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![Page 1: Server and Network Optimization for Citrix MetaFrame XP Presentation Server Scott Thompson – Director Consulting Rob Ruzicka – Director Consulting Scott.](https://reader036.fdocument.pub/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e235503460f94b112b0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Server and Network Optimization for Citrix MetaFrame XP Presentation Server Scott Thompson – Director Consulting Rob Ruzicka – Director Consulting Scott.](https://reader036.fdocument.pub/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e235503460f94b112b0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Server and Network Optimization for Citrix MetaFrame XP Presentation Server
Server and Network Optimization for Citrix MetaFrame XP Presentation Server
Scott Thompson – Director ConsultingRob Ruzicka – Director ConsultingScott Thompson – Director ConsultingRob Ruzicka – Director Consulting
![Page 3: Server and Network Optimization for Citrix MetaFrame XP Presentation Server Scott Thompson – Director Consulting Rob Ruzicka – Director Consulting Scott.](https://reader036.fdocument.pub/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e235503460f94b112b0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objective• To provide optimization
recommendations that will improve overall customer satisfaction
– This presentation focuses on:• WAN performance of ICA traffic• Login process improvements (authentication,
policies, profiles, login scripts)
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Agenda• Background• Analysis• Design & Configuration• Testing• Summary• Questions
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BackgroundBackground
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ICA Traffic
• Port Numbers– Server TCP 1494 and 80– Client High Port #
netstat –a will show listing of ports in use*IMA uses a different set of port numbers
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ICA Protocol Packet Composition
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ICA Priority Packet Tagging• Virtual channel prioritization• Implemented at layer 6 (presentation)• Used by 3rd party vendors
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Logon ProcessPresentation Server
DNS Server
AD Domain Controller
File Server
• Initiate ICA session request– XML Request– ICA Connection
• Query DNS for SRV record• Kerberos authentication• Load profile• Policies applied• Logon script executes
XMLICA
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AnalysisAnalysis
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Analysis• Analyze before you optimize
– What versions of software are being used?• ICA Client?• Feature Release?
– What does the authentication process look like?• Where are the Active Directory boxes located?• Is the authentication process efficient?
– Is DNS responding quickly and correctly?– What policies are being applied to the server?– What policies are being applied to the client?
– How is the network designed?• What route does the ICA session traffic take?• What is the latency of the route?• Is QoS implemented?
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Metrics and Baseline Statistics• Latency
– LAN <10ms– Wired WANs 100-500ms– Wireless WANs 300-3000ms
• Bandwidth utilization– 70% of capacity is generally considered fully utilized
• Health statistics– CRC errors– # Frames Dropped– # Broadcasts– # Multicasts
• Polling intervals– Data collection frequency must allow accurate
depiction of traffic patterns
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Monitoring Tools
Object: Citrix IMA Networking Object: ICA Session Object: ICA Session
Bytes Sent/sec Input Audio Bandwidth Output Audio Bandwidth
Network Connections Input Clipboard Bandwidth Output Clipboard Bandwidth
Input COM 1 Bandwidth Output COM 1 Bandwidth
Object: Citrix MetaFrame XP Input COM 2 Bandwidth Output COM 2 Bandwidth
Application Enumerations/sec Input COM Bandwidth Output COM Bandwidth
Application Resolution Time (ms) Input Control Channel Bandwidth Output Control Channel Bandwidth
Application Resolutions/sec Input Drive Bandwidth Output Drive Bandwidth
Data Store Connection Failure Input Font Data Bandwidth Output Font Data Bandwidth
DataStore bytes read/sec Input Licensing Bandwidth Output Licensing Bandwidth
DataStore bytes written/sec Input LPT 1 Bandwidth Output LPT 1 Bandwidth
DataStore reads/sec Input LPT 2 Bandwidth Output LPT 2 Bandwidth
DataStore writes/sec Input Management Bandwidth Output Management Bandwidth
Dynamic Store bytes read/sec Input PN Bandwidth Output PN Bandwidth
DynamicStore bytes written/sec Input Printer Bandwidth Output Printer Bandwidth
DynamicStore reads/sec Input Seamless Bandwidth Output Seamless Bandwidth
DynamicStore writes/sec Input Session Bandwidth Output Session Bandwidth
Filtered Application Enumerations/sec Input Session Compression Output Session Compression
LocalHostCache bytes read/sec Input Session Line Speed Output Session Line Speed
LocalHostCache bytes written/sec Input Text Echo Bandwidth Output Text Echo Bandwidth
LocalHostCache reads/sec Input ThinWire Bandwidth Output ThinWire Bandwidth
LocalHostCache writes/sec Input VideoFrame Bandwidth Output VideoFrame Bandwidth
Zone Elections Latency - Last Recorded
Zone Elections Won Latency - Session Average
Latency - Session Deviation
• Windows 2000 Server objects and counters– Citrix resource manager, Microsoft System Monitor, HP
Openview, IBM Tivoli, etc.
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Monitoring Tools• Resource manager for MetaFrame XP
Presentation Server– Server and user level statistics
• Network interface card traffic• Session level latency
– Crystal Reports templates• Session history• Identify trends
• Network manager for MetaFrame XP Presentation Server– Integration with HP OpenView, IBM Tivoli NetView,
and CA UniCenter
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Monitoring Tools• Citrix Session Monitoring & Control
– Software Development Kit (SDK)• A component of the Citrix Server SDK• API that can be used to write applications that monitor,
measure, prioritize and control bandwidth usage by ICA sessions on MetaFrame XP Presentation Servers
• MetaFrame XP Presentation Server, Feature Release 2
– Citrix SMC Console• An out-of-the-box example that can be used for testing,
monitoring, and troubleshooting• Need C+ compiler to create SMC executable
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Monitoring Tools
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Monitoring Tools
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Monitoring Tools• Microsoft System Monitor
– Access to all Citrix counters
• Microsoft Network Monitor– Allows view of ICA/IMA traffic flows, windows
authentication, etc– Understand impact of switch
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Monitoring Tools• Microsoft Operations Manager
– Provides consolidated information via one console• Management Packs for W2K, DNS, AD,
SQL, HP Servers– MetaFrame XP Presentation Server
Management Pack for MOM 2000• Server and user level statistics
• MetaFrame XP Presentation Server Provider for WMI– For HP Openview, IBM Tivoli, and
Microsoft Operations Manager.– Disconnected sessions, session data
• Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG)
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Design and OptimizationsDesign and Optimizations
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DesignTo estimate # of Citrix supportable WAN sessions:
– Plan for an average of 20 Kbps per ICA session (Server to Client)
– If more bandwidth exists, ICA may use it – This does not include printing
Your results will vary; examine scalability white papers or conduct scalability tests for more accurate planning
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Optimizations• Feature Release 2 Features
– Bandwidth Efficiencies • Bigger TCP window and more buffers• Better utilization of maximum packet size• Improved data compression• Bandwidth requirements dropped by 50% in some cases
– Bulk Data Channels• Performance increased with client drive mappings, clipboard, and
printing• Screen traffic remains responsive
– Printer Creation • No longer serial, improves logon time
• Feature Release 3 Features– SpeedScreen Browser Acceleration
• Initially supports MS Outlook v6.0 and IE v5.5 and later• Applications published in 16-bit Color Depth or higher• Dedicated VC sends images in native format instead of bitmap• Dedicated VC frees ThinWire to be more responsive to user input
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Optimizations• MetaFrame XP Presentation Server
– Throttle printer bandwidth– Remove unneeded mappings
• Local drives, printers
– IMA Architecture Design• Network diagram and traffic analysis are prerequisites• Data store to local host cache traffic
– Consider data store replication
• Zones
– Eliminate UDP broadcasts• Use TCP/IP+HTTP to communicate using Citrix XML
Service• MetaFrame Secure Access Manager + Presentation Server
by default does not rely upon UDP broadcasts
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Optimizations• Citrix ICA Client
– Use latest version• Updateable through web interface or Auto Client Update• Apply consistent client software
– Audio• Adds 16Kbps (Low) to 1.3Mbps (High) to session
– Video resolution and colors• Are millions of colors needed for application set?
– Client settings• Use data compression
– Maximum data compression can be set within .ICA file• Use disk cache for bitmaps• Queue mouse movements and keystrokes
– Reduces number of small packets (<64 bytes) sent to server– Discards intermediate mouse packet, uses single larger packet
• Use SpeedScreen Latency Reduction• For High Latency links >500ms consider reducing the maximum
TCP packet size
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Optimizations• Windows Server configuration
– Network interface cards• Manually configure 100Mbps/Full Duplex • Review LAN bandwidth needs• Teaming is recommended• Multi-homing is not recommended
– Review network protocols• SPX/IPX, SNA, etc. from the client device may no
longer be necessary• Verify binding order of protocols
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Optimizations• Profiles
– Mandatory, roaming, and locally cached– Roaming may cause issues with over-writing– Size impacts login time
• GPO’s– Reduce cursor blink rate– Adjust MenuShowDelay– Turn Off automated spell check in MS Office– Turn Off animated help wizard– Many others listed in whitepapers
• Login scripts– WSH can improve speed; security concerns addressed with signing
• Configure signature verification via server Registry entry• Use “Scripting.Signer” object in WSH scripts
• Authentication process– FSMO, sites, name resolution, and GPO’s– User Authentication delays cause user perception issues– Ensure Terminal Services License Server is identified properly
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Bandwidth Management• Cisco
– Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR)• Currently not recommended
– Requires session sharing to be disabled (user logon would occur every time a user launches a published application)
– Only Seamless published applications, not published desktops– Common Queuing Options
• Custom Queuing has been implemented very successfully• New Queuing options: low-latency and class-based WFQ
• Hardware QoS Devices– Utilize Citrix ICA Priority Packet Tagging– Vendor examples: Sitara, Packeteer, Peribit
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TestingTesting
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WAN Testing• Procedures
– Repeatable steps that allow verification of results
• Analysis tools• Networking equipment
– Latency generators– Routers with serial interfaces– Switches
• Infrastructure equipment– MetaFrame XP Presentation Servers– Client devices (laptops, thin clients, desktops)
Equipment should ideally be identical to production.
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SummarySummary
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Summary• Analyze & understand your environment
before optimizing– Plethora of analysis tools available
• Many design and optimizations available– Keep your environment current– Only a small subset were covered– Provided references have lots of detail!
• Test the optimizations before implementing
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References• Citrix White Papers
– Optimizing Citrix Technology for Operation over Wireless Wide Area Networks
– Networking Issues Affecting Citrix MetaFrame Environments
– Citrix ICA Priority Packet Tagging– ICA Client Bandwidth Analysis– MetaFrame Advanced Concepts Guide
• Citrix Server SDK 2.2– Citrix Session Monitoring and Control
• Whitepaper on SMC and C+ Example
• Multi Router Traffic Grapher
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Questions?Questions?Thank You!Thank You!