Standardization of feed milling equipment in China

Standardization of Standardization of Feed Milling Equipment in ChinaFeed Milling Equipment in China

Wu DeshengGeneral Manager

MAE Wellful Industries Co., Ltd ( MWI )

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences

Beijing Re Introduce byRe Introduce by

M.M. Palitha Mahinda MunasingheM.M. Palitha Mahinda MunasingheSri Lanka Sri Lanka

13. 07. 2016

中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]

ContentsContentsA. Profile of MWI of CAAMS

1. History & Status2. Specialty & Product Chain3. Business Segment4. Core products5. Core Competence

B. Standardization in China1. Basic Concepts2. Administrative System3. Standard Classification4. Standard Structure5. Status of standardization

C. Standardization of Feed Milling 1. Feed mill Classification 2. Typical Technical Process of Feed Milling 3. China’s Standards of Feed Milling Equipment4. Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013

D. Conclusion 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]

中机华丰

MWI — History & StatusMWI — History & Status

CAAMS: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences

Founded in 1956 by Chinese government For farm machinery R & D, Consulting 21 Equipment Research Institutes under it’s

control originally

SINOMACH: China National Machinery Industry Corporation

A state-owned enterprise under direct control of the State Council

one of the largest international engineering contractors in China

One of top 500 enterprises in the world

2009

MWI: MAE Wellful Industries Co. Ltd. Former Poultry & Livestock Equipment Research

Institute Specialized in equipment & engineering projects

related to animal farms Shares: 55% from MAEC, and 45% from Hunan New

Wellful Co. Ltd.

MAEC: Modern Agricultural Equipment Co. Ltd.

Originated from 5 research institutes & 1 factory of CAAMS

Engaged in Farm Machinery supply

2012

2001

Originatedin 1976

MWI

CAAMS

2016/07/13 [email protected]

Specialty & Product Chain Specialty & Product Chain

Organic Fertilizer Processing

Feed Processing Forage Processing

Poultry & Livestock Raising Equipment

Solid waste

Processing

Biomass Processi

ng

Take care of Poultry & Livestock from A to Z with technology, equipment &

Engineering Projects;

Design, Consulting & Equipment Supplying for domestic & global animal farming


Specialty & Product Chain Specialty & Product Chain

Feed Prossing Equipment饲料加工设备Feed Milling 饲料加工Forage processing 饲草加工Animal Raising Equipment饲养设备Feeding 饲喂设备Watering 饮水设备Barn & Environment

Control圈舍及环境控制设备Waste Processing废弃物处理Manure 粪污处理Mortalities 死尸处理Organic Fertilizer 有机肥加工SW Processing 固废处理Green House 温室

Farm 农场 Animal Farm 牧场

Fertilizer Spreading 施肥

Farm Products 农产品

Biomass生物质

Feed 饲料


中机华丰

Business Segment Business Segment

Equipment Sales & Service

Engineering Project

RD & Consulting

AnimalFarming

Equipment

OrganicFertilizer

Processing

Animal raising

equipment

Forage & Biomass

Processing

FeedMilling

AnimalHusbandryFacilities

We take care of poultry & livestock with our technology and machinery in the following ways:

Process feed by feed milling & forage processing;

Supply feed and water through equipment;

Build facilities for their better living condition

Turn manure into fertilizer which can grow their forage


Core productsCore productsCore Products & Projects Supported by Them

Organic

FertilizerProcessing

Forage &

Biom

ass Processing

Anim

alR

aisingEquipm

ent

Solid Waste

Processing

FEED M

ILLING


Government support

Specialized Team

Leading TechnologyCustomer

oriented

Efficient facilities

Technical exchanges with abroad Undertake government research projects Offering Master degree program

We are not a traditional manufacturing enterprise but from a institute

Oriented from a research institute Specialized staff with high

research & design capabilities

Over 40 years experience Face farmers since 1988 Understand farmers’ actual needs

Good Location Easy to communicate Convenient for after-

sale service

All machines with CAD & Key parts with CAM

Library

National farm machinery test center and farm machinery engineering center

Assist government to make farm machinery development plans

Core Competence Core Competence


Core Competence Core Competence National & Professional standards drafted by MWI since 2000

No. Standards Classification Issue date

1 Feed expander JB/T 10290-2001 Machinery industry standard 2001-06-22

2 Mixed feed processing unit JB/T 7314-2007 Machinery industry standard 2007-10-8

3 Vertical feed mixer JB/T 7318-2007 Machinery industry standard 2007-10-8

4 Equipment of compost treatment and utilization for manure of poultry and livestock GB/T28740-2012 National standards of China 2013-06-01

5 Feed extruder JB/T 10289-2013 Machinery industry standard 2013-09-01

6 Total mixed ration diet mixer JB/T 11438-2013 Machinery industry standard 2013-09-01

7 Equipment for manure utilization of large scale pig farm - Channel type turner JB/T 30471-2013

Machinery industry standard 2014-10-01


Core Competence Core Competence Design & consulting certificates

Owned by CAAMS, shared by all subsidiary companies


Standardization in China - Standardization in China - Basic ConceptsBasic Concepts

1. Standard: A type of normative document on the basis of common use and reuse, which is formulated through consultation and approved by recognized agencies in order to get the best order within a certain scope

2. Standardization: Refers to the activity of setting, distribution and implementation of standards for repetitive things and concepts on the basis of unification In order to obtain best order and social benefits In economy, technology, science , management and other social practice

3. Setting standards : Refers to the activity that the organization responsible for the standard formulating prepare the project proposal as well as organize the document drafting, approval, numbering and issuing It is the starting point of standardization


4. Standard recording : Refers to the activity that the organization responsible for setting the standard send the document to standardization administration authorities and relevant administrative departments to file for future reference after its release

5. Standard Implementation : Refers to the activity that the standard is carried out with organized and planned measures. It is a process that the standard development department, user or enterprises utilize the standard to supervise the activities of production, distribution, use, etc.

6. Standard review : Refers to the activity that the standard setting organization retrial the standard used after a period of time according to the development of science and technology and the needs of economic construction to confirm it’s effectiveness


Standardization in China - Standardization in China - Basic ConceptsBasic Concepts

Standardization in China -- Standardization in China -- Administrative System Administrative System

Standardization law of PR China enacted by The standing committee of the National People's Congress on Dec.29,1988 is the Fundamental law of Standardization work

1.Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine under State Council (AQSIQ )

2. Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China (SAC)3. Different Technical Committees (TC)4. There are 4 national committees for agricultural

machinery standardization :

① SAC/TC 201: National Technical Committee 201 on agricultural machinery of Standardization Administration of China

② SAC/TC 140: tractor

③ SAC/TC 234: agricultural vehicle

④ SAC/TC 384: Feed Machinery


TC 201

6 Subcommittees 3 Working Groups

Crop protection and cleaning 植保和清洗机械分技术委员会

Agricultural mechanization农业机械化Husbandry machinery畜牧机械Irrigation, drainage equipment and system 排灌设备和系统Cultivation and fertilization machine 耕种和施肥机械Agricultural electronics 农业电子

Sugarcane machinery甘蔗机械工作组Agricultural products drying农产品干燥工作组Submersible pump潜水泵工作组

Framework of TC 201 on agricultural machinery of SAC

1. Established in 1993 by the approval of SAC

2. Now Including 6 SC and 3 WG3. Husbandry Machinery Subcommittee

established on July 23, 2008



SAC/TC 384 on Feed Machinery1. Established on May 8, 2008 by the approval of SAC

2. Professional range : Standardization of the mechanical & electrical equipment in feed milling including the machinery related to Raw material Receiving, Grinding, Batching & Mixing, Pelleting, Extrusion, Coating, Drying / Cooling, Load Out & Bagging, Transportation, Control System, etc.

SAC/TC201/SC3: Husbandry Machinery Subcommittee1. SAC/TC201/SC3: Established on July 23, 2008; 15 years later than SAC/TC201; especially for Standardization of mechanical & electrical equipment in the field of animal husbandry machinery 2. 156 national / professional standards related to animal husbandry machinery have been issued by SAC/TC2013. Some standards related to Feed Machinery were issued by SAC/TC201 before July 23, 2008 and now they are under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC201/SC3



Process of a national standard development : 6 stagesStages in the development process of a National Standard

Ref No. Stage Work1 Preliminary

& ProposalA proposal for project of standard development is approved at

the relevant subcommittee or technical committee

2 Preparatory A working group of experts is set up by the TC/SC for the preparation of a working draft. When a working draft is sufficiently solid and the working group is satisfied that it has developed the

best technical solution to the problem being addressed, it becomes committee draft (CD)

3 Committee If it is required, it is then sent to the members of the TC/SC for ballot. The CD becomes final committee draft (FCD) if the number

of positive votes is above the quorum.

4 Enquiry The text is then submitted to related experts for voting and comment within a period. It is approved for submission as a final

draft National Standard if a majority of the members are in favour.

5 Approval Standardization Administration of China will then approve the draft standard as a National Standard if the enquiry is successful.

6 Publication & Issue

The final draft standard is sent to China standard publishing house, which publishes it as the National Standard



1. In accordance with the standard applicable scope, we have following four levels of standards from high to low

① National Standard – Highest level② Professional standard ③ Provincial standard ④ Company Standard -- Lowest

2. Where, in the absence of national Standards, technical requirements for a certain trade need to be unified, Professional standards may be formulated

3. In the absence of national standards, Professional standards and local standards for certain products, the enterprises producing such products shall formulate their own standards as the basis for organizing production

4. The State encourages enterprises to set down energy conservation standards stricter than national standards and industrial standards

5. National 、 professional 、 local & enterprise standards must not contradict each other and the higher level dominates the lower one

Mechanical industry standardNational Standard

Standardization in China - Standardization in China - Standard Standard ClassificationClassification


National Standards国家标准

Management standard: The one set for the administrative matters to be coordinated and unified In the field of standardization.管理标准 : 对标准化领域中需要协调统一的管理事项所制定的标准Technical standard: The one set for the technical matters to be coordinated and unified In the field of standardization.技术标准 : 对标准化领域中需要协调统一的技术事项所制定的标准

Working standard: The one set for the responsibility, power, range, quality requirements, procedures, results, inspection methods of the work. 工作标准 : 对工作的责任、权利、范围、质量要求、程序、效果、检查方法、考核办法所制定的标准

Basic Standard基础标准Product Standard产品标准Method Standard方法标准Safety, health and environmental protection standard安全、卫生与环境保护标准

National Standards include following 3 classes.



For technical standards, we have following 4 subclasses.

1.Basic Standard : The one which is the basis of other standards and has extensive significance within a certain range.

e.g. GB/T 20001.4-2001 Rules for drafting standards

2.Product Standard : Technical regulations for the structure, specification, quality and testing methods of products.

3.Method Standard : The one for performance testing , quality inspection and test method of the product. The following detection related items are involved : category, rules, sampling, methods and steps , instruments and equipment, test conditions, data analysis and calculation, assessment, eligibility criteria , reinsertion rules, ect.

4.Safety, health and environmental protection standard : the one to protect the safety of people and objects, health of human beings and environment. Normally it is mandatory.



In accordance with the nature of the standard ， National standards and professional standards are divided into two Classes.

1.GB: Mandatory Standards

A class of standards with legal attributes. They are implemented through the compulsory means such as the laws and administrative regulations within a certain range.

2.GB/T: Voluntary Standards

A class of standards adopted voluntarily and adjusted through economic means in the production, exchange, use, etc.



Standardization in China - Standardization in China - Standard StructureStandard Structure

1. Structure of a Standard: Generally a standard is composed of front cover, contents , foreword , introduction, text and annexes. 6 parts;

① Front cover contains standard No., standard title, Issue date , Implementation date and Issue organization.

② Foreword contains proposing organization ，specified administrative organization ， drafting organization and chief drafting staff of the standard. If other standards are replaced by this one, a list of replaced standards shall be indicated here.


Introductory element 引导要素

Main element 主体要素Complementary element

补充要素

2. Title of a standard ： The title shall be composed of separate elements, each as short as possible, proceeding from the general to the particular. In general, not more than the following three elements shall be used

① An introductory element (optional) indicating the general field to which the document belongs

② A main element (obligatory) indicating the principal subject treated within that general field; It can not be omitted

③ A complementary element (optional) indicating the particular aspect of the principal subject or giving details that distinguish the document from other documents.



3. No. of a standard: The standard No. shall be composed of 3 separate elements, which are standard code, the serial number of the standard and year when it is issued.

e.g.

GB/T 17451-1998 Technical drawings – General principles of presentation - Views

标准号：标准号至少由标准的代号、编号、发布年代三部分组成。例如：GB/T 17451-1998 技术制图图样画法视图

Standard code代号

Serial number编号

Issued in 19981998年发布GB/T 17451 - 1998



Standardization in China -- Standardization in China -- Status of sStatus of standardizationtandardization

1. Machinery standards have been playing an important role in improving product quality, regulating production and optimization of industrial structure in China.

2. Because of rapid development of economy, the standardization work has fallen far behind the development of industry. Many processes and equipment are developed and have been used in practice. But standards for them have not been completed or improved.

3. As a developing country, there is a big gap in quality of standards in the area of industry between china and industrialized countries.

4. Not much research work for standards has been done. Team work among different equipment suppliers and standard drafters shall be done.

5. Valid machinery standards have not been well implemented.

6. Standardization work still to be properly organized and managed.


中机华丰

Standardization of Feed Milling - Feed mill ClassificationStandardization of Feed Milling - Feed mill Classification

Feedmill Classification

Product Scale （ Capacity t / h ）Small Medium Large

Compound ≤2.5 5-10 ≥20Concentrate ≤2.5 5 ≥10

Premix ≤1 2.5 ≥5

Concrete Concrete & Steel Slip FormSteel

Shockproof,sound Insulation,low Cost, Long Construction timePoor Recycling Property

Short Construction time, Shockproof,sound Insulation, Poor Recycling Property, High Cost

Short Construction time, Better Recycling Property, Shockproof,sound Insulation,high Cost

Structure

Heavy Machines In 1st & 2nd Floor, Shockproof,sound Insulation,Moderate Cost, Shorter Construction time ， good Recycling Property2016/07/13 [email protected]

Typical Technical Process of Feed Milling


Typical Technical Process of Feed Milling Typical Technical Process of Feed Milling

储存计量混合粉碎膨化成型烘干喷涂冷却包装Aqua feed Flow

Diagram


China’s Standards of Feed Milling EquipmentChina’s Standards of Feed Milling Equipment

Standards of Feed Milling Equipment - 48 by SAC/TC 384

Ref. No.

Standard No. Standard Title Remark

1 GB/T 24351-2009 Universal technical specifications for vertical counter-flow pellet feed coolers

2 GB/T 24352-2009 Graphical symbols for feed processing equipment

3 GB/T 24445-2009 Single-screw feedstuff extruder

4 GB/T 25698-2010 Feed processing technology terms

5 GB/T 26968-2011 Feed machinery. Editorial nominating method for model designation

6 GB/T 25699-2010 Belt crossflow pellet feed dryer

7 GB/T 18695-2012 Feed processing equipment Terms

8 GB/T 30472-2013 Technical specification of complete sets of feed processing equipment

9 JB/T 11299-2012 Feed machinery--General specification for products painting

10 JB/T 11301-2012 Feed machinery--Preparation of instructions for use 中机华丰


China’s Standards of Feed Milling EquipmentChina’s Standards of Feed Milling EquipmentStandards of Feed Milling Equipment

Ref. No.


11 JB/T 11300-2012 Feed machinery--Vibrating grader

12 JB/T 11255-2011 Feed machinery Roto-shaker grader

13 JB/T 11254-2011 Vertical post-cooker for pellet feed

14 JB/T 11683-2013 Hammer mill for industry feed

15 JB/T 11684-2013 Fine-grinding feed hammer mill

16 JB/T 11687-2013 Single-screw extruder for aquafeed

17 JB/T 11691-2013 Single-shaft paddle feed conditioner

18 JB/T 11689-2013 Single-shaft paddle mixer for feed

19 JB/T 11685-2013 Vertical hammer ultrafine grinder

20 JB/T 11686-2013 Twin-screw extruder for aquafeed

21 JB/T 11690-2013 Double-shaft paddle feed conditioner

22 JB/T 11688-2013 Double-shaft paddle mixer for feed



Standards of Feed Milling EquipmentRef. No.


23 JB/T 11692-2013 Test method for paddle feed conditioners

24

JB/T 11695-2013

The minimum allowable value of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grade for single-screw extruder for aquatic feed

25

JB/T 11693-2013

The minimum allowable value of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for hammer mill for industry feed

26

JB/T 11694-2013

The minimum allowable values of the energy efficiency and energy efficiency grade for paddle feed mixer

27 JB/T 11924-2014 Liquid aiding system with weighing scale

28 JB/T 11925-2014 Roller pelleting feed crumbler

29 JB/T 11926-2014 Continuous drum liquid coating system

30 JB/T 11927-2014 Batch vacuum paddle coating system



Standards of Feed Milling Equipment

Ref. No.

Standard No. Standard Title in English Remark

31 JB/T 11928-2014 Continuous paddle molasses mixer

32 JB/T 11929-2014 Flow-metering intermittent liquid adding system

33 JB/T 11930-2014 Feed pellet mill － Ring die －Accuracy

34 JB/T 11931-2014 Feed machinery － Bucket elevator

35 JB/T 11932-2014 Feed machinery － Screw conveyor

36 JB/T 11933-2014 Feed machinery － Screw feeder

37 JB/T 11934-2014 Feed machinery － En-Masse conveyer

38 JB/T 11935-2014 Feed machinery － Impeller feeder

39 JB/T 11936-2014 Technical specification for complete sets of additive premix feed processing equipment

40 JB/T 12777-2016 Turning cooler for pellet feed


Standards of Feed Milling EquipmentRef. No.

Standard No. Standard Title in English Remark

41 JB/T 12778-2016 Feed pellet mill -- Roller

42 JB/T 12779-2016 Spiral ribbon mixer

43 JB/T 12780-2016 Screw feed extruder--Screw

44 JB/T 12781-2016 Screw feed extruder—die

45 JB/T 12782-2016 Feed conveying machinery--reversing valve

46 JB/T 12783-2016 Feed conveying machinery--rotary distributor

47 JB/T 12784-2016 Feed conveying machinery--gate

48 GB/T 32536-2016 Test method of feed mixer

48 standards Issued by SAC/TC 384 on Feed Machinery since 2008Management is in a complete mess

Other 47 by other TC



Standards of Feed Milling Equipment - 47 by othersRef. No. Standard No. Standard Title Remark

1 JB/T 5161-2013 Pellet mill

2NY/T 1930-2010

Technical specification of quality evaluation for straw pellets to suppress machinery

3 JB/T 7141-2007 Test methods for pellet separator

4 JB/T 7142-2007 Spiral squeeze pelleting machine

5 JB/T 7314-2007 Mixed feed processing unit

6 JB/T 7318-2007 Vertical feed mixer

7 JB/T 9822.1-2008 Feed hammer grinder －Part1:Specifications

8 JB/T 9822.2-2008 Feed hammer grinder －Part2:Hammer

9 JB/T 9820-2013 Parallel feed mixer

10 JB/T 9821-1999 The range of feed processing machine - Types and specifications




Ref. No. Standard No. Standard Title in English Remark

11 JB/T 6944.1-2013 Pellet mill—Part1:Technical specifications for die

12 JB/T 6944.2-2013 Pellet mill—Part2:Technical specifications for drag roll

13 JB/T 7883.2-1999 Test methods for machine of expanding rice hull

14 JB/T 10289-2013 Feed extruder

15 JB/T 7883.1-2000 Technical specifications for machine of expanding rice hull

16 JB/T 6944-1993 Pellet mill— installation type and size

17 LS/T 3542-1992 Spiral ribbon mixer

18 LS/T 3601-1992 Pellet mill

19 LS/T 3602-1992 Pellet mill—ring die

20 LS/T 3603-1992 Pellet mill—-roller





21 LS/T 3604-1992 Hammer mill

22 LS/T 3605-1992 Hammer mill—hammer

23 LS/T 3606-1992 Hammer mill--Screens

24 LS/T 3607-1992 Roller pelleting feed crumbler

25 LS/T 3608-1992 Semiautomatic feed baler scaling system

26 LS/T 3609-1992 Flat die pellet mill

27 LS/T 3610-1992 Paddle type molasses mixer

28 LS/T 3611-1992 Roller type meal crumbler

29 LS/T 3612-1992 Vertical pellet feed coolers

30 LS/T 3613-1992 Vertical fine-grinding mineral salt hammer mill





31 LS/T 3614-1989 Graphical symbols for feed processing equipment

32 SBJ 05-1993 Code for engineering design of feed factory

33 SC/T 6012-2002 Test methods for pellet mill with flat die

34 SC/T 6013-2002 Single-screw feed extruder

35 SC/T 6019-2001 Pellet feed mill--Test methods

36 SC/T 6020-2002 Pellet mill with ring die

37 SC/T 6011-2001Pellet mill with flat die—Technical condition

38 NY/T 1554-2007Technical specification of quality evaluation for feed grinders

39 NY/T 1230-2006Technical specification of quality evaluation for feed grinder screen and hammer

40 NY 644-2002 Safety technical requirements for feed grinder 中机华丰




Ref. No. Standard No. Standard Title Remark

41 NY/T 1024-2006 Specification for quality appraising of feed mixer

42 NY/T 1023-2006Technology specification for quality evaluation of feed processing complete equipment

43 NY/T 2195-2012Power consumption limit value of feed processing complete sets of equipment

44 NY/T 226-1994Testing and qualification method for feed processing unit

45 GB/T 6971-2007 Test method for feed grinding mills

46 GB/T 20192-2006 Universal technical specifications for pellet mill

47 GB/T 20803-2006 Universal technical criterions for proportion system in feed mill

Professional standardsJB/T: Ministry of Machine-Building Industry of the PRCNY/T: Ministry of agriculture of the PRCLS/T : State Administration of GrainSC/T: Former Ministry of aquaculture of the PRC 中机华丰



Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013

中机华丰

Technical Specification of complete sets of feed processing equipment

1.Standard No. ： GB/T 30472-2013

2.Issue date ： 2013-12-31

3.Implementation date ： 2014-01-01

4.Issued by ： General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People‘s Republic of China (AQSIQ ) and Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China （ SAC ）1.Foreword

①Drafted according to the rules of GB/T 1.1-2009②Proposed by China Machinery Industry ③Federation④It is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 384⑤Drafted by Huazhong Agricultural University and China Agricultural University.

① A list of drafting staff


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013

Text Structure of GB/T 30472-2013Part Element Remark

1 Scope

2 Normative references A list of 38 GB & 1 JB/T

3 Terms and definitions 16 terms for feed milling defined

4 Requirement 9 groups of requirements

5 Test method 5 groups of test methods

6 Acceptance 4 clauses for acceptance of a feedmill

Annexes

A Quality specifications of aquatic compound feed

B Recommended formulas for feedmill performance test

C Some quality test methods for aquaculture feeds 中机华丰


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 1 ScopeIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 1 Scope

1.This standard specifies the terms and definitions, requirement ， test method and acceptance standard2.This national standard is applicable to design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning, and acceptance of complete sets of equipment for processing compound feed, aqua feed, concentrate and supplement3. This standard is not applicable to the complete sets of equipment for processing premix


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 2 Normative referencesIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 2 Normative references

The following 39 standards are essential for the application of this standard.

1.GBZ 1-2010 Hygienic standards for the design of industrial enterprises

2.GBZ 2.2 Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace Part2 Physical agents

3.GBZ/T 189.8 Measurement of Physical agents in Workplace Part 8: Noise

4.GBZ/T 192.1 Method for determination of dust in the air of workplace Part 1: Total dust concentration

5.GB/T 2893.2 Graphical symbols - Safety colors and safety signs Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels

6.GB 2893 Safety Colors

7.GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use

8.GB/T 3797 Electric Control Assemblies

9.GB/T 4053.1 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform--Part 1:Steel vertical ladders

10.GB/T 4053.2 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform--Part 2:Steel inclined ladders 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]

11. GB/T 4053.3 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform--Part 3:Industrial guardrails and steel platform

12. GB/T 5226.1 Electrical safety of machinery--Electrical equipment of machines--Part 1:General requirements

13. GB/T 5917.1 Determination of feed particle size--Two-sieve screening method

14. GB/T 5918 Determination of mixing homogeneity for feed products

15. GB/T 6435 Determination of moisture in feedstuffs

16. GB 7231 Basic identification colours and code indications and safety sign for industrial pipelines

17. GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products

18. GB/T 10647-2008 Feed industry terms

19. GB/T 13306 Plates

20. GB/T 16157 The determination of particulates and sampling methods of gaseous pollutants emitted from exhaust gas of stationary source



中机华丰

21. GB/T 16765-1997 General specification for feed pellets

22. GB/T 18695 Feed processing equipment – Terms

23. GB 19081 Safety regulations for dust explosion prevention in feed processing system

24. GB/T 20803-2006 Universal technical criterions for proportion system in feed mill

25. GB 23821 Safety of machinery--Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

26. GB/T 24352 Graphical symbols for feed processing equipment

27. GB/T 25698 Feed processing technology terms

28. GB/T 27738-2011 Automatic gravimetric filling instruments

29. GB 50168 Code for construction and acceptance of cable system electric equipment installation engineering

30. GB 50169 Code for construction and acceptance of grounding connection electric equipment installation engineering



31. GB 50171 Code for construction and acceptance of switchboard outfit complete cubicle and secondary circuit electric equipment installation engineering

32. GB 50184 Code for acceptance of construction quality of industrial metallic piping

33. GB 50231 General code for construction and acceptance of mechanical equipment installation engineering

34. GB 50235 Code for construction and acceptance of industrial metallic piping

35. GB 50254 Code for construction and acceptance of low-voltage apparatus Electric equipment installation engineering

36. GB 50257 Code for construction and acceptance of electric equipment on fire and explosion hazard electrical equipment installation engineering

37. GB 50275 Code for construction and acceptance of fan, compressor and pump installation

38. GB 50303 Code for acceptance of construction quality of electrical installation in building

39. JB/T 11299-2012 Feed machinery--General specification for products painting



3.3 Workshop section: A manufacturing process made of one or several operation units. e.g. : grinding, batching, and shaping sections. 工段

3.4 Complete sets of feed processing equipment: Combined Industrial device including basic workshop section and equipment that can manufacture feed from raw materials in a single workshop. 饲料加工成套设备

3.5 Shaped feed: Feed with certain shape made from mash feed with processing technology. 成型饲料

3.11 Fines rate of finished products: The mass proportion of fine particles which are smaller in diameter than specified value in finished products. 成品含粉率

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 3 Terms and definitionsIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 3 Terms and definitions

Percentage of powdered pellets: The mass percentage of fine particles generated when pellets are tested under specified test conditions. 粉化率Like the Hardness testers for pellet quality developed at Kansas State University in the early 1960’s. This test involves a prescribed agitation of pellets for a predetermined time, measuring the percentage of fines generated. 中机华丰


中机华丰

3.14 Dissolve rate: The mass percentage of dissolved portion when aqua feed is put into water and stirred for certain time. It is a index to evaluate the stability of aqua feed. 溶失率：一定时问内，成型饲料或粉状饲料加水搅合成“面团”饲料在水中溶失的质量百分数，是评价水产饲料水中稳定性的一项指标

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 3 Terms and definitionsIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Part 3 Terms and definitions

3.15 Floating rate: The quantity percentage of floating pellets when quantitative extruded feed is put into water for certain time under specified test conditions. 漂浮率：在规定试验条件下将定量浮性膨化饲料投人水，在规定时间内水面漂浮的膨化饲料所占的数量百分比。

3.16 Sinking rate: The quantity percentage of sinking pellets when quantitative extruded feed is put into water for certain time under specified test conditions. 下沉率：在规定试验条件下将定量沉性膨化饲料投入水中，规定时间内沉人水底的膨化饲料所占的数量百分比。


中机华丰

Table 1 Performance index of complete sets of equipment No. Item Index1 Real Productivity ( ton / hour ) ≥ Design Capacity (ton/hour)2 Energy

consumption per ton of feed produced

( kw.h / ton )

Compound feed for livestock and poultry

Pellets ≤ 40

3 Crumbles ≤ 50

4 Pelleted Aqua feed

Fish feed ≤ 555 Shrimp feed ≤ 120 (except for little shrimp feed)6 Extruded feed ≤ 1807 Batching accuracy/ % ± 0.20 （ Accuracy grade ： 0.20 ）8 Packaging accuracy / % Maximum allowable deviation and error

of full scale capacity are in accordance with Grade X(0.2) specified in GB/T 27738-2011

9 Stability Continuous working time of equipment & production line without fault shutdown is no less than 40 hours / Equal to 5 shifts

Notes 1. Energy consumption per ton of feed produced should be tested in accordance with sub-clause 5.1.1 of this standard.

2. Continuous working time without fault shutdown contains the fault intervals, which is not caused by operation but do not influence the production. Fault intervals caused by wrong operation should not be included into fault shutdown period.

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 4 RequirementIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 4 Requirement

4.2 Technical Specifications


中机华丰

Table 2 Quality index of finished feedNo. Item index1 Mixing Uniformity

Coefficient of Variation (CV)

/ %

Compound feed livestock and poultry feed

≤ 10

2 Aqua feed ≤ 73 Concentrate and supplement ≤ 74 Particle size after

grindinglivestock and poultry feed Meet national standards for related

compound feedAqua feed Meet the requirements of table A.1

in annex A of this standard5 Fines rate of

finished product / %

livestock and poultry feed

Pellets ≤4 (except for speciality feed)Extruded feed Meet national standards for related

compound feed6Aqua feed Pellets ≤ 0.5

7 Extruded feed ≤ 0.189 Percentage of

powdered pellets / %

livestock and poultry feed

Pellets Meet requirements of GB/T 16765-1997

Extruded feed Meet national standards for related feed10

11 Aqua feed Pellets ≤ 1012 Extruded feed ≤ 1




Table 2 Quality index of finished feedNo. Item Index13 Moisture content /

%livestock and poultry

feedPellets Meet national

standards for related feed

14 Extruded feed Meet national standards for related

feed15 Aqua feed Pellets ≤ 12.516 Extruded feed ≤ 1017 Dissolve rate of aqua feed Meet the requirements

of table A.2 in annex A of this standard

18 Floating rate of extruded floating aquaculture feed / % ≥ 9919 Sinking rate of extruded sinking aquaculture feed / % ≥ 99





4.3 Specifications of technological process development 成套设备工艺设计规范

4.3.1 Document of Technological Process Design 工艺设计文件 Including:

1. Flow diagram & equipment list

2. Processing description and the main technical-economic specifications.

3. Layout drawings of the complete set of equipment.

4. Drawings of Installation and non-standard parts of the complete set of equipment.

5. Documents for civil engineering design.

6. Design drawings of control system and components list. 中机华丰


中机华丰


4.3.2 Design of flow diagram 工艺流程设计4.3.2.1 Design principles of flow diagram: 工艺流程设计原则 1. The technology adopted shall be of economical benefits. Mature and advanced processing technology and equipment

shall be applied according to the specific requirements about plant capacity, raw materials processed, type and quality of products, etc.

Working sections shall match each other and each is designed and optimized for mechanized, continuous and automatic operation not only to increase the equipment utilization rate and labor productivity, but also decrease the labor intensity, energy consumption and raw material waste.

The requirements of related national standards must be met in respect of product quality, safety and health as well as environmental protection.

2. Flow of material, compressed air, steam and air of dust collection system shall be indicated in the diagram.

3. Flow diagram shall be drawn with the graphical symbols specified in GB/T 24352 and if the symbols are not available, a legend of symbols is necessary in the drawings.



4.3.2.2 Technological specifications of process design 工艺设计技术规范4.3.2.2.1 Raw material receiving & cleaning section 原料接收工段1. To ensure continuous production the equipment receiving capacity should be 3 to

4 times larger than the capacity of the feedmill and the supply capacity of raw materials should be 1 to 2 times larger than the productivity of the mill.

2. Grains entering to silos and powdered materials to silos and batching bins should be cleaned first so screener, magnet and dust collection system should be equipped in the section.

3. Silos should be equipped with aeration systems and temperature sensors.



4.3.2.2 Technological specifications of process design 工艺设计技术规范4.3.2.2.1 Raw material receiving & cleaning section 原料接收工段



4.3.2.2.2 Grinding section 粉碎工段1.The productivity of grinding section should be higher than that of batching & mixing section. Different types of grinders should be selected according to the characteristics of raw materials and product requirement.

2.For air assist system , the air volume and pressure should fit with the raw material to be ground and the hole diameter of grinder screen. For the system with hole diameter of grinder screen less than 1.5 mm, it is recommended to use both cyclone and baghouse filter or use pneumatic conveying discharge system.

3.The capacity of feeder and discharge conveyor should match the one of the grinder.

Source: John D. Payne / 1997

Hammermill 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.3.2.2.3 Batching and mixing section 配料与混合工段

Micre Scale

Batching Scale

Liquid Scale

Batching Scales According to the percentage in the formula,

feed ingredients are divided into large and micro ingredients.

Microingredients in animal feeds are components incorporated at inclusion levels below 500 ppm （ 5/10000 ） .

For better accuracy, big scales are assigned for components at high inclusion levels

Batching accuracy:static:0.1%, dynamic:0.2% The use of a good automated

microproportioning system ensures that weighing errors do not exceed 0.04%.

Factors that affect batching accuracy:

Structure of batching bins Structure & parameters of feeders Scale error including loadcells and

scale structure Scale head and electromagnetic

interference Feeding sequence of components



4.3.2.2.3 Batching and mixing section 配料与混合工段

Variable CVsLong mixing timeMedium power demand & costFor materials with close characteristics

Good CVsShort mixing timeHigh power dem. ， Hihg costFor different materialsFlexible feeling level 40-140%

Poor CVsLonger mixing timeLow Power dem. ， CheapFor materials with close characteristics

Mixers Mixers including vertical mixer, horizontal ribbon mixer and Forberg mixer

horizontal ribbon mixer and Forberg mixer are the most common types in feedmills.



4.3.2.2.3 Batching and mixing section 配料与混合工段1. The section can make no less than 10 batches / hour of poultry and livestock

compound feed. And it is able to supply adequate mash feed for following pelleting or extrusion sections.

2. The quantity and size of batching bins should be designed based on formulas for continuous production. And their structures should be in favor of less residue and good flowability of materials.

3. For ingredients with large inclusion levels in feed formula, computer controlled batching system is recommended for fast speed and better accuracy.

4. For weighing of premixes with inclusion levels below 2% as well as ingredients which are not suitable to stay in bins, hand-add station or microproportioning system are recommended. Otherwise they should be diluted to inclusion levels above 5% first and then stored in he batching bins.

5. If double grinding after mixing for fine material is used, another mixing for the ground material is recommended for better Mixing Uniformity.

6. For aqua feed production, liquid ingredients should be added in the last mixer中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.3.2.2.4 Shaping sections 成型工段 As a hydro-thermal

process, pelleting is normally put together with extrusion, drying and cooling.

Pelleting system normally includes pre-pelleting bins, pelletmill, cooler, crumbler and shifter.

A pelletmill can be laid in series / parallel with the extruder in the system.

Serial layout: For better conditioning

parallel layout: For product variety 中机华丰


中机华丰


4.3.2.2.4 Shaping sections 成型工段Pelletmills

Work Principle ：The meal fed uniformly on to the

die ahead of the rollers forms a bed of material. Each time the rollers compress this material when they roll over it and the material escapes into the individual die holes. The pressure increases until the plug of material starts moving through the die hole.

Pelletmill classification ： Flat die Pelletmill Ring Die Pelletmill

平模制粒机

环模制粒机2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.3.2.2.4 Shaping sections 成型工段

A tool used to introduce thermal and mechanical energy to food and feed ingredients, forcing the basic components of the ingredients, such as starch and protein, to undergo chemical and physical changes. Meanwhile, forming a predetermined shape.

The extrusion technology is used for grease product, feed product and food product due to low consume and high efficiency, suitable to cosmically product.

Definition of Extrusion A continuous process by which moistened, expansile, starchy, and/or proteinaceous materials are plasticized and cooked by a combination of moisture, pressure, temperature and mechanical shear.

Typical Extruder



4.3.2.2.4 Shaping sections 成型工段1. Several production lines of pelleting and extruding may be set according to the

required productivity and the types of finished feed.

2. The productivity of cooler and crumbler should match the maximum capacity of the pelletmill. And the productivity of sifter shall not be less than the Max. one of the crumbler.

3. The fines returned from the sifter should be delivered back to pelletmill by reasonable method and route.

4. Dryers, coolers, coaters, and other devices should be equipped In the extruding line to enhance production and improve quality.

5. It is recommended to produce aqua feed pellet with extruders.



4.3.2.2.5 Finished product processing section 成品处理工段

1.The productivity of packaging system should be larger than the capacity of the feedmill. Several bagging machines may be set according to the required productivity and the types of finished feed.

2.Liquid coating system for enzymes, liquid vitamins, etc. may be equipped according to the requirement before bagging.

3.A feed cleaner may be installed before finished product loadout.

4.It is recommended to use stacker, transfer trolley and loader in this section.

feed trucksBag stacker

Bagging scale



4.3.2.3 Equipment layout 工艺设备布置1. The choice of feedmill workshop structure (concrete / steel ) should be determined

based on local geologic structure, environment, construction period, investment, etc..

2. It is recommended to build the main workshop into a multistory building. The plant layout must follow the flow diagram for continuous production. Workshop construction area as well as number and height of floors shall be considered for saving cost. The column arrangement and floor elevation should match the standard construction module of civil engineering.



4.3.2.3 Equipment layout 工艺设备布置3. Adequate spaces among machines should be reserved for operating, maintenance,

wear parts replacing and future equipment installation. When designing of floor elevation, gravity flow of material should be considered.

Feedmill Layout drawings 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.4 Basic requirements for equipment 设备基本要求4.4.1 Design, manufacturing and selection of main equipment 主要设备设计、制造与选用1.The main equipment of the complete set should be finalized products which are advanced and reliable. They should meet the functional requirements, technical specifications and quality acceptance criteria of national or professional standards.

2.The main machines should have nameplates, on which the machine’s performance specifications are listed. The format, content and fixed position of nameplates should conform with the requirements of GB/T 9969.

3.The performance of the machines should reach the specifications listed on the nameplate. Packing list and operation manuals for machines should be available. The format and content of operation manuals should conform with the requirements of GB/T 9969.

4.The mechanical and electrical safety requirements should comply with the provision 4.9.1 of this standard.



4.4.2 Design and manufacturing of nonstandard equipment 非标设备设计制造1. The capacity of all bins should ensure continuous production of the plant.

2. Inspection windows, doors and / or manholes should be set at right positions of bins and where inspection, sampling or maintenance is needed.

3. The internal surface of bins should be built as smooth as possible and material leakage should be avoided. Manholes on bintop should be well sealed.

4. The manufacturing of all non-standard parts shall be in accordance with the design drawings.

5. All conduits, tubing, piping, ducts, spouts and their supports shall be built in site in accordance with the requirements of GB50235.

6. The cyclone and air ducts of pellet cooling system shall be made of stainless steel and well insulated.

7. The design and manufacturing of ladders, platforms and rails shall be made in accordance with the requirements of GB 4053.1, GB 4053.2, GB 4053.3. 中机华丰



4.5 Design and manufacturing of computer control system

4.5.1 Requirements of function 功能要求Besides being safe, reliable, cost effective and logical, the control system should possess the following functions:

1.Automatic control of production, overload protection, power-off protection, interlock and monitoring of equipment operation

2.Lightning protection

3.Auto / manual operation selection can be realized through a toggle switch, minimizing down time when computer fails.

4.Backup and restore of important data and historical real time trending of critical plant sections

5.Possibility to extend for future added items



4.5.2 Requirements of design and manufacturing

1.Design and manufacturing of control system should conform to the requirements of GB/T 3797.

2.Equipment start, stop, interlock and overload protection should be realized through corresponding automatic control system.

3.Arrangement and installation of electrical components in distributing board, MCC and control panels shall not only comply with the requirements of GB 50254 but also meet the following requirements:

①Power components (transformer, driving components, power source , etc.), and control components (relays, PLC) should be separated.

②Control panels with digital display should not be installed near power cable, or machines with coil.

4.The installation of distributing board, MCC and control panels shall comply with the requirements of GB50171.

5.Outdoor control cabinets should be waterproof, dustproof and locked properly.中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.5.2 Requirements of design and manufacturing

6. All sensors and Instruments shall be wired correctly for proper signal transmission and their specifications and models should comply with the requirements of the contract.

7. Wiring between control panels, MCC, site cabinets and equipment shall be correct and solid and their specifications should comply with the requirements of the contract.

8. The type and size of cable shall not only comply with the rated current of the equipment motor, but also meet the following requirements:

①For rotating or shaking equipment, PVC Insulated RVV cable is recommended.

②For motors under 15KW, armored cable is recommended.

9. All distributing boards, MCC, control panels, site cabinets, etc. shall be properly protected during delivery and storage in jobsite.

铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯护套软电线中机华丰


Graphic Control Panel


4.5.3 Other requirements1.The control system for batching and mixing should comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 20803.

2.The control system for grinding shall be able to monitor the current drawn by the grinder motor and adjust the RPM of the grinder’s feeder based on the feedback.

3.It is recommended that feedback control systems are utilized for pelletmills and extruders so that feeding rate as well as addition of steam and liquid are adjusted automatically.

4.The liquid adding system shall be controlled and interlocked together with batching scales so that automatic production can start after the formula is fixed regardless of whatever the ingredient is.

Colour graphics mimic on PC

Networked system



4.6 Equipment installation

4.6.1 The general principles of the installation

1.The installation of complete equipment should be carried out following the installation drawings and equipment operation manuals

2.The installation of complete equipment should be carried out according to the installation steps ,requirements and methods specified in GB50231

3.Warnings, notice and security identifiers shall be set in the installation site and their colours and symbols should meet the requirement of GB 2894

4.6.2 Equipment installation and connections between them

1.Equipment shall be located strictly following the dimensions of installation drawings

2.The inlets and outlets of grinders, scales, fans, screeners and other machines which have accuracy requirements or vibrates in production shall be flexibly connected.

3.All connection joints shall be sealed



4.6.2 Equipment installation and connections between them4.Enough space around machines should be left for operation and maintenance. For motors and transmissions 2 meters above floor, maintenance platforms shall be equipped.

5.For batching and mixing system:

①Scale hoppers should be stably installed, and the supports for load cells shall comply with requirements of load cells.

②Scale hoppers shall have test weights supports for scale calibration.

③Air balance duct shall be installed between top and bottom of mixer for accurate weighing.

④The distance between feeder outlet and scale hoppers should be within 150 mm if there is no specific requirements.

6.Separate supports for conditioners shall be supplied where over 3 of them are installed together.

7.Vibration reduction measures shall be taken for vibrating equipment duiring installation. It is recommended to place 10 mm rubber plates under the equipment legs. 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


4.6.3 installation of fans, compressors and pumps

1.Fans, compressors and various pumps in the complete equipment shall be installed and tested following the related instructions of equipment manuals or GB50275.

2.For compressed air piping, filter, regulator and lubricator (FRL) shall be installed 1000 mm before air cylinders and FR before baghouse filters.



4.6.4 Installation of piping and ducting 1.Manufacturing and installation of piping for steam, compressed air, water, etc. shall be conducted following the instructions of GB 50235 and GB5023.

2.The quality inspection, test and acceptance of piping system shall be conducted following the instructions of GB 50184.

3.Cleaning doors on horizontal section of air ducting for cooling system and dust collection system shall be reserved.

4.Suction hoods shall be installed in every dust collection point and the section area of the hood shall be 5 times larger than the one of it’s exhaust.



4.6.4 Installation of piping and ducting 5.Air ducting of pneumatic conveying system shall be made following it’s drawings and the radius of elbows on the duct should be no less than 3 times of it’s diameter.

6.Steam supply manifold and piping shall be insulated.

7.Steam piping auxiliaries frequently adjusted shall be installed in proper positions for easy operation and maintenance.



4.6.5 Field manufacturing and installation of non standard parts1.During the construction of concrete floors, the dimensions of foundation, specifications of reinforcing bars, methods of rebar tying and concrete pouring, sims, etc. shall comply with the relevant clause of GB50231.

2.When expansion bolts are used to anchor machines on concrete floor, the specification and strength of the bolts should meet the design requirements.

3.All bins and hoppers shall be manufactured and installed following the drawings. And breaking devices for material bridging should be considered near their outlets.

4.Installation of spouting should meet following requirements:

①Meet the requirements of Table 3;②Vertical section over 300 mm loong shall be left on the inclined spout near connecting flanges.③Sampling holes or observation holes on the spout should be 800~1000mm over the floor.

Table 3 Installation Angle of SpoutingIngredients Minimum Spouting Angles

Grains 粒料 45Mash 粉料 60

Premixes 预混料 65



4.6.5 Field manufacturing and installation of non standard parts

5.Lack of weld, lack of penetration, burning through, porosity, cracks, etc. in welding seams shall be avoided. And welding slags should be cleaned for smooth surface.

6.Wear-resistant linear for spouts of grains shall be installed.

7.The production and installation of vertical ladders, inclined ladders, handrails and platforms in the site shall meet the following requirements:

①The production and installation of vertical ladders in the workshop shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB4053.1.

②The production and installation of inclined ladders in the workshop shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the GB4053.2.

③The production and installation of handrails and platforms in the workshop shall comply with the relevant provisions of the GB4053.3


中机华丰


4.6.6 The installation of control system 1.The installation of trays, supports and hangers for cables shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB50168.

2.The selection, manufacturing and installation of conduits shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB50168.

3.Cable wiring and connections shall comply with the provisions of GB50168.

4.Control wires and communication wires shall be laid separately.

5.Anti-shock devices for low level bindicators shall be installed on hoppers, and high level bindicators to be installed on bintop through the junction box.

6.The installation of MCC, control panels, lightning cabinets shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB50171. Quality inspections in accordance with GB50303 shall be completed and following requirements shall be met before acceptance.

①Control panels shall be reliably grounded;②Different sections of a complete control panel shall be bolted together.

7.Specifications, embedding parts and connections of grounding devices for workshops, warehouses, outdoor oil tanks and other electrical equipment shall be inspected following the requirements of GB50169.


中机华丰


4.7 Commissioning1.Four clauses from 4.7.1 to 4.7.4 are presented in this section with several sub-clauses in each clause to describe the general procedures and requirements of equipment commissioning.

2.In fact, commissioning differs a lot with technicians and applications. Here are some of my general procedures.

Equipment check, element adjust & lubricant filling

Run equipment by hands

Power equipment, check rotation & status, adjust

Run system from behind

System cleaning

Instruments setting

Calibration of scales & sensors

Interlock checking

System loading

Plant loading

Test run & acceptance



4.8 Final painting

4.8.1 processing before painting1.Final painting shall be implemented after installation of complete equipment. It includes fixing of damaged paintings of machines as well as painting for the site made components like scale hoppers, adaptors, spouting, ducts, ladders, platforms and so on.

2.Derusting of steel surface shall comply with the requirements of JB/T 11299-2012.

4.8.2 Paint selection1.Priming shall comply with the requirements of clause 4.3 in JB/T11299-2012 if no requirements specified in design.

2.The paint color shall comply with not only the contract agreed by both parties but also the relevant provisions of GB2893.

4.8.23 Painting quality1.The process and quality of painting shall meet the requirements of JB/T11299-2012.

2.Outdoor equipment should be protected from rain for 4 hours after coating.



4.9 Safety and hygiene

4.9.1 Safety

4.9.1.1 Machinery safety1.The safety requirements for grinders, mixers, pellet mills, extruders, coaters, dryers, coolers, conveying equipment, etc. shall comply with the provisions of the relevant product standards.

2.For platforms 1.2 meters above floors, hand rails shall be installed. And if tools, equipment parts or articles will be placed on them, their hand rails should have kick plates.

3.Vertical ladders, inclined ladders, railings and platforms shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB4053.1,GB4C53.2 and GB4053.3.

4.For moving parts, inlets or outlets of fans and electrical components, various guards shall be installed. Thermal insulation or protective measures shall be taken for parts with high temperatures. The safety distance of protection device from dangerous zone shall comply with the provisions of GB23821.


中机华丰


4.9.1.1 Machinery safety

5.The rotating and dangerous parts shall be marked with corresponding signs. The safety colors, safety labels and colors for industrial piping identification shall be made in accordance with the provisions of GB2893, GB/T2893 and GB7231. And the operating signs on equipment shall be clear and durable.

6.Magnets before grinders, pelletmills and extruders shall be installed.

7.Temperature alarm device shall be installed in counter flow coolers.

8.Equipment operating parameters, such as voltage, current, pressure, maximum temperature, etc. shall be marked on the nameplate of the equipment and should not be marked far away from the machine.

9.Sharp edges and burrs on parts made in construction site shall be ground.

10.Pressure gauges, pressure relief valves and overpressure alarm device shall be installed on high pressure equipment. And temperature gauges and over temperature alarm device for high temperature equipment.

11.Vertical conveying equipment shall have explosion venting devices.

12.Detailed operation procedures, safety precautions and indications for equipment shall be presented in operation manuals.



4.9.1.2 Electrical safety

1.Electrical safety should comply with the relevant provisions of GB5226.1.

2.Electrical devices shall be installed in areas where there is no dust explosion risk as far as possible. If they have to be set in any dust explosion area specified in GB 19081, their structures shall be dust proof.

3.Interlocked centralized computer control should be able to start the system from downstream to upstream and stop that in reverse order. In the meantime, it shall meet the function requirements of each machine.



4.9.2 hygiene

4.9.2.1 Equipment hygiene1.The design of complete equipment shall meet the hygiene requirements of GBZ 1-2010.

2.Material of parts in contact with feed in processing shall not contain poisonous and harmful elements to animals.

3.The internal structure of equipment in contact with feed should be suitable for material flow and cleaning without dead zones which can not be cleaned with conventional methods. Compressed air blowing devices and/or man holes shall be installed if it is necessary for residue cleaning.

4.Structural parts that need to be disassembled for cleaning should be removable.

5.Inner surfaces of bins, hopper and spouts should be made smoothly without dead corners.

6.Drag flight conveyors should have self cleaning function.



4.9.2.1 Equipment hygiene7.Reliable seals shall be installed in the shaft holes on the feed-contained parts so that no feed leakage and contamination can happen.

8.All manholes, access doors, cleaning holes, observation windows, connection between inlets and outlets shall be sealed without dust leakage.

9.Dust collection system or filtering device shall be installed for the equipment where air exhaust is caused by material flow.

10.Lubricated bearings close to feed shall have reliable seals.

11.Adequate space shall be left between floors and platforms on them, as well as piping and equipment for cleaning.

12.Compressed air pipes shall be blown with compressed air during installation.

13.Welding rod ends, slags and other articles not desired in the bins shall be cleaned after they are installed with welding.


中机华丰

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 4 RequirementIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 4 Requirement4.9.2.2 Control of residue and cross contamination1.The rate of feed residue in equipment shall comply with the provisions of the standards for relevant machinery. If the standard is not available, the agreement between manufacturers and users shall be followed.

2.Distributors with gravity flow are recommended for material conveying compared with horizontal screw conveyors. Less material elevating and surge bins shall be considered during equipment layout. Independent dust collection system is preferred so that fine dust can be reclaimed.

3.Smells shall be controlled in the production of aquatic pellets or extrudates.

4.9.2.3 NoiseThe noise level in noisy area shall comply with the provisions of GBZ2.2. And the levels in operation area shall conform to the provisions of table 5 in clause 6.3.1.7 of GBZ1-2010.

4.9.2.4 Dust concentration1.The dust concentration in operation area shall not be more than 8 mg/m3.

2.The dust concentration of exhaust shall not be more than 120 mg/m3 in standard conditions.


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test methodIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test method

5.1 Performance test

5.2 Quality of finished feed

5.3 Health and Safety

5.4 Installation, connection and sealing: GB 50184

5.5 Painting quality: GB/T 11299-2012

1. Productivity and power consumption2. Batching accuracy: GB/T 20803-20063. Bagging accuracy: Use the professional rules of

weighing instrument 4. Stability of complete equipment

1. Grinding particle size: GB/T 5917.12. Mixing Uniformity: GB/T 5918 3. Feed moisture level: GB/T 64354. Percentage of powered pellets: GB/T 16765-19975. Fines rate of finished products: GB/T 16765 一 1997 6. Dissolve rate: Annex C7. Floating rate and sinking rate: Annex C

1. Safety: GB 23821, GB 2893, GB/T 2893.2, GB 7231, GB 50257

2. Health: GBZ/T 192.1, GB/T 16157, GBZ/T 189.8


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test methodIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test method5.1.1 Tests of Productivity and power consumption1.Use the formula specified in Annex B of this standard for tests;

2.Use integrating power meters to detect the power consumed in tests.

3.Tests shall be done 10 minutes after the complete equipment / system in stable production conditions. That means the motor of main equipment draws about 80% of it’s rating current and the system is in contunious operation.

4.Min. test time is 4 hours.

5.Batching bins after test shall be filled to the same level when the test starts.

6.Average value of two test results will be the final index.

E: Productivity of complete equipment, t/h;

Q: Total weight of feed produced in the test , t

T: Test time, h

G: Power consumption per ton of feed (SME), kw.h / t;

Gn: Total power consumed in test , kW.h


中机华丰

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test methodIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 5 Test method5.2.2 Test of Mixing Uniformity (CV)1. Select a Micro-ingredient as the test tracer. ( e.g. : Salt )

2. Draw Samples from10 predesignated locations or at even intervals during mixer discharge.

3. Assay samples for tracer content in a lab. E.g. : The sodium (Na+) or chloride (Cl-) ions from salt ( NaCl ) may be analyzed after mixing the feed samples in a water solution.

4. Calculate the average tracer concentration and variation between samples.

5. Arrive at a single value described as the coefficient of variation (CV).

6. Calculating the CV is performed using the following equation:

CV = S/X×100%

S: standard deviation : variation between samples

X: mean : the average tracer concentration

Sampling scheme used to evaluate mixing performance in a horizontal paddle mixer.


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 AcceptanceIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 Acceptance

6.1 Conditions for acceptance1. All equipment and auxiliary systems of the complete equipment have been completely installed following the design drawings

2. Equipment and systems have been tested respectively without and with load and meet the basic requirements of test run

3.The individual installations of mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, piping, etc. have been self-inspected and all qualified

4.The individual records and documents which can prove inspections, rectification, tests, etc. have been done and completed are available

5. As built drawings and relevant documents for final acceptance are ready

6.2 Items of acceptance1.Performance of complete equipment;

2.Quality of finished feed

3.Installation quality of complete equipment;

4.Technical documents 中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]

Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 AcceptanceIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 Acceptance6.3 Acceptance procedures

6.3.1 Documents to be reviewed

1.As-built drawings and design documents;

2.Quality inspection records during installation;

3.Inspection certificates of manufacturing & installation for special equipment;

4.Quality acceptance records from individual work contractors.

5.Certificates of qualification and safety for machines and electrical equipment

6.Qualification certificates and inspection reports for materials of non-standard parts.

7.Test records of complete equipment performance.

8.Test records of finished product quality

9.Detection reports of noise level and dust concentration

10.Rectification and acceptance records for punch-listed items.


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 AcceptanceIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 -- Part 6 Acceptance6.3 Acceptance procedures6.3.2 Site inspections1.Site inspection shall be done by qualified professional personnel from both parties when the complete set of equipment are in normal operation conditions.

2.Equipment type, model and specifications, quantity and power shall be checked following the flow diagram and equipment list

3.Equipment positioning and installation shall meet the requirements of layout and installation drawings.

4.Inspection for main equipment :①Bearing temperatures of grinder, mixer, pellet mill, extruder, big fans and other key equipment shall be within a predetermined range;②Painting of all equipment is damaged or not?③Oil leakage in gearbox or transmission exists or not?④Equipment sound and vibration is normal or not?

5.Inspection for safety devices and signs :①Guards for transmission parts installed?②Moving direction of parts marked? Warning signs for high temperature and electricity installed?③Piping for steam, hot oil and drying medium insulated or marked with safety signs?中机华丰2016/07/13 [email protected]


6.4 Equipment handover

6.4.1 Conditions of equipment handover 1.Construction work agreed by both parties in the contract is completed.

2.Specifications agreed by both parties in the contract have been detected, and the test results meet the requirements of the contract.

3.Complete equipment functions well and it’s capacity during the test run can reach the target specified in the contract.

4.Safety and fire control facilities are equipped in the proper positions.

5.Operators have been trained and qualified for equipment operation.

6.Defects found in acceptance have been completely fixed.

7.Design documents and drawings for the project are complete;

8.Equipment accessories, spare parts and special tools specified in the contract are in place.



6.4.2 Project document to be provided

1.Project contract and it’s annexes.

2.Complete documents and as built drawings for the project.

3.Wiring drawings for power systems and distribution.

4.Electrical control diagrams and wiring drawings of control cabinets.

5.Operation manuals for electrical control system.

6.Instruction manuals and backup files of software used in control systems.

7.Operation manuals of all machines.

8.Performance test records of complete equipment.

9.Quality test records of finished feed

10.Project acceptance report of complete equipment.


Introduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – AnnexesIntroduction of GB/T 30472-2013 – Annexes

Annex A Quality specifications of aquatic compound feedTable A.1 Required particle size of ground ingredients for different aquatic feeds水产配合饲料原料粉碎粒度

Aquatic animals饲养对象Young Adult

Screen hole size / mm

Content of overs / %

Screen hole size / mm

Content of overs / %

Herbivorous fish 食草鱼类 0.355 ≤ 10 0.500 ≤ 10

Carnivorous fish 肉食性鱼类 0.250 ≤ 5 0.425 ≤ 5

Shrimp 虾 0.250 ≤ 5 0.250 ≤ 5Crabs 蟹 0.250 ≤ 5 0.425 ≤ 5

Turtle 乌龟 0.180 ≤ 6 0.180 ≤ 8Mussels 蚌 0.250 ≤ 5 0.250 ≤ 5

Note: Particle size of ground ingredients for little aquatic animals shall meet their respective requirements.



Table A.2 Max. dissolve rate of aquatic feed in waterAquatic animals饲养对象 Feed category Soaking time /min Dissolve rate / %

Fish 鱼 Pellets 5 ≤ 10Extrudates 20 ≤ 10

Shrimp 虾 Pellets 120 ≤ 12Crabs 蟹 Pellets 30 ≤ 10

Turtle, Eel乌龟，鳗鱼 Mash 60 ≤ 5

Frog 蛙 Pellets 60Pellets are not

cracked or peeled during soaking.

Annex A Quality specifications of aquatic compound feed



Annex B Recommended formulas for feedmill performance test

1.Recommended formulas for pelleted poultry & livestock feeds

2.Recommended formulas for pelleted aquaculture feeds

3.Recommended formulas for aquaculture extrudates

Annex C Some quality test methods for aquaculture feeds

1.Test methods for dissolve rate of aquatic feed

2.Test methods for floating rate of aquatic feed

3.Test methods for sinking rate of aquatic feed


ConclusionConclusion1. “EAT EGGS OR DIE — Poultry International” : Life of human being quite

related to animal husbandry

2. Without safe feed, no safe food & human being health

3. Not as old as flour milling, but many processes and equipment are developed and have been used in practice. But standards for them need to be completed or improved

4. Not many research work for standardization has been done. Generally speaking, team work among different equipment suppliers and standard drafting staff shall be done

5. Finally, standardization work still to be properly organized and managed


Standardization of feed milling equipment in China

Technology

Transcript of Standardization of feed milling equipment in China