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Ϫj tH¡»š Ú©l fhy jhkj¤J¡fhd f h u z « v J Î « Tw¥gléšiy. Ϫj mrhjhuzkhd k‰W« äf Ú©l fhy jhkj¤Â‹ fhuzkhf kDjhu®fŸ äf¡ fLikahf¥ gh¡f¥g£LŸsd®. f U i z k D Û J v ¤ j i f a KobtL¡f¥gL« vd¤ bjçahkš Áiwæš x›bthU ehS« kd ßÂæyhd Á¤Âutij¡F mt®fŸ Msh»æU¡»wh®fŸ.

vdnt, fUiz kD¡fë‹ ÛJ K o Î v L ¡ f h k š , ä f Ú © l fhyjhkj« brŒjjhš, j§fë‹ j©lidia¡ Fiw¡FkhW tèÍW¤j kDjhu®fS¡F cçik cŸsJ.

kDjhu®fë‹ nfhç¡ifæš mo¥gil KfhªÂu« cŸsJ. Mfnt, kDjhu®fS¡F é¡f¥g£l ö¡F j©lid¡F ÚÂk‹w« jil é¡f nt©L«” v‹W mt® th£lh®.

ngu¿ths‹ rh®Ãš M#uhd tH¡f¿P® fhè‹° f‹rhšt°, “fUiz kD¡fŸ ÛJ KobtL¡f Ï›tsÎ Ú©l M©Lfis vL¤J¡ bfh©lJ r£l eilKiwfë‹go

jtwhdjhF«. vdnt fUiz kD¡fë‹ ÛJ KobtL¡f fhyjhkj« V‰g£LŸsij¡ f U ¤  š b f h © L , Ï ª j t H ¡ » Y « kDjhu®fë‹ j©lidia¡ Fiw¡f nt©L«” v‹W th£lh®.

Ϫj thj§fis¡ nf£l ÃwF ÚÂgÂfŸ Ãw¥Ã¤j c¤juéš, “fUiz kD¡fë‹ ÛJ KobtL¡f 11 M©LfŸ 4 khj§fŸ vd äf Ú©l fhyjhkj« Mdjhš j©lidia¡ Fiw¡f nt©L« v‹gnj kDjhu®fë‹

Ãujhd nfhç¡ifahf cŸsJ. Ϫj¥ Ãu¢ridæš r£l EQ¡f§fŸ bjhl®ghd Áy nfŸéfŸ vG¥g¥g£LŸsd.

vdnt, Ϫj kD¡fŸ érhuiz¡F V‰W¡ bfhŸs¥gL»‹wd. kDjhu®fŸ 3 ngU¡F« ö¡F j©lidia ãiwnt‰w Ïil¡fhy¤ jil é¡f¥gL»wJ. Ϫj kD¡fŸ bjhl®ghf k¤Âa, khãy muRfŸ 8 thu§fS¡FŸ gš kD¡fis¤ jh¡fš b r Œ a n t © L « ” v ‹ W Ú Â g  f Ÿ c¤jué£ld®.

twï \Âï¹[ cðì¡ïÓÂzD >twïÝ]_ cá ¶«EB_ ïâEï¹[ ïòÝmïÓÂzD \]©Ã¹ÂzD kçïl_ ÄVÍ>[, xòï[, ¼Ã«¤kVá[ gþ¼BVö[ ïòçð \ÐÂïçá \®ÃZEéçª ØÄFm ¶kìï¹[ \«ð >õ¦çªçB g¥ >õ¦çªBVï zçÅÂï å¦k½Âçï |Âï ¼kõ|D [® z½B«·Ý >çékç«Ý >twï Ä⦩ ¼Ã«çk ko¥®Ý]Â

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¶ç\©AïÓD >twï x>_kì ØÛBéo>Vçk \ª>V«© ÃV«Vâ½ å[¤ Ø>ösÝ>ªì. åVxD >twï x>_kòÂz >taªÝ][ ÄVì_ å[¤ Ø>ösÝmÂØïVþ¼ÅVD. ¶¼>¼kçál_ #Âz >õ¦çªçB «Ým ØÄFB ¶ç\ßÄ«çk íâ¦Ý]_ yì\VªD Wçżku¤ \VWé gÓåòÂz ¶Ð© çkÂï ¼kõ|Ø\[Å ¼ïVöÂçïçB¥D >twï x>_kì Wçżku¤¦ ¼kõ|Ø\ª ¼kõ|¼ïV çkÂþ¼ÅVD.

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Rik¤ jhaf« rh®Ãš, “rk¢Ó® fšé: mL¤jJ v‹d” v‹w jiy¥Ãš br‹id r®.ão. Âahfuha® m u § » š 2 5 . 8 . 2 0 1 1 m‹W fU¤ju§f« eilbg‰wJ. Ïš ÃV.\.ï. W®kªì \òÝmkì r. ÏuhkjhR ngÁanghJ, rk¢Ó® f š é æ š b t ‰ ¿ b g ‰ ¿ U ¡ » n w h « . rk¢Ó® fšé F¿¤J c ¢ r Ú Â k ‹ w « m ë ¤ J Ÿ s Ô ® ¥ à š F ¿ ¥ à £ o U ¡ F « K ¡ » a ¡ f U ¤ J f i s murh§f« eilKiw¥gL¤j nt©L«.

FHªijfS¡F jhŒbkhêæš, jäœ têæš ghl« el¤j nt©L«. bk£ç¡ gŸëfŸ el¤j mDk bgWtJ vëikah¡f¥gL« vd muR m¿é¤JŸsJ rçahd Kiw Ïšiy.

Á.Ã.v°.Á. ghl¤Â£l¤Âš g¤jh« tF¥ò tiu go¡F« khzt®fŸ, 11 k‰W« 12 -« tF¥òfëš khãy¡ fšé Kiwæš go¡f t U t i j m D k  ¡ f ¡ T l h J . Ï j ‰ F cldoahf¢ r£l« bfh©L tu nt©L«. fšé F¿¤j mÂfhu§fŸ bghJ¥g£oaèš ÏUªJ khãy¥ g£oaY¡F kh‰w¥bgw nt©L«. gŸë¡ fšé¤ Jiw¡F v‹W jå¡ ifnaL Ïšiy v‹gJ tUªj¤j¡fJ. éiuéš ifnaL btëæl nt©L« v‹wh® \òÝmkì r. ÏuhkjhR.

K‹dhŸ Jizntªj® r. K¤J¡Fku‹ “midtU¡F« fšé tH§f nt©L«. jukhd fšé v‹gJ khzt® thG« gFÂæš cŸst‰iw¥g‰¿ f‰W¡ bfhL¥gjhf¤jh‹ ÏU¡f nt©L«. bkhê, mªj bkhêæ‹ Ïy¡»a«, bghUÇ£Ltj‰fhd go¥ò,

ÏJjh‹ fšéæš K¡»a«. Ïij tH§Ftnj jukhd fšéahf ÏU¡f KoÍ«” v‹wh®.

K‹dhŸ Jizntªj® é. trªÂnjé “fšéia mo¥gil cçikah¡» 2009M« M©L r£l« Ïa‰w¥g£lJ. fšéjh‹ äf K¡»akhd MÍj«. fšé¡fhd ã xJ¡ÑL äfΫ Fiwthf ÏU¡»wJ. Ï¥nghJ 14 rjÅj¤Â‰F« Fiwthf¤jh‹ xJ¡ÑL brŒa¥gL»wJ. vdnt mÂf ã xJ¡ÑL brŒa nt©L«” v‹wh®.

fšéahs® v°.v°.uh#nfhghš “fšéæ‹ ju« v‹gJ ghl¥ò¤jf¤Âš Ïšiy. brhšè¤ jU« MÁça®fŸ ifæšjh‹ ÏU¡»wJ. gF¤jhŒÎ brŒÍ« Âw‹, ÁªÂ¡F« Âw‹, KobtL¡F« Âw‹, kåjnea¥ g©òfŸ, bjhl®ªJ f‰F« nt£if Ïit IªijÍ« khzt®fS¡F V‰gL¤j nt©L«. Ïj‹ _ynk jukhd fšéia tH§f KoÍ«” v‹wh®.

gRik¤ jhaf« jiyt® brsäah m‹òkâ fU¤ju§»‰F¤ jiyik jh§»dh®. gh.k.f. jiyt® nfh.f.kâ, tH¡FiuP® nf.ghY cŸgl gy® g§nf‰wd®. gRik¤ jhaf« ØÄBéVáì ¶ò å[¤ í¤ªVì.

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1. Îò z¤©â¦ Ö¦Ý]_ sBVÃV«Ýç> å¦Ýmk>uz cöç\ Ö_çé. ØÃVmåéM_ ¶ÂïçÅ ØïVõ¦ ¶«· WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV|ïçá s]ÂïéVD. >z] kVFÍ> ¶«· ¶]ïVöï WBVB\Vª Îò Ö¦Ýç> WìðlÝm ¼ÃòÍm W®Ý>Ý]uïVª Wwuzç¦çB ¶ç\Âï ¶Ð\]B¹Âï cöç\ cõ| [® ½. Ö©«VND �]ì�kâ¦V«© ¼ÃVÂzk«Ým ¶]ïVö (°.n.gì. 1983 ü.E. 79) ÐD kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ]\[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ý>m. z¤©â¦ Ö¦Ý]_>V[ ]ç«B«ºzïçá ¶ç\Âï ¼kõ|Ø\[® gçðl¦ ¶ÝmçÅ ¶]ïVöïÓÂz cöç\ cõ| [® «V[ óìéV_÷�]ì�kòkVFmçÅ ½sEª_ gçðBVáì (°.n.gì. 1960 ÎöÄV 88) [Å kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ]\[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ý>m. ¼\KD \mÃVªÂ ïç¦ïçá xÂþB\Vï z¤©â¦ Ö¦Ý]_>V[ å¦Ý> ¼kõ|Ø\[® ïâ|©ÃVâç¦ s]Âï ¶«·Âz x¿ cöç\ cõ| [® íkì÷�]ì�·ºïkö gçðBVáì (°.n.gì 1954 ü.E. 220) ÐD kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ]\[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ý>m.

2. Îò z¤©â¦ Ø>Vao_ Ø>VaéVáìïÓÂz zçÅÍ>ÃâÄ »]BÝç> WìðBD ØÄFB ¶«·Âz zçÅÍ>ÃâÄ »]B Äâ¦D (The Minimum Wages Act) ¶]ïV«D ¶¹Ýmám. ÛVF ÃòÝ] ØåÄkVçéï oâ.,�]ì�¶ë*ì \VWéD (°.n.gì. 1955 ü.E. 33) [Å kwÂþ_ Ä«Ým 19 (1) ()�n *¤B>VzD [® zçÅÍ>ÃâÄ »]B Äâ¦Ý][ ØÄ_KÍ ]Åçª sªV ¿©Bm. åVïZï\ç¦Í> káìÍ> åV|ï í¦ ØÃöB ¶ás_ ¼kçél_éVÝ ]õ¦Vâ¦Ýç> ]ìØïVþÅm. Ø>VaéVáìï ÃE©èçB ¼ÃVÂþ ØïVk>uïVï, ¶>Vkm >[ klu®© çw©uïVï tï zçÅÍ> ÄDÃáÝ]uzÂí¦ kòD sòDÃÝ>ïV> WﵡïÓD å¦Âþ[Ū. ØÃVm åéM_ ¶ÂïçÅ¥á ¶«· sBìçkß EÍmD Ø>VaéVáìï¹[ ÖÝ>çïB ¶kéWçéÂzöB »]BD Øîkç>Ý >|Âï zçÅÍ> ÃâÄ »]B WìðBß Äâ¦Ý]uz ØïV|Ý> ¶]ïV«D Îò å_é ¶«E[ ØïVçï x½kVzD [® cßÄÀ]\[ÅD R.

RM¼ÄVl�]ì�¼ï«á \VWéD (°.n.gì. 1962 ü.E. 12) [Å kwÂþ_ yì©Ã¹Ý>m.

3. ïç¦ïÓD, W®kªºïÓD kV«Ý]_ Îò åVçáÂz J½ ÖòÂï ¼kõ|Ø\ª ÃÞÄV© kìÝ>ï Ø>VaéVáì Äâ¦D 1949, WÃÍ>çª s]Ý>m. \¼ªVïìéV_ �]ì� ÃÞÄV© \VWéD (°.n.gì. 1961 ü.E. 418) [Å kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ]\[ÅD ÖÍ> WÃÍ>çª WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV|ï >V[ [® °u®Â ØïVõ¦m. ÖßÄâ¦Ý][ ¼åVÂïD BVØ>M_ Ø>VaéVáìïÓç¦B g¼«VÂþBÝ ç>¥D ]Åç\çB¥D ¼\DÃ|Ýmk>VzD. \Ð>V«ì >V¼ª sBVÃV«D ØÄFm ØïVõ½òÍ>>VKD ¼kçéÂz kç«¥D çkÝm ØïVáV>>VKD ÖßÄâ¦D ¶kòÂz ØÃVòÍ>Vm [® í¤ À]\[ÅD >Óý ØÄF>m. Öç>© ¼ÃV[¼Å cÝ]« «¼>Ä \VWéD �]ì� Ãü½ ÄìÂïç« gçéï (°.n.gì. 1961 ü.E. 420) [Å kwÂþ_ ØÃVm\Âï¹[ *má ¶ÂïçÅl_ WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV|ïçá s]Ý]òÍ>V_ ØÄ_éÝ>Âï

Äâ¦Ýç> W®k x½¥D. cçw©ÃV¹ï¹[ õðºïçá ¼\DÃ|ÝmD WÃÍ>çª ÖòÂz\VªV_ \VWé ¶«·ï Ø>VaéVáìï¹[ ï¦Í> ïVéÝmÂzD ¼\Ù]BD ØÃÅ cöç\ cõ| [Å WÃÍ>窥¦[ Äâ¦Ýç> ÖBuÅ x½¥D.

4. Í>ØkVò Ø>Va¼éV, sBVÃV«¼\V ¶_ém kèï¼\V ØÄFB sòDAD Îò z½\ïÐÂz cö\D Øîk>uïVï

s]Âï©Ã|D ïâ¦ðD WBVB\uÅ ïâ|©ÃV|ï gïVm. gªV_ cö\D ¶¹©Ã>uïVï s]Âï©Ã|D WÃÍ>çª WBVB\Vª>Vï ÖòÂï ¼kõ|D. ݼ>ßçÄBVª ¶]ïV«D cö\D kwºzD ¶]ïVöïÓÂz ØïV|Âï©Ã¦Â í¦Vm. ÖËkV® cö\¼\V ¶_ém ¶Ð\]¼BV Øîk>uïVï kóoÂï©Ã|D ïâ¦ðD WBVB\uÅ>VïVm. cö\D kwºzk>uïVï kóoÂï©Ã|D ïâ¦ðD, WBVB\uÅ WÃÍ>窥D Ö_çé, kös]©AD Ö_çé [® «VD ÃÂü Äâ|ìAë �]ì� «VÛü>V[ \VWéD (°.n.gì. 1963 ü.E. 851) [Å kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ]\[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ý>m.

WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV|ïÓÂz |ÝmÂïVâ|ï

9ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

>uØÃV¿m å_é xçÅl_ ÖBºzD ¶öE gçé ¶]Ãìï, ¶öE gçé Ø>Vaçéß ØÄFk>uz ¼kõ½ cö\D Øîk>uïVï cö\D >òD ¶]ïVö﹦D sõðÂï ¼kõ|D. ö¡ 6Ö[ ý ¶öE gçé å¦Ýmk>uïVï ¶]ïVö﹦D ¶Ð\] ¼ïâ| \Ð ØÄFB kçï ØÄFkm sòDB sBVÃV«Ýç> å¦ÝmD ¶½©Ãç¦ cöç\çB xu¤KD ¶a©Ã>Vï cáØ>ª \Ð>V«ìï >ºï \Ðs_ í¤lòÍ>ªì. cBìÀ]\[ÅD ÄÍ>«ïVÍÝ ÄVïV �]ì� ÖÍ]B ¶«· (°.n.gì. 1979 ü.E. 314) [Å kwÂþ_ ÖßÄâ¦Ý][ ö¡ï 5,6 x¿kmD οºzÃ|ÝmD >[ç\ ØïVõ¦çk [®D, ØÃVmåéM_ ¶ÂïçÅ ØïVõ¦çk [®D, ¶öE cuÃÝ]çB ØÃòÂz>_, ÃVmïVÝ>_ ¼ÃV[Å ¶Dĺïçá© ØÃuÅçk [®D yì©Ã¹Ý>m. ¼\KD ÖÝ>çïB ïâ|©ÃV|, sBVÃV«D \u®D kèïÝ][ *m s]Âï©Ã⦠WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV| [® yì©Ã¹Ý>m. ÖÍ>ß Äâ¦D, cö\D kwºzD ¶]ïVöïÓÂz cö\D kwºzD ¶_ém \®ÂzD >[ sò©Aöç\çB ¶¹Âïs_çé. cö\D kwºzD ¶]ïVö ö¡ 6 (3)Ö[ý cö\D kwºï ÖßÄâ¦Ý>V_ s]Âï©Ã⦠WÃÍ>çªïçá ìÝ] ØÄFmáVìïáV? [® ïõïVè©Ãm ïâ¦VB\VzD (Mandatory). Ö©ös_ ‘‘Shall’’ [Å kVìÝç> ¼ÄìÂï© Ãâ½ò©Ã]oòÍm ¶]ïVöï¹[ ï¦ç\ Ø>¹kVþÅm. ÖßÄâ¦Ý][ ö¡ 7Ö[ ý cö\D kwºþB ¶]ïVö, cö\D kwºþB [ªì, cö\Ýç> \®Ý>¹ÂïéVD ¶_ém >uïVoï\Vï «Ým ØÄFBéVD. gªV_ cö\D ØÃuÅkòÂz °[ cö\Ýç> «Ým ØÄFB í¦Vm [® ïV«ðD ¼ïâ| ¶¤sÂçï ¶Ð©, sáÂïD ¶¹Âï >Âï kVF©Ã¹Ý> [ª¼« cö\Ýç> «Ým ØÄFB ¼kõ|D. ÖßÄâ¦Ý][ kçïBºï cö\D >òD ¶]ïVöïÓÂz, ¶]ïV«Ýç> ØÄKÝmk>uz ¼ÃVm\Vª kaxçÅïçá ØïVõ|ám [®D cßÄÀ]\[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ýmám.

9. ïâþ ¶ï\m �]ì� Ù] åï«VâE (°.n.gì. 1979 ü.E. 418) [Å kwÂþ_ \Ð>V«òÂz åï«VâEl[ mçð s]l[ý \VtÄ ïç¦ çk©Ã>uz ¶Ð\] \®Âï©Ãâ¦m. åï«VâEl[ mçð s]©Ã½ (Bye-Law) cö\Ýç> kwºï¡D ¶_ém \®Âï¡D ¶]ïV«D ¶¹Âï©Ãâ½òÍ>m. °uØ謁k JkòÂz \VtÄ ïç¦ï å¦Ý> cö\D kwºï©Ãâ¦>V_ ¶>çªÂ ïV«ð\Vï ïVâ½, åV[ïVk>Vª \Ð>V«òÂzcö\D \®Âï©Ãâ¦m. ÖÍ> \VtÄ ïç¦ï å¦Ý> °uØ謁k cö\D

ØÃuÅ J[® åÃìï¹_ Îòkì \Ð>V«ö[ >Íç>BVkVì. ÖßE¤B åï«VâEl_ åV_kòÂz cö\D ØïV|Âï ]â¦t¦ x½BV>, ¼>çkBuÅ Wçél_ åï«VâE WìkVïD cám. cjì \Âï¹[ gµÍ> cðìßEïçá ïò]¥D, Ö®]l_ Äâ¦D οºz© «ßÄçªlªVKD,

5. Eé åÃìïÓÂz «Ý¼Bï cöç\ïçá còkVÂz>_ [Ãm WBVB\uÅ>VïVm. ÖËkV® íkì÷ �]ì� yìçkBVçðBVáì (°.n.gì. 1954 ü.E. 220) [Å kwÂþ_ \m suzD EéòÂz ÄV>ï\Vï «Ý¼Bï cöç\ kwºþBm ØÄ_éÝ>ÂïØ>ª cßÄÀ]\[ÅD ¶¤sÝ>m. ¼ÃVç>Râ|D \mÃVª kçïïçá suÃm, ÎËØkVò z½\ïªVKD Í>ØkVò Ø>Vaçé¥D ¶½©Ãç¦ cöç\BVï ¼ïV« x½BVm. \m suÃçªçB >sìÝ>KD ÀÂz>KD ¶«EÐç¦B cáVìÍ> ¶]ïV«\VzD.

6. >|Ý>_ (Prohibition) [Å kVìÝç> ïâ|©ÃV|ï (Restriction) [Å kVìÝç>l_ ¶¦ºzD. 弫Í]« z\Vì �]ì� ÖÍ]B ¶«· (°.n.gì. 1960 ü.E. 430) [Å kwÂþ_ 1958gD gõ| ÖòDA ïés_éV c¼éVï cÝ>«kVªm (The Non-Ferrous Metal Order) ØÃVm\Âï¹[ åé[ ïò]¼B >Vt«D ÖÅÂz\] ØÄFm suzD kèïìïçá x¿ç\BVï >sìÝm sâ¦m. \mséÂz [Ãm ÎòkçïBVª ïâ|© ÃV¦VïÝ>V[ ÖòÍ>m [®D, WBVB\Vª ¼ÄV>çªÝ >[ç\çB ]ò©] Ã|Ý]ªV_ \â|¼\ ¶ç> Îò ïâ|©ÃV¦Vï °uï ÖBKD [® À]\[ÅD ¶¤sÝ>m.

7. cÝ>««¼>Ä ¶«·, 1964gD gõ| cÝ]«© «¼>Ä þö câæ[ \õ½ g]WBD (U.P. Krishi

Utpadan Mandi Adhiniyam Act, 1964) [Å Ä⦩ ý¥D, 1970gD gõ| ]òÝ>©Ã⦠Äâ¦Ý][ý¥D cÝ>«¡ Î[çÅ kwºþBm. ¶Ë¡Ý>«s[ý skÄVlï¹[ sçá ØÃVòâïçá ÄÍç>Âz ØïVõ| ØÄ_KDØÃV¿m Öò©_ çkÝm ØïVÓD kÄ]ïçá ¶¹Ý>m WBVB\uÅ ïâ|©ÃV|ïáVï gïVm [® sib >BV �]ì� cÝ]«© «¼>Ä \VWéD (°.n.gì. 1974 ü.E. 1489) [Å kwÂþ_ cßÄÀ] \[ÅD yì©Ã¹Ý>m. ÖßÄ⦠s] suÃçªl[ s>Ýç> kç«BçÅ ØÄF>m. c>V«ð\Vï °éD s|>_. ¶>Vkm ØÃVm °é xçÅBV_ >MBVì suÃçª xçÅÂz ÃVmïV©A í®þÅm. °é suÃçª xçÅ Îò EÅÍ> xçÅBVï¡D, Ö>ªV_ cuÃÝ]BVáìï¹[ åé[ïò] °uÃ⦠Äâ¦D ¶kìï¹[ sçá ØÃVòÓÂz å_é sçé þç¦Âï Îò ÄÍ>ì©ÃD gzD.

8. 1958gD gõ| ¶öE gçéÝ Ø>Va_ οºz Ã|Ým>_ Äâ¦D [The Rice Milling Industry (Regulation) Act, 1958] \u®D 1968gD gõ| ]òÝ>©Ã⦠Äâ¦Ý][ ý¥D >u¼ÃVmá ¶öE gçé cöç\BVáìï ¶öE ctçB ÀÂï A]B cö\D ØÃÅ \Ð ØÄF>m. ö¡ 5Ö[ý A]B ¶_ém ØÄBowÍ> ¶öE gçél[ ¶Ð\] Øîk>uz kçï ØÄFþÅm. ö¡ 6Ö[ý

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10. cÝ]«© «¼>Ä \VWéD ¶¤sÂçï Î[çÅ ïòDA (ïâ|©ÃV|) cÝ>«s[ý (Sugar Cane [Control] Order) kwºþBm. Økçáß ÄìÂïç«l[ cuÃÝ]çB ¶]ïö©Ã>uïVï ÄV® a¥D ïVõâÄVöçB ÄV® ak]oòÍm aBV\_ >|Ým cuÃÝ]çB W®Ý]Bm. ª¼k Økçáß ÄìÂïç« cuÃÝ] ¶]ïás_ cõ¦VªV_ Oïì¼kVòÂz WBVB\Vª sçél_ þ禩Ãç> ØÃVm\Âï åé[ ïò] ÄV® aÃkìï *m s]Âï©Ã|D ïâ|©ÃV|ï ØÄ_éÝ>Âïçk ª ïVõâÄVö �]ì� cÝ]«© «¼>Ä \VWé ¶«· (°.n.gì. 1981 ü.E. 873) [Å kwÂþ_ cßÄ À]\[ÅD yì\VMÝ>m.

11. æMkVÄV ØÛª«_ ½¼«¦ìü �]ì� cÝ]« «¼>Ä \VWéD (1983) ü.E.E. 354 [Å kwÂþ_ 1961gD gõ| (¼káVõ sçáØÃVòâï \u®D ïV_åç¦) ÄÍç> Äâ¦Ýç>¥D U.P. (Agricultural Produce and Livestock) Markets Act, 1966 \u®D ¶>[ s]xçÅl[ ØÄ_KÍ ]Åçª sªV ¿©ªVìï. ÖßÄâ¦Ý]_ s]Âï©Ã⦠ïâ|©ÃV|ï ¶«EBéç\©Aß Äâ¦D Ä«Ým 19 (6)Ö[ý¥D WBVB\Vª ïâ|©ÃV|ï ª¡D, Ä«Ým 19 (1) ()�l[ ý Í>Ý Ø>Vaçé¥D, kìÝ>ïD ¶_ém sBVÃV«D ç>¥D ØÄFk>uzD cá cöç\çB *¤B>VïVm [® í¤ ¼\uÃ½ß Äâ¦Ýç> ØÄ_KýBVÂþBm. cuÃÝ]BVáìïÓÂz cuÃÝ] ØÃVòÓÂz å_é sçé þç¦ÂzD ØÃVòâ|D Öç¦Ý >«ïìïçá ÀÂþ sâ| ¼å«½ ØïVx>_ ØÄFB οºz xçÅ suÃçªÂ í¦D ¶ç\Âï¡D cá °uÃVâ½_ z½\ÂïÓÂz WBVB\uÅ ïâ|©ÃV|ïçá sBVÃV«D ØÄF¥D cöç\l[ *m s]©Ã>Vï ØÄV_é x½BVm.

12. 1949 gD gõ| ÃDÃVF A¼«VØk[EB_ xMEÃ_ ïVì©Ã¼«Ä[ Äâ¦D ö¡ 466 (1) (½) ()�l[ý WçéBVçð Î[çÅ åï«VâE WìkVïD kwºþBm. WçéBVçðl[ý {ì gõ½_ 7 åVâï clìÃo ØïV|©Ãç> W®Ý]Bm. WìkV[ ]ªD, \ïVÝ\V ïVÍ] E«VìÝ> åV, «V\ì, þòið[, ØÛl[ ÄDkâÄö, \ïVTì gþ¼BVì

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eh£L¡F RjªÂu« th§» 5 M©LfŸ k£Lnk Xo ÏUªj neu« mJ.br‹id vG«óçš ÏUªJ tH¡f« nghš khiyæš òw¥g£l, Ï©nlh- Ányh‹ v¡°Ãu° uæš jDZnfhoia neh¡» éiuªJ bfh©oUªjJ. “ngh£ bkæš” v‹wiH¡f¥g£l mªj uæšjh‹ m‹iw¡F ϪÂahΡF« Ïy§if¡F« Ïilna äf¥ bgça ngh¡Ftu¤J rhjd«. jDZnfho tiu Ϫj bkæèš bršY« k¡fŸ , m§»UªJ ngh£ (glF) _y« Ïy§ifæ‹ jiyk‹dhU¡F¢ bršth®fŸ.

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V‰w¥g£lJ Ϫj bg£o… . ?” érhuiz bjhl§»aJ. brŒÂ bkšy guéaJ.

mnj ehŸ fhiyæš br‹idæèUªJ btëahd ïªJ ehëjêš ”CITY BUSINESSMAN

MISSING!”v‹w jiy¥Ãš brŒÂ x‹W btëah» ÏUªjJ. btŸis¡fhu‹ fhy¤Âš ϪÂa uhQt¤Â‹ Mto Ãçéš gâah‰¿, XŒÎ bg‰w Mstªjh® jh‹ fhzhkš nghd mªj eg®. uhQt¤Âš ÏUªj tªj ÃwF ghß° fh®dçš jkJ cwéduhd F‹d‹ br£oahç‹

gákÍ>Vì ØïVçé kwÂzgákÍ>Vì ØïVçé kwÂzk«éVu¤_ Ö¦DØÃuÅ kwÂzï - 2 1952

ngdh¡ fil (b#«&nfh v‹w bgaçš mªj fil Ï‹iw¡F« ÏU¡»wJ) thrèš Ïl« à o ¤ J à s h ° o ¡ é a h g h u « b r Œ J tªjh®.ifahŸtj‰F vëikahd Ãsh°o¡ bghU£fŸ m¿Kfkh» tunt‰ig¥ bg‰¿Uªj fhy«. ngdh éahghu¤Âš òfœ bg‰¿Uªj

b#«&nfh-ΡF tUgt®fŸ Ãsh°o¡ bghU£fisÍ« th§»dh®fŸ. ehsiléš, jtiz¡F òlitfis é‰fΫ bjhl§»dh® Mstªjh®. óita® T£l« mtiu bkhŒ¤jJ.

Ïšiy, Ïšiy… Ï¥go bkhŒ¡f¥gl nt©L« v‹gj‰fhfnt òlit éahghu¤ij¡ ifæbyL¤ÂUªjh® .

Ï u © L Á W t ® f S ¡ F j ª i j a h d MstªjhU¡F bg©fŸ éõa¤Âš msΡF mÂfkhd eh£l«. ehbshU gH¡f«: bghG bjhU bfh©lh£lkhf Xo¡ bfh©oUªjJ thœ¡if.

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fhiyæš fil¡F¥ nghd Mstªjh® ÅL  U « g é š i y . n j o ¥ n g h d k i d é ¡ F Égfèš mt®, e©g® xUtiu¥ gh®¡f uhaòu¤Â‰F¢ br‹w jftš »il¤jJ.

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bga®-njt». nfushit¢ nr®ªj Ïs«bg©. njo¥Ão¤J m§nf nghd Mstªjhç‹ kidé¡F Vkh‰wnk äŠÁaJ. “m¥go ahU« tuéšiy” v‹wh® njt»æ‹ fzt® Ãughfu nkd‹. neuhf b#«&nfh F‹d‹ br£oahiu br‹W gh®¤jh®. mt® v°Ãsnd£oš cŸs r£l¡ fšÿç fhtš ãiya¤Âš òfh® bfhL¤jh®. ÏJ jh‹ mL¤j ehŸ ïªJ éš brŒÂahf tªjJ.

mnj neu¤Âš, khdhkJiuæèUªJ kJiu¡F tªj cliy¥ g‰¿ MŒÎ elªjJ. k®k cW¥Ãš R‹d¤ brŒa¥g£oUªjJ. fhšfëš g¢ir t©z rh¡° ÏUªjJ.clY« f£L¡Fiyahkš ÏUªjJ. K°Ä«fŸ k£Lnk brŒJ bfhŸS« R‹d¤: mt®fS¡F¥ Ão¤j g¢ir. m¥òwbk‹d..? bfhšy¥g£lt® 25 taJ k¡f¤j¡f Ï°yhäa ÏisP® v‹w KoΡF tªjJ kJiu fhtšJiw.

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nghdh®fŸ.ó£Ljh‹ tunt‰wJ. m¡f« g¡f¤Âš érhç¤jh®fŸ.rçahd jftš Ïšiy.

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br‹id kU¤Jt¡fšÿçæ‹ jla m¿éaš Jiw ãòz® lh¡l®. Á.Ã. nfhghy»UZz‹ cliy MŒÎ brŒjh®. m‹iw¡F ϪÂa mséš òfœ bg‰¿Uªj ÏtuJ KoÎ jh‹ , Ϫj tH¡»‹ K ¡ » a ò Ÿ ë a h f m i k ª j J . j i y i a Í « cliyÍ« bghU¤Âdhš fd f¢Ájkhf x‹W nr®ªjd. cliy k£L« it¤J kJiuæš vL¡f¥g£l KoÎ jtW v‹gJ bjëthdJ.42 Kjš 45 taJŸstç‹ clš vd kU¤Jt M j h u § f S l ‹ m ¿ é ¤ j h ® l h ¡ l ® .MstªjhU¡F m¥nghJ taJ 42. ÏUªjhY« Mstªjh® clš v‹gij mŒaä‹¿ ã%áf éU«Ãdh® lh¡l®.Á.Ã.í.

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Officer) gâæš ÏUªj Mstªjhç‹ Ïu©L if f£il éuš nuiffS« x¤J¥nghæd.

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Ô ® ¥ ò e h S « t ª j J . Ú Â k ‹ w ¤  š f£L¡fl§fhj k¡fŸ T£l«.njt»Í« Ãughfu nkdD« F‰wthëfŸ vd m¿é¤jJ eLt® FHh«. F‰wthëfŸ ,gh¡f¥g£lt®fŸ v‹W« Mstªjhiu¤ j©o¡fnt mtiu¡ bfh‹wh®fŸ vdΫ ÚÂg V.v°.à mŒa® Ô ® ¥ à š b j ç é ¤ j h ® . v d n t F i w t h d j © l i d t H § F t j h f T ¿ n j t » ¡ F _‹wh©LfŸ ÁiwÍ«, mtuJ fztD¡F VHh©LfŸ fL§fhtš j©lidÍ« é¤jh®. br‹idæš k¤Âa Áiwæš j©lidia mDgé¤j ÏUtU« ,Ëd® brhªj Cuhd nfushΡF¢ br‹W é£ld®.

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¼\KD, ¶«·Âz, ØïV|Âï ¼kõ½B Ô 4.10 ¼ïV½çB ¶Í> W®kªD ØÄKÝ>s_çé [®D ¶kì í¤¥áVì. ÖÍ>Ý >ïk_ï ¶çªÝmD >ïk_ØîD cöç\ß Äâ¦Ý][ÿµ ØÃÅ©Ã⦠>Vï¡D ¶>ª½©Ãç¦l_ kwÂz >VÂï_ ØÄF>>Vï¡D í¤¥áVì.

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14 ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

‹id lh¡l® m«ng¤f® r£l¥ gšfiy¡ fHf¤Âš “muÁaš rhrd r£l§fë‹ j‹ik” v‹w jiy¥Ãš fU¤ju§f« eilbg‰wJ. mš, c¢r ÚÂk‹w ÚÂg kh®f©nla f£#&, nghÄrh® Kjš jftš m¿¡if jh¡fš brŒaéšiy v‹whš ahçl« òfh® brŒtJ v‹gJngh‹w nfŸéfis khzt®fël« v G ¥ à d h ® . m j ‰ F khzt®fëläUªJ rçahd gš tuéšiy.

Ïij¤ bjhl®ªJ ngÁa mt® “ϪÂahéš cŸs r £ l ¡ f š é ä f Î « gHikahdjhf cŸsJ. mij kh‰W«go m»y ϪÂa gh® f΋Áš jiytçl« eh‹ T¿nd‹. Mdhš Ï‹D« m i j k h ‰ w é š i y . eilKiw¡F cjΫ tifæš go¥ò ÏU¡f nt©L«. ò¤jf¤ij it¤J¥ go¤J¤ nj®Î vGJ« fšé Kiw thœ¡if¡F cjthJ.

mbkç¡fhéš gy r£l Kfh«fŸ el¤j¥g£L, Ú k‹w¤Âš M#uhF« j F  i a c U t h ¡ » a à w n f k h z t ® f Ÿ f š ÿ ç æ š Ï U ª J b t ë n a W » ‹ w d ® . r £ l e i l K i w ¡ F ¤ n j i t a h d Á y mo¥gil éõa§fŸTl ϧFŸs r£l khzt®fS¡F¤ bjçaéšiy.

ekJ muÁaš rhrd r£l§fŸ b g U « g h Y « n k ‰ f ¤  a e h L f ë è U ª J Ï w ¡ F k  brŒa¥g£lit. kåj cçik¢ r£l§fis mbkç¡fhéš ÏUªJ vL¤J¡ bfh©nlh«.

kj¢rh®g‰w ehL v‹gjhš eh« ts®ªJ tU»nwh«. m¥goæUªJ«, 120 nfho k¡fŸ b j h i f b f h © l Ï ª  a h Î ¡ F I . e h . ghJfh¥ò¡ f΋Áèš ãuªju cW¥Ãd® m§Ñfhu« »il¡féšiy. Mdhš btW« 6

n f h o k ¡ f Ÿ b j h i f i a ¡ b f h © l ϧ»yhªJ, Ãuh‹° cŸë£l ehLfŸ I.eh. g h J f h ¥ ò ¡ f Î ‹ Á è š ã u ª j u cW¥Ãd®fshf cŸsd.

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kÂ¥gšiy. ehfçf« milªj ãiyænyh, äfΫ Ëj§»a ãiyænyh eh« Ïšiy. Ï j ‰ F Ï i l ã i y æ š ã ‹ W b f h © L ÏU¡»nwh«. tWikia xê¡f¤ bjhêš ts¤ij¥ bgU¡f nt©L«.

xUtiu¡ ifJ brŒa mt® Û J ã a h a k h d r ª n j f « ÏUªjhny nghJ« v‹w ãiy Ï U ¡ » w J . v ‹ f Î ‹ l ® é t f h u ¤  š n g h Ä r h U ¡ F m  f g £ r m  f h u « më¡f¥g£LŸsJ. mjdhš Ϫj m  f h u ¤ i j m t ® f Ÿ ntWéjkhf¤ ÂU¥g thŒ¥ò cŸsJ.

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mbkç¡fhéš gy r£l Kfh«fŸ el¤j¥g£L, ÚÂk‹w¤Âš

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nghÄrh mtiu¡ bfhiy brŒa mÂfhu« bgWtJ v¥go?

c¤ju¥ Ãunjr«, mçahdh ngh‹w Áy k h ã y § f ë š b f s u t ¡ b f h i y f Ÿ rhjhuzkhf eilbgW»‹wd. F¿¥ghf, fhjš ÂUkz« brŒJ bfhŸgt®fŸ ÛJ Ϫj¤ jh¡Fjš mÂfkhf eilbgW»wJ. b g ‰ n w h ® f S ¡ F ¡ f h j š  U k z « Ão¡féšiy v‹whš kfnd Ïšiy, kfns Ïšiy v‹W cwÎ Kiwfis bt£o¡ bfhŸsyh«. mijéL¤J, j§fsJ bfsut« nghŒ é£lnj v‹W bfhiy brŒtJ ãaha« Ïšiy.

vdnt Ϫj éõa¤ÂY« Ú¤Jiwæ‹ jiypL äf mtÁa«. bfsut¡ bfhiy brŒ»wtD« ö¡F nkil¡F¢ bršy nt©L« v‹w Ô®¥ò« tH§f¥g£LŸsJ. CHiy xê¡f v‹d brŒa nt©L«?.. . e h £ o š C H Y ¡ F v  u h d r £ l § f Ÿ ÏU¡»‹wd. mit xU g¡f« ÏUªjhY«, k¡fnsh jkJ FL«g« e‹whf ÏU¡f n t © L « v ‹ g j ‰ f h f C H i y e h o ¢ brš»‹wd®. xU fhyf£l¤Âš ca® ÚÂk‹w

® ÚÂgÂfŸ yŠr« th§Ftjhf¡ nfŸé¥glnt KoahJ. Mdhš Ï‹W mt®fŸ ÛJ« Ï¥go¥g£l F‰w¢rh£LfŸ tU»‹wd. vdnt eh£L k¡fŸ ahU« CHèš <Lglhj tifæyhd xU Nœãiyia cUth¡f nt©L«. vªj xU bg©Q« ghèaš bjhêY¡F éU«Ã tUtJ Ïšiy. FL«g tWikna Ïj‰F K¡»a¡ fhuzkhf mikªJéL»wJ. éê¥òz®Î _y«jh‹ Ïj‰F¤ ԮΠfhz KoÍ«.

tWikæ‹ fhuzkhf¥ ghèaš bjhêš, ÂU£L ngh‹wt‰¿š <LgLgt®fis é£Lél nt©L« v‹W Twéšiy. m t ® f ë ‹ j © l i d i a ¡ F i w ¤ J , bjhl®ªJ mt®fŸ mªj¤ bjhêšfëš <Lglhkš ÏU¡f¥ nghÂa éê¥òz®Î V‰gL¤j nt©L« v‹wh® c¢r ÚÂk‹w ÚÂg kh®f©nla f£#&.

Ϫj ãfœ¢Áæš r£l¥ gšfiy¡ fHf¤ J i z n t ª j ® é # a F k h ® , b r ‹ i d ca®ÚÂk‹w ÚÂgÂfŸ nf.v‹.ghõh, ghš trªjFkh®, gšfiy¡ fHf¥ gÂths® nfhghš cŸgl¥ gy® fyªJ bfh©ld®.

‰w elto¡if¡fhf ifJ brŒa¥g£lt® kht£l ÚÂk‹w§fis j鮤J é£L, ca® ÚÂk‹w¤Âš neuoahf #hÛ‹ kD jh¡fš brŒayhkh v‹w nfŸé vGªJŸsJ. ãy¥ g¿¥ò òfhçš K‹dhŸ mik¢r® Åugh©o MWKf« ifJ brŒa¥g£lh®. j‹id #hÛåš éLé¡f¡ nfhç neuoahf br‹id ca® ÚÂk‹w¤Âš kD jh¡fš brŒjh®. mªj k D Ú Â g  R j ª  u « K ‹ å i y æ š érhuiz¡F tªjJ.

F‰w tH¡Ffëš ifJ brŒa¥g£lt®fŸ Ú¤Jiw eLt® k‹w«, kht£l Kj‹ik mk®Î ÚÂk‹w§fëš #hÛ‹ kD jh¡fš brŒJ, mj‹ Ãwnf ca® ÚÂk‹w¤Âš kD jh¡fš brŒtJ v‹gJ ÏJtiu eil Kiwahf ÏUªJ tU»wJ. Mdhš, Ϫj

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FtH¡»š kDjhu® kht£l ÚÂk‹wmQfhkš neuoahf ca® ÚÂk‹w¤ij mQ»ÍŸsh®. Ϫj kD érhuiz¡F cfªjJjhdh v‹w nfŸé vGªJŸsJ. vdnt, ÏJ g‰¿ Ïu©L¡F« nk‰g£l ÚÂgÂfis¡ bfh©l KG mk®Î érhuiz el¤Â, cça Ko btL¡f jiyik ÚÂg¡F gçªJiu brŒa¥ gL»wJ v‹W ÚÂg RjªÂu« c¤jué£lh®.

Ö>çªÝ Ø>V¦ìÍm ÖË kwÂçï sÄVöÂï À]Ã]ï åVï©Ã[ ¼ï.[. ÃV­V, ÄÝ]B åV«VBð[ gþ¼BVç« WBtÝm kwÂçï sÄVöÂï cBìÀ]\[Å >çéç\ À]Ã] cÝ>«sâ¦Vì.

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16 ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

WÚuf§fŸ c Ÿ g l K ¡ » a cW¥òfŸ jhd¤Âš t ® ¤ j f ¤ i j ¤ jL¡F« tifæš Ï ª  a ® f ë ‹ c W ¥ ò f i s b t ë e h £ o d ® b g w Î « , b t ë e h £ o d ç ‹ c W ¥ ò f i s Ï ª  a ® f Ÿ b g W t j ‰ F k h d j i l é i u é š mkY¡F tU»wJ.

Ïj‰fhf clš cW¥ò jhd¤Âš r£l¤ ÂU¤j§fŸ b r Œ a ¥ g £ L , khãy§fsitæš ãiwnt¿ FoauR¤ j i y t ç ‹ x ¥ ò j Y ¡ F mD¥g¥g£LŸsJ v ‹ W k ¤  a Rfhjhu¤ Jiwæ‹ TLjš Ïa¡Fe® b#duš lh¡l® v‹.nf. bkhfªÂ T¿ÍŸsh®.

Ï¥nghJ clš cW¥ò kh‰W Á»¢ir¡fhd mDk tH§F« FGé‹ x¥òjYl‹ ϪÂaç‹ cW¥òfis btëeh£od® bg‰W kh‰W Á»¢ir brŒJ bfhŸS« ãiy cŸsJ. ÂU¤j¢ r£l« mkY¡F tªj ÃwF Ïj‰F¤ jil V‰gL«.

ϪÂahéš kåj cW¥òfŸ jhd« n j i t ¥ g L n t h U ¡ F « , m i j ¡ bfhL¥nghU¡F« Ïilna bgça Ïilbtë ÏU¡»wJ. ϪÂahéš ÁWÚuf¢ braèH¥ò fhuzkhf ÁWÚuf§fŸ njit¥gLnthç‹ v©â¡if M©L¡F 1.5 y£rkhf ÏU¡»wJ. Mdhš, M©L¡F 4,500 Kjš 5,500 ÁWÚuf§fŸ k£Lnk cwéd®fŸ _yK« jhdkhfΫ » i l ¤ J Á W Ú u f k h ‰ W Á » ¢ i r f Ÿ eilbgW»‹wd. Ïnj ngh‹W M©L¡F 50,000 ngU¡F¡ fšÄuš kh‰W Á»¢ir

njit¥gL»wJ. Mdhš, 400 ngU¡F k£Lnk fšÄuš kh‰W Á»¢ir eilbgW»wJ. bghJ k¡fël« clš cW¥ò jhd« F¿¤j éê¥òz®Î nghÂa msΡF Ïšyhjnj Ïj‰F K¡»a¡ fhuzkhF«.

Ϫj ãiyæš ehlhSk‹w¤Âš flªj _‹wiu M©L¡fhy éçthd éthj¤J¡F¥ ÃwF ÂR¡fŸ jhd¤ijÍ« bgW« tifæš gšntW Áw¥ò m«r§fis cŸsl¡» clš cW¥ò jhd r£l« ÂU¤j¥g£L FoauR¤ jiytç‹ x¥òjY¡F mD¥g¥g£LŸsJ. F¿¥ghf, cW¥òfŸ jhd« brŒnthiu v¥go mQf v‹gJ nt©L« cŸë£l gšntW éõa§fis¢ brhšè¡ bfhL¡f, cW¥ò jhd« brŒnthU¡fhd xU§»iz¥ ghs®fŸ, eu«Ãaš tšYe®fŸ, ÁWÚuféaš kU¤Jt ãòz®fŸ cŸë£nlhU¡F, ÂU¤j¥g£l r£l« mkY¡F tªjÎl‹ gæ‰Á më¡fΫ £läl¥g£LŸsJ'.

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T£lik¥Ã‹ brayhsuhf ϪÂuhahâ glhå (kfuhZou«), bghUshsuhf v°.nf. njé (nfus«) M»nah® nj®Î brŒa¥ g£ld®. jäœeh£oèUªJ tH¡f¿P®fŸ b#. ãõh ghD, í. kânkfiy, M®. ehfy£Rä M»nah® T£lik¥Ã‹ njÁa bra‰FG cW¥Ãd®fshf¤ nj®th»ÍŸsd®.

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18 ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

¢r ÚÂk‹w« k‰W« ca® ÚÂk‹w§fëš cŸs ÚÂg gâæl§fëš 31 s¿ÂïV| ïVol¦ºï cŸsd v‹W bjçatªJŸsJ. br‹id ca® ÚÂk‹w¤Âš 11 gâæl§fŸ gy khj§fshf ãu¥g¥glhkš cŸsd. fhè æl§fis ãu¥òtj‰fhf jFÂÍilat®fë‹ bga®fis¤ nj®Î brŒJ mD¥Ã it¡F«go ca® ÚÂk‹w¤ jiyik ÚÂgÂfŸ nf£L¡ bfhŸs¥g£oU¡»wh®fŸ v‹W eLt© r£l mik¢r® rškh‹ F®î¤ T¿æU¡»wh®.

ϪÂahéš xU c¢r ÚÂk‹wK« 21 ca® ÚÂk‹w§fS« cŸsd. Ït‰¿š bkh¤j« 895 ÚÂg gâæl§fŸ cŸsd. Mdhš, mt‰¿š flªj Mf°£ 1M« nj ãytu¥go 284 g â æ l § f Ÿ f h è a h f c Ÿ s d . Ï J x£Lbkh¤j ÚÂgÂfŸ v©â¡ifæš 31 éG¡fhL MF«. c¢r ÚÂk‹w¤Âš bkh¤j« 31 ÚÂg gâæl§fŸ cŸsd. Mdhš Ï‹iwa ãytu¥go 28 ÚÂgÂfŸ k£Lnk cŸsd®. 3 ÚÂg gâæl§fŸ fhèahf cŸsd. V‰bfdnt flªj Mf°£ 21M« nj ÚÂg é. v°. Á®ò®f® XŒÎ bg‰WŸsh®. nkY« _¤j ÚÂg M®. é. ÏuŪÂu‹ tU« m¡nlhg® 14 M« njÂÍ«, kh¡f©nla f£#] br¥l«g® 19M« njÂÍ«, v¢. v°. ngo br¥l«g® 4M« njÂÍ« XŒÎbgw cŸsd®. vdnt m¡nlhg® khj ãytu¥go c¢r ÚÂk‹w ÚÂgÂfë‹ v©â¡if 24 Mf¡ FiwªJéL«.

ca® ÚÂk‹w§fis¥ bghW¤jtiu myfhgh¤ ca® ÚÂk‹w¤Âšjh‹ mÂf v©â¡ifæš ÚÂg gâæl§fŸ fhèahf cŸsd. mªj ÚÂk‹w¤Âš bkh¤j« 160 gâæl§fŸ cŸsd. Mdhš mt‰¿š 62 ÚÂgÂfŸ k£Lnk j‰nghJ gâæš cŸsd®. ÛjKŸs 98 Ïl§fŸ mjhtJ, 61 éG¡fhL gâæl§fŸ ãu¥g¥glhkš cŸsd.

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ϪÂa muÁayik¥ò rhrd«,1950

ru¤J 72. (1) (m) xU gil ÚÂk‹w¤Âš më¡f¥g£l j©lidfis;

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F‰wéaš eilKiw r£l«, 1973

à ç Î 4 3 2 : j © l i d f i s ã W ¤  it¡fnth, Fiw¥ò brŒanth cŸs mÂfhu«:

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25ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

lªj khj¤Âš x£Lbkh¤j ϪÂahΫ c¢rç¤j bga® m‹dh Arhnu. CHiy xê¡f Ïtuhš k£L«jh‹ KoÍ« v‹w (FU£L) e « à ¡ i f æ š g š y h æ u ¡ f z ¡ f h d ÏisP®fŸ, CHš v®¥ò KH¡f§fisél Arhnu thœ¤J KH¡f§fis X§» xè¤J¡ bfh©L nghuh£l§fis el¤Â Ko¤J XŒªJŸsd®.

e  _ y ¤ i j Í « , ç î _ y ¤ i j Í « gh®¡f¡TlhJ v‹gh®fŸ. mt‰iw¤ njh©o gh®¤jhš òG¡fŸ beëÍ« v‹gJjh‹ Ï j ‰ F ¡ f h u z « . m‹dh Arhnué‹ _ y K « Ï ¥ g o ¥ g£lJjh‹. mij njh©o¥ gh®¡fhjtiu mt® fhªÂathÂjh‹. njh©o¥ gh®¤jhš mtU« xU Chš thÂjh‹.

e h £ o š C H š x ê ¡ f ¥ g l n t © L « v‹gš ahU¡F« kh‰W¡ fU¤J ÏU¡f KoahJ. flªj Áy M©Lfshf òÂJ òÂjhf m«gykh»tU« °bg¡£u« xJ¡Ñ£L CHš, fhk‹btš¤ éisah£L CHš, Mj®Z ÅL x J ¡ Ñ £ L C H š , r t ¥ b g £ o C H š ngh‹wt‰whš btW¤J¥nghd k¡fS« ÏisP®fS« CHiy xê¡f vtnuD« K‹ tukh£lh®fsh v‹W V§»¡ bfh©oUªj ãiyæš, mªj thŒ¥ig¥ ga‹gL¤Â¡ bfh©Ljh‹ m‹dh Arhnu CHš v®¥ò Ïa¡f¤ij bjhl§» njÁa¥ òu£Áahsuhf fh£o¡ bfh©oU¡»wh®.

m‹dh ArhnuΡF Mjuthf Fuš bfhL¡F« gyU¡F« mtuJ flªj fhy«g‰¿ bjçªÂU¡f thŒ¥Ãšiy. ϪÂah éLjiy miltj‰F 10 M©LfŸ K‹ghf 1937M« M©L #]‹ khj« 15M« nj kuh£oa khãy« Ïuhnyfh‹ Á¤Â v‹w Á‰ùçš Ãwªjt® Arhnu. mt® Ïa‰bga® »õh‹ ghòuh› Arhnu v‹gjhF«. m©ikæšjh‹

mtuJ bgaUl‹ m‹dh nr®ªJ bfh©lJ. 1962M« M©oš ϪÂa ÏuhQt¤Â‰F mtrukhf M£fŸ njit¥g£lnghJ 25 tajhd Arhnu x£Leuhf gâæš nr®ªjh®. 1965M« M©oš gh»°jh‹ nghç‹nghJ üèiHæš cæ®j¥ÃanghJjh‹, rhtj‰FŸ v i j a h t J r h  ¡ f n t © L « v ‹ w v©z¤Jl‹ r_f¤ bjh©oš <Lg£ljhf m‹dh Arhnu... Ïšiy... Ïšiy... »õh‹ Arhnu jkJ thœ¡if tuyh‰W üèš F¿¥Ã£oU¡»wh®.

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26 ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

1978M« M©oš ÏuhQt¤ÂèUªJ XŒÎbg‰W¢ brhªj Cuhd Ïuhnyfh‹ Á¤Â Á‰ùU¡F ÂU«Ãa Arhnu, k¡fŸ nrit brŒtjhf¡ T¿¥ gšntW mw¡f£lisfis V‰gL¤Âdh®. mªj mw¡f£lisfë‹ rh®Ãš gy r_f¥ gâfis mt® brŒjh® v‹w nghÂY«, kuh£oa mik¢r®fŸ ÛJ CHš F‰w¢rh‰Wfis K‹it¥gJjh‹ mtuJ Kjš gâahf ÏUªjJ. 1997M« M©oš nfhy¥ v‹w kuh£oa mik¢r® ÛJ m‹dh Arhnu CHš F‰w¢rh£Lfis Rk¤j, mit Mjhuk‰w F‰w¢rh£LfŸ v‹W bkŒ¥Ã¡f¥g£lJ«, ÏijaL¤J bjhlu¥ g£l mtöW tH¡»š m‹dh ArhnuΡF 3

khj¢ Áiw¤ j©lid é¡f¥g£lJ« mtiu Mjç¥nghçš gyU¡F« bjçªÂU¡f thŒ¥Ãšiy. 2003M« M©L Mf°£ 9M« nj kuh£oa mik¢r®fŸ 4 ng® ÛJ CHš F‰w¢ rh£Lfis K‹it¤J m‹dh Arhnu b j h l § » a r h F « t i u c © z h ã i y n g h u h £ l « j h ‹ m t U ¡ n f é i d a h f KoªjJ. mik¢r®fŸ ÛJ Arhnu T¿a CHš F ‰ w ¢ r h £ L f Ÿ F ¿ ¤ J é r h u i z el¤Jtj‰fhf XŒÎbg‰w ÚÂg Ã.Ã. rhtª¤ jiyikæš xUeg® érhuiz¡ FGit m¥nghija kuh£oa Kjyik¢r® RÁšFkh® î©nl mik¤jh®. rhtª¤ FGjh‹ mj‹ m¿¡ifæš Arhnué‹ mw¡f£lisfëš eilbg‰w KiwnfLfis m«gy¥gL¤ÂaJ.

“ïªJ Rauh{a mw¡f£lis v‹w mw¡f£lisia 1995M« M©L V‰gL¤Âa A r h n u , m j ‰ F K ‹ g h f n t k ¤  a

muÁläUªJ mw¡f£lis¡fhf ã cjéia¥ bg‰wh® - vj‰fhf ã cjé b g w ¥ g £ l n j h m i j é L ¤ J k ‰ w gâfS¡fhf mt‰iw¥ bryé£lh®- bryél¥glhj gz¤ij muR¡F¤ ÂU¥Ã mD¥òtj‰F¥ gš jkJ mw¡f£lisæš it¤J¡ bfh©lh®” v‹W rhtª¤ FG F‰w« rh£oaJ.

Arhnué‹ 60MtJ Ãwªj ehis¡ bfh©lhLtj‰fhf mtuJ mw¡f£lis æèUªJ 2 Ïy£r¤J 20 Mæu« %ghŒ r £ l ¤  ‰ F v  u h d t i f æ š bryél¥g£lJ« xU tifæš CHšjh‹

v‹W rhtª¤ FG T¿æUªjJ. a h j › g h g h m w ¡ f£lisæèUªJ brh£LÚ® g h r d f U é f i s e‹bfhilahf bg‰w Arhnu mj‰fhf 60 Mæu« %ghŒ bfhL¤ jjhf Ϫj Rauh{a mw¡f£lisæš fz¡if v G  d h ® v ‹ w F ‰ w ¢ rh£ilÍ« rhtª¤ FG cW brŒjJ.

mik¢r®fŸ Ûjhd F‰w¢ rh£LfŸ F¿¤J érhç¥ g j ‰ f h f m i k ¡ f ¥ g £ l rhtª¤ FGé‹ m¿¡ifæš m‹dh Arhnué‹ CHšfŸ g‰¿ k£L« 118 g¡f§fS¡F éth¡f¥g£oUªjJ. Ϫj C H š F ‰ w ¢ r h £ L f Ÿ

bjhl®ghf Ï‹Wtiu vªj és¡fK« më¡fhj m‹dh ArhnuΡF CHš xê¥òg‰¿ Fuš bfhL¡F« jh®Ûf¤ jF c©lh? v‹w édhé‰F mtiu¤ bjhGJ tz§F« Mjuths®fŸjh« éilaë¡f nt©L«.

m‹dh Arhnu r_f eyåš m¡fiw bfh©lt®, k¡fë‹ e‹ik¡fhf¥ ghLg£L tUgt®, CHiy xê¡f nt©L« v‹w m t u J n e h ¡ f « e š y J v ‹ g  š kh‰W¡fU¤J Ïšiy. Mdhš, mj‰fhf mt® f i l ¥ à o ¡ F « m Q F K i w f Ÿ rçahditah? v‹gJjh‹ äšèa‹ lhy® nfŸéahF«.

ϪÂahéš CHš v‹gJ Ï‹nwh ne‰nwh V‰g£ljšy. fhy« fhykhfnt ÏUªJ

27ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

tU»wJ. CHiy xê¥gj‰fhf nyh¡ghš r£l¤ij cUth¡f nt©L« v‹w nahrid 40 M©LfS¡F K‹ng K‹it¡f¥g£L, tH¡f« nghynt muÁaš fU¤bjh‰Wik Ïšyhjjhš ãiwnt‰w¥glhkš cŸsJ. v d n t C H i y x ê ¥ g j ‰ f h f m ‹ d h Arhnujh‹ Fuš bfhL¡»wh® v‹gij V‰W¡bfhŸs KoahJ.

Ϥjid ehŸfŸ Ïšyhkš ÂObud CHY¡F vÂuhf Arhnu òw¥g£lj‰F Ï ‹ b d h U f h u z K « c © L . Ï ¥ n g h u h £ l ¤  ‹ K f _ o j h ‹ A r h n u . Ëdâæš ÏU¥gt®fŸ M®.v°.v°. mik¥ÃdU« ca®rhÂædU«jh‹. r_f Ú¡F rhjfkhd NHš V‰gL« nghbjšyh« mij¤ Âir ÂU¥òtj‰fhf VnjD« xU Ïa¡f¤ij V‰gL¤JtJ r§f¥ gçthu§fë‹ t H ¡ f k h F « . 1 9 8 9 - 9 0 Ï š k © l š F G g ç ª J i u ¥ g o n t i y t h Œ ¥ à š 2 7 éG¡fhL Ïl xJ¡Ñ£il mkšgL¤j m¥nghija Ãujk® é.Ã. Á§ KoÎ b r Œ j n g h J , m i j K l ¡ F t j ‰ f h f n t m ¤ t h å æ ‹ Ï u j ah¤Âiuia r§gçth® V ‰ g h L b r Œ j J . Ï¥nghJ« rhÂthç k¡fŸ b j h i f f z ¡ b f L ¥ ò n f h ç ¡ i f i a V ‰ f eLtzuR jahuh» tU« ã i y æ š , m J ã i w n t ¿ é l h k š jL¥gj‰fhfnt Arhnuit¡ bfh©L CHš v  ® ¥ ò n g h u h £ l ¤ i j r § g ç t h ® bjhl§»ÍŸsJ v‹w r_fÚ M®ty®fë‹ thj¤Âš tYéU¥gij kW¡f KoahJ.

nyh¡ghš r£l« bjhl®ghd étfhu¤Âš m‹dh Arhnu brŒj gâ v‹dbt‹whš, r£l«, tUthŒ, ãUthf« ngh‹wt‰¿š tšyikbg‰w Áyiu¡ bfh©L #‹ nyh¡ghš v‹w bgaçš òÂa tiu΢ r£l¤ij cUth¡»aJjh‹. Ϫj tiu΢ r£l¤Âš Ïl«bg‰WŸs 40 m«r§fëš 34 m«r§fis k¤Âa muR V‰W¡bfh©L é£lJ. MdhY« mš ÂU¥Â milahj Arhnu muR jahç¤j nyh¡ghš r£l¤ij¡ F¥igæš ÅÁé£L, jh« jahç¤j #‹ nyh¡ghš r£l¤ij KGikahf¢ brašgL¤j nt©L« v‹gJ 120 nfho k¡fë‹ ÃuÂãÂfŸ m§f« t»¡F« ehlhSk‹w¤ij mtk¡F« braš v‹gš

r ª n j f « Ï U ¡ f K o a h J . C H è š <Lg£nlhiu¤ ö¡»èl nt©L« v‹gJ #‹ nyh¡ghš r£l¤Âš Ïl«bg‰WŸs K¡»a nfhç¡if. kuz j©lidiana xê¡f nt©L« v‹w nfhç¡if cyf« KGtJ« X§» xè¤JtU« ãiyæš, Ϫj¡ nfhç¡ifia v¥go V‰W¡bfhŸs KoÍ« v‹gJjh‹ vtU¡F« òçaéšiy.

m‹dh Arhnu étfhu¤ij k¤Âa muR rçahf ifahshjJjh‹ Ϥjid Á¡fY¡F« fhuz«. Arhnu bjçé¤j nahridfis mid¤J¡ f£Á¡ T£l¤Âš MŒÎ brŒJ, mš fU¤bjh‰Wik V‰g£l m«r§fis k£L« brŒšgL¤ÂæU¡fyh«. m›thW brašgL¤J«nghJ muÁaš f£ÁfshtJ Xuâæš ÏU¡F« ãiy cUth»æU¡F«. k h w h f K j ‹ K i w m ‹ d h A r h n u c©zhãiy nk‰bfh©lnghJ, mt®K‹

k©oæ£L, mtiuÍ« m t u J M j u t h s ® f i s Í « n y h ¡ g h š t i u Î ¢ r £ l ¤ i j cUth¡F tj‰fhd FGéš nr®¤J¡bfh©l k¤Âa muR, 2MtJ Kiwahf mt® c©zhãiy ÏU¡f K a ‹ w n g h J , m j ‰ F K‹ghfnt ifJ brŒJ Áiwæš mil¤jJjh‹ Ãu¢ridia Ï›tsÎ öu« Ôéukh¡»aJ.

CHš xê¥ò v‹gij ϪÂahéYŸs m i d t U « t u n t ‰ » w h ® f Ÿ . C H i y xê¥gš r®thÂfhu¤ij¡ fil¥Ão¡f nt©L« v‹»wh® Arhnu. #dehaf K i w i a ¡ f i l ¥ à o ¡ f n t © L « v‹»wh®fŸ eLãiyahs®fŸ. CHiy él r®thÂfhu« bfhoaJ v‹w c©ikia cz®ªjt®fŸ Arhnué‹ nghuh£l¤ij V‰W¡bfhŸs kh£lh®fŸ. 1996M« M©oš ϪÂa‹ v‹bwhU Âiu¥gl« btëahdJ. mš éLjiy¥ nghuh£l Åuuhf tU« fkyAhr‹, ifæš f¤Â VªÂ CHš brŒjt®fis bašyh« bfh‹W Fé¥gh®. » £ l ¤ j £ l m ‹ d h A r h n u é ‹ m Q F K i w Í « m ¥ g o ¤ j h ‹ c Ÿ s J . ϪÂa‹ jh¤jh fjhgh¤Âu« krhyh¤ jdkhd Âiu¥gl¤Â‰F nt©Lkhdhš x ¤ J t U « . . . M d h š # d e h a f ¤  ‰ F x¤JtuhJ!

28 ØÄ©¦DÃì 2011

1. Whether the court can convict an accused solely on the basis of dying declaration?

Madras High Court Held: It is well settled in a catena of decisions of the Hon'ble Apex Court that there is no bar no placing reliance solely on the basis of the dying declaration of the deceased, provided the same is clear, consistent and inspires the confidence of the Court.

Reported in (2011) 3 MLJ (Crl) 446

2. What are the factors to be taken into consideration by court before cancelling the bail granted to a person accused of an offence?

Supreme Court Held: It will depend on the facts and circumstances of the case. In considering whether to cancel the bail the Court has also to consider the gravity and nature of the offence, prima facie case against the accused, the position and standing of accused, etc. If there are very serious allegations against the accused, his bail may be cancelled even if he has not misused the bail granted to him. Moreover, the above principle applies when the same Court which granted bail is approached for cancelling the bail. It will not apply when the order granting bail is appealed against before an appellate/revisional Court.

Reported in AIR 2011 Supreme Court 1945

3. Whether punishment of death can be awarded to police officers convicted of the offence of fake encounter killing by applying the principle of rarest of rare case?

Supreme Court Held: Fake encounter by policemen. Policemen must be given death

sentence, treating it as rarest of rare cases. If offence is committed by policemen much harsher punishment should be given to them because they do an act totally contrary to their duties. Court warns policemen that they will not be excused for committing murder in name of 'encounter' on pretext that they were carrying out the orders of their superior officers or politicians, however high.

Reported in AIR 2011 Supreme Court 1945

4. What is the duty and obligation of an advocate towards the court, client and society?

Supreme Court Held: A Court, be that of a Magistrate or the Supreme Court is sacrosanct. The integrity and sanctity of an institution which has bestowed upon itself the responsibility of dispensing justice is ought to be maintained. All the functionaries, be it Advocates, Judges and the rest of the staff ought to act in accordance with morals and ethics.

An Advocate's duty is as important as that of a Judge. Advocates have a large responsibility towards the society. A client's relationship with his/her advocate is underlined by utmost trust. An Advocate is expected to act with utmost sincerity and respect. In all professional functions, an

Advocate should be diligent and should conform to the requirements of the law by which an Advocate plays

a vital role in the preservation of society and justice system.

An Advocate is under an obligation to uphold the rule of law and ensure that the public justice system is enabled to function at its full potential. Any violation of the principles of professional ethics by an Advocate is unfortunate and unacceptable. Ignoring even

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Compilation : P.GOPIRAJA,

Advocate, Madras High Court

CASE LAW DIGESTCASE

DIGEST

a minor violation/misconduct militates against the fundamental foundation of the public justice system.

An Advocate should be dignified in his dealings to the Court, to his fellow lawyers and to the litigants. He should have integrity in abundance and should never do anything that erodes his credibility. An Advocate has a duty to enlighten and encourage the juniors in the profession. An ideal Advocate should believe that the legal profession has an element of service activities.

Most importantly, he should faithfully abide by the standards of professional conduct and etiquette prescribed by the Bar Council of India in Chapter II, Part VI of the Bar Council of India Rules. As a rule, an Advocate being a member of the legal profession has a social duty to show the people a beacon of light by his conduct and actions rather than being adamant on an unwarranted and uncalled for issue.

Reported in 2011 AIR Supreme Court 2011

5. Whether mere contract for sale of mortgaged property will extinguish the right of redemption of mortgager?

Supreme Court Held: Mere contract for sale of mortgaged property does not deprive mortgagor's right to redeem property. Right of redemption is statutory, said right is an incident of a subsisting mortgage and subsists so long as mortgage itself subsists. Mortgage being security for debt, right of redemption continues even if mortgagor fails to pay debt by due date. Mortgagor's right of redemption stands extinguished only on execution of conveyance of mortgaged property by registered instrument or by decree of court. Reported in (2011) 6 Supreme Court Cases 780

6. Whether the court in criminal appeal against conviction can decide the appeal against the accused in the absence of defence counsel?

Supreme Court Held: Impugned order of High Court deciding criminal appeal in absence of defence counsel and upholding conviction, set aside. Even assuming that non-appearance was due to fault of defence counsel, a criminal appeal against the accused, held, cannot be decided in absence of his counsel. That would violate Arts. 21 and 22(1) of Constitution of India. Therefore, it defence counsel could not show sufficient reason for non-appearance, another counsel practicing on criminal side should be appointed as amicus curiae.Reported in (2011) 2 Supreme Court Cases (Cri) 481

7. What are the nature, scope and limit of preventive detention?

Supreme Court Held: In substance preventive detention also amounts to punishment by way of imprisonment for a period. Further, it is a jurisdiction of suspicion. Detention order is passed on basis of subjective satisfaction of detaining authority without trial, without lawyer's

assistance and without being produced before Magistrate within 24 hours. It is repugnant to democratic ideas and rule of law. However, since Art. 22(3)(b) of the Constitution permits preventive detention, it cannot be held to be illegal. To prevent this potently dangerous power, law of preventive detention should be strictly construed and confined to narrow limits of rare and exceptional cases, and meticulous compliance with procedural safeguards should be made mandatory.

Reported in (2011) 2 Supreme Court Cases (Cri) 596

8. Whether employees in the feeder category have vested right to be considered for promotion whenever vacancy arises?Supreme Court Held: Appellants did not have any accrued or vested right for promotion which was taken away by the amendment. It is rules which are prevalent at time when consideration takes place for promotion, which would be applicable. There is also no rule of universal or absolute application that vacancies are to be filled invariably by law existing on date when vacancy arises.

Reported in (2011) 6 Supreme Court Cases 725

9. Whether an unregistered family arrangement effecting division of property can be admitted in evidence in proof of partition of property?

Karnataka High Court Held : Document in question was not a mere family arrangement that had taken place much earlier. But itself contained terms of settlement between parties effecting division of property amongst parties. Document is in nature of partition deed. Required to be compulsorily registered. It was inadmissible in evidence for want of registration and could not have been relied upon as the basis to claim that there was an earlier partition.

Reported in AIR 2011 Karnataka 103

10. Whether the dependent's of deceased person who borrowed vehicle from the real owner and died in accident without involving any other vehicle is entitled to compensation?

Chattisgarh High Court Held: Deceased was driving vehicle which was borrowed from its real owner and met with an accident without involving any other vehicle. Deceased having stepped into shoes of owner of vehicle not entitled to claim compensation. Since S. 163-A does not apply wherein owner of vehicle is involved.

Reported in AIR 2011 Chattisgarh 103

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