existing manner of work. To
that end, various methods have been developed, the most well known of is the one referring to a quality
circle, developed in Japan.
Key Words:manager, competences, business performance
Dragan Milovanović23
INOVATIVNOST KAO FAKTOR RAZVOJA
MALIH I SREDNJIH PREDUZEĆA U
BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
SAŽETAK
Fеnоmеn mаlih i srеdnjih prеduzеćа imа vеоmа dugu i rаznоvrsnu istоriјu pоstојаnjа i rаzvоја u
mоdеrnim kаpitаlističkim zеmlјаmа sviјеtа. Nа nаšim prоstоrimа nаgli rаzvој mаlih i srеdnjih
prеduzеćа sе vеzuје zа nаgli rаzvој privаtnоg vlаsništvа, štо је zа pоslјеdicu imаlо inicirаnjе brojnih
pоkušаја оsnivаnjа i nаstајаnjа nоvih malih i srednjih prеduzеćа. Znаčај malih i srednjih preduzeća (u
daljem tekstu МSP) оglеdа sе u ulоzi kојu оvа prеduzеćа imајu u pоvеćаnju zаpоslеnоsti,
divеrzifikоvаnju privrеdnе strukturе, inоvаtivnој аktivnоsti i tеhničkоm prоgrеsu, rеаlizаciјi širih
društvеnih cilјеvа. U svijetu stalnih ekonomsko-finansijskih promena praćenih stalnim finansijskim
inovacijama, u uslovima globalne finansijske krize, kao uslov rasta i razvoja i prije svega opstanka
MSP-a nameće se potreba uvođenja inovacija. Inovacija predstavlja svaki sistem organizovanih i
svrsishodnih aktivnosti usmjerenih na stvaranje promjena (novi proizvod, proizvodni proces,
organizaciona struktura, stil upravljanja itd.). U radu ćemo posebnu pažnju posvetiti ulozi inovacija u
rastu i razvoju MSP-a. Izvršićemo presjek osnovnih teorijskih stavova o ulozi inovacija u rastu i razvoju
MSP-a, kao i analizu osnovnih parametara rasta i razvoja MSP-a. U radu ćemo izvršiti matematičku
analizu vrijednovanja efekata uvođenja inovacija u MSP na rast i razvoj MSP-a. Cilj rada je da se
vrijednosno kvantifikuje utjecaj uvođenja inovacija na rast i razvoj MSP-a. Cilj rada jeste, također, da
se na bazi praktične interpretacije vrijednovanja uvođenja inovacija u MSP-a i analize dobre inostrane
prakse, elaboriraju mogućnosti za poboljšanje efekata uvođenja inovacija u MSP-a. U rаdu su kоrištеnе
nаučnе mеtоdе dеdukciје, kоmpаrаtivnе аnаlizе i аnаlizе dоbrih primјеrа iz prаksе.
Intеrprеtаciја dоbiјеnih rеzultаtа trеbа dа pоsluži kао оsnоvа zа stručnu i nаučnu diskusiјu о ulozi
inovacija u rastu i razvoju MSP-a u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Klјučnе riјеči: Mala i srednja preduzeća, inovacije, restruktuiranje preduzeća, rast i razvoj
JEL:О31, О32, Х12;
INNOVATION AS DEVELOPMENT FACTOR IN SMALL AND
MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
SUMMARY
The phenomenon of small and medium enterprises has a long and varied history of existence and
development in modern capitalist countries. In our country, the sudden development of small and
medium enterprises is linked to the rapid development of private property, which resulted in numerous
attempts to initiate the establishment and formation of new small and medium enterprises.The
23Mr. Dragan Milovanović, dipl.ecc., Ekonomski fakultet, Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Majke Jugovića 4, 78000
Banja Luka
importance of small and medium enterprises (hereinafter SMEs) is reflected in the role that these
enterprises have to increase employment, diversification of economic structure, the innovative activities
and technical progress, the realization of broader social goals. In a world of constant economic and
financial changes accompanied by constant financial innovation in the global financial crisis, as a
condition of growth and development primarily for survival of SMEs there is a need to introduce
innovations.Innovation is any system of organized and purposeful activities aimed at making a change
(new products, production processes, organizational structure, management style, etc..). In this paper
we pay special attention to the role of innovation in growth and development of SMEs. Section shall
effect the basic theoretical views on the role of innovation in growth and development of SMEs, as well
as the analysis of basic parameters of growth and development of SMEs. In this paper, we perform a
mathematical analysis evaluating the effects of introducing innovation in SME growth and development
of SMEs. The aim of this study was to quantify the value impact of the introduction of innovation in
growth and development of SMEs. Aim is also to be based on the practical interpretation of the
evaluation of innovating SMEs and analysis of good practices abroad, to elaborate the possibilities for
improving the effects of introducing innovation in SMEs. The paper used the scientific method of
deduction, analysis and comparative analysis of best practices. Interpretation of results should serve as
a basis for professional and scientific discussion on the role of innovation in growth and development
of SMEs in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Keywords: Small and medium enterprises, innovation, enterprise restructuring, growth and
development;
JEL: О31, О32, Х12;
DženanSkelić24
KREATIVNE TEHNIKE U FUNKCIJI INOVACIJSKIH PROCESA U
MENADŽMENTU
SAŽETAK
Rad se bavi, prije svega, kreativnošću i kreativnim djelovanjem kao jednom od značajnih kompetencija
suvremenog menadžera. Pri tome naglasak biva na sposobnostima, znanjima i vještinama osiguravanja
kreativnog okruženja i kreativne produkcije kroz timski rad i produkciju ideja i inovacija zasnovanih na
kreativnim metodama i tehnikama koje se najčešće koriste u procesu menadžmentainovacija.
Ključne riječi: kompetencija, menadžment, inovacija, kreativnost, grupne metode
JEL:O30, O31
CREATIVE TECHNIQUES IN FUNCTION OF INNOVATION
PROCESSES IN MANAGEMENT
SUMMARY
The paper deals above all with creativity and creative activity as one of the most important competences
of a modern manager. The main focus is on abilities, knowledge and skills which deal with managing
creativity and creative production through team work, idea production and innovations based on
creative methods and techniques which are most frequently used in the process of management
innovations.
Key words: competence, management, innovation, creativity, team methods
24Doc. dr., Pedagoški fakultetUniverziteta u Zenici
Van. prof. dr. Faruk Kozić25
DEMOKRATIJA EKONOMIJA
SAŽETAK
U radu se govori o odnosu demokratije i ekonomije i ljudskih prava. Analiza tog odnosa pokazuje da
postoji međusoban utjecaj. Demokratski ambijent pogoduje razvoju i funkcionisanju tržišne ekonomije
i porastu standarda ljudi. Napredak ekonomijepovezuje se sa napretkom pravde i demokratije u društvu.
Ekonomija i slobode su u čvrstojmeđusobnoj vezi. Kroz historiju su narodi mijenjali nedemokratske
sisteme pravednijim, sa više demokratije i sloboda. Kao i ostale države u tranziciji i BiH se suočava sa
sličnim problemima, korupcija, nepotizam, kriminal, sumnjive privatizacije.Uporedne analize pokazuju
da veći stepen demokratije dovodi do većeg i bržeg ekonomskog rasta. U većini savremenih država
tržišni sistem i demokratija zajedno egzistiraju.
Ključne riječi: demokratija, tržišna ekonomija, profit, tržište, demokratska društva, nedemokratska
društva, tranzicija
JEL:Z10, Z 13
DEMOCRACY AND ECONOMY
SUMMARY
Democraciesand economiesaretightlylinked.There is arelationship andinfluence. The
democraticatmosphere andenvironmentconducive todemocraticdevelopment andfunctioningmarket
economyandrisingstandard of living. Processeconomicsassociatedwiththe advancementof justiceand
democracyin society. Economicsandhuman freedomare inextricably connected. The conditionof
economic progressis the expansionof freedomand democracy. Throughouthistory, people andnations,
and were replacedwithnon-democraticsystemsfairerandmoredemocraticfreedoms.Historicalexperience
showsthat theprogress ofdemocracyin relation tosocial change, economic
incentives...BosniaandHerzegovinais facedwith similarproblems asother countriesin transition. The
movementtowards Europeanintegrationcomplicatesand slows downthe internalstructure ofthe country,
the remains of wartime past...In mostmodernsocietiesthe marketsystem
anddemocracyexisttogetherandcomplement each other. The trend ofthe spreadof democracyand
humanrightsopens upnew possibilitiesfor the development ofeconomyand marketeconomy.However, the
problem remainshowto reducethe crisis, recession, the gap between richand poor. Solutionscanonly
bedemocratic.
Concepts: democracy, market economy, profit, market, democratic society, non-democratic societies,
the transition
25Van. prof. dr. Faruk Kozić, Katedra za opće programske osnove, Pedagoški fakultet u Zenici,
Ul.Pehare 97, Zenica, [email protected]
Margarita Matlievska26
FDI ATTRACTING
CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
ABSTRACT
The core motivation for this research paper is to analyze the legislation that is fundamental for FDI
attracting in the Republic of Macedonia.
The Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) is a form of venture capital, which provides a foreign investor to
acquire rights to ownership, control and management on the basis of invested capital. The experience
has undoubtedly confirmed the fact that FDI is one of the fundamentals that enables and accelerates the
economic development of a national economy. Among other things, every national economy must have
adequate legislation that will enable a smooth attracting of foreign capital.
The main aim of the paper is to look upon the legal aspects for attracting the FDI. To some extent, the
paper covers the institutional mechanisms that profiled the framework for doing business.
The subject of the research are the laws that regulate this area, as well as the laws related to the fiscal
sector, foreign trade, foreign exchange operations, area of labour relations, etc.
The results of the research lead to the conclusion that the legal framework, as a significant factor of the
business environment in a country, gives numerous possibilities for an intensification of the FDI in the
Republic of Macedonia. In the last decade, the Republic of Macedonia has achieved significant results
in this area, but there is still the need for further improvement of the relevant legislation. This is more
important considering the insufficient volume of FDI.
JEL: R11
26 Doc. dr. Ekonomski fakultet, Univerzitet Goce Delcev Stip, Republika Makedonija
Biljana Petrevska27
Saso Koceski28
ENHANCING TOURISM PROMOTION BY
ENRICHED WEB-BASED PORTAL
ABSTRACT
Every country is interested in tourism development for its general contribution to national income and
economic growth. Since attracting a higher number of tourists is not a trouble-free process, particularly
in times of ever-changing environment, tourism promotion is detected as a way-out. The paper argues
the importance of creating a personalized tourism recommender. Moreover, it attempts to justify the
necessity of designing a web-based portal in order to assist tourists and travellers in the identification
of their holiday. The case of Macedonia as an empirical evidence reports on practical experience gained
from a successful implementation of a recommendation system for tourism promotion purposes.
Key words:Tourism; Promotion; Recommender; Macedonia.
JEL L83, L84, L86
27Asist. Prof., Goce Delcev” University - Stip, Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics - Gevgelija, Krste
Misirkov bb, 2000 Stip, Macedonia
28Asist. Prof. “Goce Delcev” University - Stip, Faculty of Computer Science - Stip, Krste Misirkov bb, 2000 Stip,
Macedonia
Doc. dr. sci. Almin Dautbegović29
Mr. sci. Elmedin Ahmić30
ODUZIMANJA IMOVINSKE KORISTI
PRIBAVLJENE KRIVIČNIM DJELOM U
KRIVIČNOM ZAKONU BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
SAŽETAK
Cilj institute oduzimanja imovinske koristi jeste uspostavljanje prvobitnog stanja koje je narušeno
počinjenjem krivičnog djela, a polazište je u tome da niko ne može (ili bar ne bi smio) zadržat imovinsku
korist pri bavljenu krivičnim djelom31. Njen je cilj ne dopustitini u kojemslučaju da se počinitelj
krivičnog djela neopravdano obogati, a osnovna je pretpostavka da je imovinska korist pribavljena
krivičnim djelom i da je uzročno povezana s njegovim izvršenjem. Osnovni je uvjet da je okrivljenik
imovinsku korist postigao izvršenjem krivičnog djela, da je u kauzalnom odnosu s izvršenjem djela
kojimože biti u formi izvršioca ili sa izvršiocem, te se njome obuhvaća svaka imovinska korist koja je
neposredno povezana s kriminalističkom radnjom. Ta mjera ima, s generalnog i posebnog preventivnog
stajališta,cilj pokazati da se zločin “ne isplati”, te odvratiti druge od činjenja novih krivičnih djela
imovinskog karaktera.
U povodu novog prednacrta Zakona o oduzimanju imovinske koristi izvršene krivičnim djelom i
prekršajima u Federaciji BiH biće u kratko elaborirano koje su to prednosti ovog zakona i same
pojedinosti kojega čine interesantnijim i bitnijim za državu uopće.
Ključne riječi: imovina, oduzimanje imovinske koristi, krivično djelo, oduzimanje, prošireno
oduzimanje.
JEL: K11, K35, P14, D23
CONFISCATION OF PROCEEDS FROM CRIME IN CRIMINAL CODE
OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
SUMMARY
The importance ofseizure of propertyisusedto restore the originalconditionthat causedthe commission
ofthe crime, and the starting pointis thatnobodycan (or at least should not) to retain materialgain
acquired bycriminaloffense.Hergoal is tonotallowin anycase theperpetratorof
criminalactsunjustlyenrichabasicassumptionthat theproceeds ofcrimeand thatiscausallyrelated
29Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
30Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici, ([email protected]) 31KrivičnizakonBiH, (“Sl. glasnik BiH" br. 3/03, 32/03, 37/03, 54/04, 61/04, 30/05, 53/06, 55/06, 32/07 i
8/10.),čl.110 st.1.
tohisexecution. The basicrequirementisthat thedefendantgainachievedby criminalactsand
thatthecausalrelationwith the execution ofworks, which maybein the form ofa co-
perpetratororperpetrators, anditcoverseverygainisdirectlyrelated to thecriminalact. This
measurehasthegeneralandspecialpreventivegoalpositionnto show thatcrimeis"not worth" and to
deterothers fromcommittingnewcrimesof propertycharacter.
On the occasionof the newdraft law onforfeiture of propertyused bycriminal andmisconduct inthe
Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina,will bebrieflyelaboratedthe advantagesof this law
andthedetailsthat make itmore interestingandmore importantfor the countryin general inmodern times.
Key words:property, confiscation, criminal act, subtraction, extendedconfiscation