sIþBI fñalbNþúHkUneQI nig...

esovePA sIþBI

fñalbNþúHkUneQI nig dMNaMeQIhUbEpø

erobcMeday³ elak sY éh mRnþIsmPaKIEpñkksirukçkmµ én FAO extþesomrab elak e)a: Cag mRnþIsmPaKIIEpñkksirukçkmµ EpñkbNþúHbNþal pSBVpSay

nigkargarTMnak;TMng(TEC) én FAO extþesomrab ]btßmÖeday³ GgÁkar FAO extþesomrab esomrab éf¶TI 23 emsa qñaM 2004

bBa¢IeQµaHsmaCikRkumEpñkksirukçkmµ GgÁkar FAO extþesomrab

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1- elak sY éh RbFanEpñkrdæ)aléRBeQICIERkg nig CamRnþIsmPaKIIEpñk ksirukçkmµ énGgÁkar FAO extþesomrab

2- elak e)a: Cag mRnþIkariyaly½pSBVpSayksikmµ nig CamRnþIsmPaKIIEpñk ksirukçkmµ Epñk TEC én FAO extþesomrab

3- elak Lay supl mRnþIEpñkrdæ)aléRBeQI nigCamRnþIsmPaKIIEpñkksirukçkmµ énGgÁkar FAO extþesomrab

4- elak va:n; ehOg Pñak;garpSBVpSaydMNaMeQIhUbEpø

bBa¢IGtßbT TMBr½

I- kareFIVEpnkarfñal >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 1 1- EpnkarsMrab;Gnuvtþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 1 2- kmµviFIénkarplit >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2

3- karkt;Rta >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2 4- tMélénkUneQI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2 II- karbegáItfñal >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 4 1- kareRCIserIsTItaMg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 4 2- kareFIVEpnTIBRgag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 5 3- karsagsg;fñal >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 5

3-1-rgdak;fg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 5 3-2-rgpSaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 5 3-3-rg b¤fassab >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 6

4- karerobcMRbBn§½Twk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 6 III- karerobcMdI nigkarlaydIsMrab;Rckfg; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 6 IV- karRbmUlRKab;BUC>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 9 V- bec©keTsbNþúHkUneQIedayRKab;>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 10 VI-karsÞÚgkUneQIkñúgfg;>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 14 VII-bec©keTsbNþúHkUneQItamsrIragÁ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 17 1-GtßRbeyaCn_>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 17 2-viFIsaRsþénkarbNþúHkUneQItamsrIragÁ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 17 2-1-karbNþúHkUneQIedayEmk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 17 2-2-karbNþúHkUneQIedayKl; b¤sÞMú >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 18 2-3-kardaMeQIedaypSaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 19 VIII-karEfTaMkUneQI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 20

IX- kardaMeQI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 26 1-kargarEdlRtUverobcMmuneBldwkkUneQIeTAdaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 26 k-cMeBaHkUneQIbNþúHkñúgfg; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 26 x-cMeBaHkUneQIbNþúHkñúgrgpSaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 27 2-karerobcMdI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 27 3-KMlatdaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 27 4-karCIkreNþA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 28 5-kardaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 28 6-karEfrkSa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 30 X- GMBICI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 31 1-CIGsrIragÁ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 31 2-CIsrIragÁ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 31 XI- kareFIVCIkMb:usþ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 32 1-etIkMb:úsþCaGIVeTA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 32 2-etIGIV)anekIteLIgenAeBleFIVkMb:usþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 32 3-etIkMb:usþmansarFatuciBa©wmGIVxøHsMrab;dMNaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 33 4-plRbeyaCn_énkMb:usþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 34 5-sMParHsMrab;eFICIkMb:usþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 35 5-1-sMParHeRbIR)as; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 35 5-2-sarFatusrIragÁ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 35 6-karerobcMeFIVCIkMb:usþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 36 6-1-rebobeFIVCIkMb:usþelIdIrabesµI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 36 6-2-rebobeFIVCIkMb:usþkñúgRTug >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 40 XII- dMNaMeQIhUbEpø >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43

1- plRbeyaCn_éndMNaMeQIhUbEpø>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43 2- rdUvénkardaMduH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43

3- kareRCIserIsTIkEnøgdaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43 4- karerobcMdIsMrab;eFIVcMkar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43 4-1-karerobcMbøg; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 43 4-2-karerobcMrbgkarBar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 4-3-karerobcMRbBn§½eRsacRsB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 4-4-karerobcMRbBn§½daMduH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 k-karerobcMrg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 x-KMlatdaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 K-karerobcMreNþA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 5-kareRCIserIsBUC >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 45 6-rebobdaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 45 7-karRKbRKgcMkar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46 k- kareRsacRsB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46 x- karkMcat;esµA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46 K- kardak;CI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46 X- kartak;EtgEmk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48 8-karBRgIkBUC >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48 k- rebobsak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48 x- rebobbMe)A >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 49 K- rebobtRtYy >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 50 X- rebobBuHbBa©ÚlRtYy >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 50 g- reboP¢ab;EPñk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 51

XIII- viFIsaRsþkñúgkarkMcat;ktþacéRgelIdMNaM>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52 1-karkMcat;edayeRbIGnÞak;ePøIg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52 2-karkMcat;edaycab;nigéd >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52

3-karkMcat;tamrebobdaMduH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52

4-karkMcat;tamrebobCIvsaRsþ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52 5-karkMcat;edayeRbIfñaMBul >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52 5-1-fñaMBulpSMBIrukçCati >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 52 5-2-fñaMBulksikmµ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 58 5-2-1-niymny½ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 58 5-2-2-RkumfñaMBulksikmµ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 58 5-2-3-EbbEpnskmµPaBrbs;fñaMBulksikmµ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 58 5-2-4-kareRCIserIsfñaMBulksikmµ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59

5-2-5-eRKaHfñak; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59 k-eRKaHfñak;Buldl;mnusS nigstV >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59 x-eFIVeGayRkxVk;dl;brisßan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59 K-karBuldl;rukçCati >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 60

5-2-6-karkan;kab; nigkareRbIR)as;fñaMBuleGaymansuvtßiPaB>>>>>>>>> 60 5-2-7-cMNat;fñak;fñaMBul >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 61 5-2-8-eraKsBaØaénkarBulfñaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 62 5-2-9-karseRgÁaHbnÞan; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 62 5-2-10-karEfrkSabrisßan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 62 5-2-11-viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat;ktþacéRg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 67 esovePAEdl)andkRsg; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

I. kareFVIEpnkarfñal eKalbMNg³ ◊ edIm,IBRgwgCMnajEpñkEpnkarrbs;GñkcUlrYmsMrab;karbegáIt nigkarRKb;RKg fñaleday

mankar KUsbBaa¢k;nUvkareRCIserIsTItaMgeGay)ansmRsb . kar garfñalbNþúHkUn eQIEdlTTYl)aneCaKC½yenaHtMrUveGaymankareFVIEpnkar eGay)anRtwmRtUv Edlkñúg enaHmaneKalbMNgc,as;las;mYyRtUv)aneFVIeLIg dUcCa ³

tRmUvkarGMBIRbePTeQI cMnYnkUneQIEdlRtUvbNþúHb¤ RtUvplitkñúgmYyqñaM ² RbePTénkUneQI ¬bNþúHedayRKab; b¤edaysrIragÁ b¤sÞúm¦ TItaMgEdlkUneQIRtUv)anykeTAdaM rMBwgKitfa etIfñaleRbIR)as;sMrab;bNþúHkUneQIb:unµanqñaM viFIsaRsþkñúgkarplit nigeBlevlaénkarplit . CarYmfñalbNþúHkUneQIRtUveFVIy:agNabNþúHkUneQIeGaymanKuNPaBl¥ tamRbePT

kUneQIEdlRtUvkar eGayTan;eBlvala nig TMhMkUneQIEdlRtUvdaM kñúgcMnYnRKab;RKan; nig tMélsmrmü . CamYyenHEdr fvikaKYrykcitþTukdak; bMputsMrab;cMNayeTAelIkMlaMg Blkmµ nigsMPar³epSg²kñúgkardMeNIrkarfñal. kareFVIEpnkarrYmman³ 1> EpnkarGnuvtþþþ ◊ ehdæarcnasm<n§½¬TwkeRsacRsBV rbgkarBar eragkmµkr b¤kEnøgTukdak; sMPar³ .l.¦ ◊ sMPar³sagsg;fñal ¬begÁal és,RKb Rkak;rbg>>>.l.¦ ◊ ]bkrN_ ¬cb bgÁI Eb:l kERBa©gErgdI >>>.l.¦ ◊ sMPar³bMerIfñal ¬ fg; dI CIr dIxüac;>>>>.l.¦ ◊ karpþl;RKab;BUC ¬RbmUlxøÜnÉg TijBIRbCaCn cMnYnb:unµan RbePTGVIxøH?¦

◊ kMlaMgBlkmµ ¬kmµkrGciéRnþy_ beNþaHGasnñ GñkemIlkarxusRtUvEdl )anbNþúHbNþal>>>.l.¦

2> kmµviFIénkarplit ◊ fñalbNþúHkUneQInImYy²RtUvmankmµviFIbNþúHmYyc,as;las;edayEp¥keTAelI eKaledA

b¤cMnYnplit ¬etIplitRbePTeQIGVI? mancMnYnb:unµan? rebobNaenAeBlNa?¦ nigGaRs½yeTAtamGRtalUtlas;énRbePTnImYy² edayKit cab;BIéf¶bNþúHrhUteTAdl; TMhMedImEdlGacdaM)an .

3> karkt;Rta edIm,IEklMGrkñúgkareFVIEpnkar nig karbNþúHkUneQIeTAGnaKt karkt;RtaénkargarfñalRtUv

EteFVIeGay)anl¥EdlkñúgenaH eyIgKYrkt;RtaeTAelI ³ eQµaHRbePTkUneQI TItaMgRbmUlRKab; éf¶ExRbmUl eQµaHGñkRbmUlRKab; rebob

RbRBwtþkmµ nig éf¶ ExsabRKab; éf¶ Ex EdlkUneQIGacdksÞÚg)an nig eBlevlaEdlRtUvsÞÚgkUn kt;RtaskmµPaBfñalRbcaMéf¶¶ eFVIsareBIP½NÐénkarpÁt;pÁg; dUcCaRKab;BUC fg; ]bkrN_ .l. kt;RtanUvkmµkrEdlmkeFVIkar nig karcMNay kt;RtakarbeBa©jkUneQIykeTAdaM ¬RbePTeQI cMnYn eQµaHGñkyk kUneQI

TItaMgdaMCaedIm >>>.l.¦ 4> tMélénkUneQII ◊ )a:n;sµan nig kMnt;tMélkUneQI ¬fñaM CIKImI RKab;BUC fg; dI CIkMb:usþ_ b¤lamkstV

kMlaMgBlkmµ>>>.l.¦

RbtiTin fñalbNþúHkUneQI skmµPaBkargar Ex ExénqñaM epSg² !! !@ ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( 10 !/eFIVEpnkarfñal¬EpnkarGnu vtþ/eBlevlaénkarplit/kar kt;Rta tMélénkUneQI ¦ @/karbegáItfñal -eRCIserIsTIkEnøg -eFIVBRgagEpnTI -sagsg;fñal¬sMGatTIFøa/P¢ÜrdI eFVIrbg/eFVIrgsMrab;eFIVarnigdak;sM Par³/pøÚvedIr/rgpSaM rgsabnig KMbmøb; ¦ -erobcMRbB½n§TWk #/karlaydI -RbmUldI -dIxSac;niglamkstV -ErgdIniglaydI -RckdIdak;fg; $/RbmUlRKab;BUC -eRCIserIseQIemBUC -RbmUlRKab;BUC -EfrkSaRKab;BUC -eFVItiHRKab;BUC %/sabRKab;BUC -eFIVrgsab b¤rgpSaM -erobrgdak;fg; ^/sÞÚgkUnkñúgfg; -dknigsÞÚgkUneQI -EfrkSakUnsMNab &/karEfTaMkUneQI -eRsacTWknigsMGatesµA -karkat;b¤sb¤bþÚrTItaMgkUneQI -eFVIeGayregVIlénkUneQI

II. karbegáItfñal eKalbMNg³ edIm,IBRgwgCMnajrbs;GñkcUlrYmenAkñúgkarbegáItfñal KMnUsRBag nigkarsagsg; fñal .

karbegáItfñalbNþúHkUneQI 1> kareRCIserIsTItaMg dIrabesµIminlicTwk manpøÚvecjcUlRsYl kEnøgRslHl¥ mankMlaMg BlkmµenAEk,rman

RbPBTwkRKb;RKan; CittMbn;daMeQI nigenACitRbPBdI CI dIxSac; EdlGacRbmUlRckfg;)an . fñalbNþúHkUneQIbeNþaHGasnñ ◊ KMeragdaMduHry³eBlxøI épÞdIdaMduHmanTMhMtUc ◊ cMNayTunTab eRbIR)as;sMPar³efak

fñalbNþúHkUneQIGciéRnþy_ ◊ sMrab;pÁt;pÁg;kUneQIry³eBlEvgnigxøI ◊ manRKb;rcnasm<½n§rbs;fñalFanakareRbIR)as;ry³eBlEvg ¬ eragkmµkr eragCI

kMb:usþ RbBn§½Twk>>>>.l.¦ ◊ sMPar³eRbIR)as;RbkbedayKuNPaB

2> kareFVIEpnTIBRgag ◊ pøÚvKmnaKmn_ ¼ pøÚvlM ◊ TIFøasMrab;eFVIkar ¼ kEnøgTukdI CI>>> ◊ rg ¬rgsab rgsMrab;dak;fg; rgpSaM¦ ◊ pøÚvedIr ◊ eragTuksMPar³ ◊ erag ¼ pÞHkmµkr ¼ bgÁn;Gnam½y ◊ reNþACIkMb:usþ

3> karsagsg;fñal ◊ sMGatTIFøa P¢ÜrdI eFVIrbg eragsMrab;eFVIkar pøÚvedIr eFVIrgsab rgpSaM rgdak;fg;

eFVIRksal b¤KMrbmøb; 3>1 rgdak;fg; rgdak;fg;eFVIeLIgsMrab;karbNþúHkUneQIedaytamry³fg; . rgdak;fg; RtUv)aneFVIeLIgtam

viFIsamBaØ dUcteTA ³ BRgabdIeGay)anesµI nigeFVITMrB½T§CMuvijeGay)ankMBs;BIdI BI10-15s>m

edIm,ITb;fg;kUneQIkMueGaydYl sMPar³sMrab;eFVITMrTb;GaceFViBIbnÞHeQI b¤sSI b¤ \dæ enA)atrgKYrRkalsMBt;ekAs‘U edIm,IkarBarkMueGayRbBn§½b¤scak;ecjBIfg;

cUleTAkñúgdI sMBt;ekAs‘URtUvRkaleGay)anrabesµIeCosvagkMueGaymandk; Twk 3>2- rgpSaM rgpSaMeFIVeLIgsMrab;karbNþúHkUneQI "bare-root seedlings " nig Stumps

"root-shoot cuttings" . rgpSaMGac GaceFVI)antamviFI dUcteTA ³ sMGatTIkEnøgeFVI ehIykab;ykdIRsTab;elIecj TukmYyEpñksin kab;RCYydIRsTab;TIBIr eGay)anCMerABI 20-40 sm kab;RbmUldIenAsgxag BYnelIrgeGay)ankMBs; 15 sm ykdIRsTab;elImklayCamYyCIkMb:usþdak;bEnßmeTAelIrgkñúgkrNI manCIkMb:usþ

CacugeRkayykdIl,ay ¬dIéRB CI dIxSac; ¦ mkdak;bénßmelIrg ehIyBRgabeGayesµIedayeRIbR)as;rnas;

3>3 rgb¤fasab rgsabeFVIeLIgsMrab;bNþúHRKab;EdltUc² dUcCa eRbgxül; Gakasüa CaedIm .

karerobcMrgenHeFVIdUcrgpSaMEdr EtmineRbICIkMb:usþbEnßmeT eRBaHGacmanbBaðadUcCa BBYkpSitekIt eLIgcMeBaHRKab;tUc² .

4> RbB½n§Twk ◊ fñalbeNþaHGasnñ³ eRbIFugsaMgcMNuH200lIRt dak;cenøaHrgkUneQIsMrab;dgeRsac ◊ fñalGciéRnþy_³ eFVIGagsMrab;sþúkTwk sg;[x<s; nigeFVIRbB½n§bgðÚreRsacRsBrgkUneQI

III. karerobcMdI nigkarlaydIsMrab;Rckfg; eKalbMNg³ pþl;nUvBt‘manCak;Esþgdl;GñkcUlrYmGMBIKuNPaBdI karlaydIsMrab;kargarfñal ehIynwg

eFVIeGayBYkeKGacrkSaCICatidIeGay)anl¥RbesIrenAkñúgfñalrbs;BYkeK .

skmµPaBlaydIsMrab;Rckdak;fg;

◊ karRbRBwtþkmµdI¬karRbRBwtþkmµdIedaydutkMedA RbRBwtþkmµedaykMedARBHGaTitü RbRBwtþtam EbbKImI nig eRsacTwkekþA ¦

◊ RbePTdI³ dIéRB ¬>>>¦ b¤dIdMbUk dIxSac; lamkstV b¤CIkMb:usþ ◊ bnÞab;BIlayehIyRtÚvRKbTukdak;kuMeGayRtÚvTwkePøóg .

skmµPaBErgdI ◊ karErgdI³ bnÞab;BIbMEbkdIehIy RtUvErgnwgsMNaj;EdlmanRkLa 10mm x 10mm ykdIdMuecj nigsMram ◊ karlaydI³ dIéRBb¤dIdMbUk 3PaK dIxSac;1PaK lamkstVb¤CIkMb:usþ 1PaK

skmµPaBRckdIdak;fg;

◊ RtUveRCIserIsfg;[)ansmRsbtamRbePTkUneQInigry³eBlTukvakñúgfñal ◊ karRckdIcUlfg;³ RtÚveRbIRbdab;Rck dUcCakMb:ugBuHCacMNit ehIyRckeGayeBj nig

ENnlµm

karGnuvtþn_ -eRbIRmamédedIm,IebIkmat;fg; -kan;fg;kñugsßanPaBebIkmat;edayeRbIRmamédnigcg¥úléd -eRbIédepSgeTotedIm,IRckl,aydIcUlkñúgfg; nig GRgYnfg;tic² -tMerobfg;kñúgrg³ bnÞab;BIRckehIy RtÚvdwkedayreTHruj b¤ yYredayLaMg eQI b¤bgÁI eTAtMerobkñúgrgeGay)anbBaÄrRtg; nig CaCYreGay)anl¥edIm,IeGaykUneQIgaylUtlas; niggayRsYlkñúgkarrab;cMnYn . -eRsacTwkcUlkñúgfg;mYyéf¶munsÞÚgb¤daM RbsinebIfg;xVHdI RtÚvdak;dIbEnßmBIelI

skmµPaBtMerobfg;kñúgrg

IV. karRbmUlRKab;BUC RtÚvkarRKab;BUCl¥=edImeQIeml¥=kUneQIl¥

eKalbMNg³ pþl;smtßPaBdl;GñkcUlrYmnUvBt’manCak;Esþg sMrab;kareFVIEpnkar nig GnuvtþkmµviFI

RbmUlRKab;BUCeGaymanRbsiT§iPaB edIm,IbMeBjtRmÚvkarRKab;BUCRbcaMqñaM. kareFVIEpnkarRbmUlRKab;BUC

-RbePTeQIEdlRtUvRbmUl ¬RbePTeQIGIVxØH?¦ -cMnYnRKab;BUC ¬ b:unµanKILÚRkam?¦ -RbPBRKab;BUC ¬ RbmUlRKab;BIkEnøgNa?¦ -eBlevlaEdlRtUvRbmUlRKab;BUC ¬ etIRtUvRbmUlenAeBlNa?¦

-viFIsaRsþénkarRbmUl ¬ etIRbmUledayrebobNa?¦ kareRCIserIseQIemBUC

-eQIEdlmansuxPaBl¥ KµanCMgW nigKµanstVl¥itbMpøaj -eQIeBjv½y ehIyedImQrRtg;l¥ -eQIEdlkMBuglUtlas;kñúgcMeNameQIEdlmansuxPaBl¥ nigRbePTeQIdUcKña -kt;RtanigeFVIkMNt;sMKal;enAelIEpnTI

minRtUvRbmUlRKab;BUCmkBI >edImeQIEdlduHEtÉg ¬Ékeka¦ >edImeQIEdleGayEpøpáaqab;bMput >edImeQIEdlemIleTAminmansuxPaBl¥

eCosvagkarRbmUlRKab;BUCBI >edImeQIEdlduHmancMnYntic >edImeQIEdlmanlkçN³epNUTIbminl¥kñúgRbePTeQIdUcKña >edImeQIkñúgéRBricril >edImeQIEdlmanTinñplRKab;tic

>edImeQIEdlmanGayuenAekµgeBk b¤ cas;eBk KYrRbmUlRKab;BUCmkBI

>edImeQIya:gehacNas;eGay)an20edImEdlmanTItaMgepSgBIKña >edImeQIEdlmanepNUTIbl¥ >edImeQIEdleGayEpøpáaenAkñúgkMLúgrdUvEpøpáaBitR)akd >edImeQIEdlmanplitplRKab;eRcIn viFIsaRsþénkarRbmUlRKab;BUC >karRbmUlRKab;BUCedayTMuRCuH ¬enAelIdI¦ >karRbmUlRKab;BUCedayGRgYnedIm

>karRbmUlRKab;BUCedayeLIgebHRbmUlRKab;BUC >kareRbI]bkrN_f<k;Taj

karhalnigkarEfrkSaTukRKab;BUC >halsMgYtRKab;BUCedayBnøWRBHGaTitü1-3éf¶eTAtamPaBCak;EsþgénkMritnigdg;suIet

sMeNImenAkñúgRKab;BUCmuneFVIkarTukdak; >BinitüemIltamRbePTRKab;EdlRtUvTukdak;

kareFVItiHRKab;BUC >eFVItiHRKab;BUCenAkEnøgRbmUlRKab;edayRKan;EtcitemIlEpñkxagkñúg ¬kUTIeldug¦ faetI

vaenAl¥¬sac;RKab;enARss;manBN’sb¤ébtgRss;¦ b¤k¾xUcxateTAehIy¬ sac;RKab; rlYyb¤sVit ¦ . >eFVItiHbnÞab;BIRbmUlRKab;BUCmkkEnøgb¤sñak;karvijedayeFVIkarsakl,g bNþúHehIy kt;Rta dMNuHeGay)anRtwmRtÚv .

V. bec©keTsbNþúHkUneQIedayRKab; eKalbMNg³ edIm,IFanadl;GñkcUlrYm eGaymanCMnajcaM)ac;kñúgkareFVIRbRBwtþkmµRKab;BUC kar sabRKab; nig kareRbIR)as; .

karRbRBwtþkmµRKab;BUC ◊ sabedaypÞal; ◊ TwkRtCak; ◊ TwkekþABuH ¬smRsbtamRbePTsMbkrwg¦

karRbRBwtþkmµRKab;BUCedayTwkekþA

◊ kat; b¤ Rcwb b¤ eFVI[kkit ◊ dutePøIgeral

kEnøgEdlRtUvsab nigmUlehtu ◊ manrgsab fassab dak;kñúgfg;pÞal; b¤ kñúgrgpSaM

viFIsaRsþsabRKab;BUC

RKab;tUc ehIyRsal karGnuvtþn__ -)acTwkedIm,IeFVIeGaydIesIm -layRKab;BUCCamYynwgdIxSac;s¶Ütl¥ ¬RKab;BUC1PaK dIxSac;2-3PaK ¦ -dak;RKab;BUClaydIxSac;eTAkñúgkERBa©g ehIyErgeGay)anesµIl¥BIelIrgsab -bnÞab;BIErgRKab;BUC ErgRsTab;xSac;l¥ya:gesþIg¬2-3m>m¦BIelIRKab;BUC -eRsacTwkya:gfñmelIrgsabRKab;BUC edayRbugRbytñ½ edIm,IecosvagkMueGayRKab;xÞatecj BIdI . RKab;BUCmanTMhMmFümeTAxøaMg

karGnuvtþn_ -dak;RKab;pÞal;eTAkñúgfg;)øasÞic b¤ kñúgrgbNþúH -eRsacTwkelIl,aydI edIm,IeGayvaesIm EtminEmneCaKeBkeT -RKbRKab;edaydIl¥ kñúgCMerAesµInigGgát;p©iténRKab; .

karEfrkSa ◊ RKbkMralcMebIug ¼ eRsacTwk ¼ KMrbmøb; edIm,IrkSasMeNImkñúgrgsab b¤

fñalbNþúH .

VI. karsÞÚgkUneQIkñúgfg; eKalbMNg³ pþl;bTBiesaFn_Cak;Esþg dl;GñkcUlrYm enAkñúgkardaM nigsÞÚgkUneQI.

◊ eBlEdlRtUvdksÞÚg¬kUneQImansøwkBI2-3snøwk¦eFVIenAeBlemXRsTuMb¤eBlGakas FatuRtCak; .

viFIdkkUnecjBIrgbNþúHRKab; ◊ eRsacTwkkUneQIelIrgbNþúHeGay)aneCaKmunnwgdk ◊ eRbIcanFMmYyEdlmanTwks¥atsMrab;dak;kUneQI ◊ eRbIsmeQI b¤]bkrN_tUcedIm,IbMpusdI[b£sFUr TajkUneQIfñm² ◊ kan;Kl;kUneQI[ENn kMusgát;F¶n;eBk ◊ kat;tMrwmb£sNaEdlEvgeBknigdak;kUneQIeTAkñúgcanEdlmanTwkRtaM

karsÞÚgkUnkñúgfg;

skmµPaBsÞÚgkUneQI ◊ eRbIkUneQI b¤ sMPar³Rbhak;RbEhl edIm,IeFVIrn§enAkNþalfg; ◊ dak;b£skUneQIcUleTAkñúgrn§edaymineFVIeGayc,t;bJskUneQI ◊ lb;dI sgát;CMuvijKl;kUneQIedayfñm² rYceRsacTwk

kareFVIrgedayeRbIkþar VII. bec©keTsbNþúHkUneQItamsrIragÁ

1>GtßRbeyaCn_ karbNþúHkUneQItamsrIragÁeKGaceFVIeTA)anelIRbePTeQIhUbEpø eQIsMNg; eQIGus eQI sMrab;lMGTIRkug .l. GtßRbeyaCn_rbs;vamandUcteTA³ -rkSa)annUvBUCkMeNIt -qab;)anpþl;pl -gayRsYlkñúgkardwkCBa¢ÚnykeTAdaM -cMeNjeBlevla

2>viFIsaRsþénkarbNþúHkUneQItamsrIragÁ ◊ karbNþúHkUneQIedayEmk ◊ karbNþúHkUneQIedayKl; b¤ sÞMú ◊ karbNúþHkUneQIedaypSaM

2>1 karbNþúHkUneQIedayEmk RbePTeQIxøHGaceFVIkarbNþúHedayEmkdUcCa³ eRbgxül; Gakasüa Fñg; ém:sak;.l. karbNþúHenHeKGaceFVI)anedaykat;EmkeQIEdlmanRbEvgBI 35s>m-45s>m ehIymanBnøkEmk cMnYnBIrya:gticBiIcugEmkRbEvgbI10-15s>m.eKRtÚvdaMkñúgTItaMgepþkbnþiceTAkñúgdIesImRbEvgRbmaN

3PaK4 énRbEvgEmk ehIyminRtUvdaMbRBa©as;EmkeLIy eRBaHbNþaleGaykarlUtlas;EpñkbJs xUcxat .

karbNþúHkUneQIedayEmk

2>2>karbNþúHkUneQIedayKl; b¤sÞMÚ karbNþúHkUneQIedayKl;b¤sÞMú KwRtUveRCIserIskUneQIkñúgfñalEdlmanKl;TMhM RbmaNCa 1-3s>m eTIbGacsÞMú)an. Kl;RtUvmanRbEvgBI 20-25s>m KwRbmaN 80° énbJs nig 20° énKl; ehIymanbnÞat;p©itKl;RbEhlBI 1-3s>m. kardaMsÞMúRtUvdaMbBaÄrRtg;edaybnSl;bJsBIdI RbEvgRbEhl 3-5 s>m .

2>3>kardaMeQIedaypSaM karbNþúHkUneQIedaypSaM eKGaceFVI)anEtRbePTeQIhUbEpøEtb:ueNÑaH .

VIII. karEfTaMkUneQI eKalbMNg³

edIm,IBRgwgCMnajGñkcUlrYmenAkñúgkarEfTaM nig RKb;RKgkUneQInUvRKb;rUbPaB kñúgfñal. ◊ kareRsacTwkkUneQI¬eRsacenAeBlNa cMnYnb:unµan ehIyb:unµandgkñúg1éf¶ RtYtBinitü

emIlsMeNImdIEbbNa ¦ ◊ kareFVIKMrbmøb; CaTUeTAKMrbmøb;eFVIeGayBnøwéf¶cUl)an50°¬eBleRbI eBldkecjmineRbI¦ ◊ eFVIkarsMGatesµAcéRgeGay)aneTogTat; munnwgdkRtÚveRsacTwk ehIydk edayfñm² ◊ pøas;bþÚrTItaMgkUneQIeGay)an2-3dgkñúg1qñaM ehIykat;bJsEdlecjBIfg;. EjkkUn

eQItUc nigkUneQIFMecjBIKñaedIm,I[kUneQItUclUtlas;)anl¥ .

skmµPaBbþÚrTItaMgkUneQI

◊ kareFVIeGaykUneQIrwgmaMCamunenAkñúgfñal vaCakarsMxan;Nas; edIm,IeFVI eGaykarelIk dak; dwkCBa¢ÚnnigkarykkUneQIeTAdaMmanGRtars;x<s;. dUcenH eyIgRtÚv³ - ykKMrbmøb;ecjya:gticeGay)anmYyExmun - fg;kUneQIRtÚveFVIkarpøas;bþÚrTItaMg eGay)anBI 2-3 s)þah_munnwgykeTAdaM ehIy

kat;bJsNaEdlecjBIfg;edayRbugRbytñ½ sarsMxan;énkarkat;bJs • CMrujeGaybJsryagmankarlUtlas; • begáInkarlUtlas;eGay)anesµIKñadl;kUneQI • eFVIeGaykUneQI)anrwgmaMmunnwgdkecjBIfñal karGnuvtþn_ • elIkfg;kUneQIeLIgdkecjBIfñal RbsinebIbJslyecjBI)atfg; RtÚveRbIkaMbit

mut b¤ kéRnþ edIm,Ikat;bJsnImYy²ecj • cMeBaHkUneQIEdllUtlas;elOnCageK RtÚvkat;søwkvaecjxøH • erogral;knøHEx RtÚvelIkkUneQIecjedIm,IkarBarkMueGaybJsduHCab;nwgdI kñúgrg • mYys)þah_mundkkUneQIykeTAdaM KYrkat;bJsCacugeRkay . • kat;bnßykareRsacTwk BI1-2s)þah_ nigbBaÄb;kardak;CIBI 4-6s)aþh_ munnwgyk

eTAdaM . ◊ kareFVIregVIlénkUneQIpSaM ◊ karkat;tMrwmkUneQIEdlFMeBkedIm,I[kUneQItUcmanlT§PaBlUtlas;)an b¤ Tukkñúgfñal

bnþeTot ◊ kardak;CIkUneQI

-bnÞab;BIsÞÚg)an BI4-5s)þah_mk kUneQIRtUvdak;CIkñúgmYys)aþh_dak;CImþg rhUtdl; 7s)þah_ .

-kardak;CIelIkcugeRkay eRbIEtCIEdlman pUsVr½ nig bU:tasüÚm BIeRBaHvanigCYyBRgwg kUneQI .

-brimaNCIEdleRbIRtUvlayTwk ehIysUluysüúgCIenHminRtUveGayeRcInCag 3Rkam kñúgTwkmYylIRt . eRbIFugpáaQUkeRsacenAeBlRBwk nig l¶ac . -eRbICIrYcRtUveRsacTwks¥atelIkUneQIedayeRbITwkya:gtic 2lIRt kñúg1m2 . kardak; CIcugeRkayKYrEtbB©ab;enABIrs)þah_mundkkUneQI .

kalviPaKénkardak;CI kardak;CI Ca K>k NPK kñúgkUneQI1000edIm -elIkTI1 0/5 -elIkTI2 1/0 -elIkTI3 1/5 -elIkTI4 2/0 -elIkTI5 2/0 -elIkTI6 1/0 -elIkTI7 1/0

◊ Gnam½yfñal

-l,aydIRtUvEtRbRBwtþkmµ -eCosvageRbITwkEdlmanemeraKykeTAeRsackUneQI -eCosvageGayesµAcéRgduHkñúgfñalCMrHesµAcéRgb¤esµAéRBkñúgfñalbNþúHdak;bMeBjreNþA -eCosvageGayTwkhUredayesrIkñúgfñalbNþúH -RtUvdkecalnUvkUneQIEdlqøgCMgwedaystVl¥it nig emeraK -kuMTukkUneQIcas;enAkñúgfñalbNþúHkUneQI -sMGatfñalCaeroral;éf¶edayRbmUlsMramkUneQIgab; fg;)øasÞic ehIydut ecal -]bkrN_eRbIR)as;TaMgGs;RtUvsMGat nig rkSaenAkEnøgmYyya:gRtwmRtUv

◊ karBarfñalbNþúH enAeBlxül;xøaMgGacman\T§iBlbMpøajkarlUtlas;rbs;kUneQI dUcCa³ -bJsGacxUcedaykarb:HTgÁicénedImrukçCatiCaBiessenAeBldIesImnigTn; .

-rEhksøwk CaMsøwk nigexøacsøwk eFVIeGaykUneQIbnßysmtßPaBeFVIrsµI sMeyaK nig gaymanCMgwebotebon . -karrMhYtTwkekIneLIg EdlTamTarkareRsacTwkeGay)aneRcIn -eBlePøógFøak;xøaMgk_GacbMpøajkUneQIenAtUcnig hUrnaMdIecjBIfñalbNúþH

◊ stVl¥it nigCMgw RbsinebIeyIgeFVIGnam½yfñaleGay)anRtwmRtUv karkekItmannUvkarbMpøajBI stVl¥it nigemeraKepSg²RtUv)ankat;bnßy müa:geToteyIgGaceRbIfñaMsM lab;stVl¥it nig sMlab;BBYkpSitk¾RtUv)ankat;bnßyEdr.

◊ karkt;Rta karkt;Rta)anRtwmRtUvnigral;éf¶CaRbcaM GacCYyeyIg³ -tamdanRKab;BUCBIkMeNItcMnYnRKab;BUCbNþúH -edIm,I)a:n;tMélplitplkUneQInigkMNt;tMélkUneQIedayBinitüedImTun TaMgGs; -eFVIeGayRbesIrdl;karRKb;RKg nig plitkUneQImanKuNPaB .

IX. kardaMkUneQI 1-kargarEdlRtUverobcMmuneBldwkkUneQIeTAdaM

k- cMeBaHkUneQIbNþúHkñúgfg;pøasÞIk ◊ karkat;b£skUneQIKYrRtUveFVIeLIgenAfñalbNþúHkñúgry³eBlBI 2eTA3s)þah_ munykeTAdaM. RtUvkat; b£sNaEdlduHecjmkeRkAfg;cUleTAkñúgdIedayeRbIkaMbit b¤ kéRnþEdlmut nig edayRbugRby½tñ enAeBlEdlelIkfg;kUneQIeLIg cMeBaHkUneQIEdlbNþúHkñúgfg;yUr eyIgRtUvkat;søwkb¤Emknigb£s rbs;vaecj[)aneRcIn¬kat;RbB½n§b£sEkvEdlduHBt; EkgecjeRkAedIm,I[vaRtg;¦ .

◊ kat;søwknigEmkNaEdlmin)ankarmYyEpñkecjCacaM)ac;. enAeBlkUneQIbgðajnUvsBaØaNNamYyén karsVitRseBanenaHKb,I kat;søwkrbs;vaBI 50°-80°ecjedayeRbIkéRnþ¬RtUvrkSaTukRtYy Bnøkcug bg¥s;[enAdEdl¦ .

◊ minRtUveRsacTwkkUneQImuneBldwkCBa¢ÚnmYyéf¶eLIy ◊ kardwkCBa¢ÚneTAkan;kEnøgdaM Kb,IeFVIenAeBlemXRsTMu ebIkyWt² ehIyrfynþKYrmandMbUl b¤ KMrb tg;b¤és, edIm,IeCosvagkMu[xül;bk;xøaMgeTAelIkUneQI nigEbkdI .

◊ kUneQIEdldwkCBa¢Úndl;kEnøgdaMKYrRtUvTukdak;enAeRkammøb; nig eRsacTwk[)ansmRsbkñúgkrNITukBI 2éf¶eLIgeTA.

x-kUneQIbNþúHkñúgrgpSaM kUneQIEdlbNþúHkñúgrgpSaM manGtßRbeyaCn_kñúgkarkat;bnßytMélénkarplitkUn nig Gacplit kUn)aneRcInsMrab;daMCacMkarFM² nig CYybn§Úrbnßydl;kardwkCBa¢Ún . ◊ KYrRtUvKas;kUneQIecjBIrgpSaMenAeBlemXRsTMu bnÞab;BIeRsacTwkdak;rgrYc ◊ kUneQIEdl)anKas;ecjBIrgpSaM KYrykeTAdak;kñúgTwklayPk; eBalKWdak;enAkñúgreNþAEdl manTwk nigdI ehIyenAeBldwkeTAdaMRtUvdak;enAkñúgfg;biTCit .

◊ RbePTeQIsMNg;mYycMnYnGacRtUv)aneKykeTAdaMedaykat;Kl; ¬edImém:sak;>>>>¦ eBalKW kat;ecjEpñkxagelIedayTukEtRbmaN 10s>mBIKl; nigTukEpñkxagb£sRbmaN 20s>m BIKl;EdlsrubenAsl;TaMgGs;manRbEvg 30s>m. ehIykUneQImYycMnYn ¬edImkn§úMeft>>>¦ GacRtUv)anykeTAdaMedayKl;edImpgEdr eBalKWeBlKas;ecjBIrgpSaM søwknigEmkRtUv)an kat;ecjTukEtcugRtYy ehIyb£sEkvEdlEvgeBk nigb£sEsJmYycMnYnk¾RtUvkat;ecjEdr .

◊ RtUvdwk nig Tukdak;kUneQIenAeRkammøb;muneBlykeTAdaM ◊ RtUvrkSakUneQI[enAesIm nig ykeTAdaM[)anPøam²bnÞab;BIykecjBIfñalbNþúH .

2> karerobcMdI ◊ RtUvdaMedImeQIenAelIdIEdlP¢Ürras;ehIy b¤k¾enAelIépÞdIksidæan ◊ kab;qáarykKuem<atéRBecalenAtamRBMdI 3- KMlatdaM ◊ karkMnt;KMlatdMbUgénedImeQIenAkñúgcMkareQIKWGaRs½yeTAelIeKalbMNgrYméncMkareQI nig RbePTeQIEdlRtUvdaM . CaTUeTAKMlatsMrab;eQIsMNg; ¬4m x 4m¦ nig KMlatsMrab; eQIGus ¬2m x 2m¦ . enAelITICRmal CYredImeQIRtUvrt;tamExSvNÐcenøaHrvagedImeQI

mYyeTAmYy nigcenøaHBICYrmYyeTACYrmYyRtUv)anerobcMeLIgedayeRbIkUneQIvayec,aH b¤ k¾eRbI ExSedaykMnt;ykRbEvgtamEdleyIgRtUvkar .

4> CIkreNþA ◊ TItaMgdaMénreNþAnImYy² KYrRtUv)ansMGatrukçCatiEdlKµanRbeyaCn_ nig éRBKuem<at[)anTMhM

1m x 1m muneBlCIkreNþAdaM . ◊ TMhMreNþAmansar³sMxan;bMput edayykTMhMya:gtic 0.3m x 0.3m x 0.3m

◊ RtUvCIkreNþA[)anl¥edayeRbIcb b¤ Eb:l ◊ RtUvykGacm_dIEdlCIk)anKrEk,rreNþAnImYy²edaydak;RsTab;elImYyEpñknigRsTab;eRkammYy Epñk .

◊ bnÞab;BICIkreNþAdaMehIy KYrdaM[)anqab;eCosvagkMu[dIs¶ÜtreNþATan; 5> kardaM ◊ RtUvCBa¢Ún nigrkSaTukkUneQIeRkammøb;enAtMbn;EdlRtUvdaM¬minRtUvTukkUneQI[RtUvkMedAéf¶yUrenA muneBlykeTAdaM¦ .

◊ GñkdaMRtUvmancb/Eb:lb¤eQIxøImYyEdleRbIR)as;kñúgkarbMEbkdI nigeRbIR)as;sMrab;RbmUlGacm_dI bMeBjeTAkñúgreNþA.

◊ eBldaMRtUvEhkykfg;)øasÞIkecj¬RbmUlfg;ykeTAdutecal¦ ◊ RtUvykdIRsTab;elImklub)atreNþA rYcykkUneQIEdlEhkfg;ecjmkdak;cUlkñúgreNþA [)anfñm²edayykédmçagRT)at ehIyédmçageTotkaydImklub rhUtdl;kUneQImanlMnwg eTIbdkédEdlRT)atecj.

◊ ykdIray² Edl)anmkBIkarCIkreNþAmkdak;bMeBjCMuvijkUneQIEdl)andaM ehIybgÐab; [)anENnl¥ .

◊ RtUvkb;lubKl;énkUneQIeGayesµInwgépÞdI b¤k¾TabCagépÞdIbnþic .

◊ cMeBaHRbePTeQIdaMedayKl;b£s ¬root shoot cuttings¦ b¤edayedImKl; ¬bare root¦

reNþAnImYy²RtUvcak;bMeBjedaydIray² . ◊ bnÞab;mk RtUvkaydIreNþAedayéd b¤cb ehIydaMkUneQIRtwmKl;b£srbs;va . ◊ eRkaymkRtUvykédbgðab;dIEdllubenACMuvijKl;b£senaH ◊ sMxan;bMputKWfa b£srbs;vaRtUvdak;Rtg;eTAkñúgreNþA ehIykUneQIminRtUv)anrujxøaMgeTAkñúgdI ehIybnÞab;mklubdICMuvijKl;[ENnl¥ .

RbsinebIGaceFVIeTA)an KYrykCIkMb:useTAdak;tamreNþAkUneQInImYy²RbmaN 2kg kñúg 1 reNþA edIm,ICYyCMrujkUneQIEdl)andaMdMbUgenaH[mankarlUtlas;)anl¥ .

6> karEfrkSa ◊ RbsinebIGaceFIV)an RtUveRsacTwkelIkUneQI bnÞab;BIdaMehIy ◊ dak;sMram b¤esµACMuvijKl;kUneQIEdl)andaMehIyfµI² eRBaHvaGacpþl;[dInUvmøb; nig kat; bnßykar)at;bg;sMeNIm nigCMruj[mankarlUtlas;)anl¥ .

◊ kUneQIEdl)andaMehIyfµI² KYrRtUv)ankarBarkMu[stVBahn³ cUlbMpøaj ◊ karBarkMu[manePøIgqabeqH ◊ ebIGaceFVI)anRtUveRsacTwk[)aneTogTat; nigeRbICIKImI b¤CIkMb:usþ eRBaHvanwgCYy[manGaRta rs; nig karlUtlas;)anl¥ .

◊ erogral;kardaMkUneQIKYrEteFVIeLIgenArdUvvsSa enAeBlEdldITTYlsMeNImRKb;RKan;edIm,IFana dl;GRtars; nigkarlUtlas;rbs;kUneQI .

X-GMBICI CImanBIrRbePTKW CIsrIragÁ¬CIFmµCati¦ nig GsrIragÁ¬CIKImI¦ .

1-CIGsrIragÁ

CIEdlsMeyaKeLIgeday]sSahkmµEdlmanFatuskmµx<s; . CIGsrIragÁrYmman³ k-CIeTal ³

CIEdlmanFatupSMEt mYymux dUcCa G‘uyer: (N 46%), sUEBpUsaVt (P 20%),

b:UtasüÚmkørY (K 60%)

x-CIsmasminRKb;mux³ CIEdlmanFatupSMEt 2mux dUcCa DAP (18.46.0), 16.20.0

K-CIsmasRKb;mux³

CIEdlmanFatupSM 3mux dUcCa 15.15.15, 17.17.17, 13.13.13, 16.16.8.13S

X-CIlay³ G‘uyer: (N 46%) + DAP (18.46.0)

2-CIsrIragÁ

CIEdlekIteLIgedayFmµCati . CIsrIragÁrYmman ³

CIlamkstV ¬eKa RkbI RCUk man; Rbecov >>.l.¦ CIkMb:usþ CIRss; ¬søwkrukçCati esñar BBYkGMbUrsENþk >>>>>>.l.¦ kaksMNl;pÞH)ay nig kaksMNl;ksikmµ ¬rukçCati stV¦ kaksMNl;cRgáanCIv]sµn½

XI -kareFIVCIkMb:usþ 1-etIkMb:usþCaGIVeTA? enAkñúgFmµCatirukçCatinananigBBYkstVTaMgLayEdl)ansaøb; ehIyRtUv)aneFIVeGayrlYyedaysar

BBYkmIRkUsrIragÁ¬pSit )ak;etrI vIrus nigdgáÚvkñúgdI .l.¦ edaymanCMnYyBITwk BnøÅRBHGaTitü xül; nigeBlevla . dMeNIrkarBukrlYyénsarFatu srIragÁ¬rukçCati nigBBYkstV¦ )ankøayeTACamemaK EdlsMbUreTAedayCIICatiedIm,Ipþl;eGaydMNaM nigrukçCatinanasMrab;karlUtlas; nigpáaEpø.

2-etIGIV)anekIteLIgenAeBleFIVkMb:usþ? kMb:usþKWCakarbMEbkFatuénlkçNHKImI nig lkçNHrUbénsarFatusrIragÁ. kMb:usþbeBa©jCICatiEdl

mandl;rukçCati. stVl¥it pSit nigBBYk)ak;etrI)annaMKñarMlaysarFatusrIragÁkñúgGMLúgeBlénkarbMEbkFatu ¬kareFIVeGayBukrlYy¦ . BYkvasIusarFatusrIragÁmunvakøayCakMb:usþ . BYkvaRtUvkarxül; nig TwkedIm,I eFIVeGaykMb:usþmandMeNIrkarl¥ .

manviFIsaRsþ 2EbbénkarplitkMb:usþKW kMb:usþmanxül; nigkMb:usþKµanxül;. viFIsaRsþkMb:usþKµan xül;pþl;GuksIuEhSntictYcdl;BBYkmIRkUsrIragÁEdl)anrMlaysarFatusrIragÁkñúgKMnrkMb:usþ. cMENkÉviFIsaRsþ kMb:usþmanxül;pþl;GuksIuEhSneRcIndl;BBYkmIRkUsrIragÁ. PaBxusKñad_sMxan;rvagviFIsaRsþTaMgBIrKWeBlevla nigkøinrbs;kMb:usþ. kMb:usþKµanxül;KWrlYyyWtRk)aneRbItamFmµtavaRtUvkareBlevla 9Ex. kMb:usþKµanxül; eRbIkMlaMgBlkmµtic eRBaHreNþARtUv)aneKdak;bMeBjsarFatusrIragÁ RKbnigTukecaledayKµanGñkEfrkSa ]sµ½nEdlmankøinminl¥¬emtannigs<an;Fr½¦ CaerOy²)anekIteLIg . kMb:usþEdlmanxül; GaceRbIkar)an kñúgryHeBld_xøIKW 40éf¶ RbsinebIeyIgERbRtLb;vaya:geTogTat; kMb:usþEdlmanxül;RtUvkarRtYtBinitü eGay)aneTogTat;nUvsItuNðPaBedIm,IFanadl;lkçxNÐ½d_RbesIrsMrab;mIRkUsrIragÁEdlkMBugdMeNIrkar. eyIgnig BiPakSakareFIVkMb:usþEdlmanxül; vaBukrlYyelOnqab;)aneRbI nig GaceCOCak;)an .

dMNak;kalepSgBIKña3Ep¥keTAelIkareFIVeGaymansItuNðPaBekIteLIgkñúgGMLúgeBlénkareFIVkMb:usþ. kMedA)anmkBIkarekIneLIgya:grhs½nUvcMnYnénmIRkUsrIragÁ BYkvaeFIVkarya:gxøaMg nigbgábegáItkUnecAEdlnaM eGaymankMedAdUceBlEdlmnusSeyIgeFIVkar BYkeKekþA eRskTwk nigRtUvkarxül;brisuuT§ nigTwkeRcIn . kareFIVkMb:usþeGay)anl¥KWmanGIV²TaMgGs;;BIkarekIteLIgnUvCMMrkd_RtwmRtUvedIm,IeGaymIRkUsrIragÁGacbgábegáItkUn ecA nig eFIVkarya:gxøaMg¬rMlaysarFatusrIragÁ¦ . enAdMNak;kalTI1 BI24 eTA 48ema:g sIutuNðPaB ekIneLIgdl; 40-50GgSaes EdleFIVeGay)at;bg;Catisár nig sarFatudéTepSgeTot .

enAdMNak;kalTI2 enAeBlEdlsItuNðPaBekInBI 55-65 GgSaes mIRkUsrIragÁdMbUg)angab; ehIyepSgeTot)anERbRbYleTAtamkMedAedIm,Icab;epþImbMEbkrbs;Edl rwgRkrlYy dUcCasac;eQI .l. sItuNðPaBKYreLIgdl;kMritx<s;bMput 70GgSaes ryHeBl 3éf¶ edIm,IkMcat;CMgWrukçCati nig RKab;esµA mineGayduHteTot)an . karrkSasItuNðPaBrvag 55-65 GgSaes tamEtGaceFIVeTA)an KWCavIFIsaRsþ Edlrhs½bMputedIm,IplitkMb:usþeRBaHenHCadMNak;kalenAeBlEdlmIRkÚsrIragÁEdlmansmtßPaBkMBugeFIVkar bMEbkrbs;EdlrwgedIm,IrMlayva . karRtLb;KMnrkMb:usþedIm,IbB©Úalxül;GuksIuEhSn nig FanaeGay)annUv l,ayesµIKañ nig karrkSasMeNImeGay)anBI 40-60 PaKry edIm,IeFIVeGayRbsiT§iPaBénkareFIVCIkMb:usþ manlkçNHd_RbesIrbMput . dMNak;kalcugeRkayEdlkñúgenaH sItuNðPaBenAsl;eRkam 40GgSaes kMb:usþGaceRbIkar)anehIyeRBaH BBYk)ak;etrInigpSitEdlCYykMcat;CMgWrukçCati RBmTaMgBBYkstVCenønk_)an cUlmkenAxagkñúgKMnrkMb:usþpgEdr . kMb:usþEdll¥KYrEtkMb:usþEdl)anBukrlYyl¥ . kMb:usþminTan;BukrlYy l¥GaceFIVeGaydMNaMxUc)anenAeBlEdleyIgeRbIva . kardaMdMNaMCamYynigkMb:usþEdlminTan;BukrlYyl¥Ca erOy²eFIVeGaydMNaMERbCaBN_elOg eRBaHrukçCatiminGacTTYl)anCICatiEdlvaRtUvkar . edIm,IeGaydwg fakMb:usþGaceRbIkar)an dMbUgeyIgRtUvykkMb:usþesImenaHcMnYn 2kþab;dak;eTAkñúgfg;mYy biTmat;fg; TukvaenAkEnøgggwt nig RtCak; . eRkayryHeBl 24em:ag eyIgebIkfg;enaH RbsinebIKµankøin b¤kMedAenAeBlenaHeT )anesckþIfakMb:usþrbs;eyIgGaceRbIkar)anehIy.

3-etIkMb:usþmansarFatuciBa©wmGIVxøHsMrab;dMNaM? CIkMb:usþpþl;eTAeGaydInUvsarFatuciBa©wm 13mux EdldMNaMRtUvkar³

∗ sarFatuciBa©wmEdldMNaMRtUvkareRcInrYmman Gas‘Ut (N), pUsVat (P), b:UtasüÚm (K)

∗ sarFatuciBa©wmEdldMNaMRtUvkarkMritmFümrYmman kal;süÚm(Ca), ma:ej:süÚm(Mg), s<an;Fr½ (S) ∗ sarFatuciBa©wmEdldMNaMRtUvkarkMritTabrYmman Edk(Fe), Tg;Edg(Cu), s½gásI(Zn), kør(Cl), mUlIbEdn(Mo), br(B), m:g;kaENs(Mn).

∗ cMENkÉsarFatuEdlcaM)ac; 3muxeTotrYmman kabUn(C), GIuRdUEhSn(H), nigGuksIuEhSn(O) EdldMNaMGacRsUb)anBITwk nig xül;Gakas.

muuxgarénsarFatuciBa©wmEdldMNaMRtUvkareRcIn nigeraKsBaØaénkgVHCICati

sarFatu muxgar eraKsBaØaénkarxVHCICati Gas‘Ut (N)

bgáInkarlUtlas;dl;dMNaM kar EbkKum<eRcIn CMrujdl;karecj páanigEpøeRcIn CYydl;kardak; RKab;eBjelj

rukçCatiRkinmankarEbkKum<mankMnt; nigRKab;kñúgmYykYrman kMnt;kardak;RKab;min)aneBjelj. søwkEdlcas;CageK tUcxøI Rtg;eLIgelI ehIysøwkmanBN_exovlaylOg. kMnt;cMNaM³ dMNaMTTYlGas‘UteRcInhYsbNþaleGayexov xusRbRktI minFn;nwgCMgW gayrlMdYl nigCaMTwk.

pUsVat (P)

CYyCMrujdl;karlUtlas;énb¤s eFIVeGayedImdgdMNaMrwgmaM kar lUtlas;énpáanigkiþb karbegáIt RKab; nigeFIVeGaydMNaMTMuRsuHKña

rukçCatiRkinmankarEbkKum<mankMnt; søwkEdlcas;CageK tUcxøI Rtg;eLIgelI nigmanBN_exovcas;kxVk; ehIysøwk xøHBN_RkhmeTACaBN_sVay. dMNaMdak;RKab;min)an eBjelj.

b:Utas (K)

begáIteGaymanPaBFn;nwgCMgW ktþacéRg dUcenHrukçCatimansux PaBl¥Fn;nwgkarrlMdYl begáIn TMhMnigTMgn;RKab; Catisár

TMgn;RKab;nigTMhMénRKab;fycuH kardak;RKab;min)aneBj elj søwkEdlcas;CageKcab;epþImBIcugénsøwkERbBN_ BIelOgeTABN_etñatRsal.

4-plRbeyaCn_énCIkMb:usþ³ ∗ CYyEklMGrcnasm<n§½dIeGaymanCICatikan;EtRbesIreLIg ∗ pþl;;sarFatuciBa©wm¬CICati¦tamtMrUvkarrbs;dMNaM nigrukçCatinana ∗ eFIVeGaydICb;Twk)anl¥elIsmun6dg sMrab;pþl;eGayrukçCatiCabeNþIr² ∗ CYyeFIVeGaydIFUrmanxül;ecjjcUl)anl¥ nig eFIVeGayrukçCatigayRsYlkñúgkarcak;b¤sGac RsUbykTwk nigCICati)anl¥.

∗ CYysMrYldl; eb:has;rbs;dI eGay)ansmRsb ¬kMueGayCUreBk nigkMe)areBk¦ ∗ CYykarBardIkMueGayhUreRcaHedaysarTwkePøóg

5-sMParHsMrab;eFIVCIkMb:usþ 5>1>sMParHeRbIR)as;

∗ RTugeFIVGMBIeQI b¤bJsSIsMrab;dak;CIkMb:usþ ∗ reTHeKadwkCBa¢Ún b¤ reTHruj ∗ lYssMNaj; ∗ cb Eb:l sm nigbgÁI ∗ kaMbiT pÁak; BUefA ∗ LaMgTwk b¤ FugTwk ∗ begÁalbJsSI nigbegÁaleQI ∗ ExSsMrab;cg

5>2>sarFatusrIragÁ

∗ vtßúFatuRss; {ébtg} manCatiGas‘UteRcIn³ • TRnÞagExRt kMe)øak esñar esµARss;.l. • kaksMNl;ksikmµRss;²man bEnø eBat sENþknigEpøeQI .l.

∗ vtßúFatus¶Üt manCatikae)aneRcIn³ • søwkeQI cMebuIg kMe)øak nigesµAs¶Üt.l. • kMeTcGacm_rNa Ggáam • sMbksENþk)ay nigsENþkdI

∗ lamkstVRKb;RbePTman eKa RkbI RCUk.l.

6-karerobcMeFIVCIkMb:usþþ kareFVICIkMb:usþmaneRcInrebobdUcteTA ³ 6>1>rebobeFIVCIkMb:usþelIdIrabesµI ∗ CMhanTI1³ RbmUlpþMúenAvtßúEdlRtUveFIVCIkMb:usþ ykecjnUvvtßú NaEdlminrlYydUcCa sMbkkMb:ug fg)øasÞIk Edk GMEbgEkv .l.

∗ CMhanTI2³ eRCIserIsdIsMrab;eFIVCIkMb:usþ dITYlrabesµIenAEk,r RbPBTwkEdlGacdgeRsac KMnrCI)angayRsYl.

∗ CMhanTI3³ e)aHbegÁalbJsSIedaykMNt;yképÞdITMhM2m x 6m sMrab;KMnrkMb:usþrbs;Gñk.

∗ CMhanTI4³ KrsøwkeQI edImeBat cMebIug>>> CaKMnrkMBs; 14s>m rkSakMb:usþeGaymanxül; ecjcUll¥ kMuhab;eBk.

∗ CMhanTI5³ RkallamkstV 5s>m BIelIKMnrkMb:usþenaH.

∗ CMhanTI6³ RkalepHkMBs; 2s>m BIelIRsTab;lamkstVenaH.

∗ CMhanTI7³ eFIVsareLIgvijdUckñúgCMhan TI4/5/6 rhUtdl;kMb:usþmankMBs; 1m eTA 1/5m

∗ CMhanTI8³ eRsacTwkBIelIKMnrkMb:usþedIm,IrkSaKMnrkMb:usþeGayesIm.

∗ CMhanTI9³ bnÞab;BI 3GaTitüRtUvERbRtLb;KMnrkMb:usþsarCafµI edayykRsTab;xagelIdak;eTA xageRkam nigykRsTab;xageRkammkdak;xagelIvij.

∗ CMhanTI10³ ryHeBl 5 GaTitüeRkaymkRtUvRtlb;KMnrkMb:usþenHmþgeTot . RtLb;RsTab; TaMgenaHdak;kñúgsßanPaBedImvij nig TukeGayKMnrkMb:usþvarlYykñúgryHeBl 4GaTitüxagmux eTot.

ktþa 4ya:gEdlnaMeGaykareFIVkMb:usþTTYl)aneCaKCy½³ ◊ FatusrIragÁ ³ pleFobrevogkae)an nigGas‘Ut 25³1 ◊ xül; ³ RtUvmanxül;ecjcUlenAkñúgKMnrkMb:usþCanic© ◊ sMeNIm ³ sMeNImenAkñúgKMnrkMb:usþRtUvkarRKb;RKan; 40-60% ◊ sItuNðPaB ³ sItuNðPaBkñúgKMnrEdlRtwmRtUvl¥KW 70GgSaes

RkvilTMBk;

6>2>rebobeFIVCIkMb:usþkñúgRTug³ k-kareFIVCIkMb:usþkñúgRTugman 2RbePTKW³

◊ RTugeFIVGMBIeQI b¤ bJsSI³ ykbnÞHeQI b¤bnÞabJsSIb:un2Fñab; vayCapÞaMgXøatBIKñamYyFñab;éd eGay)anTMhM 1Em:RtbYnRCug cMnYn4pÞaMg edIm,IpÁMúKñabegáIt)anCaRTug.

◊ RTugeFIVGMBIeQI RTugeFIVBIEdklYssMNaj;³ TijlYssMNaj;RkLa 3h‘un 1pÞaMgRbEvg 3Em:Rt TTwg1Em:Rt edayvayeQIKabtam

TTwglYssMNaj; nigmanTMBk;Rkvil sMrab; f<k; eBleyIgelIkbBaÆrCargVg;mUl.

1m

1m

x-vtßúFatupSM³ ◊ vtßúFatus¶Ütman cMebIug esµAs¶Üt sMMbksENþk>>>>>>>>>>>.l. ◊ vtßúFatuRss;man kMe)øak esñar TRnÞagExRt søwkeQI>>>>>.l. ◊ lamkstV lamkeKa RkbI RCUk man;>>>>>>>>>>>>>.l.

K-dMeNIrkareFIVCIkMb:usþ³ ◊ bMpusdIenARtg;kEnøgdak;RTugkMb:usþ ◊ pÁMúbnÞHeQIb¤bJsSITaMg 4pÞaMgeGayekItCaRTugkMb:usþmYy ◊ edatbegÁalb:unkMPYnédcMkNþalRTug ◊ erobbBa©ÚlKMnrkMb:usþtamRsTab;nImYy²

• vtßúFatus¶ÜtciRBa©MaeGayl¥it kMBs; 25s>m • vtßúFatuRss;ciRBa©MaeGayl¥it kMBs; 10s>m • lamkstV kMBs; 5s>m

◊ eFIVdUcenHTal;EteBjRTug ehIyeRsacTwkeGay)aneCaKlµmeBldak;FatupSMnImYy² ◊ dkbegÁalEdledatcMkNþalecj eGayxül;ecjcUlbegáItCakMedA ◊ yksøwketñat kenÞlcas;² RKbBIelIedIm,IkarBarePøóg nigkMedAéf¶

X-karkayRtLb;kMb:usþ ◊ eBlerobcMKMnrkMb:usþ)anryHeBl 10éf¶eRkaymk RtUvkayRtLb;vaedIm,IeGayvamankMedA nigqab; rlYy.

◊ bMpusdIkEnøgfµIenAEk,rRTugkMb:usþcas; ◊ RsaycMNg b¤edaHTMBk;RTugcas;edIm,IykmktMelIgenAkEnøgfµInigedatbegÁalcMkNþalRTugdUcmun. ◊ eRbIEb:l sm cUkmYyRsTab;mþg²ykmkdak;cUlkñúgRTugfµItamlMdab;lMedaytamRsTab;nImYy²BI lIcuHeRkam.

◊ ryHeBl 3éf¶eRkayBIkarkayRtLb;elIkTI1 RtUvcab; kayRtLb;elIkTI2. karkayRtLb;RtUv eFIVkñúgryHeBl 3éf¶mþg rhUtdl;ryHeBl1Ex CIkMb:usþnigGacykmkeRbIkar)an.

g-dMeNaHRsayBICIkMb:usþ

bBaað mUllehtú dMeNaHRsay -CIkMb:usþFMkøin]sµn½ -Gam:Ujak;eqH -kMb:usþmineLIgkMedA

-sMbUrCatiGas‘UteRcIneBk -xVHGuksIuEhSn -Gas‘UtminRKb;RKan; -esImRCuleBk -s¶ÜtRCuleBk -CatiGasIuteRcInRCul

-bEnßmkMeTcGacm_rNa b¤vtßþFatus¶ÜtepSg² -kayRtLb;eGay)anjwkjab;edIm,IeGay -xül;GuksIuEsnecjcUl)an -bEnßmCIlamkstV -bEnßmGacm_rNa -bEnßmTwkenAeBlkay RtLb;kMb:usþ -bEnßmkMe)arenAeBlkay RtLb;

XII-dMNaMMeQIhUbEpø dMNaMeQIhUbEpø KWCadMNaMmYyRbePTEdlpþl;EpøCacMNIGaharsMrab;mnusS nig stVRKb; RbePT. eRkABIenH mnusSeyIgGacrkplRbeyaCn_BIdMNaMeQIhUbEpøenHedayebHykEpørbs;vaBIkñúg éRBFmµCati b¤ cMkareQIhUbEpøEdl)andaMedIm,IykmkbriePaK nig rkR)ak;cMNUlsMrab;RKYsar)an yUrGEgVgeTotpg.

1-plRbeyaCn_éndMNaMeQIhUbEpø dMNaMeQIhUbEpøpþl;Epø møb; Gusdut Epørbs;vapþl;rs;Catiq¶aj; nignaMeGayeyIgmansuxPaBl¥ GacrkR)ak;cMNUl)aneRcIn tamtMrUvkarTIpSar pþl;esaPN½PaBRss;bMRBg enACMuvijpÞH ksidæan.l.

2-rdUvkalénkardaMduH edImrdUvePøóg KWcab;BIEx mifuna nigExkkáda enAcugrdUvePøóg KWcab;BIEx tula nigEx vicäika

3-kareRCIserIsTIkEnøgdaM dImanCICati dIx<s;minlicTwk nigmanBnøWRKb;RKan; kEnøgmanRbPBTwksMrab;eRsacRsBRKb;RKan;rhUtdl;rdUvR)aMg kEnøgsmRsbeTAnwgRbePTdMNaMEdlRtUvdaM TIkEnøgEdlenACitpøÚvGacecjcUlgayRsYldl;kardwkCBa¢Ún

4-karerobcMdIsMrab;eFIVcMkar 4-1-karerobcMbøg;

karerobcMbøg;cMkareQIhUbEpø eyIgRtUvKitKUreGay)anc,as;las;GMBITItaMgsMrab;CIkRsHerag bNþúHkUneQI eragCIkMb:usþ RbBn§½eRsacRsB pøÚv nig RbBn§½daMduH.l.

4-2-karerobcMrbgkarBardMNaM kareFIVrbgeGay)anCitl¥GackarBarstVBahnHcUlmkbMpøicbMpøajdMNaMrbs;eyIg)an .

rbgGaceFIVGMBI begÁaleQI b¤k_begÁalsIum:g_edayh‘MuBT§½lYsbnøa b¤r)aCMuvijrbgkarBareTAtam lT§PaBrbs;m©as;cMkar . 4-3-karerobcMRbBn§½eRsacRsB

karerobcMRbBn§½eRsacRsB KWCakargarmYycaM)ac;edIm,IFanadl;karbeBa©j bBa©ÚlTwksMrab;kareRsac RsBdMNaMeGaylUtlas;)anl¥ . karerobcMRbBn§½eRsacRsBenHrYmman RbLayTwk RsH GNþÚg .l. 4-4-karerobcMRbBn§½daMduH

k-karerobcMrg RtUvBinitüemIlCak;EsþgeTAtamsßanPaBdI ³

dIlicTwk ³ RtUvCIkCaRbLay dIEdl)anmkBIRbLayRtUvpÁMúeGay)aneTACargx<s;putBITwk . dIminlicTwk³ eyIgmin)ac;CIkRbLay b¤elIkrgk_)anEdr GaRsy½eTAlT§PaBTunrbs;m©as;.

x-KMlatdaM³ vaGaRsy½eTAtamRbePTéndMNaM . sMrab;dMNaM sVay xñúr dUg KUeln FUern Gacman cenøaHKum< nigcenøaHCYr³

8m x 8m x 8m 10m x 10m x 10m

sMrab;dMNaM RkUc lµút sVaycnÞI Gacman cenøaHKum< nigcenøaHCYr³ 5m x 5m x 5m 6m x 6m x 6m

sMrab;dMNaM eck lðúg eTob RtEbk Gacman cenøaHKum< nigcenøaHCYr³ 3m x 3m x 3m

K-karerobcMreNþA munnwgeFIVkardaMduHRtUverobcMP¢Ürras;dIeGay)anl¥Camunsin bnÞab;mkRtÚveFIVkarvas;EvgcenøaHKum< nig

cenøaHCYrsMrab;CIkreNþAeTAtamRbePTBUCdMNaMeQIhUbEpøEdleyIgRtUvdaM. TMhMreNþAEdlRtUvCIkman³ 1m x 1m x 1m 0/75m x 0/75m x 0/75m 0/50m x 0/50m x 0/50m

rebobCIkreNþA RtUvCIkykdIRsTab;elICMerA 30s>m dak;mkmat;reNþAmçag ehIyCIkykdIRsTab;eRkameTAdak;enAmat;reNþAmçageTot.

enA)atreNþARtUvdak; cMebIg kRnÞagExRt kMras; 25s>m dak;dIEdllayCamYyCIkMb:usþ b¤lamkstV CIKImI kMras; 10s>m BUndIreNþAeGayx<s;CagdIFmµta BI 20 eTA 30s>m

5-kareRCIserIsBUC BUCEdlmanKuNPaBl¥ edImeføasehIyrwgmaM GacduHlUtlas;)anenAtMbn;EdleyIgcg;daM BUCEdlKµanCMgW Fn;RTaMnwgstVli¥tbMpøaj BUCEdlpþl;Tinñplx<s; CaRbePTBUCeBjniymenATIpSar

6-rebobdaM munnwgcab;epþImdaM eyIgykkUneQIhUbEpøEdl)anmkBIkarbMe)AEmk sakEmk b¤k_bNþúHenAkñúgfg;)øasIÞk

ykmkdak;enAkñúgreNþAEdleyIg)aneRtomCaeRsc CMerA 20s>m . bnÞab;mkeyIgykkUnkaMbiTmkvHfg;)øasÞIk rYcelIkkUneQIdak;fñm²cMkNþalénreNþA édmçagTb;kUneQIeGayRtg; édmçageTotkaydIlb; rYcsgát;dICMuvijkUn

eQIenaHeGayENnlµm ykb¤sSImke)aHeGayragbBaÆitbnþic ehIycg;P¢ab;eTAnigkUneQIedIm,IkarBarxül; . yk cMebIg b¤kRnÞagExRtmkRKbEk,rKl;CMuvij ehIyeRsacTwkeGay)aneCaKCaMCakareRsc . cMNaM³ - cMeBaHkUneQIEdl)anmkBIkarbMe)AEmk hamlb;dIlicmuxdMNrMusÁt; eRBaHGaceGaykUneQIgab;

- hamyksMrammkRKbpÞal;nigKl;EdlGaceFIVeGaymanCMgW kMedAnaMeGaykUneQIxUc b¤gab;)an 7-karRKb;RKgcMkar

k-kareRsacRsB³ cMeBaHkUneQIEdleTIbdaMrYc RtUveRsacTwkeGay)aneTogTat;Caerogral;éf¶ . eQIhUbEpøEdlRtUvkarTwkeRcIn

sMrab;eRsacRsBKWenAdMNak;kalecjpáa nigEpø edaysarkMriténkardkdegðImrbs;vax<s; enAkñúgdMNak;kalenH. kgVHxatTwknaMeGaykareFIVrsµIsMeyaKrbs;vanigRtUvp¥ak EdlGacbNþaleGaypáa nigEpønwgRtUvRCuH . dUecñHenA dMNak;kalecjpáa nigEpødMbUg kareRsacRsBRtUveGay)anRKb;RKan; . x-karkMcat;esµA RtUvkMcat;esµAeGay)anjwkjab;edIm,IkMueGayvarMxan nig deNþImCIBIdMNaM. müa:geTotesµAk¾CaCMrkrbs;stVl¥it nig CMgWEdr . eKGackMcat;esµAedaydknigéd eRbIcb kab;nwgkaMbiT P¢Ürlub daMdMNaMcMruH daMdMNaMRKbdI b¤RKbdICMuvijEk,rKl;dMNaMCamYycMebIug esµAEdlCMrHb¤ søwkkRnÞagExRt . viFIsaRsþRKbKl;dMNaMenHminRtwmEtGac kMcat;esµAb:ueNÑaHeT vak_GacrkSasMeNImpgEdr.

K-kardak;CI CImansarHsMxan;Nas;cMeBaHdMNaMTaMgkarlUtlas; páa nigEpø . kardak;CIFmµCati nig CIKImIelIdMNaM eQIhUbEpø vaGaRsy½eTAtamRbePTdI GayukaléndMNaMeQIhUbEpø nigCICatidI . kMritCIEdlKYreRbIsMrab;dMNaM eQIhUbEpømanenAkñúgtaragdUcxageRkam³

kardak;CIeTAtamGayukaléndMNaMeQIhUbEpø

qñaM pUsV½r0>3 kg ¬0>20>0¦ bUtasüÚm0>3 kg ¬0>0>60¦ nIRtUEsn 0>3 kg ¬46>0>0¦ 1 KImI 0/11kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/11kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/11kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg 2 KImI 0/33kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/33kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/33kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg 3 KImI 0/5kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/5kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg KImI 0/5kg + kMb:usþ 13 kg 4 KImI 0/67kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 0/67kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 0/67kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg 5 KImI 0/83kg + kMb:us 30 kg KIm 0/83kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 0/83kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg 6 KImI 1/0kg + kMb:usþ 30kg KImI 1/0kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 1/0kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg

7 KIm 1/17kg + kMb:usþ30 kg KImI1/17kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI1/17kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg 8 KImI 1/33kg + kMb:usþ30 kg KImI1/33kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI1/33kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg 9 KImI 1/5 kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 1/5 kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 1/5 kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg 10 KImI1/67 kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 1/67kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg KImI 1/67 kg + kMb:usþ 30 kg

cMeBaHkUneQIhUbEpøEdlmanGayuBI 1eTA3qñaM eBlevladak;CIKWman 3elIk³

- eBledImrdUvePøóg - eRkayrdUvePøóg - eRkayrdUvRbmUlpl

cMeBaHeQIhUbEpøEdl)anpþl;EpøehIy manGayuBI 4eTA10qñaM eBlevladak;CIman 3elIk³ - eRkayeBlRbmUlpl - dMNak;kalecjpáa - dMNak;kalEpø

rebobénkardak;CI dMbUgRtUvkab;dIEqVlCMuvijRtwmcugsøwkdMNaMeQIhUbEpøCMerA 20s>m bnÞab;mkdak;CIeTAtam kMritEdl)ankMnt;enAkñúgtaragxagelI tameBlevla nigGayukaléndMNaMeQIhUbEpø . eBldak;CIrYcehIyRtUvlub dIeGayCit ehIyykcMebIgb¤kRnÞagExRtmkRKbCMuvijEk,rKl;rYceRsacTwkeGay)aneCaK .

X-karkat;EtgEmk karkat;EtgEmkman\T§iBlya:gxøaMgelIkarlUtlas; karecjpáa nigEpø .

ehtuGIVkarkat;EtgEmkmanRbeyaCn_ ³ karkat;EtgEmkKWykecjnUvEmkEdlceg¥ót nigKµansuxPaBl¥ ehIyKYrEteFIVenAeBlkUneQIenAtUc.

karkat;EtgEmkeFIVeGayrwgmaMdl;RTg;RTayrbs;edImeQI edImeQIRtUvkarRTg;RTayEdll¥edIm,IgayRsYldl;karRbmUlpl kar)aj;fñaMnigkargarepSgeTot karkat;EtgEmkCMrujeGaymanEpøesµIKñaRKb;Emk karkat;EtgEmkCMrujeGaymanEpøeRcIn EpøFM nig rs;Catiq¶aj;

CaTUeTA eKalbMNgénkarkat;EtgEmkKWedIm,IykecjEmkEdlgab; EmkEdlmanCMgW EmkEdlxUcnigEmk EdlKµanRbeyaCn_ ¬EmkKgelIKña EmkGMBg EmkkkitKña EmktUc .l.¦.

8-karBRgIkBUC karBRgIkBUCmanlkçNHeRcInya:gtamryH karbNþúHkUn karsak karbMe)A rebobtkUn rebob tRtYy

rebobP¢ab;EPñk .l. k-vIFIsak

RtUveRCIserIsykEmktUclµm ¬minRtUverIsykEmkGMBgeT¦ bnÞab;mklak;BIrkEnøgmincMfñaMgXøatBIKñaRbEvg 2/5s>m rYcyksMbkecj ekasykCr½rMGilecjeGayGs;edayekasBIelIcuHmkeRkam bnÞab;mkeTotykGkmUn

mklabEpñkxagelI rYcehIyyksøwkeckmkrMukEnøglak;edIm,IkarBarkMueGayRtYvkMedAéf¶xøaMgeBk ehIyTukryHeBl 7éf¶ sñamlak;nwgepþImecjduMBk rYceyIgykfg;RskIdUgEdl)aneRtomCaeRscmkBuH ehIyEhkbBa©ÚleTAkEnøglak; edaycgcugxagelIeGayCab; rYccgcugxageRkam nigcgkNþal eGaytwgENnl¥ . ryHeBl 1eTA2Ex bJs cab;epþImduH eyIgTukeGaybJsmansPaBBN_etñateTIb eyIgkat;ykmkpSaM.

x-vIFIbMe)A eRkayeBldMNaMeQIhUbEpøRtUv)andaMcab;BI 2-3 qñaMeLIgeTA eyIgGacBRgIkBUCtamryHkarbMe)A Emk

edayRKan;EtdkykkUnEdl)anbNþúHrYc manTMhMedImb:uncgáwHeTAlagTwkeGays¥atykmkkat;bJsecj eGay)anl¥ TukEtbJsEkveGayenARbEvg 5-7/5s>m. ykGkmk ( Seradix) mklayTwkFmµtaeGayxab;ehIyRtaMryHeBlBI 5-15naTI rYcTukkñúgmøb;eGays¶Üt eTIbeyIgdak;cUleTAkñúgfg;RskIdUg TMhM 10s>mx15s>m edayjat;eGay ENnl¥ rYccgEpñkxagmat;fg;eGayCab;karBarkMueGayTwkRCabcUl)an ebIminsUvENneTcgcMBak;kNaþalfg;RskI eTot . RtUvcitedImKl; (rootstock) ragbBaÆit RbEvg 4-5 s>m ehIyeRCIserIsEmkBUCl¥b:unRmamédrYccit sMbkBIxagKl;eTAxagcugbBaÆitcUleTAdl;sac;eQI RbEvg 4-5s>m yksMbkecjedayTukGNþatbnþic . naMykedImKl;Edl)anerobcMeTAesotkñúgmuxdMNab;rbs;EmkBUCeGaysac;sMbkRtUvKñalµm ebIEmkFMCagedImKl;RtUvdak; eGaysac;sMbkRtUvKñaEt mçag)anehIy rYcrMusÁt;BIelIcuHmkeRkamxagKl;EmkeGayENnTukCakareRsc . ryHeBl 1Ex eTA 1ExknøH eyIgGackat;ykmkpSaM)anehIy. munnigkat;pSaMRtUvlak;eRkammuxdMNab;bMe)ARbEhl 2s>m TukryHeBl 7éf¶ eTIbkat;ykeTApSaM . eRkayeBlkat; RtUvykeTATMlak;kñúgTwk knøHem:ag eTA 1em:ag eTIbykeTAdak;kñúgfg;pSaM Tukkñúgmøb;ryHeBl 2GaTitü rYcbeBa¢jvamkfñal.

K-rebobtRtYy eKeRcIndaMNaMeQIhUbEpøBUCkñúgRsukEdlEpøminsUvq¶aj; minsUvmantMél b:uEnþvamankarFn;RTaMeTAnigGakas

FaturaMgs¶Üt TwkCMnn; nigCMgW .l. viFIsaRsþenHeKeRcInGnuvtþenAedImrdUvePøog nig cugrdUvePøóg . CadMbUgRtUv ykRtYyBUCl¥¬CitecjBnøk¦man RbEvg 10-15s>m ehIycitbBaÆitRbEvg 4s>m . bnÞab;mkcitsMbkedIm BIxagcugcuHeTAxageRkambBaÆitcUleTAdl;sac;eQIRbEvg 4s>m¬edImEdlRtUvesotRtYyBUC¦ yksMbkecjedayTuk GNþatbnþic . naMykRtYyEdl)anerobcMCaeRsceTAesotkñúgmuxdMNab;rbs;edImeGaysac;sMbkRtUvKñalµm ebI edImFMCagRtYyBUCRtUvdak;eGaysac;sMbkRtUvKñaEtmçag)anehIy rYcrMusÁt;BIeRkameLIgeTAelIrhUtlic)at;cugRtYyBUCedIm,I rkSasMeNIm . ryHeBl 3 eTA 4 GaTitü ebIRtYyenARss;l¥ eyIgRtUvRsaysát;ecjBIcugRtYybnþicedIm,I eGayBnøkRtYyduHecjmk)an . bnaÞb;mkRtUvykcugkaMbiTqUtsÁt;rMuxageRkambnþickarBarkMueGayTwkdk;GacrlYycug RtYy . enAeBlcugRtYyBUCl¥duHecjsnøwkehIy eyIgRtUvkat;Emk b¤ edImcas;ecalecj eFIVya:gNaeGayRtYy BUCduH)anl¥ .

X-rebobBuHbBa©ÚlRtYy

eyIgRtUvkat;Emk b¤ edImBUCminl¥ecj rYcBuHcMBIelIRbEvg 3-4s>m ehIyykRtYyBUCl¥mkcitbBaÆit sgçag 3-4s>m rYcs‘kcUleTAkñúgEmkb¤edImEdleyIg)anBuHenaH ebIWEmkb¤edImFMCagRtUvBüayameGaysMbkRtUvKñaEt maçg)anehIy rYcrMusÁt;BIeRkameLIgelIeGayENnRtg;muxtMNBuH . cMeBaHcugBUCl¥RtUvykfg;)øasÞIkmkRckBIelIrYccg eGayCab; . ryHeBl 3-4GaTitü eyIgRsayfg;)øasÞIkecj ebIRtYyenARss;)anesckþIfa vaCab;muxtMNehIy rvag 5 GaTitü RtYycab;epþImduHecjmk . ryHeBl 4-5Ex eTIbruHsÁt;rMuenaHecj .

g-rebobP¢ab;EPñk dMbUgRtUvvHedImBIelIcuHmkeRkamtambeNþayénedImRbEvg 2-3 s>m ehIyBüayamqáwHsMbkecj rYcRtUv

bITeTAvijCabnÞan;kMueGayvas¶Ütmux . citsMbkEPñkBIEmkEdl)aneRtomTukCaeRsc RbEvg 2-3s>m bksac;eQI BIsMbkEPñkecjedaymineGaysMbkEPñkCaMb¤RbLak; eRBaHGacnaMeGayminCab;Kña)an . bnÞab;mk eyIgbegðIbsMbk edImtmkkat;ecj 2¼3 rYcykEPñkBUCl¥TMhMtUcCagbnþicmkesotkñúgsñambegðIb eTIbsgát;eGaysac;sMbkCit Kña)anl¥ eTIbrMusÁt;BIeRkameLIgeTAelIeGayCitTaMgGs; . RtUvRKbkarBarBnøÅéf¶kEnøgEdlP¢ab;EPñkenaH .

ryHeBl 3-4 GaTitü ebIBinitüeXIjfaEPñkenAmanBN_ébtg;Rss; eyIgsnµt;favaCab;KñaehIy eyIgRtUv qáwHsÁt;Rtg;kEnøgEPñkbnþicedIm,IeGayBnøkRtYyduHecjmk)an . ryHeBl 5-6GaTitü RtYyduHlUtlas;l¥ ehIyRtUv kat;Emk b¤ edImcas;enaHecalecj.

XIII-viFIsaRsþkñúgkarkMcat;ktþacéRgelIdMNaM CaTUeTABImYyqñaMeTAmYyqñaM kardaMduHEtgEtCYbRbTHnigkarbMpøajBIstVl¥itcéRg ehIykarrat

t,atecHEtekIneLIgCalMdab;. dUecñHedIm,IkarBarstVl¥itcéRgTaMgenH eKGaceRbImeFüa)ayTb;Tl;tam viFIsaRsþmYycMnYndUcxageRkam³

1-karkMcat;edayeRbIGnÞak;ePøIg eRbIGnÞak;ePøIgBN_exovedIm,ITak;Taj nigkMcat; emGMe)AdgáÚvecaHEpø BBYkmmacetñat nigstVl¥it

céRgepSgeTot>>>.l. 2-karkMcat;edaycab;nigéd karkMcat;edaycab;nigédGacmanRbsiT§iPaBEtenAelIépÞdItUc nigcMeBaHRbePTstVl¥itEdlgayRsYl

kñúgkarcab;dUcCa³ dgáÚveyaleTag dgáÚvRsavExS dgáÚv)ak;xñg dgáÚvkat;edIm>>>>>.l. karcab;edayédBMu Gaccab;Gs;eTKWRKan;EtbnßycMnYnstVl¥it)anmYycMnYnEtb:ueNÑaH.

3-karkMcat;tamrebobdaMduH RtUvP¢ÜrhaldI kb;edImcas;ecal kMcat;kaksMNl;eRkayeBlRbmUlplrYc bM)at;CMrkstVl¥it

daMduHeGay)ansmRsbeTAtamrdUvkalk¾Caktþaénkarkat;bnßykarsIubMpøajrbs;stVl¥itEdr . müa:geTot kareRCIserIsBUCEdlFn;RTaM nigstVl¥itb¤karpøas;bþÚrmuxdMMNaMk¾Gacbnßykarratt,atBIstVl¥itcéRgEdr.

4-karkMcat;tamrebobCIvsaRsþ enARbeTsksikmµeCOnelOn eKkMcat;stVl¥itcéRgedayeRbIrebobCIvsaRsþ. karkMcat;tamrebob

enHmineFIVVeGayb:HBal;dl;suxPaB mnusS stV. stVmYycMnYnmanRbeyaCn_Nas;ehIyGacCYybMpøaj stVl¥itcéRgeTotpgdUcCa³ cab kEgáb bgáÜy Bs; stVrMBa )a:ra:sIut>>>>>.l.

5- karkMcat;edayeRbIfñaMBul 5-1-fñaMBulpSMBIrukçCati

ehtuGIV)anCaRtUveRbIfñaMBulpSMBIrukçCati ? kareRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµkñúgkMritx<s; nigryHeBld_yUrGEgVgeFVIeGayman\T§iBlminl¥eTAelIsuxPaB

rbs;;ksikrEdlCaGñkplit nigeTAelIGñkbriePaKplitplTaMgenaH.minEtb:ueNÑaHfñaMBulTaMgenaH)aneFVIeGay manPaBkxVk; nigGnþraydl;briyakasenACMuvij CaBiessdl;stVmanRbeyaCn__{sRtUvFmµCatirbs;stVli¥t

céRg}dUcCa stVsøab bgáÜy BYkkEgáb BIgBag »m:al; RtI>>>>>>.l. eRkABIenaHCICatienAkñúgdIk_fy cuH ÉTMrg;rbs;dIk_kan;EtGn;eTA ehIysarFatuBulRtUvTwknigxül;naMykeTApg. edayehtuenHehIykareRbI R)as;fñaMBuldMbUg KWvaeRKaHfñak;dl;ksikr nigstVmanRbeyaCn_ bnÞab;mkCatiBul)aneFIVeGaykxVk;dl; plitpl dI Twk nigxül;eTotpg.

fñaMBulpSMBIrukçCatiKWCaCMerIsmYyEdlmansuvtßiPaB nigmantMélefakbMput ehIyGacrkpSM)anenAkñúg mUldæanrbs;eyIg . søwk sMbk RKab; nigedImrukçCatimYycMnYnGacmanCatiBulEdlmanRbsiT§iPaBkñúg karbeNþj nigkMcat;ktþacéRgxus²Kña. enAeBlEdlerobcMfñaMBulpSMBIrukçCati Canic©kalRtUvhalBYkva enAkñúgmøb; eRBaHBnøWéf¶GaceFVIeGayxUcdl;Fatuskmµrbs;;rukçCatiTaMgenaH)an. eRcaH b¤Rtg;l,ayfñaMEdl RtaMenaHCamYynigRkNatés, edim,IykkakfñaMBulpSMBIrukçCatiecal. bEnßmTwksab‘UdMubnþicnigCYyeGayTwk fñaMmanCatisi¥teTA nigrukçCati. cMeBaHlT§plénkareRbIR)as;fñaMpSMBIrukçCatiknøgmk)anbgðajeGayeXIj fal¥dUcfñaMBulksikmµEdr. müa:geTotfñaMrukçCatiTaMgenHBMu)aneFIVeGayGnþraydl;suxPaBksikr GñkbriePaK plitpl sRtUvFmµCatirbs;stVl¥itcéRg nigbrisßaneLIy. FmµCati)anpþl;nUvrukçCatiCaeRcInRbePTEdl mansarFatuKImIGacplitCafñaMBulpSMBIrukçCatisMrab;karBar nigkMcat;stVlí¥tcéRgelIdMNaM. rukçCatiTaMg enaHmanenAkñúgtaragxageRkay.

rukçCatiGacpSMCafñaMkMcat;stVl¥it %%%%%%%%%%%%

rukçCati lr

eQµaHExµr eQµaH viTüasaRsþþ viFIpSM viFIeRbI RbePTstVli¥t epSg²

1 remot Cucurma domestica 1- kñúgXøaMg b¤CRgukRsUv eKlayemSA remot

kñúgkMrit 2 PaKry. 2- eKykemSAremot 0/5 KRk eTARtaMkñúgTwk

2 lIRt cMnYn 1yb; luHRBwkeLIgeRcaH edayés,. ykTwkremot 1lIRt eTA layCamYyTwk 10 lIRt.

TwkfñaMenHsMrab;)aj;elIc,arbEnø TMhM 5 Em:RtbYnRCug.

- Rsemac stVl¥itkat;exaGav xµÚtRKab;FuBaØCati BYksIurUgRKab;

- sMrab;;bgáardgáÚveyaleTag dgáÚvhVÚg dgáÚvbMBg;kat;søwk

2 esþA Azedarachta indica 1- søwkesþþA4KRk emImrMedg 2KRk søwkéRK

Rss;2KRk bukcUlKñaeGaym:t; rYcRtaMkñúgTwk 20-25lIRt ryHeBl1-2 yb;. TwkfñaMRtg; rYcenH 1lIRt eKykeTAlayTwk20lIRteTot eTIbykeTA)aj;.

elIkTI1³)aj;enAeBlRsUvGayu )an 10-15éf¶ elIkTI2³ )aj;erogral;10 eTA 15éf¶ luHRtadl;eBlRsUvepIm

kñúgkrNIEdlmanstVl¥itbMpøajeRcIn RtUv)aj;fñaM 3eTA4 éf¶ CabnþbnÞab;Kña.

dgáÚvryb¤ dgáÚvhVÚg dgáÚvmUlsøwk dgáÚveyaleTag dgáÚvbMBg; dgáÚv kat;søwk mmacetñat

eKGacdak;sab‘U dMubnþicedIm,IeGaymanRbsiT§PaBritEtxøaMg . eRkABI eRbIelI dMNaMRsUveKGac eRbIelIdMNaMeQIhUbEpø Rbkb edayeCaKCy½.

2- TwkswøkesþA³ yksøwkesþA5 KRk dak;kñúgTwk 30lIRt rYcdaMeGayBuHryHeBlknøHema:g ehIyTuk 1yb;eGayRtCak;. 3-TwkRKab;esþA³ bukRKab;esþA 2KRk rYcyk eTARtaMkñúgTwkcMNuHBI 16eTA20lIRt ryHeBl 1yb; b¤2yb; eTIbRtg. TwkfñaMRtgrYcenH yk eTAlayCamYyTwkesµIPaKKña. 4- emSARKab;esþA³bukRKab;esþAeGaym:t; 5-esþAeRkom³ 6-esþA¬søwk bJ RKab;k_)an¦2 keBa¢I-søak;¬søwk bJRKab;k_)an¦1keBa¢I -Cnøat;éd3KRk -RKab; Esøg 3KRk RtaMkñúgTwk1Bag ¬12GMErk¦Tuk ryHeBl 15 eTA 30éf¶ eTIbykmkeRbI)an.

- TwkfñaM30lIRtsMrab;)aj;elI épÞdITMhM30m x 20m -eK)aj;TwkfñaMenHenAerogral; 7éf¶ b¤enAeBlmanstVl¥it eRcIn -eK)acemSAenHBI 36-50KRk kñúgdI 1ht edayEckCabIelIk elIkTI1³ eBlerobcMdI elIkTI2³ 10-14éf¶ eRkay BeRgaH elIkTI3³ muneBlRsUvepIm - )ackñúgkMrit 1 800 KRk kñúg 1ht - ykTwkfñaMenH 1lIRt lay CamYyTwkFmµta 18lIRt eTIb ykeTA)aj;elIdMNaM.

mmacetñat mmacexov Rswg RTIb dgáÚvsIusøwkBN_ébtg dgáÚvmUrswøk dgáÚvsIurUgedIm dgáÚvEpøeQI - Gacbnßyya:geRcInnUvkarrlak b¤seb:ge)a:H - vaGackMcat;stVl¥it dUcCa dgáÚv kUnRCUk dgáÚvhVÚg dgáÚvdI nig Rt ecokKUr .

eK)aj;TwkfñaMenH )anEtenAeBl munRsUvpáa.

3 ek,os Derris elliptica 1-bJsek,osbukeGaym:t;CaemSA 1KRk lay Twk 100lIRt nwgsab’UknøH KRk 2-emSAbJsek,os 2KRkknøH laykñúgTwkcMnYn 400lIRt 3- kMeTcbJsek,os

-)aj;TwkfñaMenHenAeBlmanstV l¥iteRcIn b¤ erogral;7éf¶mþg - sMrab;kMcat;dgáÚvés<ekþabeK )ackMeTcbJsek,os 4dg kñúg cenøaHeBl15 éf¶mþg.

éc- GeNþIkmaspáaQUk- emGMe)A és<ekþab- dgáÚvecaHEpøeb:ge)a:H- dgáÚvmUrsøwkRtsk;- dgáÚv)ak;xñg- dgáÚveyaleTag-dgáÚvryb£hVÚg

-RtUvbEnßmsar FatueFIVeGay s¥it edIm,IeGay TwkfñaMrwtEtl¥. -RtUvRbmUlyk b¤sek,osEdl manGayu 2qñaM knøH eTA 3qñaM.

4 bNþÚleBRC Tinospora crispa 1-karRtaMbJssMNabkñúgTwkfñaM³

edIm,IRtaMsMNabsMrab;ERs 1ht eKciRBa©aM bNþÚleBRC 10-15KRk rYcbukeGaym:t;dak; kñúgTwkcMnYnBI 50-75lIRt ehIykUreGaysBV. 2-karRtaMvløikñúgTwkhUr³ kat;vløixøI²RbEvg 3 twk ehIycgvaenAcenøaHsñwg2 emIleTAragdUc CeNþIr. 3-karBRgaykMNat;vløi ³ kat;vløiCakMNat;xøI RbEvg 1Em:Rt. kMNat;nImYy²RtUvqVayeFIVCa cgVay ehIycgcMkNþal rYcehIydMvanwgRBng;

-RtaMbJssMNabkñúgTwkfñaMenH kñúgryHeBl 12ema:g munnwg sÞÚg. - dak;CeNþIrenHenARtg;TaVrTwk hUrcUlERs. - BRgaycgVayvløieGay)an esµIRKb;kEnøgenAkñúgERsenA eBlsÞÚg nigenAeBlRsUvecj kYrdMbUg. sMrab;épÞdI 1hteK kat ;vløicMnYn 60KRk .

dgáÚveyaleTag dgáÚvrUgedIm RswgexµAxñg mmacetñat mmacexov nig stVl¥itCaeRcInRbePTeTot.

5 fñaMCk; Nicotiana tabaccum 1- ykedIm b¤RTng;søwkfñaM es¶arb¤RtaMTwk 3

eTA4éf¶. sMrab;karBarstVl¥iteRcInRbePT

6 TRnÞanExt Eupatorium odoratum 1-søwks¶Üt 4xaM dak;kñúgTwk 3lIRt rYcdaMeGay

BuH 10naTI TukeGayRtCak;eTIbeRcaH. 2-søwks¶Üt 4xaM dak;kñúgTwk 3lIRtehIybit edayykcMhayva{ Twkbit} CatifñaMEdl)an 2lIRt RtUv)aj;suT§Etmþg.

)aj;TwkfñaMenHenAelIfñalbEnø éc dgáÚvkat;søwk dgáÚvry nigstV l¥it enAkñúgXøaMgsENþk)ay

RtUveRbIedImEdl mankMBs;elIs BI 3twk. edIm EdltUcCagenH manFatskmµ ticNas;.

7 QUkrtñ½ Helianthus annuus -ykpáas¶ÜtkineGaym:t; rYclayCamYydI\dæ

m:t; nigTwk emS:ApáaQUks¶Üt6-7 søabRBa )aysMrab;layTwk 4lIRt

vaGackMcat;stVl¥iteRcInRbePT

8 eTobRsuk Anona squimosa ykRKab;eTobkineGayexÞc ehIylayCamYy

Twk eTIbykeTA)aj ; stVl¥itcéRg Rsemac nig

dgáÚvepSg²

9 xÞwms emÞs xÞwm)araMg

RmH

1-ykxÞwms 3-4kMBws nwgsøwkRmH 2éd nwg xÞwm)araMg2-3 dMu nwgemÞs2-3Epø bukeGay m:t; ehIyykeTAdaMeGayBuH TukeGayRtCak; rYclayTwkEfm 4-5 PaKry kUreGaysBV.

kMcat;stVl¥iteRcInRbePT minRtUvTukTwkfñaM enHeGayhYsBI

2éf¶eLIy.

10 CIGgáam Cacalia precombens RtUvdaMrukçCatienHenACMuvijsYnbEnø eRBaHkøinrbs;

vaeFIVeGaystVl¥itxøac rGaminh‘anmkCit.

• eRkABIrukçCatixagelIenAmanrukçCatimYycMnYneTotEdlksikrenAtamtMbn;mYycMnYn)aneRbIsMrab;pSMCafñaMkMcat;stVl¥itpgEdrdUcCa kþÜc Esøg >>>>>>>>.l.

5-2- fñaMBulksikmµ nigsuvtßiPaBkñúgkareRbIR)as; fñaMBulksikmµmaneRcInRbePT ehIymanRbsiT§iPaBeTAtamRbePTdMNaM nigRbePTstVl¥itcéRgEdl

bMpøaj. karkMcat;edayeRbIfñaMBulmanplvi)akxøH² eRBaHvaGaceFIVeGayb:HBal;dl;suxPaBmnusS stV brisßan b¤GaceGayxUcdl;dMNaM RbsinebIeKeRbIR)as;BMusmRsbtamlkçNHbec©keTs. EtebIGñkeRbIsÁal; nigeKarBtamkarENnaMrbs;Gñkbec©keTsenaHkareRbIfñaMBulR)akdCamanRbsiT§iPaBx<s;ehIyminbNþaleGay eRKaHfñak;dl;GñkbriePaKplitpleLIy.

5>2>1 niymny½ fñaMBulksikmµCaplitplKImIEdlGacsMlab; b¤kMcat;ktþacéRgdUcCa stVl¥it kNþúr pSit

esµAcéRgEdlbNþaleGayxUcxatdl;dMNaM niges,ógrkSaTuk. 5>2>2 RkumfñaMBulksikmµ

fñaMBulksikmµRtUv)aneKcat;CaRkum eyageTAtamRbsiTi§PaBkñúgkarkMcat;ktþacéRgnImYy² dUcteTA³ • RkumfñaMstVl¥it >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> stVl¥it • fñaMéc >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePTéc • fñaMxüg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePTxüg • fñaMeNma:tUt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePTeNma:tUt • fñaM)ak;etrI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePT)ak;etrI • fñaMpSit >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePTpSit • fñaMesµA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RbePTesµA 5>2>3 EbbEpnskmµPaBrbs;fñaMBulksikm µ fñaMBulksikmµGackMcat;ktþacéRgedaymanrebobepSg²BIKña EdleKehAfaEbbEpnskmµPaBenaHman

dUcCa³ • BultamkarelbcUl • BultamkarRCabcUltamEs,keBlEdlstVl¥itb:HRtUv • BultamkardkdegðIm

5>2>4- kareRCÍserIsfñaMBulksikmµ munnigTijfñaMBulksikmµNamYy CabzmksikrRtUUvsÁal;RbePTktþacéRg nigsMercfaeBlNaEdl

caM)ac;RtUveRbIfñaM . ehIyebIGñkNamin)andwgeT RtUvEsVgrkeyabl;ENnaMBIGñkCMnajrbs;Pñak;garksikmµ b¤ ksikrEdlmanbTBiesaFn_ . eBlxøHkareRbIvIFIdaMduH b¤viFICIvsaRsþGacmanRbsiT§iPaBCag. eBlEdlcaM)ac;RtUveRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµ GñkeRbIR)as;RtUvkþab;eGay)andUcteTA³

• fñaMEdlRtUveRbI nigeRKaHfñak;rbs;fñaMTaMgenaH • eBlevla nig cMnYndgénkareRbIR)as; • kMritlayfñaM • viFIbgáaeRKaHfñak;

5-2-5-eRKaHfñak; k-eRKaHfñak;Buldl;mnusS nig stV

fñaMBulksikmµcUlkñúgxøÜnmnusStamryH Es,k mat; kardkdegðIm karb:HtamEs,k³ karb:HtamEs,kGacekItmaneLIg³ - eBléd mux EPñk Kµanr)aMgkarBar RtUvb:HnigTwkfñaMsuT§ b¤TwkfñaMEdl)anlayehIy - eBlEdlsMelokbMBak;esIm b¤RbLak;edayTwkfñaM - eBlEdleyIgBak;eRsaméd nig Es,keCIgrEhk ehIyRbLak;nigfñaM - eBlEdlGñk)aj;fñaMRtUvTwkfñaMCHelIxøÜn

karcUltammat; - bNþalmkBIhUbcMNI pwk nig Ck;)arIenAeBlEdlkMBugb:HBal;fñaMBul

karcUltamkardkdegðIm - kardkdegIðmcUlnUvFUlI nigcMhayTwkfñaM - eBl)aj;fñaMeRkamxül; - min)aneeRbIR)as;Rbdab;dkdegðIm

x- eFIVeGayRkxVk;dl;brisßan³ mUlehtuCarYménkareFIVeGaykxVk;enaHman • karehorkMBb; elcFøayenAeBldwkCBa¢Ún sþúkTuk eBllay nigdak;fñaM • karerobcMTukdak;FugfñaM fñaMesssl; b¤kBa©b;fñaMTeTenAkñúgERs cMkar

• cak;TwkfñaMEdllayrYc b¤TwklagFugeTAkñúgTwkbwgbYr b¤enAelImat;pøÚv • layfñaMelIskMrit ehIy)aj;kñúgeBlxül;kMBugbk;e)akxøaMgEdlbNþaleGayTwkfñaMxÞatecj eTAq¶ay.

• kareRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµenACitmat;sÞwg bwgbYrEdleRbIR)as;sMrab;Twkpwk b¤enAEk,rRsH sMrab;ciBaw©mRtI.

K> karBuldl;rukçCati fñaMBulksikmµ eKeRbIsMrab;kMcat;ktþacéRgEdleFVIeGayxUtxatdl;TinñpldMNaM . b:uEnþvak_GaceFIV eGayeRKaHfñak;dl;dMNaMeyIgpgEdr EdleKehAfa Buldl;ruukçCati. rukçCatiEdlBulmansPaBesøakexøac eLIgBN_elOg mancMnucetñat RseBan nigRkin . karBulenHbNþalmkBI ³

• kareRbIR)as;fñaMelIskMritkarENnaMEdlmanEcgenAelIpøak • karlayfñaMKImIeRcInmuxcUlKña EdlminsmRsbtambec©keTs • )aj;fñaMenAeBléf¶ekþAxøaMg • kareRbIfñaMepSgeTotenAEk,rdMNaMEdlgayBuledaysarfñaMTaMgenaHdUcCa fñaMsMlab;esµAPaKeRcIn naMeGayBuldl;dMNaM

• kalNafñaMlayBMu)ansBVl¥ ehIyykeTAeRbI b¤eRbI]bkrN_EdlTwkfñaMecjCadMNk;FM² . kaksMNl;fñaMenAkñúgrukçCati fñaMGacsßitesßrenAkñúgdMNaMeRkayBI)aj;fñaMelIdMNaM. cMeBaHdMNaMykemIm KWhammineGay)aj;fñaM

eRkayeBldMNaMecjpáa nighammineGay)aj;fñaMelIdMNaMEdleRbICaGaharRss;dUcCa xÞwm és< CI>>.l. ebIcaM)ac;RtUv)aj;fñaMeGay)anmunkarRbmUlplya:gtic 20éf¶. b:uEnþbEnø nigEpøeQIGacGnuBaaØtieGayhUb)an kalNamanbrimaNfñaMticCag 0>005 mIlIRkam enAkñúgEpøeQI b¤ bEnø. 5-2-6-karkan;kab; nigkareRbIR)as;fñaMBuleGaymansuvtßiPaB

muneBl)aj;fñaM • TukfñaMBuleGayputBIédekµg nigTukeGayq¶ayBIkEnøgTukdak;mðÚbGahar • GanbTbBa¢aelIpøakfñaM nigGnuvtþtambTbBa¢aedayRbugRby½tñ

• GñkeRbIR)as;fñaMBulRtUvBak;EvntakarBarEPñk eRsamédeFIVBIekAs‘U Rbdab;karBarpøÚvdkdegðIm Es,keCIgekAs‘UkEvg Bak;GavédEvg nigexaeCIgEvg ehIyRtUvmansuxPaBl¥

• minRtUveRbIédeTAkUrkñúgTwkfñaMeT {hameRbIEdkkUrTwkfñaM} eBl)aj;fñaM

• minRtUvbriePaKGahar b¤pwkTwk b¤Ck;)arIenAeBlkMBug)aj;fñaMBul • minRtUv)aj;fñaMenAeBléf¶ekþAxøaMg {)aj;fñaMenAeBlla¶c emXRslHl¥KµanePøóg} • minRtUvpøúMk,alb‘ícEdlsÞH ehIyRtUvsMGatk,alb‘ícedayeRbIbMENkeQItUc² b¤edImesµA • RtUv)aj;fñaMenABIxagelIxül; b¤enAeBls¶b;xül; • minRtUv)aj;fñaMelIsBI 2ema:gkñúgmYyéf¶ • minGnuBaaØtieGayGñkminecH kumar nigRsIþmanépÞeBaH)aj;fñaMeLIy • bBaÄb;kar)aj;fñaMTaMgGs;munkarRbmUlpl eRBaHRKb;EtfñaMBulsuT§EtmanryHeBlmYyEdlRtUvrg caMeGayvarlayGs;CatiBul {GanpøaksBaaØenAelIdb b¤kBa©b;} eRkayeBl)aj;fñaM

• lagsMGat nigRtYtBinitü]bkrN_)aj;fñaMenAeBlbBa©b; • minRtUvcak;TwkfñaMEdlenAsl; b¤TwklagbMBg;)aj;fñaMkñúgRbPBTwkTenø GUr sÞwg bwgbYr RtBaMg b¤CitRbPBGNþÚg.

• kaksMNl;fñaMBulRtUvdut nigkMeTcecal b¤kb;kñúgreNþACMerAknøHEm:Rt • eRkayBI)anbBa©b;kar)aj;fñaM RtUvedaHsMelokbMBak;ykeTAe)akKYk nigduslagxøÜnR)aNCamYy sab‘UeGay)ans¥atCanic©.

5>2-7-cMNat;fñak;fñaMBul³ {sUmemIlkñúgtarag]bsm<n§½sþIBIfñaMBulkarBardMNaM nigbBaða rbs;va} . tamPaBBulrbs;fñaMBulksikmµ eKEckvaCa 4Rkum³

• Rkum 1k ³ kMritBulx<s;bMput • Rkum 1x ³ kMritBulx<s; • Rkum 2 ³ kMritBulmFüm • Rkum 3 ³ kMritBulexSay

5>2>8- eraKsBaaØénkarBulfñaM • karBulexSay b¤karcab;epþImQaneTArkdMNak;kalBulxøaMg³ GñkCMgWmanGakareraKdUcCa exSay QWk,al vilmux EbkejIs RsvaMgEPñk ecjTwkmat; minRsYlkñúgRTUg RkhayEPñk rmYleBaH raKruHxusFmµta kRnþak;srés b¤sac;dMu>>>>>>>>>>.l.

• karBulxøaMg³ GñkCMgWmanGakareraKdUcCa QWeBaH CIBcredIrelOn dkdegðImjab; k¥Ütceg¥ar minGacedIr)an Bi)akdkdegðIm jak;jr½ snøb; ehIyGacmanCMgWF¶n;CagenHeTAeTot.

5-2-9- karseRgÁaHbnÞan; karbgáakarBulvagayRsYlCagkarBüa)al dUcenHRtUveRbIR)as;fñaMsMlab;stVl¥itcéRgedayRbugRbytñ½

CaTIbMput. kñúgkarBüa)alGñkEdlBulfñaMRtUvcat;kareGay)anqab;rhs½bMput. • RtUvGeBa¢IjevC¢bNÐit b¤dwkGñkCMgWeTAmnÞIreBTüCabnÞan; • RtUvbgðajdl;evC¢bNÐit nUvpøaksBaaØelIsMbkfñaM ehIybBaa¢k;R)ab;BImUlehtuénkarBul eBlrg;caMCMnYyseRgÁaHBIevC¢bNÐit eyIgGacCYyGñkCMgWdUcteTA • edaHsMelokbMBak;EdlRblak;fñaMecj ehIylagsMGatxøÜnR)aN nigsk;EdlRblak;fñaM • TwkfñaM b¤emS:AfñaM EdlxÞatcUlEPñkGacRCabcUl)anya:grhs½ RtUvlagsMGatCabnÞan;edayeRbI Twks¥at RtUvlagEPñkya:gticbMput 10naTI .

• eBlsgS½ymankarBul dac;xatminRtUvpwkRsa b¤TwkedaHeKaeLIy • RtUUvTukdak;GñkrgeRKaHeGay)anRsYl nigs¶b;s¶at;ebImankarBultammat;RtUveFIVeGayk¥ÜtecjGs; edaypwkTwkekþA]NÑ²mYyEkvlaynigGMbil b¤ykcg¥uúrédlUkcUlkñúgbMBg;kTal;Etk¥Üt.

5>2>10- karEfrkSabrisßan karEfrkSabrisßanKWCaParkic©rbs;BlrdæRKb;²rUb. dUcenH eyIgCaGñkeRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµKYrEt ³ • kMueRbIfñaMBulNaEdlEcgkñúgpøakfa eRKaHfñak;dl;stVXµúMenAeBldMNaMecjpáa • kMueRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµenACitRbPBTwk nigCitpÞHsMEbg ebI;mankarelcFøayRtUvRbjab;eraydI b¤Gacm_ rNaedIm,IpþitykTwkfñaMb¤ e)assMGateGayRCHedayRbugRbytñ½bMput

• eRCÍserIsfñaMNaEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB nigmankMritBulTab ehIymanryHeBlBulxøI • pþl;dMNwgeTAksikrdéTCamun GMBITIkEnøgRtUv)aj;fñaMedaysresrCapøak b¤dak;pøaksBaaØk,alexµac • RtUvFanasuvtßiPaBdl;stVmanRbeeyaCn_EdlrYmcMENkkñúgkarkMcat;stVl¥it nigkNþúrtamlkçNHFmµCati

kareRbIR)as;fñaMBulksikmµeGaymansuvtßiPaB

karlayfñaMBul

karesøokBak;karBarxøÜn karerobcMFug)aj;fñaM

karTij nigkareRCIserIsykRbePTfñaMsMlab;stVl¥it

kMu)aj;fñaMBulbRBa©as;xül; karGnuvtþkar)aj;fñaM

minRtUveGayGñkminecHnigkumar)aj;fñaMeLIy kMu)aj;fñaMenAeBleXIjemXCitePøóg

kare)aHecalnUvsMbkFug db b¤kMb:ugTeTénfñaMsMlab;stVl¥it

lagsMGatxøÜnR)aN nigsMelokbMBak;eRkayeBl)aj;fñaM

karBulkMritmFüm

karBulkMritF¶n;

rmYleBaH EbkejIsxusFmµta karkRnþak;sac;dMu

Ük¥Üt Bi)akdkdegðIm snøb;

karBulfñaM nigCMnYyseRgÁaHbzm

eraKsBaaØénkarBulfñaMsMlab;stVl¥it

5-2-11-viFankarN_karBar nig kMcat;ktþacéRgelIdMNaMeQIhUbEpø³ k-Gold dust weevil :

emcMNas;rs;enACaRkum ehIyBYkvasIubMpøajsøwksaVy.

viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat; • RbsinebIstVl¥itenHminsUveRcIn GRgYnedImsVayehIybMpøajstVl¥itEdlFøak;enaHecal • eRbIfñaM Monocrotophos b¤ Methamidophos cMnYYn 25eses layTwk 20lIRt RtUv)aj;eGaysBVRTg;RTayedIm.

• eRbIfñaM Carbayl cMnYn 60Rkam layTwk 20lIRt RtUv)aj;eGaysBVRTg;RTayénedIm.

x- Leaf Miner

vaEtgEtekIteLIgkñugGMLugeBllas;RtYyéndMNaMRkUc. eK)anrkeXIjfadgáÚvcUlcitþcUleTA kñúgsIuEpñkxageRkaménépÞsøwkCagEpñkxagelIénépÞsøwk. søwkEdlrgkarxUcxatGacsVitnigFøak;cuHmkdI. cMeBaHdMNaMenAtUc karbMpøajF¶n;F¶rnaMeGayvaKµansuxPaB niglUtlas;minsUvl¥.

viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat; • sMGatesµA nigéRBenACMuvijcMkarEdlCaCMrkrbs;stVl¥itcéRg • RtUvRbmUlsøwkEdlmanCMgW nigkat;EmktUc²NaEdlsøwkrgkarbMpøajxøaMgdutecal • eRbIfñaM Flufenoxuron (Cascade 5EC) cMnYn 6eses layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Cyfluthrin cMnYn 6eses layTwk 20lIRt . K- Fruit Borer:¬dgáÚvecaHEpø¦

EpøEdlrgkarbMpøajKWmankarRblak;edayGacm_dgáÚv EpørlYyb¤ s¥úy ehIyeRkaymkFøak; cuHmkdI. dgáÚvcab;epþImbMpøajenAeBlEdlEpøvaenAtUcmanGayuelIsBI1ExknøH ehIybnþrhUtdl; eBlRbmUlpl. vaGacxUcxatTaMgRsug RbsinebIstVl¥itmankarbMpøajya:gxøaMgkøa.

viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat;

• RtUvrMuEpøRkUcedIm,IkarBarkarbMpøajBIdgáÚvecaHEpø • RbmUlEpøEdlxUckb; b¤dutecal • eRbIfñaM Methamidophos cMnYn30eses layTwk 20lIRt RtUv)aj;eGaysBVRTg;RTay énedIm.

X- Leaf Eating caterpillar: ¬dgáÚvsIusøwk¦ eRkayBIkUndgáÚv)ancab;epþImjas; vak_cab;epþImsIubMpøajRtYy nigsøwkx©I²edaysnSwm².

enAeBlEdlvamanGayuRbEhl 5-6éf¶ dgáÚvnigbMpøajya:gelOn ehIyGacbNþaleGaykUneQI hUbEpøEdlenAtUcgab;)an.

viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat; • ebHykBg nigdgáÚvecj ehIybMpøajvaecal • eRbIfñaM Methamidophos cMnYn30eses layTwk 20lIRt RtUv)aj;eGaysBVRTg;RTay énedIm.

g-Mango Leafhopper: ¬mmac¦ vaCBa¢k;ykrukçrsBIRtYysVayEdleTIbEtlas;fµYI ehIybNþaleGaysøwkEdllas;fµIenaHeLIg

rmYlcuH eFIVeGayxusBIPaBedIm nigxøICagmun. EKmsøwkkøayeTACas¶Üt. enAdMNak;kalecjpáa páaEdlrgkarbMpøajnigRtUvxøICagmun ehIyFøak;cuHmkdI.


• RtUvBinitüemIlstVl¥itenAelIkEnøgEdleTIbmankarlUtlas;fµITaMgEpñkxagelI nigxageRkaménsøwk • eRbIfñaMRkum Pyrethroid :

• Deltamethrin (Decis 2.5EC) cMnYn 10eses layTwk 20lIRt. • Fenvalerate ( Sumicidin 20 EC) cMnYn 10eses layTwk 20lIRt. • Cypermethrin (Cyperin 10EC) cMnYn 10eses layTwk 20lIRt. • Lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate 2.5EC) cMnYn 8eses layTwk 20lIRt. • Permethrin (Ambush 10EC) cMnYn 10eses layTwk 20lIRt. • Cyfluthrin (Baythroid 5EC) cMnYn 4eses layTwk 20lIRt

c- Thrip :¬mm:g;¦ kUn nigemcMNas;CBa¢k;ykrukçrsBIsøwkEdleTIblas;fµI ehIysøwkenaHkøayCaerj²eday

exøacEKmsøwk nigFøak;cuHmkdI. rIÉEmkEdleTIbEtecjBnøk ebIrgkarbMpøajBIva BnøkenaHmin Gacecjsøwk)aneT ehIykøayeTACaeRkomsVit. enAdMNak;kalecjpáaeKEtgEteXIjvaPaKeRcIn enAkñúgpáa kEnøgEdlvars;enA)aneFIVeGayxUcxat nig bNþaleGaypáaFøak;cuHmk. cMeBaHEpøvij eraKsBaaØénkarxUcxatKWmanqñÚtBN_RbepHeBjTaMgEpø. EpøEdlxUcxatF¶n;F¶rKµanTIpSaeLIy.


• RtUvRtYtBinitüstVli¥tenHedayRbugRbytñ½enAkñúdMNak;kallas;RtYy nigecjEpø • eRbIfñaM Lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate 2.5EC) cMnYn 8eses layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Carbaryl (85WP) cMnYn 60Rkam layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Monocrotophos (60SCW) cMnYn 25eses layTwk 20lIRt

q-Red Mite:¬BIgBagRkhm¦ vaCastVl¥itEdlGacbMpøajdMNaMeRcInmuxNas;. emcMNas; ehIynigkUnrbs;vaCBa¢k;yk

rukçrsBI søwkdMNaM. søwkERbBN’BIébtgx©I nigFøak;cuHmkdI. enAkñúgdMMNak;kalecjEpøvaCBa¢k;yk rukçrsBIEpøpgEdr vaeFVIeGayEpømanBN_ébtgRBElt. RbsinebIkarbMpøajrbs;vamansPaBF¶n;F¶r EpøenAtUcGacFøak;cuHmkdI.

viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat; • eKGackarBarkMueGaymanvtþmanBIgBagRkhmenHenArdUvbnÞab;eTot edayP¢ÜrdIcMkareGay)aneRCA enAeRkayeBlRbmUlpldMMNaM eRBaHfavacUlcitþRCkenAeRkamsøwkeQIgab; b¤ kaksMNl;enA eBlRbmUlpl.

• eRbIfñaM Propagite (Omite 30WP) cMnYn 30Rkam layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Dicofol (Kelthane 18.5EC) cMnYn 20eses layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Hexythiazox (Nissorun10EC) cMnYn 10eses layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Dimethoate cMnYn 30eses layTwk 20lIRt. C-Mealy Bug: vaeRcInRbmUlpþúMKñarMuCBa¢k;ykCr½BIBnøkEmk nigBnøksøwk. dMNaMEdlTTYlkarbMpøajBIBBYkstV l¥itenHlUtlas;min)anl¥CaRbRktIeT. cMeBaHBnøkEmk nigBnøksøwkvijnigxUc. rukçCatiTaMgmUlnig gab; RbsinebIkarbMpøajmansPaBF¶n;F¶r.

viFakarN_karBar nigkMcat; • kat;Emk nigEpøNaEdlmanCMgW rYcvadutecal • eRbIfñaM Malathion(25EC) cMnYn 20eses layTwk 10lIRt • eRbIfñaM Carbaryl (85WP) cMnYn 60Rkam layTwk 20lIRt. Q-Sooty Mold: ¬CMgWpSitexµA¦

eyIgGaceXIjpSitenAelIsøwk Epø nigEmkedayduHenAelIGacm_éc>>>.l. s<r½rbs;pSitenH GacraldaleTAedImepSgeTottam xül; nigTwk .


• kat;søwk Emk nigEpøecjEdleXIjfamanCMgWpSit ehIydutvaecalkMueGayratt,at • eRbIfñaM CarbendaZim (50WP) cMnYn 6-12Rkam layTwk 20lIRt. • eRbIfñaM Mancozeb(80WP) cMnYn 48Rkam layTwk 20lIRt.

j-Foot and Root Rot: ¬CMgWrlYyb¤s nigrlYyyKl;¦ eraKsBaØaPaKeRcInénCMgWenHekIteLIgenAelIb¤s nigsMbkénedImRkUc. b¤smansar³sMxan;

Nas; eRBaHvamanmuxgarsMrab;RsUbykTwk nigCICati. kalNab¤srlYy vabþÚrBN_BIBN_etñat x©IeTABN_etñatcas; ehIysMbkénb¤sk_rbkecj. karrlYyb¤sd_F¶n;F¶rGaceFIVeGayedImRkUcsøwkBN_ elOg sVit ehIyEmksVitgab;. edImRkUcEdlTTYlkarratt,atBICMgWenHniggab;Cayfaehtu. viFankarN_karBar nigkMcat;

• EklMGrdIedayeRbICIFmµCati edIm,IeFIVeGayxül; nigTwkRCabcUl)anRsYl • kat;EmkxøHedIm,IeGaymanBnøWéf¶cUldl;Kl;RkUc • ecosvagskmµPaBNaEdlGaceFVIeGayxUcdl;sMbkénb¤s • edImNaEdlrgkarbMpøajF¶n;F¶rKYrEtKas;vaecj ehIydutecal • kñúgkrNIEdlmankarrlYy kat;EpñkEdlxUcecj ehIyBüa)alb¤sEdlenAsl;CamYyfñaM

Metalaxyl (5G) cMnYn 200Rkam erayCMuvijbrievNKl; rYceRsacTwkeGayesImlµmCMuvij brievNKl;EdlekItCMgW. cMeBaHrlYyKl;vij qáiHsMbkkEnøgEdlekItCMgW CUteGays¥at rYc labfñaM Metalaxyl (25WP) cMnYn 50-60Rkam layTwk 1lIRt.

srubesovePAEdl)andkRsg;

• esovePAsþIBI karerobcMeFIVCIkMb:usþ e)aHBum<CaPasaExµr CaCMnYyrbs;rdæaPi)alGURsþalI tamryHGgÁkar IRRI nig rdæaPi)alkm<úCa qñaM1991

• esovePAfñaMBulkarBardMNaM nigbBðaarbs;va Edl)anerobcMeLIgedaymCÄmNÐlsikSa nig GPivDÆn_ksikmµkm<úCa (CEDAC)

• esovePAsþIBI bec©keTsksikmµsmRsbrbs; Padek qñaM1991 • esovePAsþIBI bec©keTsdaMeQIsMrab;ksikr ]btßmÖkarerobcM nig e)aHBum<eday CTSP-

DANIDA , GTZ-CGFP , JICA , Cambodia-EU PRASAC nig naykdæanrukça-Rbmaj; qñaM 2003

• esovePAsIþBI karBRgIkBUCsaVy )anbkERbsMrYlBI Kiatikaset Khanchanpisoot. 1989. Mango Tree Propagation Manaul. Bangkok, Thailand, edaymnÞIrksikmµextþ)at;dMbg nig KNkmµkarGPivDÆn_dMNaMeQIhUbEpøextþtMbn;Bay½BüRbeTskm<úCa qñaM1997

• Wightman, Kevyn. 1999. Good Tree Nursery Practices, International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya.

• FAO. 1997. Handbook for Agro-retailers in Thailand: Fertilizer and Related Inputs Recommendations for rice, field crops, vegetables, fruit trees and other crops. Technical Co-operation Program. Bangkok>

• Bangkok, Thailand 1984, Safe handling and application of agro-pesticides • Durian Integrated Pest Management Manual 1996, Thai-German IPM in

selected fruit trees, Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Extension.

• Pummelo Integrated Pest Management Manual, Thai-German IPM in selected fruit trees, Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Extension

• Tangerine Integrated Pest Management Manual 1996, Thai-German IPM in selected fruit trees, Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Extension

• Thailand, Mango Farm Care and Management Handbook, Thai-German IPM in selected fruit trees project, Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Extension

• BHUTHAN Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry Services Division (1995) Tree Nurseries Establishment and Management.

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