School Choice: An Experimental Approach Jong Min Kim.
-
date post
22-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
6
Transcript of School Choice: An Experimental Approach Jong Min Kim.
Introduction
Reputation buildingTo enter a high school in Korea,
Entrance Exam Lottery
Equalization policy
Questions
1. Reputation building of schools – whether the students choose the school considering the reputation of school and their own level of academic achievements
2. Equalization effect – to examine the equalization policy would mix the students with different quality and thus result in narrowed gap between schools
Experimental Design
Subjects Undergraduate and Graduate students in the
Experimental Economics seminar during the fall of 2007 (Study 1)
Students from YKGA (Yale Korean Graduate Student Association) and students of Seoul National University (Study 2)
Experimental Design
4 boxes (schools) &16 players (students) in two cities, 4 positions in each box
Each player is randomly assigned one integer (level of academic achievements) from 1 to 16 choose box assigned
The average value of integers of the participants assigned to each box (Bj), and the number of players who chose each box were announced. Each player assigned to Box j earned Bj points.
Experimental Design
City 1 rules If k (more than 4) players choose Box J, the 4 players with the highest
Vi out of the k players are assigned to Box j. If 4 players choose Box J, these 4 players are assigned to Box j. If less than 4 players choose Box j, they are assigned to Box j. The remaining positions are filled randomly from players who do not get
their choice.
City 2 rules If k (more than 2) players choose Box J, the 2 players with the highest
Vi out of the k players are assigned to Box j. If 2 players choose Box J, these 2 players are assigned to Box j. If less than 2 players choose Box j, they are assigned to Box j. The remaining positions are filled randomly from players who do not get
their choice.
Results
City 1
02468
10121416
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Round
Poin
ts
City 2
02468
10121416
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RoundPo
ints
Persistence in Reputation/Ranking
Results
Persistence in Reputation/Ranking
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Avg Std.DAvg6-10
Std.D6-10
Black - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00
Green - - 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2.25 0.46 2.00 0.00
Purple - - 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3.63 0.52 3.60 0.55
Red - - 4 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 3.13 0.83 3.40 0.55
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Avg Std.DAvg6-10
Std.D6-10
Blue 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1.30 0.48 1.20 0.45
Yellow 2 2 4 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 3.20 0.92 3.40 0.89
Brown 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 1 2 2.70 0.82 2.20 0.84
Orange 4 4 2 1 1 2 4 4 3 3 2.80 1.23 3.20 0.84
Results Equalization Effect (round 6 to round 10)
City 1
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4th3rd2nd1st
City 2
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4th3rd2nd1st
Results
Equalization Effect
City 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
City 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Results
Equalization Effect
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1st 10.25 12 9.75 11.25 12 13 12 11.25 11 12.5
2nd 9.75 9.25 9 11 11.5 10.5 7.75 9 10.75 10
3rd 8 8.75 8.25 6.25 5.5 7.25 7.5 7.75 6.75 5.75
4th 6 4 7 5.5 5 3.25 6.75 6 5.5 5.75
Range 4.25 8.00 2.75 5.75 7.00 9.75 5.25 5.25 5.50 6.75
StD 1.93 3.32 1.17 3.05 3.76 4.22 2.37 2.21 2.79 3.34
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1st - - 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 13 13.25 14.25 14.5
2nd - - 7.5 7.25 7 8.5 10.75 10 10 10.25
3rd - - 6.75 6.5 6.75 6.5 5.75 6.75 6.5 5.25
4th - - 5.25 5.75 5.75 4.5 4.5 4 3.75 4
Range - - 9.25 8.75 8.75 10 8.5 9.25 7.75 10.5
Std.D - - 4.11 4.05 4.04 4.32 4.04 4.01 3.88 4.83
Results
Equalization Effect (round 7 to round 10)
City 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213 14 15 16 17
City 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13 14 1516 17
Results – Study 2
Persistence in Reputation/Ranking
City 1
02468
10121416
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Round
Poin
ts
City 2
02468
10121416
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Round
Poin
ts
Results –Study 2
Persistence in Reputation/Ranking
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Avg Std.DAvg6-10
Std.D6-10
Green 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.20 0.42 1.00 0.00
Red 1 1 2 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 2.90 1.20 3.40 0.55
Black 3 4 3 1 2 4 4 2 2 2 2.70 1.06 2.80 1.10
Purple 4 3 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 3.10 0.74 2.80 0.84
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Avg Std.DAvg6-10
Std.D6-10
Blue 1 1 1 3 4 4 4 4 4 1 2.70 1.42 3.40 1.34
Yellow 2 3 4 2 1 1 3 3 2 4 2.50 1.02 2.60 1.14
Orange 3 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 2.00 0.77 2.00 1.00
Brown 4 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 1 3 2.80 0.98 2.00 0.71
Equalization Effect (round 6 to round 10)
City 1
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4th3rd2nd1st
City 2
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4th3rd2nd1st
Results –Study 2
Equalization Effect
City 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
City 2
02468
1012141618
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Results –Study 2
Equalization Effect
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1st 10.5 13 12.25 10.75 14.5 12.75 14.5 11.5 13.75 14
2nd 10.5 9.75 9.25 9 7 8.75 7.5 8.5 7.75 9
3rd 9.5 8.5 8.25 7.5 6.5 8.25 6.5 7.25 6.25 6.75
4th 3.5 2.75 4.25 6.75 6 4.25 5.5 6.75 6.25 4.25
Range 7.00 10.25 8.00 4.00 8.50 8.50 9.00 4.75 7.50 9.75
StD 3.37 4.28 3.30 1.77 4.02 3.48 4.08 2.13 3.57 4.15
Round 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1st 11.25 13 12.75 9.75 10 11.5 10 11.5 10 8.75
2nd 7.75 8.5 11 9.75 9 7.75 9.5 8.75 9.5 8.5
3rd 7.5 6.25 6.75 9 7.5 7.5 7.75 7.25 8.75 8.5
4th 7.5 6.25 3.5 5.5 7.5 7.25 6.75 6.5 5.75 8.25
Range 3.75 6.75 9.25 4.25 2.50 4.25 3.25 5.00 4.25 0.50
StD 1.84 3.18 4.18 2.03 1.22 2.01 1.51 2.21 1.90 0.20
Results –Study 2
Equalization Effect (round 7 to round 10)
City 1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213 14 15 16 17
City 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13 14 1516 17
Results –Study 2