Sartre: libro sobre su obra integral en español

8/14/2019 Sartre: libro sobre su obra integral en espaol

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@kjat Okimjkd @kjjgc9

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l m j h g d k ` k m h | a l m T g r | r m "7;6= ?66=+

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Vrk`mrg mlkdkh9 @grya ?66=

K`vrmta mh Dbkjm

Vrkh|ml kh Dbkjm

V4

DAH\MHKLA9


3/77

Vgekhg

V _ J A E A =>

JAT IG_LKHM_AT LKGOJKDAT Lrg`g "Kjj( Lgh|m+ 5

DKMH GAT LMJ HGDK@KMH\A LM TG_\_M ]h mhtg{a 42

K MRKT\MHDKGJKT@A LM TG_\_M ]HG NKJATANG KEMH\M1 42

KK MJ ^KGIM_A TKH OAJM\A


4/77

-Okojkaergng tgr|rmghg 52

GE_GLMDK@KMH\AT 2


5/77

V=


6/77

V _ J A E A

/Jg ~kajmhdkg* ogia d}gjw}kmr nar`g w}m tm `ghknkmt|m* mt }h nrgdgta(/"Mh nrghdt9 Jg~kajmhdm* ta}t w}mjw}m nar`m w}%mjjm tm `ghknmt|m* mt| }h dbmd(/Tgr|rm* Tk|}g|kaht KK* 7;


7/77

ha tkh }h ergla lm `gjm~ajmhdkg* dah t} vatkdkh |a`glg mh gje}hg lm t}t j}dbgt vaj|kdgttgdhlajg lm jgt tk|}gdkahmt a lm }h dah|m|a lmj vmrkala lm |km`va lgla( Vmra bg{ w}m

gdarlgr tm w}m tm |rg|g lm }h j}dbglar d}gj tkm`vrm vrmnmrg mj gd|a lm da`vra`m|mrtm mhng~ar lm jg jkomr|gl b}`ghg taorm d}gjw}kmr a|ra kh|mrt* khdj}ta taorm mj |m`ar lmmw}k~adgrtm mh }h dgta v}h|}gj lm vaj|kdg lkgrkg( Jg g}|mhdklgl lm }hg |marg tadkgj a lm}hg klmajaeg lm d}gjw}kmr vgr|kla vaj|kda Tgr|rm o}tdgog ha mh t}t |margt* vradjg`gdkahmt{ kh|mhdkahmt tkha mh mj ergla lm |ajmrghdkg { lm jkomr|gl vmrtahgj w}m lmigh g t}ttme}klarmt( Ja w}m vgtg mh mj `}hla dah|m`varhma gd|}gj`mh|m* gj d}`vjkrtm mjdmh|mhgrka lm Tgr|rm* khlkdg w}m t} vat|}jgla ng~armdkmhla jg jkomr|gl vmrtahgj taorm |alata|rat ~gjarmt b}`ghat tke}m ~kemh|m(

Mt Tgr|rm }h mtdrk|ar { nkjtana g|rgvgla mh mj tkeja RR1

Vgrg kj}t|rgr w}m mj kh|mrt var j { var t} aorg ha tm bg jk`k|gla tja gj tkeja RR hk bglkt`kh}kla dah mj vgta lmj |km`va* mt t}nkdkmh|m `mhdkahgr w}m mj ha`orm lm Tgr|rm mh mjo}tdglar Eaaejm lm Kh|mrhm| "a Umo+ dah|m`varhma mt| gtadkgla g dmrdg lm `mlka`kjjh lm |m`t khlmglat "gjrmlmlar lm 7?6(666 |m`t mt|h rmjgdkahglat mtvmdnkdg`mh|mdah %Tgr|rm ?66


8/77

Jm igrlkhkmr vm}| ldklmr lm dm w}k dah~kmh| g} dgra||mt* `gkt h}j hm vm}|dbaktkr jm okmh lmt g}|rmt jm}r vjgdm("I(V( Tgr|rm9 Jm lkgojm m| jm oah lkm}+

\rgl}ddkh9 Mj igrlkhmra v}mlm lmdklkr ja w}m mt gvravkgla vgrg jgt yghgbarkgt* vmra hglkm v}mlm mjmekr ja w}m mt o}mha vgrg jat a|rat mh t}j}egr ( "I(V( Tgr|rm9 %Mj Lkgoja { mj o}mh Lat%+

JAT IG_LKHM_AT LKGOJKDAT mt }hg aorg lm |mg|ra lm }h gd|a {h}m~m mtdmhgt d}{g gddkh |rghtd}rrm mh mj |km`va vrmtmh|m { tm }okdg mh }h

vgt ha mtvmdknkdgla( Jat gd|armt tm mhd}mh|rgh mh }h da`vgr|k`kmh|a"H`mra >>+ lm j}ia lm }h dadbmlar`k|arka w}m mt vgr|m lmj |rmh mvrmtajjg`gla jg Njmdbg grlkmh|m w}m darrm g |alg `grdbg(

DA@MH\G_KAT EMHM_GJMT9

-L}rgh|m jg aorg tm v}mlm mtd}dbgr* a lm ~my mh d}ghla lkt|khe}kr `t vrah}hdkglgt* jgt r}mlgt lmj |rmh w}m tah dgtk tkjmhdkatgt( Jg `tkdg* jgt~admt lm jg |mjm~ktkh kh|mrhg* gt da`a d}gjw}kmr a|ra r}kla lmj nahlakhlkdgla l}rgh|m jg aorg tm v}mlmh ergogr mh }hg tajg dkh|g( Mh ~my lm jatkht|r}`mh|at `}tkdgjmt khlkdglat mh mj |m|a* |gj ~my ogt|grgh %vajmrgt% a


9/77

dg`ktm|gt lm jat `tkdat dah erghlmt k`emhmt lm lat ~kajkhmt* }hg ~kajg {}h dbmja(

-Dah mj vravtk|a lm lmha|gr kh|k`klgl a tmvgrgdkh l}rgh|m jg kh|mrgddkhmh|rm jat lknmrmh|mt gd|armt mh }h kh|mr~gja vrmdkta lmj lrg`g tm t}ekmrm w}mmjjat mt|h lm gje}hg `ghmrg gktjglat lm jat a|rat3 var mim`vja* }tghla }hrmnjmd|ar nadgj lkrkekla taorm jgt vmrtahgimt da`vra`m|klat mh dkmr|atlkjaeat "mtat dgtat tm ~gh g khlkdgr dah jg vgjgorg %mhnaw}m%mh mj |m|a w}m

tke}m+(

Gd|armt9 Iabh "vrk`mr ~kajh+* @kjkd "dbmja+* Harg "tme}hla ~kajh+* Gktbg

"~kajg+* Tgh|at "`aya+* Vmrkalkt|g(Iabh* @kjkd { Vmrkalkt|g |kmhmh dmrdg lm


10/77

Gktbg "`}imr lm rgteat arkmh|gjmt+9Jg vgr|m kh|ral}d|arg lm mt|m d}gr|m|a lmOmm|ba~mh `m lg jg k`vrmtkh lm }h ~kgim((( g |rg~t lmj mtvgdka( Mtvgdka

dt`kda* lkrg {a* tk mt|a ha vgrmdkmrg lm`gtkgla atgla(

Harg "g Gktbg * lmtv}t lm }hg dar|g vg}tg l}rgh|m jg d}gj jg `tkdg lmnahla dgòkg gj @kh}m|a lmj d}gr|m|a _gy}à~tck w}m mt `gt glmd}gla vgrg t}emrkr mj à~k`kmh|a lmj |rmh+9 [a lkrg w}m mt `t okmh mgemrgla*Tmark|g Gktbg((( [ t} ~kajg t}mhg ogt|gh|m n}mr|m* tk v}mla germegr(

Gktbg "d}{a àla lm da`var|grtm mt `}{ |rghw}kja { ja w}m tm rmnjmig mh jatrgteat lm t} dgrg* mt| gbarg ad}vglg mh rmvgtgr gjeh vgtgim lm t} baig lm`tkdg( Mjjg vgrmdm ha vrmt|gr g|mhdkh gj da`mh|grka lm Harg(+

@kjkd "`krg bgdkg jg ~mh|ghg+9 @m vrme}h|a lm lhlm ~kmhmh mt|at rmnjmiat lmj}y raig* vgrmdklat g }hgt jjg`gt( "J}mea* j tm ~}mj~m gIabh+9 @m e}t|grggràhkygr }h vada `t `k dbmja dah jg ~kajg lm Gktbg* mh mtm lkjaea lm latkht|r}`mh|at |gh ngàta(((

Iabh9 Vgrg `* ha tah jat j}dmt tkha mj r}kla lm jgt r}mlgt ja w}m mhd}mh|raàjmt|ata((( [ g vravtk|a lm t} da`mh|grka* Harg* var ng~ar rmd}mrlm w}m mt`k rmtvahtgokjklgl gràhkygr mj mw}kjkorka |ahgj lm h}mt|ra d}gr|m|a( "Mhnaw}m

mh Iabh { Harg `kmh|rgt j ogig t} ~ay { dah|khg bgojghla dah Harg+9Lmoa lmdkrjm w}m t} da`mh|grka g Gktbg n}m ogt|gh|m n}mrg lm j}egr((( [ `mv}ta mh }hg vatkdkh t}`g`mh|m lmtgerglgojm(

Harg9 [ }t|ml* tmar1 Mh w}m tk|}gdkh `m bg v}mt|a ]t|ml j|k`g`mh|m1\gj ~my* daà jg lm }hg g`gh|m lmtvmdbglg1

Iabh9 Mt tja dmjat((( ]t|ml tm bg v}mt|a dmjatg lmtlm mj vrk`mr lg lm mt|gekrg((( Vgrg tmr vrmdkta* lmtlm w}m Gktbg bg rmm`vjgygla g Orkek||m(

Harg9 [gb* mnmd|k~g`mh|m( Orkek||m* lm rmvmh|m* tm v}ta lm`gtkgla ~kmig vgrgt} e}t|a(

Iabh9 N}m mj vraojm`g lm t} ~kt|g((( ]t|ml tgom okmh w}m mjjg da`mhy g vgtgrvar gj|a jat vgtgimt mh|mrat vgrg ~kajg `kmh|rgt vrgd|kdgog dah hata|rat(

Harg9 @m v}mla k gekhgr ja w}m }t|ml lkrg tk |rg|grg lm jkorgrtm lm `( W}mta{ lm`gtkgla tmht}gj mh `k vgvmj lm tme}hla ~kajh1 [ ha ogt|gh|m dmrmorgjdaà((( "khlkdg gGktbg+(


11/77

Iabh9 \ala mta tja mt| mh t} k`gekhgdkh* Harg( Ha rmjgdkahgla dah jg

rmgjklgl(

Harg9 Ha rmjgdkahgla1 Dah jg rmgjklgl1 [ leg`m d}j mt t} rmgjklgl*Iabhh{((( Tja g{mr }t|ml `m vra`m|g Mj Largla dahnkhla`m t}t vjghmt vgrgmj n}|}ra((( H}mt|ra n}|}ra( T} t}ma lm |adgr daà tajkt|g }h dahdkmr|a lm~kajh gda`vggla var }hg ngàtg arw}mt|g tkhnhkdg ogia jg og|}|g lm }hlkrmd|ar lm ng`g `}hlkgj lahlm {a v}lkmrg |adgr mj vrk`mr ~kajh |gj ~my((( Mhdgòka* gw} mt|gàt mh mt|m `gjlk|a |rmh* vgeglat vgrg w}m mj @gw}khkt|g

vrkhdkvgj v}mlg tmr dahtklmrgla daà }h vra|md|ar lm jg `tkdg djtkdg( jw}m h}hdg bg mtd}dbgla hglg `t w}m jg `tkdg najdjrkdg |kva %da}h|r{% {

w}kh glarg arw}mt|gt `kjk|grmt mh jat lmtnkjmt'((( D}j lm mtgt rmgjklglmtlmoa mtdaemr* Iabhh{1

Iabh "mh }hg ~ay ao~kg`mh|m lajklg+9 [a jm bm dahnkgla `kt t}mat lmn}|}ra* Harg* dah|ghla dah t} jmgj|gl((( Gbarg da`vrmhla w}m g t}t aiat `mbm ~}mj|a a|rg vmrtahg( Mt|g mt }hg rm~mjgdkh `}{ lajaratg vgrg ` { aigjw}m }t|ml dgòkm t} gd|k|}l(

Harg9 Mt ~mrlgl w}m {a gdat|}òrgog drmmrjm dkmeg`mh|m( A* g lmdkr ~mrlgl*

drmmr mh }hg k`gemh lm jg vmrtahg w}m }t|ml kh~mh| vgrg `( [ `krm ja w}m`m mt| vgtghla gbarg((( [a ha ta{ gje}kmh w}m }ha v}mlg rmdaemr mh jg dgjjm{ lmtvmlkr g ~aj}h|gl( ]t|ml tgom `}{ okmh w}m {a `m ergl} lm jg Gdglm`kgI}kjjkgrl { w}m h}hdg gdmv|grg |adgr lm tme}hla ~kajh mj rmt|a lm `k ~klg(

Iabh9 \adgr jat j|kàt d}gr|m|at lm Omm|ba~mh* gh mj tme}hla ~kajh* ha tmlmom t}omt|k`gr* Harg( Mtgt aorgt gjdghygrah mj dmhk| lm jg `tkdg djtkdg(((

Harg9 Gw} ha mt| tja jg `tkdg mh mj i}mea tkha h}mt|rg vravkg rmjgdkh {h}mt|ra vravka n}|}ra(((

Iabh9 H}mt|ra n}|}ra mt| mh h}mt|rg `tkdg3 mt gw} lahlm hata|rat hatgnkr`gàt daà vmrtahgt(

Harg9 Bg{ `tkdg mh }t|ml { mh `* mh @kjkd* mh dkmh|at lm `kjmt lm `tkdatmh mj `}hla((( Vmra `m e}t|grg ha tja mtdaemr w} `tkdg tkha w} |kva lm~klg lmoa mjmekr( "Lmtv}t lm }hg vg}tg+9 [a vmht w}m }t|ml mrg `k `miartmjmddkh* vmra `m lk d}mh|g lm `k mw}k~adgdkh d}ghla }t|ml m`vmy* mh `kj}egr* g lmdklkr `k lmt|kha((( @m jjgà Harg { ha Yghgbarkg* Iabhh{(


12/77

MTDMHG KK

"Mhnaw}m dgòkg g |alat jat vrmtmh|mt+(

Gktbg "daà tk mtd}dbgrg tja gbarg mj j|kà da`mh|grka lmIabh taorm jgtr}mlgt lmj |rmh+9 Mtgt r}mlgt ha `m àjmt|gh lm`gtkgla* daà tk mt|}~kmrghbmdbgt lm ea`g( Mt|a{ `t vrmad}vglg var mj lmt|kha lm h}mt|ra ~kgim(

Harg9 G ` jg klmg `kt`g lm rmgjkygr h}mt|ra dahdkmr|a mh mt|m |rmh mvrmta*lahlm tm mt| dmjmorghla jg dah~mhdkh lm jlmrmt lm }h vgr|kla vaj|kda* `m

vgrmdm `}{ rgrg var ha lmdkr* lmtdgomjjglg3 Hglkm gw} mtd}dbgrg g

Omm|ba~mh( Tja jmt kh|mrmtg daà `gh|mhmrtm mh mj valmr(

@kjkd "krhkdg`mh|m+9 Jg dah~mhdkh lm jlmrmt lm jg ]VE* a tmg lm jg ]hkhlm jat vgr|klat mh mj eaokmrha* Tr|g( Harg((( [ mh d}gh|a g h}mt|rg lmt|khgdkh*bg{ w}m vrme}h|grjm g Tgh|at(((

Harg9 Jm vrme}h| lat ~mdmt {g mta* vmra mh ~gha((( gw} ~kmhm j ~kmhm dah t}dgrrk|a lm dgn(

Tgh|at mh|rg mh mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a dah }h dgrrk|a |rg{mhla dgn { oadglat( jmt e}gva mh t} }hknar`m lm tkr~kmh|m lmj dadbmlar`k|arka( Tgh|at |kmhm }hrm~j~mr erghlm g|gla g t} dkh|}rh(

Harg "g Tgh|at+9 Vraogojm`mh|m tmrg kh|kj vrme}h|gr h}m~g`mh|m taorm jglmt|khgdkh lm mt|m |rmh3 vgrmdm w}m tm |rg|g lm }h tmdrm|a lm mt|gla( A var w}mt| }t|ml gr`gla gbarg(

Tgh|at9 Mtgt gr`gt bgh tkla lkt|rko}klgt bgdm }h rg|a g |ala mj vmrtahgj lmj|rmh( [ mh d}gh|a g jg a|rg vrme}h|g9 tja tm t|g tme}ra lm w}m mj |rmh bg

dgòkgla t} lmt|kha khkdkgj((( \gj ~my jmt kh|mrmtgrg tgomr ja w}m {a bmmtd}dbgla mh mj dgrra rmtmr~gla vgrg jat lmjmeglat lm arkmh|gdkh tadkgjkt|g1

@kjkd9 Ha hat lkeg w}m mjjat |gòkh lktvahmh lm }h dgrra mtvmdkgj1

Iabh9 Mh `k avkhkh* mt `miar vgrg hata|rat mt|gr gw} i}h|at((( Tajat mh mt|mda`vgr|k`kmh|a lahlm valmàt dahdmh|rgrhat mh jg `tkdg( Vgt|mjmra g |}t

vgt|mjmt'


13/77

\^ vgh|gjjg tm gj}òrg mh mtm à`mh|a { gvgrmdm mj àl}ja ha`khglaHa|kdkgrka vrmtklmhdkgj* gda`vggla lm jat ge}lat |ahat nghngrrahgjmt( Jg

àlmrglarg lmj vraerg`g* }hg `}imr `gw}kjjglg { glarhglg mdmtk~g`mh|mda`kmhyg g bgojgr(

Jg @almrglarg9 W}mrklat g`keat vgtgimrat lmj |rmh Jg Njmdbg grlkmh|m*|mhea mj vjgdmr lm gh}hdkgrjmt w}m `}{ vrah|a h}mt|ra @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj ~gg gvgrmdmr mh jg `kt`g vgh|gjjg dah mj vravtk|a lm((( "o}tdg vmrvjmig gjea mht}t vgvmjmt* bgt|g w}m mhd}mh|rg jg baig lmtmglg+((( lm mvjkdgrjmt jg rgyh lmjdgòka lm lmt|khgdkh lm h}mt|ra |rmh((( Ha tm ~g{gh* ~gàt g rmermtgr mh }hkht|gh|m'

Mh jg vgh|gjjg tm `}mt|rg }h g~kta da`mrdkgj lm |kva oghgj m krrk|gojm "varmim`vja9 Lkemhmt o}tdghla dah t} jkh|mrhg }h rajja lm vgvmj bkekhkda a gjea

vgrmdkla+(

Mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a tm tgd}lm jkemrg`mh|m { var jg ~mh|ghg mh|rgh jat rmnjmiatlm jg j}y raikyg(

Jg @almrglarg "tm vgrg var mj à`mh|a* j}mea dah|khg+9 [ gbarg gje}hgt o}mhgt ha|kdkgt vgrg }t|mlmt9 H}mt|rg vral}ddkh dgnm|mrg bg t}okla rmdkh

=-((( H}mt|rg n}mryg lm vgy mh~kglg g Gnrkdg(((

Harg tm jm~gh|g lm t} gtkmh|a {* ~ktkojm`mh|m krrk|glg gvgeg jg vgh|gjjg(

Gktbg9 mh mj mh|rm|gh|a tm kht|gjg mh vatkdkh [aeg vgrg jg `mlk|gdkh9 dah jgtvkmrhgt dr}yglgt mh t} gtkmh|a { gktjhlatm `mh|gj mh|m lm jat a|rat(

Harg9 Ha `m e}t|g d}ghla hat jjg`gh %`tkdat%( Mt|a hat djgtknkdgvranmtkahgj`mh|m { ha b}`ghg`mh|m( Hat vahm mh }h vmlmt|gj gj|a* khlmokla9Ab* ]t|ml mt }h gr|kt|g* w} ra`h|kda' "Davkg lm `ghmrg d`kdg dahà~k kmh|at lm t}t `ghat { lm jg dgomyg daà |adghla mj ~kajh+((( A* mhdgòka* hat djgtknkdg mh jg `kt`g dg|mearg w}m g jat `tkdat dgjjmimrat* dah}h vjg|k|a lm mt|ga vgrg jgt àhmlgt nrmh|m(((

@kjkd9 Vmra hata|rat taàt `tkdat* ha mt ~mrlgl1

Harg9 T* taàt `tkdat( Vmra daà tmrmt b}`ghat taàt lkt|kh|at((( Mh jgj|kà arw}mt|g lahlm {a |adgog* gje}hat dajmegt gvmhgt valgh mtvmrgr mjnkhgj lmj dahdkmr|a vgrg kr g }h ogr ~mdkha lahlm gvat|gogh g jat dgogjjat( [a


14/77

bm ~kt|a vmrtahgj`mh|m g gje}hat `tkdat jjmegr gj dahdkmr|a ogt|gh|m%mtvkrk|}gjkyglat%(

@kjkd9 ]h ~gta lm ~kha |kh|a g ` |gòkh `m e}t|g* vmra lmtv}t lmjdahdkmr|a((( ]t|ml tgom `}{ okmh w}m vgrg vrmvgrgrtm vgrg }h dahdkmr|a tmrka*mt hmdmtgrka vrgd|kdgr bargt { bargt gktjgla dah t} kht|r}`mh|a(

Harg9 Mt|a mt mgd|g`mh|m mj v}h|a9 tkm`vrm tm mhd}mh|rg }hg o}mhg md}tgvgrg dgmr mh jg |rg`vg lm jg `gjg nm( Jg `g{arg lm hata|rat lmig jg darrkmh|mw}m hat jjm~g glahlm tmg o}tdghla md}tgt vranmtkahgjmt* aojkegdkahmtng`kjkgrmt a tk`vjm`mh|m `m|kmhla jg dgomyg mh jg grmhg daà mj g~mt|r}y((( [ha tm |rg|g tja lm jg emh|m da`h { darrkmh|m( Gt tm da`var|gh bgt|g jat

i}mdmt lm jgt dar|mt t}vrm`gt { jat `ktàt vrmtklmh|mt lm mt|gla(

@kjkd9 G ` `m vgrmdm* g ~mdmt* w}m |ala mta ha ~gjm jg vmhg( B}oa `tkdatdarrkmh|mt { àjkmh|mt daà hata|rat l}rgh|m jat |km`vat Erkmeat* _a`ghat*mj _mhgdk`kmh|a* dah|m`varhmat lm @aygr| a Omm|ba~mh { gh rmdkh( [w}kmh tm gd}mrlg lm mjjat1 Mh mj dgta à* var mim`vja* h}hdg t}vm w}mgr|mtgha bkya mt|m ~kajahdbmja w}m mt|a{ dahlmhgla g jjm~gr dah`kea mj rmt|alm `k ~klg((( Mt lmvrk`mh|m tgomr |gòkh w}m ha k`var|g tk }ha mt| mh }hdgrra dah jat vaj|kdat* jat aormrat a dah jat gr|kt|gt* |alat mt|gàt ~kgighla

mh mt|m |rmh daà vgtgimrat tkh oajm|at { hkheh lmt|kha lm h}mt|rg avdkh~mrlglmrg(

Tgh|at "\mr`khghla lm tmr~kr mj dgn+9 Mb* g vravtk|a' Lmoa lmdkrjmt w}m}t|mlmt ha tah jat hkdat gr|kt|gt gw}((( Mh mt|m `ktà dgrra bg{da`vgr|k`mh|at tmvgrglat vgrg mtdrk|armt { vkh|armt( Jg `g{arg lm mjjatlmtlm mj da`kmhya lmj ~kgim i}meg gj vw}mr { t}t omoklgt vrmnmrklgt tah mj|mw}kjg a mj ~alcg((( Jat vmrkalkt|gt* var a|ra jgla* mt|h gdaàlglat mh jat

vrk`mrat da`vgr|k`kmh|at lmj tke}kmh|m dgrra3 mjjat vrmnkmrmh dmr~myg dahtgjdbkdbgt { oadglkjjat(

Harg9 Vmra `m e}t|grg `t okmh tgomr gjea taorm mj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj {t}t kh|mhdkahmt( Tk jgt ~mg djgra j `ktà* mt lmdkr(((

Egryh "ogighla jg ~ay+9 Lkdmh lm j w}m h}hdg rm~mjg t}t kh|mhdkahmt { rgrg~my mtd}dbg jg avkhkh lm gje}kmh((( "dah|khg* ao~kg`mh|m vmr|}rogla+ vmra mj

vrk`mr dgrra mt tmr~kla var vmrtahgj mtvmdkgj mh|m rmdj}|gla(((


15/77

@kjkd "`t vgrg t `ktà+9 Mt khdrmojm w}m |alat mtat er}vat lm vaj|kdat* vmrkalkt|gt { gr|kt|gt mt|h tke}kmhla gj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj ~aj}h|grkg`mh|m3

g vmtgr lm jgt lknmrmhdkgt d}j|}rgjmt m klmajekdgt(

Egryh "Daà dahnklmhdkghla+9 Gjea taorm mt|a mtd}db mh mj dgrra lm jattadkgjkt|gt( Mjjat lmtlm mj da`kmhya lm mt|m ~kgim* vklkmrah w}m mj @gw}khkt|g

vrkhdkvgj lmnkhg t}t aoim|k~at djgrg`mh|m3 mh dgta dah|rgrka* g`mhgygrah* mjjat~gh g khtkt|kr mh w}m t} dgrra tm tmvgrm lmj rmt|a( Vmra j((( "Tm mtd}dbg }h

tahkla daà lm }h dmj}jgr {Tgh|at lm|kmhm t} bkt|arkg gor}v|g`mh|m {germeg+9 Gbarg* tk }t|mlmt vmr`k|mh(((

Tgh|at tgjm dah t} dgrra gj darrmlar* {g gktjgla var jg j}y lmj rmnjmd|ar w}m

tke}m mhnadhlaja( J}mea tgdg t} dmj}jgr { `grdg g }h h`mra(

ây "lm }h vgrjgh|m kh~ktkojm+9 \m mtd}dbgàt* H`mra 6674(((

Tgh|at "bgojghla mh mj dmj}jgr+9 Tmar* gdgoa lm mh|mrgr`m((( Mh mjda`vgr|k`kmh|a h`mra >> bgojgh rgra taorm mj Vrkhdkvgj(((

ây9 Lhlm jat `tkdat1 ((( Mb* mtat gr|kt|gt((( Vmra ~gàt g gd|k~gr mjrmekt|rglar mtvmdkgj lahlm mjjat |gòkh* mh |ala dgta( Jat gr|kt|gt v}mlmh

emhmrgr klmgt m|rggt { mta v}mlm tmr vmjkerata((( Bmàt gglkla ?6 v}h|at g|} d}mh|g* H`mra 6674( @gh|hegtm gjmr|a'

Tgh|at9 Ergdkgt* Tmar(

Jg j}y lmj rmnjmd|armhnadg gj da`vgr|k`kmh|a H`mra >> lm h}m~a( Tm tkmh|mw}m mj r}kla lm jgt r}mlgt lmj |rmh g}`mh|g( Jat `tkdat omomh t} dgn mhtkjmhdka* kmh|rgt raikyat rmnjmiat lm j}y v}mlmh ~mrtm ~ajghla g |rg~t lm jg~mh|ghg( Jg |mhtkh mh mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a* vrmtmh|m lm nar`g jg|mh|m lmtlm mjda`kmhya* gbarg mt vgjvk|gh|m { tm rmnjmig mh jgt `krglgt lm jat vrmtmh|mt(

@kjkd9 Vgrmdm w}m daht|gh|m`mh|m mt|gàt g}`mh|ghla jg ~mjadklgl1

Mj dgrra |rgw}m|mg taorm jat rkmjmt nmrra~kgrkat { Gktbg tm lmtvkmr|ggor}v|g`mh|m lm t} dah|m`vjgdkh "Vmra |alg~g vmr`ghmdkmhla mh vatkdkh

{aeg+( Iabh* w}m mt| tmh|gla gj jgla lm mjjg* jm |a`g jg `gha vgrg|rghw}kjkygrjg(


16/77


17/77

ây lmj |dhkda9 Lktd}jvm* tmar' Gdgogàt lm dahmd|gr mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a

H`mra >> mh jg rml(((

@gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj "dah|khg+9 Mj \rg|gla lm Daavmrgdkh Kh|mergj(((Gbarg gjea `t taorm h}mt|ra |rmh d}{g ~mh|gig vrkhdkvgj mt w}m t} daht}àlm mhmreg mt| mh jg vravardkh kh~mrtg g t} ~mjadklgl( A vgrg vahmrja mh|r`khat tk`vjmt9 mj |rmh v}mlm lmtv}t lm eghgr 7=6 ckj`m|rat var barg* varmim`vja* tme}kr eghghla jg ~mjadklgl `kmh|rgt mj daht}à lm mhmreg tke}mlkt`kh}{mhla }h jaera lm jg |dhkdg àlmrhg jjg`glg Gjàbglg`geh|kdg* var vrk`mrg ~my gvjkdglg gw}( @m e}t|grg |gòkh gtme}rgrjmtw}m h}mt|ra |rmh mt| daht|r}kla tmeh jgt j|k`gt har`gt |mdhajekdgt { w}m

mt| vra|mekla dah|rg d}gjw}kmr mt|rgea vrm~ktkojm((( @k lmomr mt* tkh mògrea*khnar`grjmt w}m var rgyahmt lm tme}rklgl bmàt |mhkla w}m dgòkgr h}mt|rak|khmrgrka arkekhgj }h vada3 mh ~kt|g lm jg khnar`gdkh lm w}m }h er}va lm|mrrarkt|gt bg `khgla mj |hmj w}m hata|rat kh|mh|ogàt }tgr((( Vmra mt|g

vmw}mg khdah~mhkmhdkg ~g g tmr rmt}mj|g vrah|a { hata|rat rmgt}`krmàth}mt|rg dah~mhdkh j}mea* g}hw}m dah }h vada lm rm|rgta( "Jg vgh|gjjg tmatd}rmdm ergl}gj mh|m+(

Harg "krhkdg`mh|m+9 Khdah~mhkmhdkg1 Mjjat tajgh lmdkr var mj %\k|ghkd% w}m

ha mrg b}hlkojm* bgt|g w}m mhdah|r mtm |`vgha(

@kjkd9 [a |mhea jg k`vrmtkh vada |rghw}kjkyglarg* w}m mj daht|gh|m g}`mh|alm jg ~mjadklgl lm mt|m |rmh mt krrm~mrtkojm { w}m {g ha tm v}mlm lkt`kh}kr((( Mh|ala dgta* ja w}m hata|rat gdgogàt lm mtd}dbgr* gt daà mj rm~aj~mr lmTgh|at* khlkdgh vmjkera((( @m vrme}h|a var w} mj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj bglmdklkla dah|kh}gr jg dah~mhdkh mh tm`migh|m tk|}gdkh1

Jg dgrg lmj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj tm oarrg {g da`vjm|g`mh|m "nglm a}|+(

G |rg~t lm jg ~mh|ghg lmj da`vgr|k`kmh|a lm h}m~a mh|rg }h rmj`vgearaikya* daà }h rmnjmia lm jgt jjg`gt grlkmh|mt n}mrg lm jg ~mh|ghg( Gj `ktà|km`va tm mtd}dbg }h lktdrm|a tkjog|a9 B}* B}' Daà mda lm }h em`kla

vran}hla(

Harg "lmtv}t lm }hg orm~m rmnjmkh* rmnkrkhlatm g jg vrme}h|g lm @kjkd+9Varw}m jg khdmr|kl}òrm jm |rgm gje}hgt ~mh|gigt vaj|kdgt* glm`t lm g}`mh|grh}mt|rg lmvmhlmhdkg mh t} `ghmia lm datgt( Dah vgrmdklgt `ghkaorgt tmrml}dmh h}mt|rgt khlk~kl}gjklglmt gj hk~mj lm jgt vkmygt lm gimlrmy(((


18/77


19/77

Iabh "kh|mrr}`vkhlajmt+9 ]h à`mh|a* var ng~ar((( [a ha v}mla vmr`k|krw}m tm`migh|mt datgt* |gh got}rlgt* tm vrah}hdkmh mh mt|m da`vgr|k`kmh|a tkh

gje}hat da`mh|grkat( H}mt|ra @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj mt }hg nke}rg vojkdg okmhdahadklg* mjmeklg var jg `g{arg lm h}mt|rat dk}lglghat(

Harg "krhkdg`mh|m+9 L}rgh|m jg j|k`g ~a|gdkh j dahtke}k }hg `ktmrgojm`g{arg lm d}grmh|g { }h var dkmh|a mgd|g`mh|m* dah|rg jat |rmkh|g { h}m~m

var dkmh|a lm ~a|at mh ng~ar lm jg avatkdkh( Mj ~mkh|m var dkmh|a rmt|gh|m lmjat ~a|at lmvatk|glat n}m mh ojghda3 mh|rm a|rat* `k vravka ~a|a |gòkh(Lmtv}t tm gh}hdk w}m tja mj == var dkmh|a lm jat ~a|gh|mt mjmekojmt

vgr|kdkvgrah mh jg mjmddkh( " Mt gdahtmigojm vra{md|gr mj rmt}`mh lm jatrmt}j|glat lm mtm ~a|a |gòkh mh jg vgh|gjjg lm \^+(

MTDMHG K^

Mhnaw}m tm dgòkg g Iabh { Gktbg( Iabh* w}kmh ha bgdm dgta gj j|kàda`mh|grka lm Harg tm gdmrdg g Gktbg { mjjat lat tm kh~aj}drgh mh }hgdah~mrtgdkh gktjglat lm jat a|rat var jg j}y lmj rmnjmd|ar(

Iabh9 ]t|ml* Gktbg* vmrtahknkdg ja w}m hata|rat dahtklmrgàt daà mj valmrlm dahdmh|rgdkh arkmh|gj(

Gktbg9 Hata|rat %Arkmh|gjmt% daà }t|mlmt hat jjg`gh* lm bmdba mt|gàt~kmhla datgt lm }h he}ja lknmrmh|m((( Mh dah|rgt|m dah ja w}m hata|ratdahtklmrgàt }hg lmtdahdmh|rgdkh { }hg k`vgdkmhdkg |vkdg`mh|maddklmh|gjmt grrgkeglat mh mj tmh|k`kmh|a lm t}vmrkarklgl(

Iabh9 Lmtdahdmh|rgdkh* k`vgdkmhdkg* t}vmrkarklgl1 "Tahrkhlatm+( Ha mt~mrlgl w}m }t|ml `kt`g gj |adgr Omm|ba~mh* tkmh|m jg |rghw}kjklgl w}m

vra~kmhm lm t} bgokjklgl lm dah|m`vjgdkh mtvkrk|}gj1

Gktbg9 Omm|ba~mh ~k~g mh mj tkeja R^KKK((( d}ghla tm ~kgigog mh dadbmt gdgogjja { d}ghla jg emh|m l}rgh|m jgt bargt ~mtvmr|khgt bgdg a mtd}dbgog`tkdg mh j}egr lm vmegrtm g jg \^(

Iabh9 [ mh w} dahtkt|m jg k`vgdkmhdkg addklmh|gj1

Gktbg9 Var mim`vja* mh jg k`vgdkmhdkg bgdkg gw}mjjat w}m vkmhtgh lm `ghmrglknmrmh|m* mh vgr|kd}jgr jat w}m ~k~mh mh mj \mrdmr @}hla* d}{g ~ay mtndkj`mh|m lmtdgr|glg( \gòkh* mh }hg |mhlmhdkg dglg ~my `t `ghknkmt|g lm


20/77

rmtaj~mr jat vraojm`gt `}hlkgjmt gvjkdghla jg n}mryg lm jgt gr`gt mh ~my lmtme}kr mj dg`kha lm jgt jm{mt kh|mrhgdkahgjmt( O}lg mhtmgog w}m |ala ja w}m

mt| ~k~a* bgt|g mj khtmd|a `t vmw}ma w}m mhdah|rgàt mh h}mt|ra dg`kha*tm jm lmom rmtvm|gr t} lmrmdba g ~k~kr((( Vmra {a bm tkla `}{ g|rm~klg gj lmdkr|ala mt|a { var ng~ar gdmv|g `kt lktd}jvgt `t tkhdmrgt(

Iabh9 Var w} lmom lktd}jvgrtm }t|ml* Gktbg1 Var w} `m bg rm~mjgla t}avkhkh `t h|k`g1 [a `ktà jg kht|ke} g bgdmrja((( Tkm`vrm bm rmtvm|gla mjArkmh|m m khdj}ta bm drmla w}m gjj v}mlm mhdah|rgrtm gjea w}m `m g{}lgrg glmtd}orkr mj tkehknkdgla ad}j|a lm jg mkt|mhdkg b}`ghg(

Jg vgh|gjjg lm jg \^ gj nahla lmj da`vgr|k`kmh|a tm gj}òrg { m`vkmyg g

àt|rgr g~ktat da`mrdkgjmt( ]h vmrtahgim lm jg vgh|gjjg lmdjg`g9 /Mt|k`glat`lkdat { ngr`gd}|kdat* % LKG__MGT\AV% gjk~kg vraojm`gt lm lkemt|kh lmt}t djkmh|mt { lm mtg `ghmrg dah|rko}{m g gdjgrgr jg `mh|m(/ Mt|g nrghig mttme}klg lm `tkdg n}mr|m* |kva %rmeegm%(

Iabh "gdmrdhlatm g jg vgh|gjjg lm jg \^ { gvrm|ghla gje}hat oa|ahmt+9 [gha tm v}mlm `t gvgegr jg vgh|gjjg((( Gbg* nkhgj`mh|m jg dar|grah mjjat`ktàt'

L}rgh|m jg mh|mrg dah~mrtgdkh mh|rm mjjat lat* Gktbg mt| `}{ tmrmhg {dahdmh|rglg dah }hg tahrktg %|kva O}lg% mh t}t jgokat(

Iabh "g Gktbg+9 ]t|ml `mhdkah }hg ~my m`vmy t}t mt|}lkat lm `tkdg*vkgha* mh Dgòa{g(

Gktbg9 T( L}rgh|m mj rek`mh lm Cb`mr ra}em(((

Mhnaw}m mh jg vgh|gjjg lm \^ lahlm tm v}mlmh ~mr gje}hgt mtdmhgt "a na|at+lm jg e}mrrg mh Gtkg( Mh rm|ratvmd|k~g Gktbg dah t} vranmtarg lm vkgha "Harg

jg v}mlm vmrtahknkdgr+ kj}t|rghla tmeh jgt vatkokjklglmt lmj |mg|ra* mj lkjaeaw}m tke}m(

Gktbg "mh dah|kh}gdkh+9 ((([a vmrl g `kt vglrmt gj da`kmhya lm jgtbat|kjklglmt { `k `gmt|rg lm vkgha* }hg ~kmig tmarg m}ravmg w}m n}m tgj~glg

varw}m jgt g}|arklglmt hmdmtk|gogh }h kh|rvrm|m khejt* tm mhdgre lm `( Jattajlglat hat lmigogh gje}hg da`klg mh }h vjg|a lmvatk|gla mh mj }òrgj lm jgdgtg* daà g jat vmrrat( \gòkh lmigrah }h vmw}ma vkgha lm jg tmarg vmrahat vrabkokmrah t} }ta((( Hata|rat gvrmhlkàt w}m* d}orkmhla t}t |mdjgt


21/77

kh|mrkarmt dah }hg ~kmig |agjjg vjg{mrg* hkheh tahkla tm m`k|kr d}ghla {a|adgog((( Lm mtg `ghmrg v}lm dah|kh}gr dah `k gvrmhlkygim `kmh|rgt tagog

dah jg `tkdg `t oahk|g lmj `}hla(

Iabh9 Tkh mògrea* tm lmlkd g jg ~kajg nkhgj`mh|m(

Gktbg9 H}hdg `t bm |adgla mj vkgha lmtv}t((( "mjjg |a`g t} ~kajg+9 Vmra {aw}mrg vrme}h|grjm gjea mh rmjgdkh g `k la dah ~kajahdbmja(

Iabh9 ^gàt g ~aj~mr g mta mh }h à`mh|a* Gktbg((( D}ghla mrg mt|}lkgh|mjm taorm mj Hkr~ghg((( [ bgog k`gekhgla w}m gjea lm t} klmg v}mlmmhdah|rgrtm mh jg `tkdg( T}`mrekrtm mh mjjg daà mh }h vaya tkh nahla(

Gktbg9 [a ta{ O}lkt|g* vmra `t mh mj tmh|kla nkjatnkda((( Lmtlm w}m m`vmyg ~k~kr gw} mh addklmh|m bm dahadkla g gje}hat m}ravmat { har|mg`mrkdghatw}m tm kh|mrmtgh mh mj O}lktà daà vgr|m lm t} otw}mlg lm jg ~mrlglmkt|mhdkgj( Vmra* mh `k tkhdmrg avkhkh* hkhe}ha lm mjjat mh|mhlgh rmgj`mh|mt} hdjma* mj dahdmv|a lm Hkr~ghg( Mj Hkr~ghg ha v}mlm mh|mhlmrtm tk }hak`vahm hmdmtklglmt `g|mrkgjmt taorm a|rat3 mtvkrk|}gjmt* var mim`vja((( O}lg`ktà h}hdg tm da`vr hglg mh t} ~klg gl}j|g(

Iabh9 T}vahea w}m h}mt|ra Imtt Drkt|a |g`vada( Dahtklmrg }t|ml w}m mjAddklmh|m mt| gjmihlatm dglg ~my `t lm jat ~gjarmt mtvkrk|}gjmt1

Gktbg "tahrkhlatm+9 ]t|ml `ktà {g ja nar`}j ogt|gh|m okmh(

Iabh9 [ jg tgj~gdkh mt|grg mh mj Hkr~ghg1

Gktbg "tahrm lm h}m~a+9 Jg tgj~gdkh* w}kyt* ha mt lm k`var|ghdkg t}vrm`g(Ja w}m rmgj`mh|m d}mh|g mt jg `ghmrg lm jjmegr bgt|g mj Hkr~ghg* lm ~k~krtke}kmhla t} dg`kha { var mta jg vgdkmhdkg { mj valmr lm dahdmh|rgdkh tah

~k|gjmt( Vgrg jat O}lkt|gt* tm |rg|g `t lm mhdah|rgr }h dg`kha kj}`khglatke}kmhla jat vgtat lm O}lg* dah nkhmt lm mh|mhlmr h}mt|rg vmrtahgjklgl { t}lmt|kha( Tkh mògrea* jg `g{arg lm jat o}lkt|gt drmm w}m mj Hkr~ghg tja tm

v}mlm jaergr g |rg~t lm Tg`tgrg jg |rgt`kergdkh lm jat tmrmt(

Iabh9 Drkt|kghat drmmh w}m bg{ w}m vgtgr var mj V}reg|arka vrk`mra((( W}mhata|rat* mh mt|g vgr|m lmj `}hla* h|k`g`mh|m drmmàt mt w}m mj g}`mh|arvkla lmj hk~mj lm jg vral}ddkh daòkhgla dah mj mt|`}ja lm daht}`ktà*

valrg tgdgr jgt r}mlgt lm jg erkm|g(


22/77

Gktbg9 "`kmh|rgt w}m mh jg vgh|gjjg tm vra{md|gh kèmhmt lm }ha lm jat

dgtat lm b}hlk`kmh|at lm jat ogrdat-vm|rajmrat+ Khdj}ta* |gj ~my* tgj~grhatlmj vmjkera lm jg dah|g`khgdkh lm jat adghat w}m tmrg }h vrmtgeka lmjnrgdgta `}hlkgj lm jat mtn}mryat lm dahtmr~gr mj `mlka gòkmh|m1((( [a drmaw}m hkhe}hg |dhkdg* a |marg k`vmrtahgj* jaergrg mta((( Tm hmdmtk|grg jg

vgr|kdkvgdkh { }h mtn}mrya lm dglg }ha lm hata|rat mh m`v}igr jg r}mlg lmjvraermta b}`gha { lm mhdah|rgr mj tmh|kla kh|rhtmda lm h}mt|rgt ~klgt( Hglkmlmom |rg|gr lm k`vahmr }hg ~ktkh vgr|kd}jgr lmj n}|}ra g }h tmr b}`gha3`mhat g |alg jg b}`ghklgl((( Mh mt|m v}h|a bgh nrgdgtgla { ~gh g tme}krnrgdgtghla jgt erghlmt klmajaegt lmj `}hla((( D}gjw}kmr imnm lm gjeh v}moja|rglkdkahgj mh Khlkg a mh Dbkhg* var mim`vja* tgom w}m mt hmdmtgrka gnkghygr jg

vgr|kdkvgdkh lm |alat jat j}egrmat mh jg ~klg lm jg da`}hklgl( \alat*khdj}{mhla |gòkh g jat hkat* `g{armt lm mlgl a jat kh~jklat( [ bgdmrjat

vgr|kdkvgr var ja `mhat mh jg drkghyg lm jat vajjat a mh gjeh vmw}ma m~mh|atadkgj a rmjkekata((( Vmra {a rmgj`mh|m ha drma w}m }t|ml* dah t} ml}dgdkhdjtkdg bgorg((( "tm kh|mrr}`vm mhdaekmhla t}t baòrat+(

MTDMHG ^

Iabh9 Mh|mhlmr mta1 Mt ~mrlgl w}m h}mt|rg ~klg da`}hgj { dahdmv|a lm jg

vgr|kdkvgdkh mh jg da`}hklgl tah lknmrmh|mt { w}m mj jjg`gla tkt|m`gml}dg|k~a %addklmh|gj% mt| jmiat lmj mtvrk|} lm Hkr~ghg( @kt vglrmt* varmim`vja(((

Jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m tm ogig lmtvgdka { mj Mhnaw}m mt| mh Iabh w}kmh* mhrm|ratvmd|k~g* ~m mj da`mlar lm jg dgtg lm t}t vglrmt( Mjjat mt|h g v}h|alm gjàrygr3 mt mj à`mh|a lm jg argdkh( Mj vglrm lm Iabh tm vmrtkehg {mjjat m`vkmygh g da`mr l}rgh|m gjeh |km`va mh tkjmhdka( "Mt|g mtdmhg tm

v}mlm k`vra~ktgr tk@kjkd { Harg * g |rg~t lm }h dgòka jkemra lm ravg*|m`vargj`mh|m gt}`mh jat vgvmjmt lm jat vglrmt+(

Vglrm9 \} `glrm { {a lmomàt lmdkr|m gjea `}{ k`var|gh|m* Iabhh{((( Mt|g`gghg mj lkrmd|ar lm |} mtd}mjg hat jjg` { hat khnar` lm |} rmomjkh(((

Iabh"j}dkmhla {g }hg earrg |kva mtdajgr+9 Ha tm bg |rg|gla lm }hg rmomjkh* vglrm((( Lmom tmr w}m j jm khnar` taorm `k lktd}tkh l}rgh|m jg djgtm lmnkjatang( Gl`k|a w}m `k lktd}tkh n}m ogt|gh|m jkomrgj { g|rm~klg* vmra h}mt|ra

vranmtar lm nkjatang hat kh~k| g |alat(((


23/77

Vglrm9 Mt j* mj vranmtar* h}mt|ra da`vg|rka|g1

Iabh9 T* vmra j mt hg|k~a lm jg Khlkg( Var w} vrme}h|g }t|ml mta1

Vglrm9 Ab* var hglg mh vgr|kd}jgr3 ~kmhm emh|m gw} lm |algt vgr|mt dah klmgtrgrgt((( Lmdkr* daà `m vgrmdm bgt lkdba* w}m jg vat|}jgdkh lm jg mkt|mhdkglmj \alavalmrata g vrkark dghdmjg jg jkorm lm|mr`khgdkh b}`ghg ha tja mt}h tgdrkjmeka* Iabhh{* tkha w}m mt da`vjm|g`mh|m khdarrmd|a( Mj vranmtarlmomrg bgomr|m khlkdgla mta((( Lmtlm jg `ghyghg lm Glh { M~g |alathata|rat hat bgh anrmdkla jg vatkokjklgl lm mtdaemr jkorm`mh|m mh|rm mj okmh {mj `gj(

Iabh9 [a m`vmd `k lktd}tkh i}t|a mh mtm v}h|a9 Tk jg `ghyghg w}m rmegjM~g n}mrg mj vrk`mr vmdgla w}m gnmd|g g |alat jat b}`ghat* mt|a tkehknkdgrgw}m |alg jg mtvmdkm b}`ghg vrmtmh|m m`vmy `gj lmtlm mj da`kmhya lm t}mkt|mhdkg( [ mta hat khbgokjk|g vgrg jkomrgrhat lmj mt|ke`g { lm mjmekrjkorm`mh|m h}mt|ra lmt|kha(

Vglrm9 [a ha w}kmra mh|rgr mh lktd}tkh dah|kea taorm mtm gt}h|a* Iabhh{( @kkh|mhdkh mt dahnrah|gr|m dah mj bmdba w}m* g dg}tg lm |} rmomj((( |} lktd}tkh*bgogt vmr|}rogla mj mtvrk|} lm jg djgtm mh|mrg { mta mt ja w}m lmomt

mh|mhlmr((( Mt }hg datg ja w}m }ha vkmhtg mh vrk~gla { a|rg ja w}m tm lkdm g jatlm`t( H}mt|rgt vgjgorgt hat aojkegh { tm vmegh dah hata|rat vgrg tkm`vrm(((

Iabh9 Vmra }hg rmejg tk`kjgr n}m k`vmrg|k~g l}rgh|m mj |km`va lm T|gjkh* Bk|jmr{ h}mt|ra tmhglar @gdDgr|{* mh|rm a|rat mt|glkt|gt( [ vgrg ha `mhdkahgr g jatlkd|glarmt `kjk|grmt mh jat vgtmt lmj |mrdmr `}hla g w}kmhmt hata|rat* `m

vgrmdm g `* gva{gàt tk t}t rme`mhmt tah dahtklmrglat |kjmt(

@glrm9 Mtddbg|m d}klglatg`mh|m g |k `ktà { da`vrmhlmrt bgt|g d}hla|m m|rg~kgt|m* Iabhk( Tja jat ghgrw}kt|gt t}otdrkokrgh g |gjmt klmgt((( Gjea

tk`kjgr lmnmhlk mtm nkjtana nrghdt* Tgr|rm* w}kmh dgtk `m tml}ia dah t}mkt|mhdkgjktà l}rgh|m `k i}~mh|}l "mjjg tm vmrtkehg ~grkgt ~mdmt+( \m`m gh}mt|ra Lkat* bkia à* { rmd}mrlg w}m mh h}mt|ra `}hla dk~kjkygla ha bg{hkheh j}egr vgrg jat w}m vkmhtgh lmt|r}kr t} kt`g n}hlgdkh(

Iabh "~ktkojm`mh|m dahà~kla { grrmvmh|kla kh|mh|g |rghw}kjkygr jg+9 T*`glrm((( {a rm~ktgr |ala mta mh `k dgomyg( Tm ja vra`m|a(((


24/77

MTDMHG ^K

Jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m tm jm~gh|g { mj Mhnaw}m mt| lm h}m~a mh |alat jatvrmtmh|mt(

Gktbg "|a`g t} ~kajg mh jg `gha { jm `}mt|rg g Iabh }hg tmddkh mh jg baiglm `tkdg+( Gw} mt|* gj da`kmhya lm mt|g tmddkh(

@kjkd dah t} dbmja tm }hm g Gktbg { g Iabh( Mjjat "tkh Harg+ m`vkmygh g|adgr jg tmddkh w}m dah|kmhm }h la mh|rm jg ~kajg { dbmja "gj da`kmhya lmjd}gr|m|a %_gy}à~tck%+( Mt|g `tkdg mt mtd}dbglg var mj vojkda }h rg|a*gh|mt lm g|mh}grtm `kmh|rgt |rmt `tkdat da`kmhygh g w}mlgrtm

lar`klat+(

Tgh|at mh|rg mh mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a dah t} dgrrk|a { da`kmhyg g rmdaemr jati}meat lm dgn* |rg|ghla lm ha lmtvmr|gr g jat `tkdat w}m l}mr`mh( Mhnaw}mmh j { Harg w}kmh lktdrm|g`mh|m tm t}om }h vada jg ngjlg( D}ghla Tgh|at tmkhdjkhg vgrg rmdaemr t} |gyg lm dgn* Harg mt|krg jg `gha { gjdghyg t} odmvt(

Harg9 ]h m oamglar* t}vahea1

Tgh|at9 M - tajlgla* jg oakhg raig((( Mdbgla lmj tmr~kdka gd|k~a lmokla g}hg vmjmg g v}a( H}hdg `m drm{mrah w}m bgorg w}morgla jg hgrky lmh}mt|ra tgremh|a l}rgh|m }hg mtdgrg`}yg emhmrgj mh jg dgh|khg var v}ragddklmh|m(

Harg9 [ var w} ja bkya1

Tgh|at9 Varw}m j mrg }h bkia lm vmrrg* var t}v}mt|a((( Vmra {a ha jmgdahtmia w}m i}me}m dah jgt vmrtahgt tm`migh|mt g `* Tr|g( Harg("Igd|ghdkatg`mh|m+9 V}mlm tmr vmjkerata( " j tm gdmrdg g mjjg m kh|mh|ggorgygrjg* `kmh|rgt mjjg rmdbgyg t} `gha tahrkhlatm+((( ]hg lg`g daà}t|ml w}m n}m drkglg mh|rm gjealahmt(

Harg "mh t} àhajaea* bgdkg mj v}ojkda* kmh|rgt Tgh|at tke}m t} |rgogia+9Mh|rm gjealahmt1((( H}hdg tm lmom i}yegr g gje}kmh var t} gvgrkmhdkg a var t}

vranmtkh((( [a ~mhea arkekhgj`mh|m lm }h vgt vmw}ma lahlm jg vaojgdkhmh|mrg lmtlm |km`vat kh`màrgojmt bg gvrmhlkla g taorm~k~kr gj oarlm lm jat

vmjkerat àr|gjmt( " Jg j}y gbarg tja mhnadglg g Harg+((( @k dk}lgl hg|gj*^gjjkj}tkh* n}m daht|r}klg lkrmd|g`mh|m taorm }hg ormdbg tt`kdg gokt`gj*


25/77

mtdahlklg mh mj nahla lmj `gr((( L}rgh|m mj j|kà |mrrmà|a lm `k khnghdkg*tmh| dà h}mt|rg dgtg* mj baegr lm h}mt|rg nmjky ng`kjkg* tm |rghtnar`gog mh

r}khg( Hata|rat m`vmygàt g mtdgvgrhat tgj|ghla g |rg~t lm jgt ~mh|ghgt {darrkmhla var jg dgjjm bgdkg mj v}mr|a((( [a vmht w}m hata|rat h}hdg~aj~mrgàt gjj((( Vmra vada lmtv}t w}m jg |kmrrg gek|glg da`mhy g|rghw}kjkygrtm `kt vglrmt m`vmygrah g rmdaht|r}kr jg dgtg mh mj `ktà j}egr lmjg lmt|r}klg {* lmtv}t lm gjeh |km`va* tm aj~klgrah lm |ala((( Tgj~a t} bkig*

vmw}mg Harg* w}m l}rgh|m `}dba |km`va tke}k o}tdghla t} eg|k|g vmrlklgvar jgt dgjjmt lmj ogrrka lm~gt|gla(

Tgh|at "d}ghla mj mhnaw}m ~}mj~m g gòat+9 [a bm vgr|kdkvgla mh lat e}mrrgt{ gjj tm ~k~m lm }h lg g a|ra((( L}rgh|m jg e}mrrg tajgh laojgr h}mt|rat

t}mjlat(

T} da`vgr|k`kmh|a tm gek|g lm h}m~a `kmh|rgt w}m mj |rmh vgtg rvklg`mh|m var }hg mt|gdkh m`k|kmhla tkjog|at lm vmjkera( Jgt tgd}lklgt { jat tkjog|at~gh tme}klat var jat rmnjmiat w}m vra~kmhmh lm jg kh~ktkojm jjg`g raig { lmjem`kla lm jg vran}hlklgl(

Harg "g Tgh|at+9 [ w} vkmhtg taorm mt|m |rmh1

Tgh|at "ogig jg ~ay* lhlatm d}mh|g w}m a|rat `tkdat {g mt|h l}r`kmhla+9Jg datg `t kh|mjkemh|m tmrg tgj|gr gn}mrg* tk jg ~mjadklgl ja vmr`k|kmtm((( Tkhmògrea* {a ha goghlahgrg |gh ndkj`mh|m mt|m tmr~kdka* lahlm egha `}dbalkhmra((( Vmra |mhea a|rg vrav}mt|g vgrg }t|ml* Tr|g( Harg( [a |mhea gw}* mh mj`ktà dgrra* }h vmw}ma da`vgr|k`kmh|a lm tmr~kdka( Gjj |mhea }hg oa|mjjglm ubktc{ lm vrk`mrg((( ]t|ml v}mlm dah|gr dah `k lktdrmdkh( [ |gòkhd}mh|m dah`kea vgrg d}gjw}kmr m`mremhdkg( "Tgh|at j}mea tgjm* kh|mh|ghla ha

vra~adgr r}kla( Dgòka lm Mhnaw}m g |alat mh mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a w}m tke}mhlar`klat+(

MTDMHG KK

Harg tm ~}mj~m bgdkg @kjkd w}kmh mt| l}r`kmhla mh mj gtkmh|a gj jgla lm mjjg{ tm lg d}mh|g lm w}m j mt| |mhkmhla }hg vmtglkjjg( Mjjg v}mlm ~mr dà@kjkd* lm rmvmh|m* tm tkmh|g lmrmdba mh t} gtkmh|a* jat aiat gokmr|at { jg `krglgbgdkg mj |mdba(


26/77

Mhnaw}m mh @kjkd `kmh|rgt tm ogig jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m(

"Jg tke}kmh|m mtdmhg v}mlm tmr vrmtmh|glg tja var @kjkd daà }hg vgh|a`k`g a tm v}mlm }tgr g jat a|rat mh mj da`vgr|k`kmh|a dgòkghlavgvmjmt |m`vargj`mh|m lm jg `ghmrg lmtdrk|g mh jg mtdmhg lmIabh dah t}tvglrmt+(

@kjkd " t} ~ay `mydjglg dah mj r}ekla lm jat g~kahmt lm e}mrrg w}m tmgvrak`gh+9 Gw} ~kmhmh mjjat lm h}m~a "bgojg g gje}kmh gj jgla lm j - t}mtvatg+((( Tja mt|g ~my bg{ `t lm mjjat mh mj dkmja( Tk tja v}lkmrg ~mr jgtdgrgt lm jat vkja|at((( Vmra mjjat mt|h tkh rat|ra mh jat da`ghlat lm gw}mjjatg~kahmt gtmtkhat( Mjjat v}mlmh tmr ~gjkmh|mt a daogrlmt((( Jg lknmrmhdkg ha mt

mtmhdkgj {g w}m |alat mjjat tkmòrgh jg `}mr|m g dgòka lm t}t t}mjlat`mht}gjmt vra|meklat var jg `gt àlmrhg |dhkdg `kjk|gr( "Tm mtd}dbghgje}hgt mvjatkahmt lkt|gh|mt+((( Mt|a lmom mt|gr dmrdgha gj v}mh|m* mt|hkh|mh|ghla lmt|r}krja vraogojm`mh|m((( " Jat mvjatkahmt tm mtd}dbgh gbarg`}dba `t dmrdghgt* tme}klgt var rmnjmiat lm jjg`gt lm }h n}mea+( Vmra mt|agbarg mt mj igrlh khngh|kj mh jjg`gt* Lkat à' " Jgt tkrmhgt lm jgtgò}jghdkgt tm mtd}dbgh tme}klg`mh|m { }hg mhnmr`mrg ~mt|klg lm ojghdajjm~g g }h hka mh t}t orgyat+(((

@kjkd "lm|kmhm g jg mhnmr`mrg vgrg `krgr gj hka* { lmtv}t* daà mh }hggeahg+9 Mt|m mt h}mt|ra Lrgegh((( @g|grah g h}mt|ra Lrgegh* jatgtmtkhat'(

Jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m tm jm~gh|g lm h}m~a { Harg lmtvkmr|g g @kjkd* w}kmhjmh|g`mh|m ~}mj~m g jg rmgjklgl((( Mj Mhnaw}m t|g tja mh lat lm mjjat(

Harg9 \rghw}kjdmtm* @kjkd( t|at tah tk`vjm`mh|m `gjat t}mat(

@kjkd9 Lmtergdkglg`mh|m* ha tah tja t}mat((( Lmtlm mj |km`va mh w}m `k

mtvatg { {a vmrlkàt g h}mt|ra bkia* Lrgegh* dgtk |algt jgt hadbmt t}ma dahg~kahmt lm e}mrrg { oaògrlmat( Vraogojm`mh|m tmg mt|g jg rgyh var jg w}mgoghlah `k vgt(((

Harg9 Mj |km`va mt mj `miar tghglar* g`kea(

@kjkd "ha mtd}dbhlajg+9 Gbarg mh|kmhla w}m {a m`ker lmj vgt vgrgmhdah|rgr g mtat rmtvahtgojmt lm |alat jat oaògrlmat mh mj `}hla* gw}mjjatg w}kmhmt* m~klmh|m`mh|m* hkheh |kva lm i}t|kdkg tm v}mlm gvjkdgr varw}m tah


27/77

valmratat((( [a w}mrg vrme}h|grjmt9 var w} mjjat dahtklmrgogh d}jvgojm gh}mt|ra Lrgegh((( Vmra kh`mlkg|g`mh|m lmtv}t lm dr}ygr jg nrah|mrg { ~mr g

jat dk}lglghat lm jg Gjkghyg dah t}t dgjd}jglargt var||kjmt* jgt d`grgt~klmat* t}t bgò}re}mtgt { t}t vgvgt nrk|gt* dah t} ubktc{* ~kha a jg dmr~mygw}m omogh daà ge}g(((

Harg "gglkmhla g mta m kj}t|rhlaja dah vgh|a`k`g+9 ((({ t}t `}imrmt daht}t vmj}dgt* mdmtk~a `gw}kjjgim* o}t|at lm tkjkdahg(((

@kjkd9 ((( {a mh|mhl w}m `k lmtma mrg tkh tmh|kla* a tmg w}m mjjat {g n}mrahdahlmhglat((( Dahlmhglat g ~k~kr(

Harg9 A daà Tgr|rm lkrg rmnkrkhlatm g jgt ~kd|k`gt lm gw}mjjat igrlkhmratlkgojkdat9 dahlmhgla gj |kva lm ~klg ~mem|gj( Vmra gjj* mh t} M}ravg hg|k~g*rkem jg vgy var mj à`mh|a(((

@kjkd9 @miar lkdba w}m ~k~kàt gbarg gjj daà mh }h igrlh kh~mrhglmralahlm d}j|k~gh }h lgrukhktà vaj|kda { tadkgj mh mj `mlka lm jgt e}mrrgt {`ktmrkgt `}hlkgjmt( \rg|ghla lmtmtvmrglg`mh|m lm vgrgr jg ajg lmkh kergh|mt w}m tm mtdgvgh lm |algt vgr|mt((( Jg h}m~g M}ravg* dah t} gjkghyg`kjk|gr { dah t} |ravg lm kh|mr~mhdkh rvklg dglg lg `t tm vgrmdm((( "jm~gh|g

t} `gha* vgrmdkla gj tgj}la Hgyk+ ((( Vmra {a |mhea `k lajar `}{ vmrtahgj*Harg* { dglg ~my m vrmad}vg `mhat mj lmt|kha lm jat lm`t(

Harg "g@kjkd+9 [a |gòkh |mhg bmrklgt w}m tghgr* vmra jaer bgdmrja((( ]hg~my }t|ml `m vrme}h| var mt|gt dat|rgt mh `k `gha { {a m~k| jg rmtv}mt|g(((Mhnaw}m mh jg vgh|gjjg lahlm tm `}mt|rgh kèmhmt lm jat lkt|}rokat dk~kjmtmh }h j}egr lm G`rkdg Jg|khg { or}|gj kh|mr~mhdkh lm jg vajkdg w}m tm w}mlggj nahla d}ghla Harg da`kmhyg dah t} bkt|arkg(

Harg "mh dah|kh}gdkh+9 (((Vmra gbarg ~a{ g lmdkrjm ja w}m rmgj`mh|m vgt9

mt|at tah jgt `grdgt lmj vgja lm }h vajkdg l}rgh|m `k vgr|kdkvgdkh mh }hg~kajmh|g lmàt|rgdkh mt|}lkgh|kj dah|rg jg lkd|gl}rg `kjk|gr( j |rg| lmra`vmr`m jg `gha dah t} vgja* ja ~k mh t}t aiat jjmhat lm alka bgdkg hata|rat*w}khmt jm~gh|ogàt jg ~ay lm vra|mt|g dah|rg jg dr}mj g}|arklgl((( Dgtk }hga n}m hmdmtgrka vgrg tghgr mt|g `gha { rmt|g}rgr t} n}hdkh( [a |}~m w}mtavar|gr bargt { bargt lm |mrgvkg ntkdg kh|mhtk~g { gj |adgr `k ~kajh t}nrkgdah dglg ha|g( Vmra gvrmhl w}m }hg vmrtahg rmt}mj|g g t}vmrgr }h aot|d}jamh jg ~klg v}mlm tmr `t n}mr|m w}m d}gjw}kmr lkd|gl}rg(


28/77


29/77

MTDMHG KKK

Jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m tm ogig { mj Mhnaw}m mt| mh Harg w}kmh* dahà~k`kmh|at tahò}jat* tm jm~gh|g { jghyg }hg `krglg taorm t}t dajmegtlar`klat((( Mj |rmh gdmjmrg dah }h jgrea tkjokla* tme}kla lm }h jm~m |mòjar(Jgt jjg`gt raigt tm rmnjmigh h}m~g`mh|m mh jg ~mh|ghg lmj da`vgr|k`kmh|a {jgt ~admt lm vran}hlklgl tm v}mlmh ar `t lkt|kh|g`mh|m(

Harg "Mtd}dbghla vrk`mra jgt ~admt* j}mea bgojghla daà mh }h |rghdm+9Jg `}mr|m lmj gj`g* mta mt w}m g`mhgyg g |alat hata|rat((( ]hg nar`g lmdhdmr mtvkrk|}gj w}m Tgr|rm bgog lkgehat|kdgla daà vrlklg lm h}mt|rg

vmrtahgjklgl((( J}mea ja klmh|knkd daà vrmtmh|m mh mj khnkmrha lahlm jgtgj`gt jjargh* ha var jgt w}m`gl}rgt lm n}mea tkha var vmrlmr jgavar|}hklgl lm rmd}vmrgr t} jkomr|gl((( [ tk {a `m rmomja dah|rg mtm`gj1 Tk gdmv|a jg kh~k|gdkh lm Tgh|at((( Var ja `mhat valrg tmh|kr t}todmvt { t} `gtd}jkhklgl(((

Mh jg vgh|gjjg lm |mjm~ktkh lm rmvmh|m gvgrmdm vra{md|gla mj rat|ra lm Tgr|rm3dah mj dkegrrkjja { dah }hg tahrktg krhkdg ogia jg jm{mhlg9 Imgh Vg}j Tgr|rm*7;6=?66=(

Harg "Tm dahdmh|rg mh jg vgh|gjjg+9 T} dmh|mhgrka' T} dgrg mh jg vgh|gjjg lmmt|m |rmh' Gje}kmh mh jg tmddkh lm vravgeghlg lm mt|g dah~mhdkh bg bmdba}hg |arvm mw}k~adgdkh* tkh l}lg((( Tgr|rm* {g ldglgt g|rt* bgog mh|mhlkla jgt}ot|ghdkg lmj vraojm`g w}m tgd}lm gj `}hla àlmrha((( Jg hg|}rgjmygb}`ghg* gh|ke}g`mh|m tm `ghknmt|gog dr}mj tja d}ghla mrg vra~adglg*`ghkv}jglg var jat vaj|kdat { tm da`var|gog daà }h vhl}ja9 jg ~kajmhdkglm jg lmrmdbg a lm jg kyw}kmrlg( A khdjkhhlatm mh|rm jg e}mrrg { jg vgy* dglg~my dah `t ~kajmhdkg((( Vmra bg{ w}m vgrgr mta { lm }hg `ghmrg gi}t|gr mt|m

vhl}ja gj rk|à* ha lm jat valmratat tkha lm jat tmrmt b}`ghat da`}hmt {

darrkmh|mt(((

Harg "bgdm }hg vg}tg gh|mt lm tme}kr dah t} àhjaea vrkhdkvgj+9 Tgr|rm`ktà bg lmdjgrgla9 %Mj khnkmrha tah jat a|rat ( Vmra bg{ w}m kr }h vgta tgjj { lmdkr vrmdktg`mh|m9 Mj khnkmrha mt mj vrmlka lm jg lmokjklgl mh h}mt|rggj`g lahlm jat igrlkhmrat `gjnkdat hat |rghtnar`gh mh yghgbarkgt b}`ghgt

varw}m* g t}t aiat* hata|rat ha ~gjmàt jg vmhg hk `mrmdmàt rmtvm|a((( Tmrghmdmtgrka* var dahtke}kmh|m* vrk`mra lmtd}orkr jgt kh|mhdkahmt ~mrlglmrgt lmmtat igrlkhmrat((( Mj vraojm`g mt tja w}m mkt|mh lm`gtkgla lm mjjat(((


30/77

Lm`gtkglat o}rdrg|gt* imnmt lm vgr|klat vaj|kdat* lkrmd|armt lm darat*`gw}khkt|gt((( [ |alat mjjat vrm|mhlmh mhtmgrhat g dgh|gr gj }htaha*

d}j|k~grhat jk k|ghla lm mtg `ghmrg jg n}mryg lm h}mt|rg vmrtahgjklgl jkorm(

Harg "jm~gh|hlatm lm t} gtkmh|a l}rgh|m mj rmt|a lm t} àhjaea+9 Var mt|amt hmdmtgrka rmomjgrtm dah|rg mjjat* da`vra`m|mrtm g ng~ar lm jgt dg}tgt w}mng~armdmh jg jkomr|gl( [ g |rg~t lm jat gd|at a lm jat bmdbat gnkr`g|k~atdahnkr`grhat daà tmrmt b}`ghat jkormt { |rghtvgrmh|mt((( Gj dah|rgrka ha~gjlrgàt `t w}m }h vmhkw}m ra|a |krgla g }h `mhlkea mh mj v}mh|m((( Varmim`vja* {a `kt`g tkh tm`migh|mt gd|at vmr`ghmdmrg vgrg tkm`vrmklmh|knkdglg daà }h tme}hla ~kajh lm }h d}gr|m|a lm d}mrlgt ghhkà(

Harg " tm mt|rm`mdm ~ktkojm`mh|m { j}mea da`kmhyg g bgojgr dah `tlm|mr`khgdkh* jat aiat mh jg k`gemh lm Tgr|rm w}m {g da`kmhyg glmtgvgrmdmr lm jg vgh|gjjg+9 Vmra {a* t* v}mla rmtkt|kr |gj lmt|kha((( V}mla |gj~my tml}dkr g Tgh|at {* i}h|a dah j { t} rm~j~mr* lm|mhmr mt|m |rmh {goghlahgr t} jadg dgrrmrg w}m jjm~g gj khnkmrha( ]h vrk`mr vgta bgdkg }h h}m~a|kva lm mkt|mhdkg vgrg gòat((( "Mgj|gla+9 Ha* jg ~klg ha mt mj Hkr~ghg lmGktbg* hk t} tkehknkdgla mt| tja mh jg `tkdg daà ja drmm Iabh((( Hk `mhatdahtkt|m mh eghgr lkhmra { egt|grja((( Jg ~klg mt mhdah|rgr h}mt|rg vravkg~mrlgl { vmrtahgjklgl b}`ghg* j}dbgr var mjjg {* d}ghla taàt ogt|gh|m

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MTDMHG KR

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@gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj(

Harg* lmtv}t lm }hg orm~m ~gdkjgdkh* gvrkm|g mj oa|h Tmr~kdka { dgtk lmkh`mlkg|a gvgrmdm Tgh|at( j gorgyg Harg nkr`m`mh|m { mh }h à~k`kmh|a~kearata rgig t} ~mt|kla* lmihlajg dgtk lmth}lg( j j}mea kh|mh|g jjm~grjg gjdarrmlar( Vmra mh mtm à`mh|a Harg m`vkmyg g rmtkt|krtm(

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D}ghla Tgh|at |rg|g lm m`v}igr g Harg bgdkg mj darrmlar var jg n}mryg* Iabh

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Iabh { @kjkd tme}klg`mh|m gt}`mh t} vatkdkh lm lar`klat gh|mrkar*`kmh|rgt w}m Harg mh mj mh|rm|gh|a tm vahm jat gh|maiat( Mh à~k`kmh|attahò}jat |gòkh dah t} vg}mja mh jg `gha* Harg da`kmhyg g oarrgr %jatrgt|rat lm tgherm% mh mj t}mja w}m tah mh rmgjklgl jat rmnjmiat lmj ogkjm lmjjg`gt raigt w}m vmhm|rgh g |rg~t lm jg ~mh|ghg { w}m tke}mh %mtdgvhlatm%

ogia t}t lmlat(


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Jg dar|khg |rghtvgrmh|m tm jm~gh|g { mj Vmrkalkt|g mh|rg mh mj

da`vgr|k`kmh|a lm h}m~a(

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jg k`vrmtkh lm w}m bm ala }h lktvgra lm t} da`vgr|k`kmh|a1

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Vmrkalkt|g "g Iabh+9 ]t|ml* `gmt|ra1 Gbarg `m rmd}mrla lm |ala((( \mhg}hg dah~mrtgdkh orm~m dah }t|ml lmjgh|m lmj Gjomr| Bgjj mh Jahlrmt* lahlmanrmdk da`vrgr`m }h oajm|a taorgh|m vgrg mj dahdkmr|a lm }h d}gr|m|a lmd}mrlgt lm Gjm`ghkg((( ]t|ml |adgog t} ~kajh dmrdg lm jg mh|rglg* dah }hg |gyg

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Iabh9 @m lgrg vjgdmr bgdmrja( "\a`ghla t} ~kajh+9 Vmra ha gbarg* ha mh mt|mà`mh|a((( Hata|rat hmdmtk|gàt t vrd|kdg gh|mt lm h}mt|ra dahdkmr|a(

Vmrkalkt|g9 [ {a bm vra`m|kla |rgmr }h vada `t lm dmr~myg g `kt dajmegt(((Bgt|g jg vrk`g avar|}hklgl* mh|ahdmt((( Lhlm tm `m|k h}mt|ra àyaTgh|at lm h}m~a1 "J}mea tgjm lmj da`vgr|k`kmh|a+(


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Mhnaw}m mh jg vgh|gjjg lm \^ lahlm tm |mr`khg jg ogdghgj { da`kmhyg g

bgojgr mj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgj "jm{mhla }h vgvmjk|a w}m gdgogh lmmh|rmegrjm+9 H}mt|ra vmw}ma vraojm`g |dhkda mt| rmt}mj|a gbarg* `ktw}mrklat da`vgmrat lm ~kgim { gjkglat vaj|kdat((( Vrah|a m`vmygrmàt lmh}m~a dah h}mt|rat vradmlk`kmh|at((( "T} ~ay tm vkmrlm mh }h |gr|g`}lma+(((

H}mt|ra orkjjgh|m n}|}ra* w}m lmom rmt}j|gr lm mt|g dah~mhdkh* i}t|knkdgrg(((

@kjkd tm jm~gh|g {* dah }h tmh|k`kmh|a lm rmv}jtkh rmnjmigla mh t} dgrg* dah}h eajvm lmj v}a dar|g jg |mjm~ktkh( Jg dgrg lmj @gw}khkt|g vrkhdkvgjlmtgvgrmdm ergl}gj`mh|m* i}h|a dah t} tahrktg tgrlhkdg { era|mtdg( Mj rmjailm jg vgh|gjjg tm gvjgt|g gh `t { lmtgvgrmdm |gòkh(

Iabh gnkhg t} ~kajh { mj rmt|a lm jat `tkdat* khdj}ta Harg* tke}mh t}mim`vja |a`ghla t}t kht|r}`mh|at(

Mh mtm à`mh|a* d}ghla mt| ogt|gh|m djgra w}m jg vrmtmh|gdkh lmj lrg`g tmmt| |mr`khghla* }hg ây lmj vojkda tm a{m `}{ djgrg`mh|m9

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jg ~klg b}`ghg1

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avkhkh* }t|ml hmdmtk|grg lml}dkr vmrtahgj`mh|m t} vravkg dahdj}tkh( [ vgrgt} vravkg ~klg |gòkh(

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D k m h g a t l m T g r | r m "]h mhtg{a+

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@k lrg`g v}ojkdglg gw} ogia mj ||}ja %Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat% |gòkh tm rmnkmrm gjvraojm`g lm jg lk~khklgl vmra t} dahnjkd|a vrkhdkvgj mt `t okmh dah|m`varhma( Tgr|rm jajjg`grg9 }hg drktkt lm jg g}|arklgl t}vrm`g( Mtg drktkt* lm }hg `ghmrg* tm vgrmdm g jgad}rrklg mh mj |km`va lm gh|ke}g Ermdkg grrgt|rglg var jg dglg lm jat lkatmt aj`vkdat( Tajaw}m gbarg jg drktkt kh~aj}drg ha taja }hg vmhht}jg vmra g`mhgyg mj arlmh tadkgj { mjogjghdm mdajekda mh mj `}hla mh|mra(

Mh |ala dgta* mj lrg`g %Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat w}m bm lmha`khgla mkt|mhdkgjkt|g%* mt|drmgla daà }hg vkmyg |mg|rgj w}m rmnjmig jg ~kemhdkg lm jg |a|gjklgl lm jgt aorgt lm Tgr|rmdaà }hg rmnmrmhdkg ~jklg vgrg gvrmdkgr jgt darrkmh|mt klmajekdgt { vaj|kdgt lmj `}hla gda`kmhyat lmj tkeja RRK( G vmtgr lm w}m mtgt aorgt* g `mh}la* tm rmjgdkahgh a jk`k|gh dahjg vadg lm jg Tme}hlg E}mrrg @}hlkgj { w}m mj mkt|mhdkgjktà lm Tgr|rm tm dahtklmrgbgok|}gj`mh|m daà jg nkjatang |vkdg lmj tkeja RR( Omrhgrl Bmhrk J~{* var mim`vja*v}ojkd }hg okaergng lm Tgr|rm ogia mj ||}ja9 Mj Tkeja lm Tgr|rm "J~{* O(B(* Jm tkdjm lmTgr|rm* Mhw}|m vbkjatavbkw}m* Ergttm|* Vgrkt ?666+( j |gòkh lmha`kh Tgr|rm daà]h Baòrmtkeja mh Jm Ha}~mj Aotmr~g|m}r "747; igh~kmr ?666+(

Mt ~mrlgl w}m Tgr|rm ~k~k mh mj tkeja ~mkh|m "~mr jg tmddkh ^ Okaergng+ { w}m l}rgh|mmtm tkeja ad}rrkmrah |algt jgt j}dbgt vaj|kdgt { jk|mrgrkgt w}m tm bgh bmdba vgr|m khtmvgrgojmlm t} vmrtahgjklgl drmg|k~g( Glm`t* ha bg{ l}lg lm w}m gje}hgt lm t}t aorgt* daà taht}t Tk|}gdkahmt "~mr jg tmddkh ^ Okojkaergng+* gt daà t}t mtdrk|at taorm m~mh|atvaj|kdat lm jg vadg* bgh w}mlgla daà ~gjkatat lad}`mh|at bkt|rkdat lmj tkeja vgtgla(

Tkh mògrea* jg g{arg lm jgt aorgt lm Tgr|rm bgh tkla mtdrk|gt dah jat ~md|armt |m`vargjmtlm|mr`khglat tja ~geg`mh|m( A* var ja `mhat "daà mt mj dgta lm jat lrg`gt lmTbgcmtvmgrm+* |gjmt ~md|armt ha tah lm k`var|ghdkg vrkàrlkgj( Jg Hg}tmg* var mim`vja( [dgtk |algt t}t aorgt lm |mg|ra( @m g|rm~a g lmdkr |gòkh w}m gje}hgt klmgt otkdgtmvrmtglgt mh t} aorg nkjatnkdg dgvk|gj Mj Tmr { jg Hglg* g vmtgr lm t} hngtktmkt|mhdkgjkt|g* valrgh bgomr tkla nar`}jglgt var gjeh nkjtana erkmea* Tdrg|mt varmim`vja(


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~klg* var }h jgla* v}mlm rmt}j|gr mh jg `gjg nm vmra w}m mtdaemr jg jkomr|gl* var mj a|rav}mlm da`vjkdgr jg ~klg lm }hg vmrtahg(

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D}j mt mj tkehknkdgla lm jg ~klg1

L}rgh|m t} ngtm khkdkgj mh jg vadg lm jg e}mrrg { jg ad}vgdkh gjm`ghg* mh vgr|kd}jgr* mjmkt|mhdkgjktà lm Tgr|rm mrg `t da`vg|kojm dah mj lm Gomr| Dg`}t( Mt|a mt m~klmh|m|gòkh mh jgt tke}kmh|mt dk|gdkahmt( ImghVg}j Tgr|rm* Jgt àtdgt "7;


38/77

Jg `gjg nm { mj vraojm`g lm jg g}|mh|kdklgl b}`ghg(

Ja w}m gnmd|g hmeg|k~g`mh|m mj jaera lm jg g}|mh|kdklgl b}`ghg mt dgtk tkm`vrm jgDahl}d|g lm gjg nm w}m* tmeh Tgr|rm* }tgàt "kh|mhdkahgj`mh|m a ha+ dah mj vravtk|alm mtdahlmrjg rmtvahtgokjklgl lm jat vravkat gd|at( Jg `gjg nm mt }hg nar`g lm mhegaw}m tm }tg rmjg|k~a gj `}hla m|mrkar "mtdahlkmhla tm ogia }hg `gtdgrg drmglg vgrg jata|rat+ a* }{ g mh}la* mt mj g}|amhega "var mim`vja3 ha v}mla vgr|kdkvgr mh jgt vra|mt|gtdah|rg jg khi}t|kdkg tadkgj varw}m |mhea w}m ad}vgr`m lm jg ng`kjkg+(

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Vgrg tgjkr lm mtm |kva lm lkjm`g* tmeh Tgr|rm* }h baòrm ~mrlglmrg`mh|m jkorm lmom tmrdgvgy lm t}vmrgr d}gjw}kmr |kva lm gjkhmgdkh w}m jk`k|g t} jkorm gjomlra3 gd|}ghla lm }hg`ghmrg gvgtkahglg { g}|h|kdg mh jat aiat lm jat a|rat( Tkh mògrea* t} gd|}gdkh lmom tmr

`t lm dgrd|mr mim`vjgr* w}m lm |rg|gr lm k`vahmr gjea g jat a|rat "daà tm khlkdg grrkog*Tgr|rm dgrgd|mrkyg daà %`gjg nm% jg rmjmegdkh lm jgt rmtvahtgokjklglmt khlk~kl}gjmt g jgtg}|arklglmt lm d}gjw}kmr |kva+( Jat ~gjarmt àrgjmt* w}m gnmd|gh mj tmh|kla vrkhdkvgj lm jg~klg tm v}mlmh lmtd}orkr taja mh }hg gddkh lmdklklg var jg dahdkmhdkg khlk~kl}gj( \algt jgtaorgt lm Tgr|rm khlkdgh mh mt|g lkrmddkh9 tja }h baòrm g}|mh|kda dgvgy lm ra`vmr jatjgyat w}m jk`k|gh t} jkomr|gl* mt dgvgy lm gvrmdkgr jat ~mrlglmrat ~gjarmt lm jg ~klg { lmlmtvrmhlmrjat lm gw}mjjat ogtglat g jg %`gjg nm%(

Daà }hg d}rkatklgl* dahmd|glg khlkrmd|g`mh|m dah mj |m`g lm mt|m mhtg{a* `mhdkahgàtw}m Tdrg|mt khlkd w}m jg `miar `ghmrg lm ~k~kr dah bahar mh mt|m `}hla mt %tmr ja w}mhata|rat vrm|mhlmàt tmr%( Tdrg|mt |gòkh }t jat |r`khat9 tmrmhklgl* rme}jgrklgl*

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Vgrg rmgjkygr h}mt|rg gd|}gdkh gnmd|ghla g jat a|rat ha tja mt hmdmtgrka vranmtgr jg |margdarrmd|g* mt k`var|gh|m da`vra`m|mrtm l}rgh|m jg ~klg at|rghla jat mim`vjat vmrtahgjmt g

|rg~t lm jgt gddkahmt darrmd|gt( Tgr|rm `ktà tkm`vrm |mhkg vrmtmh|m mt|m vat|}jgla( T}mkt|mhdkgjktà* ke}gj daà t} ~klg vravkg* mt `t okmh }h khlkdglar bgdkg jg rmgjkygdkh lm}h dahdmv|a lmj baòrm %da`vra`m|kla% dah mj `}hla rmgj w}m }hg dg|mearg ah|ajekdgdaà mt* var mim`vja* jg lkgjd|kdg lm Bmemj a jg nmha`mhajaeg lm B}ttmrj( Mt `t okmh}hg e}g vgrg jg gddkh b}`ghg(

Mj mkt|mhdkgjktà lm Tgr|rm ha |ajmrg hkhe}hg dg|mearkygdkh vrmlm|mr`khglg lm jg emh|m {dahtklmrg g dglg kmòra lm jg tadkmlgl jkorm lm lmtkehgr t} vravka lmt|kha mkekmhla lm jgtg}|arklglmt "vaj|kdgt* mdah`kdgt a klmajekdgt+ rmtvm|a var mj jkorm gjomlra lm |alat( Jattmrmt b}`ghat ha lmomh tmraoim|at vgrg tmr }tglat* hk |g`vada lmomh mt|gr gi}t|glat ajk`k|glat g }h àjlm a g jat vgvmjmt tadkgjmt lmtkehglat daà tmr }h àya a }h `tkda "|gj

daà mh mj lrg`g Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat* var mim`vja+( Dglg }ha lm hata|rat lmomm`vmgr mh lm|mr`khgr jkorm`mh|m t} vmrtahgjklgl { t} vgvmj tadkgj* tkh ta`m|mrtm gjmt|ke`g lm jg vranmtkh a lmj mt|gla ng`kjkgr(

Mh mt|m gtvmd|a vgr|kd}jgr mh|m* jg nkjatang lm Tgr|rm tm vgrmdm gj O}lktà "mh t} gtvmd|ankjatnkda gj `mhat+( ]h baòrm mkt|mhdkgjkt|g tm nar`g daht|gh|m`mh|m( Mh mj lrg`gJat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat* var mim`vja* Gktbg dahnkr`g w}m mh mj O}lktà ja `tk`var|gh|m |gj ~my tmg tme}kr mj tmhlmra bgdkg jg kj}`khgdkh w}m g jjmegr gj Hkr~ghg `kt`ggjdghygojm taja g jat tmjmd|at(


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Tmrg k`vatkojm mh }hg orm~m vrmtmh|gdkh daà jg w}m tm bgdm mh mj vrmtmh|m mhtg{a*goarlgr |alat jat gtvmd|at lm mkt|mhdkgjktà tgr|rmgha {* mh vgr|kd}jgr* jgt dg|meargtnkjatnkdgt rmjgdkahglgt g jg nmha`mhajaeg9 }h à~k`kmh|a nkjatnkda lm arkemh gjm`h

w}m rml}dm h}mt|rg mvmrkmhdkg lm `ghmrg daà tm rmnjmig mh jg dahdkmhdkg* tkh gvjkdgr mjnkj|ra lm }hg |marg a lml}ddkahmt { jat t}vatkdkahmt lm jgt dkmhdkgt hg|}rgjmt( Tm bghmt|}lkglat jat kh|mrvrm|gdkahmt nmha`mhajekdgt mh dg`va lm |majaeg* tadkajaeg*tkdajaeg* vtkw}kg|rg { gr|m* mh|rm a|rat { jg nmha`mhajaeg |alg~g tm v}mlm dahtklmrgrdaà }hg lm jgt mtd}mjgt `t k`var|gh|mt lm jg nkjatang kh|mrhgdkahgj àlmrhg(

Mh|rm jat nmha`mhjaeat nrghdmtmt bg{ w}m `mhdkahgr "glm`t lm Tgr|rm l}rgh|m t}t gatladmh|mt* mh vgr|kd}jgr+ mj nkjatan @mrjmg}Vah|{* g`kea { d}ghla Tgr|rm tm gdmrda gj`grktà { j}mea w}m lmdjgr w}m nkjatang ha mkt|m t} lmt|gdgla gl~mrtgrka(

Var rgyahmt lm jg orm~mlgl mt hmdmtgrka jk`k|grtm gw} tja g gje}hat v}h|at vrkhdkvgjmt lmj

mkt|mhdkgjktà* w}m tah lm kh|mrt lkrmd|a vgrg mj lrg`g Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat(

Ja w}m da`vjkdg jg |grmg mt w}m bg{ lat djgtmt lm nkjtanat mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt dah|m`varhmatlm Tgr|rm9 jat drkt|kghat* mh|rm jat d}gjmt tm mhd}mh|rgh Cgrj Igtvmrt "tkw}kg|rg { nkjtanaGjm`h+ { Egorkmj @grdmj "nkjtana { lrg`g|}rea nrghdt+* { jat mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt g|mat* mh|rmjat d}gjmt tm v}mlm dahtklmrgr* glm`t lm Tgr|rm* gj nkjtana gjm`h @gr|kh Bmklmeemr(

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Mj tmh|kla lm jg bmrmhdkg tgr|rmghg(

Tgr|rm mh t} aorg nkjatnkdg Dr|kdg lm jg rgyh lkgjd|kdg "Drk|kw}m lm jg rgktah lkgjmd|kw}m*7;>6+* da`mhy g |a`gr }hg vatkdkh `t rglkdgj dah rmtvm|a g jg nar`g mh w}m tm v}mlmjaergr }h dgòka lm jg tadkmlgl bgdkg }h h}m~a b}`ghktà( Dahdj}{mhla w}m jgkhnj}mhdkg lm jg tadkmlgl |rglkdkahgj taorm mj khlk~kl}a rmt}j|g mh jg tmrkgjkygdkh lmjbaòrm { jg vrlklg lm jg klmh|klgl vmrtahgj* vradjg` w}m jg jkomr|gl tm v}mlm rmdaorgrtaja g |rg~t lm jg gddkh rm~aj}dkahgrkg( Lmtv}t* g dg}tg lm jgt lmt~kgdkahmt lmj tkt|m`gmt|gjkhkt|g mh jg gh|ke}g ]hkh Ta~k|kdg { lmtv}t lm jgt kh|mr~mhdkahmt ta~k|kdgt mhB}herg { Dbmdatja~gw}kg* tm khdjkh g gva{gr jat à~k`kmh|at lm jg m|rm`g kyw}kmrlg*daà jat `gat|gt { jg rmomjlg mt|}lkgh|kj( Tkh mògrea h}hdg lmi lm drmmr mh jg

vatkokjklgl lm }hg tadkmlgl t i}t|g w}m jg dgvk|gjkt|g { mh }h }hla tkh ~kajmhdkg jaergla var jg ~aj}h|gl lm jat khlk~kl}at { ha var mj lkd|g`mh lm jgt g}|arklglmt mt|g|gjmt akhtvkrglg lm }hg klmajaeg(

Gj nkhgj lm t} ~klg Tgr|rm tm mh|}tkgt` dah mj ghgrw}ktà bgt|g w}m vmrtahgj`mh|m tm g}|avradjg` ghgrw}kt|g( Ja bkya varw}m tmeh t} vravka |mt|kàhka |a` jg vgjgorg ghgrw}g mht} tmh|kla m|kàjekda9 o}tdgr }hg tadkmlgl tkh g}|arklgl taorm jat baòrmt* tkh mt|gla3 }hgtadkmlgl mh jg w}m }h baòrm ha |kmhm valmr taorm a|ra(

Vgrg nar`grtm }hg klmg lmj dahdmv|a otkda lm jgt nar`gt tadkgjmt ogtglgt mh jg jkomr|glmkt|mhdkgjkt|g mh dah|rgt|m dah jgt %rme}jglgt%* }ha tm v}mlm rmnmrkr gj nkjatana { mtdrk|arr}ta @kcbgkj Ogcb|kh { g t}t mt|}lkat taorm mj |m`g lm dgrhg~gj nm}lgj9 "%Dgrhk~gj* Bkt|ar{

Ghl Vav}jgr D}j|}rm9 _gomjgkt* Eam|bm ghl Lat|am~tckk gt Vbkjatavbmrt%* 7;>=+(


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kht|k|}dkh v}rg`mh|m %Addklmh|gj%( N}m }h emt|a lm rmomjlg mkt|mhdkgjkt|g t}org{ghla mjmtvkrk|} lm t} aorg jk|mrgrkg "Jgt vgjgorgt egjgrlahglg mh mt|m dgta v}h|}gj+ lm jgkhtvkrgdkh hahdahnar`kt|g(

Lm a|ra jgla* Tgr|rm drk|kd mh t}t aorgt mhtg{t|kdgt { jk|mrgrkgt jg nrrmg lktdkvjkhg vaj|kdglm jat vgr|klat da`}hkt|gt "mh t} ergh `g{arg mt|gjkhkt|gt+ lm t} vadg* jg w}m vrmtmh|gog}h aot|d}ja g jg jkomr|gl lm t}t `kmòrat { g t} drmg|k~klgl "mh t} lrg`g %Jgt `ghatt}dkat%* mh vgr|kd}jgr+( G vmtgr lm w}m Tgr|rm* ogia }hg n}mr|m drk|kdg lm jg kyw}kmrlg*|m`vargj`mh|m rm|kr mj vmr`kta lm vrmtmh|gdkh lm mt|m lrg`g t} vraojm`g vrkhdkvgj9 jggjkhmgdkh lmj baòrm vaj|kda { vgr|klkt|g* w}ml ~kemh|m bgt|g mt|at lgt(

/J%ba``m mt| kh~mh|mr dbgw}m ia}r/ "Mj baòrm bg{ w}m kh~mh|grja dglg lg+ mtdrkokTgr|rm mh }ha lm t}t mhtg{at "%Tk|}gdkh%* 7;427;5=+( Mta n}m }hg djgrg khlkdgdkh lm w}m jha tm dgtgog dah hkhe}hg |marg nkig* lghla jg vrmnmrmhdkg g jg jkomr|glg lm gddkh( Mt|m

v}h|a bg tkla mh|rm jat `mhat da`vrmhlklat lm t} ~mrtkh lmj mkt|mhdkgjktà* khdj}tadgjknkdgla daà ~gk~mhmt klmajekdat "var gregt Jjatg* var mim`vja+(

Mh t} mhtg{a W} mt jg jk|mrg|}rg1 "^mr jg tmddkh Okojkaergng+ Tgr|rm mvahm t}t klmgttaorm mj |m`g w}m j ktà ~g g tme}kr mtdrkokmhla t}t aorgt jk|mrgrkgt3 Vmra h}hdg gj vkm lmjm|rg'( Bg{ w}m da`vra`m|mrtm* lkdm Tgr|rm* /jg vgjgorg mt gddkh/ "{ ha klmajaeg a |margd}gjw}kmrg w}m tmg+( Var mta |rg|gr lm tmvgrgrjg bmrmhdkg lm Tgr|rm "{ lmj mkt|mhdkgjktàtgr|rmgha+ lm t} gddkh d}j|}rgj a vaj|kdg tmrg* lm gjeh àla* daà |rg|gr lm tmvgrgrLkemhmt lm t} ngàta ogrrkj a lm jg jkh|mrhg w}m }tgog mh o}tdg lm % baòrm ~mrlglmra %(Var a|ra jgla* |g`vada tmrg }h mrrar klmh|knkdgr g Tgr|rm { t}t aorgt gr|t|kdgt a nkjatnkdgtdah t}t j}dbgt lkgrkgt lm dgrd|mr vaj|kda tkh |rg|gr lm lmnkhkr jgt tk|}gdkahmt mh w}m tm

mt|h drmglat

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tadkgj( Dah|rgrka g jat dahdmv|at mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt taorm jg jkomr|gl lmj baòrm dahtklmrglgvrk`mrg`mh|m daà jg jkomr|gl khlk~kl}gj* mj `g|mrkgjktà lkgjd|kda vat|}jg w}m jg jkomr|gllm |alat tm v}mlm jaergr tajg`mh|m g |rg~t lm jg jkomrgdkh lm jg B}`ghklgl* a var ja

`mhat* lm |alat jat `kmòrat lm }hg tadkmlgl lglg3 }tghla nkjatang ha tja vgrgda`vrmhlmr mj @}hla tkha vgrg dgòkgrja( Mh t} mhtg{a Mkt|mhdkgjktà { @grktà*gt daà mh ~grkat a|rat gr|d}jat lmlkdglat g mt|g |m`g* Tgr|rm lkdm* tkh mògrea* w}m jgtlat nkjatangt o}tdgh mj `ktà aoim|k~a "klmh|knkdgr jg nkjatang dah jg ~klg+ vmra w}m mj@grktà (((bg gotarokla gj baòrm var jg klmg* `kmh|rgt w}m mj mkt|mhdkgjktà tmdahdmh|rg mh jat tmrmt b}`ghat jkormt lm har`gt klmajekdgt( Mh a|rgt vgjgorgt* tm v}mlmhlm|mr`khgr daà jat ~kgimrat tkh oajm|at(

Jat dr|kdat rmjkekatat* var t} vgr|m* tm dahdmh|rgogh mh jat gtvmd|at àrgjmt lmjmkt|mhdkgjktà g|ma lm Tgr|rm lkdkmhla w}m tm |rg|gog lm }hg nkjatang w}m lmig g jat tmrmtb}`ghat goghlahglat* vgrg w}m mjjat var t tajat mt|gojmydgh { tkegh t}t ~gjarmt b}`ghat(Tk ha mkt|mh `t gje}hat ~gjarmt }hk~mrtgjmt* khlkdgogh mjjat* d}gjw}kmr datg "a dg}tg+ v}mlm tmr dahtklmrglg daà }h aoim|k~a lm ~gjar* khdj}ta jat aoim|k~at àrgj`mh|m`gj~glat( Jg rmtv}mt|g lm Tgr|rm {g n}m goarlglg mh jg tmddkh grrkog* lmlkdglg g jg `gjg nm{ gj vraojm`g lm jg g}|mh|kdklgl lm jat tmrmt b}`ghat( Daà tm gdmh|g gj nkhgj lmj lrg`g%Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat* mtg rmtv}mt|g ha mt emhmrgjkyglg { dglg tmr b}`gha |kmhm w}mmhdah|rgrjg var t `ktà( [ gj nkhgj bg{ w}m `mhdkahgr }hg aoimdkh rmjg|k~g gj ~gjar lm jgnkjatang `kt`g vgrg mj baòrm àlmrha {g gdat|}òrgla g gvrmdkgr jg hg|}rgjmyg "aoim|k~g{ b}`ghg+ g |rg~t lmj vrkt`g dkmh|nkda* }tghla `|alat m`vrkdat m`vjmglat var jgtdkmhdkgt ~kemh|mt lmtlm jgt h}djmgrmt bgt|g jg tkdajaeg( ]hat da`mh|grkat taorm mj |m`g tmv}mlmh mhdah|rgr mh jg tke}kmh|m tmddkh lmlkdglg gj vrge`g|ktà { mj mkt|mhdkgjktà(

V=6

Mkt|mhdkgjktà { vrge`g|ktà jgt j|k`gt laterghlmt mtd}mjgt lm jg nkjatang addklmh|gj(

Mj tkehknkdgla lmj |r`kha nkjatnkda %mkt|mhdkgjktà% daà tm m`vjmg mh mj lrg`g %Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat%tm v}mlm* w}kyt* `miar mh|mhlmr da`vgrhlaja dah jg a|rg erghnkjatang lm jat |km`vat dah|m`varhmat9 Vrge`g|ktà( L}rgh|m jg `k|gl lmj tkeja vgtgla"RR+ vgrmdg w}m jgt lat mtd}mjgt lm nkjatang mrgh t okmh da`vjm`mh|grkgt* vmra lmtlm jg`}mr|m lm Tgr|rm* mh Vgrkt 7;56* tm bg lmàt|rgla jg khda`vg|kokjklgl* khdj}ta }hgh|geahktà lm jgt lat nkjatangt( Mh mj lrg`g%Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat%tm v}mlm lm|md|gr}h dah|rgt|m mh|rm mjjgt3 mj dbaw}m ha tja mh|rm lat dahdmv|at |mrkdat* tkha |gòkh lm t}tdahtmd}mhdkgt mh jg ~klg tadkgj dah|m`varhmg(

/Jg mkt|mhdkg vrmdmlg jg mtmhdkg/ mj ngàta lkdba lm Imgh Vg}j Tgr|rm { lm jat a|ratmkt|mhdkgjkt|gt khlkdghla jg jkomr|gl lm dglg tmr b}`gha lm d}gjw}kmr |kva lm lm|mr`khktà tm v}mlm ~gjargr da`vgrhlaja vatk|k~g`mh|m dah mj lkdba lmj ngàta nkjtana vrge`|kda


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g`mrkdgha Iabh Lmum{ "72=;7;=?+* tmeh mj d}gj /jg gddkh vrmdmlm vmhtg`kmh|a/( Tkhmògrea* Tgr|rm tm lkt|khe}m lm jat vrge`g|kt|gt mh gjea n}hlg`mh|gj j gt}`g jgvatkokjklgl lm jg ~mrlgl /mtmhdkgj/ gjdghyglg var }h khlk~kl}a jkomrgla { lm|mr`khgla g

|rg~t lm t} gddkh dahnkr`glg mh jat aiat lm jat a|rat* `kmh|rgt w}m tmeh jatvrge`g|kt|gt jg vr}mog lm jg ~mrlgl lm }hg klmg a }hg gddkh mt t} }|kjklgl vrd|kdg3 ~gjmlmdkr w}m mj rmt}j|gla vrd|kda lm }hg klmg mt `t k`var|gh|m w}m t} ogtm klmajekdg( Tmehjg nkjatang tgr|rmghg |gj dahdmv|a vrge`|kda v}mlm rmt}j|gr mh %`gjg nm% a tmg* w}m jat `gjat`|alat m`vjmglat tm v}mlmh i}t|knkdgr var mj aoim|k~a nkhgj "}h mim`vja lm mta mt jgvrd|kdg lm jg taormmvja|gdkh lm jat rmd}rtat hg|}rgjmt i}t|knkdglg dah jg hmdmtklgl lm }hkhdrm`mh|a lm jg |gtg lm m`vjma+(

Jat mnmd|at lm mtat lat vat|}jglat |mrkdat tm bgh ~kt|a rmnjmiglat ha tja mh d}mt|kahmt lmjg e}mrrg { jg vgy a mh jg aotmr~gdkh lm jat lmrmdbat b}`ghat l}rgh|m mj tkeja vgtgla* tkhaw}m tke}mh gnmd|ghla g mtdgjg }hlkgj jgt vrgd|kdgt mdah`kdgt { vaj|kdgt mh vraojm`gt |gh

~k|gjmt vgrg jg b}`ghklgl daà tah jg vra|mddkh lmj `mlka gòkmh|m* jg taormvaojgdkh {jgt lknmrmhdkgt dglg ~my `t vrah}hdkglgt mh|rg jat vgtmt t}olmtgrrajjglat { jat vgtmtrkdat( Daà ja lkdmIabh mh mj lrg`g %Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat%9 Hata|rat* mh mt|g vgr|mlmj `}hla "k(m( addklmh|gj +* h|k`g`mh|m drmmàt w}m mj g}`mh|a rvkla lmj hk~mj lm jg vral}ddkh daòkhgla dah mj mt|k`}ja lm daht}`ktà* valrg tgdgr jgt r}mlgt lm jgd}hm|g(

Mj vrge`g|ktà* lkia mj vtkdjaea g`mrkdgha Ukjjkg` Ig`mt "72


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t}nkdkmh|mt jat ~gjarmt drkt|kghat ogtglat mh jat gd|at da`}hg`mh|m dahtklmrglat daào}mhat { `gjat* `kmh|rgt w}m mj mkt|mhdkgjktà g|ma lm Tgr|rm o}tdg t} i}t|knkdgdkh mh~gjarmt b}`ghat rmnjmiglat mh dg|meargt daà %o}mhg { `gjg nm% ~k~klat "{ ha

|rghtvjgh|glat g j a mjjg+ var dglg tmr b}`gha khlk~kl}gj`mh|m( Mh dahtmd}mhdkg* mjmkt|mhdkgjktà rmdbgyg jg vrmla`khghdkg lm jgt klmgt lm %jmglmrtbkv% "jklmrgyea+ vaj|kda armjkekata taorm jgt lm|mr`khgdkahmt khlk~kl}gjmt( Dglg tmr b}`gha lmom bgdmr }ta lm t}jkorm gjomlra { |rg|gr lm ha gdmv|gr }h oajm|a vrmvgea kmh|rgt tmjmddkahghla t} lmt|kha(

Jkomr|gl* jkomr|gl gh|mt { taorm |ala(

Tmeh mj mtdrk|ar nrghdt hgdkla mh Ekhmorg I( I( _a}ttmg} "757? 7552+9Mj baòrm hgdmjkorm vmra vrah|a tm mhd}mh|rg mhdglmhgla( Jgt `kt`gt klmgt taorm jg jkomr|gl* g |rg~t lmjg _m~aj}dkh nrghdmtg* bgh kj}`khglgt mj vmhtg`kmh|a lm Tgr|rm { khtvkrglgt t}t j}dbgtnkjatnkdgt { vaj|kdgt lat tkejat lmtv}t(

L}rgh|m jg dahnmrmhdkg lmlkdglg gj mkt|mhdkgjktà daà nar`g lm b}`ghktà mhVgrkt7; Tgr|rm* bgojghla tkh |m|a mtdrk|a* |aà }h ogta lm ge}g dajadglg mh jg |grk`g(Gh|mt lm mkt|kr* lkia* mj ogta tm dahdkok vgrg dah|mhmr ge}g { tm daht|r}{ tmeh }hàlmja lgla { vgrg }h }ta vrmdahdmokla3 Mh vrk`mr j}egr mh|ahdmt n}m }hg klmg( Vmra mjbaòrm h}hdg n}m vrk`mra }hg klmg hk* |g`vada* mkt|g t} hg|}rgjmyg b}`ghgvrmdahdmoklg( Taja tm nar g daà }h tmr b}`gha }tghla t} jkomr|gl lm lmdklkr { gd|}gr vart `ktà( Tmeh Tgr|rm* { daà khlkdgla mh t} mhtg{a Mj mkt|mhdkgjktà mt }hb}`ghktà d}gj rmt}j| lm mtg dahnmrmhdkg* mj mkt|mhdkgjktà mt taorm |ala rmjgdkahgladah `ghknmt|gdkahmt lm jg jkomr|gl b}`ghg( Gje}hgt klmgt gdmrdg lmj dahdmv|a tgr|rmghalm jkomr|gl* rmnjmiglgt mh `k lrg`g Jat Igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat* mt|h da`mh|glgt |gòkhmh mj |m|a w}m tke}m(

V=?

Mh vrk`mr j}egr bg{ w}m lmdkr w}m jat rmt}j|glat lm mtg dahnmrmhdkg* glm`t lm vav}jgrkygrjgt klmgt mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt lm Tgr|rm* dah|rko}{mrah gj rmhgdk`kmh|a lm nkjatang mh Nrghdkg3}hg lktdkvjkhg dgtk aj~klglg lmtlm mj |km`va lm jg ergh vav}jgrklgl lmj kh|}kdkahtà* lmnkjtana nrghdt Bmhrk Omretah "72=;7;


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Mtg |m`g otkdg* a jmk|à|k~* Tgr|rm ~g g |mimr |gòkh mh |alg t}t aorgt lm |mg|ra drmglglmtv}t lm jg e}mrrg* daà tm v}mlm ~mr mh mj Dgvk|}ja KKK(

Mj mkt|mhdkgjktà tgr|rmgha t}ekmrm w}m baòrm tkm`vrm bg gh|mhkla t} jkorm gjomlra3 t}dgvgdklgl lm rmdbgygr lm tme}kr jat jklmrmt lm %`gjg nm% { t}t klmajaegt3 khdj}ta lmrmomjgrtm dah|rg mjjat( @}dbgt ~mdmt g dat|a lm t} vravkg ~klg( Mtdjg~k|}l* |alat |kvat lmjgt tmr~kl}òrmt* a jat {}eat lm jgt lkd|gl}rgt kjk|grmt a vaj|kdgt bgh tkla jgt tk|}gdkahmtmh d}gjmt tm rmt|rkhem jg jkomr|gl( Tkh mògrea* |gjmt tk|}gdkahmt* g}hw}m v}mlmh gnmd|gr jg~klg lm }h tmr b}`gha* ha v}mlmh lm|mr`khgr |a|gj`mh|m a dghdmjgr t} jkomr|gl khlk~kl}gj(Tkm`vrm mkt|m }hg tgjklg* gh dah dahtmd}mhdkgt |rekdgt3 daà tm v}mlm ~mr mh gje}hgtaorgt lrg`|kdgt lm Tgr|rm(

Mh mj lrg`g %Mj igrlkhmra lkgojkda%* |gòkh* jat vmrtahgimt mt|h ogia lm }hg tk|}gdkhmtvmdknkdg9 mhdmrglat mh }h da`vgr|k kmh|a lm }h |rmh lm gdmjmrgdkh vmrvm|}g d}gj lmt|kha

mjjat ha v}mlmh dah|rajgr( Vmra dglg }hg lm mjjat* var mj o}mha a var mj `gj* tke}mh`gh|mhkmhla t} jkomr|gl lm gd|}gr( Tm `}mt|rg w}m mta lkjm`g mkt|mhdkgj tke}m ~gjklgvgrg mj baòrm lmj da`kmhya lm tkeja RRK lm `kt`g `ghmrg daà vgrg mj lm jg vadg lmTgr|rm( Mj rmnjmd|ar mhdmhlkla var Tgr|rm tke}m kj}`khhlajmt( A* `miar lmdkr* t}mkt|mhdkgjktà tke}m anrmdkmhla }h mtvmia lahlm v}mlmh ~mr t} ~mrlglmrg dgrg(

Mj |rgogia nkjatnkda `t vran}hla lm Tgr|rm Mj tmr { hglgmt* otkdg`mh|m* }hg rmnjmkhtaorm jg rmjgdkh mh|rm jg dahdkmhdkg b}`ghg { jg jkomr|gl( Mt|gàt dgvgdmt lm tmr jkorm1 vrme}h|g Tgr|rm mh jgt dahdj}tkahmt lm t} aorg dgvk|gj( [ t} rmtv}mt|g mt dg|merkdg9 @tokmh w}m /bgdmrtm/ "var tk `ktà @(O(@(+* mj baòrm vgrmdm /tmr bmdba/9 Var mj djk`g*jg |kmrrg* jg rgyg { jg djgtm* jg jmhe}g* jg bkt|arkg lm jg dajmd|k~klgl lm jg w}m nar`g vgr|m* jg

bmrmhdkg* jgt dkrd}ht|ghdkgt khlk~kl}gjmt lm t} khnghdkg* jgt vrd|kdgt glw}krklgt* jat erghlmt{ vmw}mat gdah|mdk`kmh|at lm t} ~klg( Vmra mt|m gre}`mh|a* dahdj}{m Tgr|rm* h}hdg gvran}hlg`mh|m vmr|}rogla jat vgr|klgrkat lm jg jkomr|gl b}`ghg(

V=4

Lmtdgr|mt* var mim`vja* rmnkrkmhla tm g jgt dkrd}ht|ghdkgt dahdrm|gt lm ~klg* lmdg w}m jg~aj}h|gl b}`ghg mt khnkhk|g { w}m jat tmrmt b}`ghat lmomh /((( kh|mh|gr g t}vmrgr |gjmtdkrd}ht|ghdkgt `t okmh w}m lmigrtm g jg nar|}hg(/

Jg jkomr|gl mt jg dgrgd|mrt|kdg `t n}hlg`mh|gj lmj baòrm varw}m mj `}hla m|mrha* lmv}h|a lm ~kt|g b}`gha* mt mj `}hla dah|khemh|m* aojkeghla g }hg vmrtahg lm bgdmr }ta "almt}ta* a `gj }ta+ lm t} bgokjklgl lm jkorm avdkh( Vmra jg rmgjkygdkh lm jg jkomr|glkhlk~kl}gj ha vgtg tkh dahnjkd|at( Dahnrah|ghla dah }h |gj }hla m|mrkar dah|khemh|m { tkhvatmmr }hg hg|}rgjmyg b}`ghg %vrmlm|mr khglg%* }h tmr b}`gha t}nrm lm ghe}t|kg3 rmnjmiglg`}{ g `mh}la mh jgt aorgt lrg`|kdgt { jk|mrgrkgt lm Tgr|rm "kh vgr|kd}jgr mh t} ngàtg JgH}tmg Jg Hg}tm* 7;42+( Var mta Tgr|rm lkdm w}m mj tmr b}`gha ((( mt dahlmhgla lm tmrjkorm(

Lm a|ra jgla* Tgr|rm gl`k|m w}m }h tmr b}`gha* g vmtgr lm tmr jkorm* ha v}mlm dahdrm|kygrt} jkomr|gl n}mrg lm }hg tk|}gdkh lglg3 d}gj tkm`vrm kh~aj}drg a|rat tmrmt b}`ghat( Vgrg


48/77

j* }hg tk|}gdkh mt }hg dkrd}ht|ghdkg dahdrm|g mh jg d}gj }h khlk~kl}a mt| { g jg d}gj |rg|glm lgr tmh|kla g |rg~t lm jat aoim|k~at vmrtahgj`mh|m lmtkehglat { t}t gd|at lmt|khglatvgrg rmgjkygrjat(

Jat khlk~kl}at w}m mt|h aojkeglat lm ~k~kr lmh|ra lm jat vgvmjmt tadkgjmt lmtkehglat {w}kmhmt jat gdmv|gh tkh avahmrtm v}mlmh tmr d}jvgojmt var vgtgr t} ~klg mh jg `gjg nm(Taja jat khlk~kl}at w}m t}vmrgh jgt har`gt dajmd|k~gt { tm mtdgvgh lm jg dahl}d|g a lmda`var|g`kmh|a |rglkdkahgj mt|h rmgj`mh|m jkormt(

Mh 7;5


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lmj ~a|a |a|gj lmj mjmd|argla( Tkh mògrea* mta ha bgog gnmd|gla t} lm|mr`khgdkh lmk`vahmr t} ~aj}h|gl vaj|kdg { t}t lmdktkahmt ogtglgt mh `gjg nm g |alat(

Tmeh Tgr|rm* mj gd|a jkorm lm }h tmr b}`gha|gj daà }h ~a|a vra a dah|rg gjea* v}mlmkh~aj}drgr jg lmt|r}ddkh lm }hg tk|}gdkh lglg mh w}m tm mhd}mh|rg( Var bmdba lm khkdkgr }hvra{md|a d}j kh|mh|g jaergr* a }h klmgj lm ~gjar b}`gha lm w}m mt g}|ar* }h tmr b}`ghamh|rg mh j%mhegem`mh| "k(m( tm da`vra`m|m+ { lm mtg `ghmrg dghdmjg jg jkomr|gl gh|mrkar(Mh mj à`mh|a lm jg rmgjkygdkh lm h}m~a vra{md|a t} g}|ar ha tm v}mlm w}mlgr dah|mh|adah jg tk|}gdkh {g drmglg lmom tme}kr gd|}ghla { o}tdghla jg tk|}gdkh hah "a `mhat+dahnar`kt|g( Mh|ahdmt* g vmtgr w}m jg dgvgdklgl lm gd|}gr jkorm mt mj |mikla `ktà lm }h tmrb}`gha* jg ogtm lm t} mkt|mhdkg mta `ktà v}mlm tmr t} dahlmhgdkh( "Tmeh Tgr|rm* tk}ha ha w}kmrm bgdmr }ta lm t} jkomr|gl a |rg|g lm kehargrjg* lmom tgomr w}m ha w}mrmrmtdaemr* tkehknkdg |gòkh mtdaemr+( Var mt|g rgyh Tgr|rm lkdm9 /(((mj baòrm mtdahlmhgla vgrg tmr jkorm(/

@k jkomr|gl* lkdm Tgr|rm* taja mhd}mh|rg t} j`k|m dah jg }mr|m( Daà tm ja lm`}mt|rg mh t}lrg`g G v}mr|g dmrrglg* lmj à`mh|a lm lmigr lm mkt|kr jg ~klg lm }ha tm |rghtnar`g mhmj lmt|kha9 ha mt `t w}m }hg bkt|arkg |alg bmdbg vgrg jgt `krglgt lm jat ~k~at( Lmtlm mtmà`mh|a tm v}mlm i}yegr }h tmr b}`gha khlk~kl}gj3 |rgtnar`hlatm* j a mjjg* mh I}gh~gjkmh|m a daogrlm { mh @grg bahrglg a jglrahg }tghla drk|mrkat mkt|mhdkgjk|gt lmtdrk|atmh Vgr|m KKK lm t} mhtg{a( Var mt|g rgyh bg{ w}m gvra~mdbgr jg avar|}hklgl lm gd|}grl}rgh|m jg ~klg( Mt|gr `}mr|a tmeh Tgr|rm tkehknkdg mt|gr jg vrmtg lm jat ~k~at(

V==

KKK \MG\_A TG_\_MGHA

Gbarg |mhea tja }h dg`kha { Lkat tgom g lhlm jjm~g* vmra mt k dg`kha((( "Armt|mt - mh

mj lrg`g lmImgh Vg}j Tgr|rm Jgt àtdgt+(

G( ]h |mg|ra lm tk|}gdkahmt(


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Mh mj |mg|ra Imgh Vg}j Tgr|rm* mh mt|rmdbg daavmrgdkh dah Tkàhm lm Omg}~akr* mhdah|rjg avar|}hklgl w}m ha tm jm vrmt|gog mh t}t aorgt nkjatnkdg a jk|mrgrkg9 jg vrmtmhdkg lm jata|rat mh mj mtdmhgrka { mh mj g}lk|arka( Mta n}m jg dahdrm|kygdkh lm t} vat|}jgla w}m mj mea

b}`gha hmdmtk|g lm jat a|rat ha taja daà }h òk|a tadkgj tkha mh vrk`mr j}egr* vgrgrmdahadmr { ~gjklgr t} vravkg mkt|mhdkg( Mh }hg rmdavkjgdkh lm jat mtdrk|at lm Tgr|rm taormmj |mg|ra v}ojkdgla ogia mj ||}ja ]h |b|rm lm tk|}g|kaht "ml @( Dah|g| m| @( _{ogjcg+* tmv}mlm mhdah|rgr* mh|rm a|rat* jg tke}kmh|m aotmr~gdkh9 Tk mt ~mrlgl w}m }h tmr b}`gha mtjkorm mh }hg tk|}gdkh lglg { w}m j a mjjg g |rg~t lm mtg tk|}gdkh mtdaem jkorm`mh|m mj |kvalm tmr b}`gha w}m w}kmrm tmr* ja w}m hata|rat |mhmàt w}m àt|rgr mh mj |mg|ra tah jatkhlk~kl}at jkormt mh mj à`mh|a lm mtdaemr(

Jat dgrgd|mrmt tm lmnkhmh lmtv}t lm w}m jg dar|khg tm bg{g ogigla { ha tahvrmlm|mr`khglat* daà mh mj |mg|ra djtkda " Mj g~gra lm @ajkmr* var mim`vja+( ]hgmdmvdkh g mt|g rmejg |mg|rgj tgr|rmghg tm v}mlm mhdah|rgr mh t} lrg`g B}kt djat "G

v}mr|g dmrrglg mh mtvgaj+* lahlm jat vmrtahgimt tgjmh mh mtdmhg lmtv}t lm t} `}mr|m*d}ghla {g ha v}mlmh mtdaemr( Mta tkehknkdg* tmeh Tgr|rm* w}m mt|h dahlmhglat gdah|kh}gr dah jat vgvmjmt* mh mj dgta v}h|}gj ngjtat "lm `gjg nm+* gt}`klat l}rgh|m jg ~klg|mrrmt|rm(

\algt jgt aorgt |mg|rgjmt lm Tgr|rm mt|h ogtglgt mh mj dahdmv|a lmj |mg|ra lmtk|}gdkahmt( Lmh|ra lm jgt tk|}gdkahmt lglgt t}t vmrtahgimt gd|gh a|k~glat tmeht} da`vra`kta vmrtahgj "jmhegem`mh| mh nrghdt+ bgdkmhla }ta lmt}ta a `gj }ta lmt} jkorm gjomlra( Jat dahnjkd|at emhmrglat var |gj da`vra`kta a var jg g}tmhdkg lmjda`vra`kta vmrtahgj- tkm`vrm mt mj vrkhdkvgj mdghktà lrg`|kda lm t}t aorgt lm|mg|ra( Tgr|rm lmtdgr|gog lgr vrkarklgl g jgt tk|}gdkahmt |vkdgt "daà tah }hg

|ar`mh|g* }h dahnjkd|a ng`kjkgr* }hg vmjmg gàratg+ taorm jgt tk|}gdkahmt emhmrglgt gdg}tg lm jgt gddkahmt a jgt lm|mr`khgdkahmt* lm dglg }ha lm t}t vmrtahgimt( Mt ha|gojmg}tmhdkg lm vra|geahkt|gt d}gjmt jat m~mh|at jmt jjm~gh daà vgigt mh jg |ar`mh|g -dgtk tkm`vrm mhdah|rglgt mh jgt aorgt lm |mg|ra rmgjkt|g daà |gòkh jg g}tmhdkglm vmrtahgimt lm dgrd|mr |rekda a d`kda mh t}t vkmygt( Mta tm lmom g t} dahdmv|alm |mg|ra daà }hg mvrmtkh lmj vat|}jgla otkda lmj mkt|mhdkgjktà* tmeh mj d}gj}h tmr b}`gha h}hdg mt| vrmlm|mr`khgla gj à`mh|a lm hgdmr( Dglg }ha lmhata|rat tm bgdm var t `ktà l}rgh|m jg ~klg mh|mrg(

V=>

Jat dgrgd|mrmt lrg`|kdat tgr|rmghat mh|ahdmt* tm nar`gh g |rg~t lm t}t gd|at vmrtahgjmtl}rgh|m t} ~klg a tk tm |rg|g lmj |mg|ra* l}rgh|m t} mkt|mhdkg mh jg mtdmhg { var mta ha tmv}mlmh dahtklmrgr daà vrmlm|mr`khglat( Var dahtke}kmh|m* daà mt mj `ktà dgta mh|algt jgt aorgt lmj |mg|ra lm tk|}gdkahmt "khdj}ta dah jgt aorgt lm jat g}|armt lmj |mg|ralmj got}rla* daà Dg`}t* Kahmtda { Omdcm||+* jat dgrgd|mrmt ha tah vrmlmdkojmt9 %}hdaogrlm* }h `mh|krata* }h baòrm gòkdkata a }ha nr}t|rgla%* a |g`vada tah `grdglat vgrg tkm`vrm dah |gjmt lmha`khgdkahmt daà }h àya "a daà mh mj lrg`g Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat* jat `tkdat+ vmra tm dahdrm|kygh g |rg~t lm t}t gddkahmt {lm|mr`khgdkahmt m khdj}ta mt vatkojm w}m gt}`mh lknmrmh|mt vgvmjmt ogia tk|}gdkahmtlknmrmh|mt(


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Gd|}gj`mh|m* tmtmh|g gat lmtv}t lmj mt|rmha lm jgt aorgt vrkhdkvgjmt lm Tgr|rm "Jmt@a}dbmt* { 7;


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Jg H}tmg"~mr jg tmddkh Okojkaergng+* var mim`vja( Tmeh `k mvmrkmhdkg vmrtahgj* jgergh `g{arg lm hata|rat w}m ~ka mtgt aorgt kh`mlkg|g`mh|m lmtv}t lm jat |rg}`gt~k~klat l}rgh|m jg Tme}hlg E}mrrg @}hlkgj `t w}m jg lmtmtvmrgdkh bg tmh|kla }hg

mtvmdkm lm dg|grtkt ~khlajgt( Tgr|rm { jat drmglarmt lm |mg|ra lmj got}rla bgogh jaerglalm vrmtmh|gr jgt `t vran}hlgt `ktmrkgt mkt|mhdkgjmt lm t}t vmrtahgimt daà }hg lm jgtdahlkdkahmt b}`ghgt( Gj `gremh lm mt|g |m`g ja `ktà tm v}mlm gvjkdgr g jg nkjatang lmjmkt|mhdkgjktà9 }hg ~my w}m gtk`kjgàt { gvrmhlmàt g ghmigr t}t dahdmv|at lm jkomr|glkhlk~kl}gj* `gjg nm* ghe}t|kg* |màr lm jat a|rat a gjkhmgdkh lmj baòrm* mta hat v}mlmg{}lgr lm `ghmrg vatk|k~g mh jg arkmh|gdkh lm jg ~klg da|klkghg( G |rg~t lm jgt mtvkhgtjgt mt|rmjjgt' daà lkdm @kjkd mh mj lrg`g Jat igrlkhmrat lkgojkdat(

Jgt aotmr~gdkahmt `mhdkahglgt grrkog v}mlmh tmr `}{ k`var|gh|mt d}ghla bg{ w}mdahtklmrgr mj |m`g lm jg ~kemhdkg* a jg gd|}gjklgl* lm jgt aorgt lrg |kdgt lm Tgr|rm( Tkrmgj`mh|m mt|h jkeglgt khtmvgrgojm`mh|m g jgt tk|}gdkahmt vaj|kdgt lm bgdm >6 a =6 gat

|mhlrgh `t }h ~gjar bkt|rkda w}m gr|t|kda( Vmra ha mt gt( Jg `g{arg lm mtat lrg`gtdaà tm v}mlm ~mr mh jat da`mh|grkat taorm dglg }ha lm mjjat w}m tke}mh* |kmhmh }h ~gjargr|t|kda ha |adgla var mj |km`va hk mratkahgla var jat gdah|mdk`kmh|at tadkgjmt { vaj|kdatrmdkmh|mt( \ala ja dah|rgrka'

Mt hmdmtgrka rmdarlgr w}m jg tk|}gdkh l}rgh|m mj |km`va lm jgt vrk`mrgt aorgt |mg|rgjmt"Ogrkajg 7;


53/77

jkorm j `ktà Lkat `ktà ha v}mlm hglg bgdmr(/ H}hdg lmtv}t Tgr|rm tm aj~klgrg lmjkh|mrt lm|md|gla mh jat aiat lm t}t da`vgmrat lmj `ktà dg`va lm vrktkahmrat `kmh|rgtvrmtmhdkgogh jg aorg* drmglg ao~kg`mh|m vgrg `grdgr mj mtvrk|} hg~klma { tat|mhmr jg

àrgj lm mjjat( Mh mtm à`mh|a w}kyt lmtd}ork jg `gekg lmj |mg|ra daà ~mbd}ja vgrg|rght`k|kr t}t klmgt mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt(

7;


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vrmvgrgr t} vrk`g aorg |mg|rgj9 B}kt djat* 7;


55/77

Mh mj mtdmhgrka nrmh|m gj vojkda { mh vrmtmhdkg lmj @g{arlaà khnmrhgj* tm v}mlm ~mr dàjmt g|ar`mh|g |alg~g ja w}m vkmhtgh lm mjjat t}t taorm~k~kmh|mt mh jg |kmrrg "dajmegt lm jgankdkhg* ng`kjkgrmt a t}t g`gh|mt+( Vmra {g ha tah dgvgdmt lm `miargr t} k`gemh mh jat aiat

lm jat lm`t( Hglg v}mlm dgòkgr a rmd|knkdgr ja w}m bg `grdgla t} ~klg |mrrmt|rm daàrmt}j|gla lm t}t gd|at( T}t `}mr|mt bgh tmjjgla t}t gtvkrgdkahmt vmrtahgjmt { t} vgvmjb}`gha vgrg tkm`vrm { var mta t}nrmh |ar`mh|gt vmarmt w}m jgt lmtdrk|gt mh mj khnkmrha lmLgh|m( Mt|h mh jg tk|}gdkh lm b}kt djat "mhdmrrglat+ varw}m {g ha |kmhmh `t jg jkomr|gllm gddkh a jkorm gjomlra* w}m mt jg dgrgd|mrt|kdg vrkhdkvgj lm jg ~klg b}`ghg mh jg |kmrrg(Hk jat dahnjkd|at w}m ~k~mh mh mj mtdmhgrka {g ha jat v}mlmh dgòkgr3 jat gtmtkhat tmw}mlgh gtmtkhat { jgt jmtokghgt* jmtokghgt( T} tk|}gdkh mh mj mtdmhgrka tja rmnjmig jgttk|}gdkahmt {g ~k~klgt mh jg |kmrrg { jg `ghmrg dà jgt mhnrmh|grah gjj(

Tgr|rm `ktà* vatkojm`mh|m kh|mh|ghla lm g|mh}gr mj k`vgd|a `}hlkgj lm B}kt djat*`mydjgla dah }hg latkt lm daht|mrhgdkh emhmrglg var t} vmtk`ktà* bg lgla gje}hgt

kh|mrvrm|gdkahmt lm mt|m lrg`g( Mh mj |m|a Mj Hgdk kmh|a lm V}mr|gt Dmrrglgt "jmla varI}ghVg}j Tgr|rm* 7;>=* mh vrmò}ja gj rmekt|ra nahaernkda lm B}kt djat+ j |rg|g lmmj}dklgr mh vgr|kd}jgr t} ngàta lkdba Mj khnkmrha* tah jat a|rat( Tmeh j* mtmvrah}hdkg`kmh|a* (((n}m tkm`vrm kh|mrvrm|gla `gj( Tm drm{ w}m w}mrg lmdkr var mta w}mh}mt|rgt rmjgdkahmt dah jat a|rat tkm`vrm tm mh~mhmhgogh* w}m mrgh tkm`vrm khnmrhgjmt(((Vmra mta lm hkhe}hg ghmrg w}kmrm lmdkr w}m ha tm v}mlg |mhmr lknmrmh|mt |kva lm rmjgdkahmtdah jat a|rat( Mta tk`vjm`mh|m khlkdg jg k`var|ghdkg dgvk|gj lm |alat jat a|rat vgrg dglg}ha lm hata|rat(

7;(@}mr|at tkh tmv}j|}rg(

Mt|m lrg`g "mh nrghdt @ar|t tght tv}j|}rm+* i}h|a dah Jg vrat|k|}|g rmtvm|}atgrmt}`klg `t gogia* n}m vrmtmh|gla l}rgh|m 7; mh mj \b|rm Gh|akhm lm Vgrkt(

Tk gh|mt lm jg jkomrgdkh lm Nrghdkg Tgr|rm |mhg w}m gd}lkr g jat `k|at { jgt gjmeargt vgrgvrmtmh|gr t}t drmgdkahmt |mg|rgjmt* lmtv}t lm jg e}mrrg j ~g g jjm~gr g jg mtdmhg lm |mg|ratk|}gdkahmt rmgjmt mh w}m ~k~gh* { tm lmnkhgh daà tmrmt b}`ghat t}t da`vg|rka|gtl}rgh|m jg ad}vgdkh gjm`ghg( @}mr|at tkh tmv}j|}rg |rg|g lmj vraojm`g lm t}da`var|g`kmh|a ogia jg |ar|}rg(

V>7

Mj lrg`g mt| }okdgla mh }h erghmra* lahlm }h er}va lm dkhda daòg|kmh|mt lm jgrmtkt|mhdkg nrghdmtg gh|kngtdkt|g "mh|rm mjjat }hg tmark|g { t} bmr`gha `mhar+* bmdbatvrmtat var jg `kjkdkg lmj rek`mh dajgoargdkahkt|g lm ^kdb{* mtvmrgh vgrg tmr kh|mrraeglat(Mjjat mt|h dahtdkmh|mt lm w}m ~gh g tmr |ar|}rglat {* vatkojm`mh|m gtmtkhglat( \gòkh*tgomh w}m t} da`var|g`kmh|a ~g g `grdgr |alg t} ~klg( Mh |r`khat mkt|mhdkgjkt|gt* mh mjdgta lm t} `}mr|m t} vmrtahgjklgl b}`ghg tm ~g lmnkhkr vgrg tkm`vrm mh jat aiat lm jata|rat |gòkh(


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Mj lrg`g `}mt|rg |gòkh dà var tmr nkmj g }hg dg}tg a tmr vgr|dkvm lm }hg j}dbgvaj|kdg a rm~aj}dkahgrkg* }ha v}mlm jjmegr g i}t|knkdgr jat gtmtkhg|at { jgt |ar|}rgt tkh lgrtmd}mh|g lm w}m t}t rgyahmt vgrg dmlmr rglkdgh mh jg `gjg nm }h k`var|gh|m gre}`mh|a w}m

tm ~g g lmtgrrajjgr mh gje}hat a|rat lrg`gt rmt}`klat `gt gogia(

Jat `kjkdkghat da`kmhygh g |ar|}rgr g jat vrmtat o}tdghla gj imnm lm jat rmomjlmt vmrajaergh tja tgomr }hg vkt|g ngjtg( Ogia |ar|}rg dglg }ha lm jat vrmtat tm da`var|g lm`ghmrg lknmrmh|m( ]ha tm jghyg var jg ~mh|ghg { tm t}kdklg vgrg ha da`mhygr g bgojgr*gorkmhla mj vraojm`g lmj t}kdklka daà mtdgvm lm erg~mt tk|}gdkahmt b}`ghgt( A|rat av|ghvar ge}gh|gr jg |ar|}rg( ]ha lm mjjat lmdklm mt|rghe}jgr gj vrmta t ia~mh* var |màr w}m jha v}mlm ge}gh|gr jg |ar|}rg { rm~mjgr jg klmh|klgl lmj imnm( Gj nkhgj |alat jat vrmtat tahgtmtkhglat(

Mj lrg`g @}mr|at tkh tmv}j|}rg rmnjmig mj vraojm`g lm `gh|mhmr |rghtvgrmh|m { dah

o}mhg nm jg dahdkmhdkg b}`ghg nrmh|m g jgt dahlkdkahmt lm jg e}mrrg* |ar|}rg { |rgkdkh w}mmt|gogh vrmtmh|mt mh Nrghdkg l}rgh|m mj {}ea hgyk( Tgr|rm `}mt|rg dà gh ogia mtgtdahlkdkahmt |gh m|rm`gt jg jkomr|gl lm mjmekr gt}`kmhla jg rmtvahtgokjklgl vmrtahgj lm jat vravkat gd|at* w}mlg kh|gd|g( Tm gglm gj lrg`g|ktà lm jg vkmyg { gj t} tmh|klamkt|mhdkgjkt|g lmighla w}m jat `ktàt gd|armt kh|mrvrm|mh g jat rmomjlmt~d|k`gt {*gj|mrhg|k~g`mh|m* g jat `kjkdkghat~mrl}eat "klmh|knkdglat dah `gdgorgt `tdgrgtojghdgt+((7;(Jg vrat|k|}|g rmtvm|}atg(

Mt|g vkmyg |mg|rgj lm Tgr|rm "mh nrghdt9 Jg v}|gkh rmtvmd|}m}tm* 7;+ glm`t lm ~grkat

vraojm`gt lm |kva mkt|mhdkgjkt|g |kmhm }h |m`g hm|g`mh|m vaj|kda9 jg or}|gjklgl lmj rgdktàw}m gnmd|g g jat Hmerat har|mg`mrkdghat( T} gddkh mt| }okdglg mh mj t}r lm jat Mt|glat]hklat { n}m vrabkoklg mh jg vadg mh ~grkat mt|glat t}rmat lm ]TG* vmra mh H}m~g [arcbg |mhkla 4=6 vrmtmh|gdkahmt mh Oraglug{ }h rmdarl d}ghla tm |rg|g lm }hg vkmyg lmdgrd|mr ha taja mh|rm|mhkla(

Mj ||}ja lm mt|m lrg`g vra~kmhm lm jg bkt|arkg lm }hg vrat|k|}|g* Jkyyk* w}kmh ~k~m mh jgvmw}mg dk}lgl t}rmg tgd}lklg var jat vraojm`gt rgdkgjmt( Mt `}{ vraogojm w}m Tgr|rmbg{g dahadkla { lrg`g|kygla }hg bkt|arkg vgrmdklg "a t|ar{ mh khejt+ mh jg vrmhtgg`mrkdghg* l}rgh|m t} mt|ghdkg mh jat Mt|glat ]hklat kh`mlkg|g`mh|m lmtv}t lm jgTme}hlg E}mrrg `}hlkgj w}m n}m }h vmrala lm ge}lgt dahnrah|gdkahmt rgdkgjmt mh mj T}r(

V>?

Mj da`kmhya lmj lrg`g mt| jjmha lm jg gddkh g ja Bajjkuaal9 d}ghla lat Hmerat tmrmn}ekgh mh jg ~mdkhlgl lm Jkyyk vmrtme}klat var jat Ojghdat jat d}gjmt jmt gd}tgh*ngjtg`mh|m* lm jg ~kajgdkh lm }hg `}imr ojghdg( Daà }ha lm jat lat Hmerat mt gtmtkhgla`kmh|rgt |gh|a* jat g`keat lmj gtmtkha* mh|rm jat d}gjmt bg{ n}hdkahgrkat lm jg vajkdg { }htmhglar g`mrkdgha* |rg|gh lm vra|memrjm varw}m jm g`mhgyg }hg vmrtmd}dkh jmegj(Jkyyk tmmhd}mh|rg ogia vrmtkh lm nkr`gr }h lad}`mh|a ngjta gd}tghla g jat Hmerat lm ~kajgdkh(Mj vradmta lm vmrtmd}dkh |kva jkhdb lm jat hmerat { jg vrmtkh areghkyglg taormJkyyk bgh


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lgla g Tgr|rm jg avar|}hklgl lm àt|rgr dà jgt g}|arklglmt ha tja |ajmrgh jg khi}t|kdkgtkha w}m |gòkh v}mlmh gva{gr gd|at drk`khgjmt d}ghla tm |rg|g lm lmnmhlmr t}t kh|mrmtmt(

7;


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mta mt }hg datg okmh got|rgd|g( Gva{gt mh mj eg|kjja { lmtv}t lm mta ha mh|kmhlmt {g ja w}mt}dmlm mh tme}klg((((/+( Gj nkhgj*B}ea tm mh|rmeg g jat g|ahmt lmj Vgr|kla ~aj}h|grkg`mh|m{ lm mtg `ghmrg rmt}mj~m t}t lkjm`gt(

Gje}hat dr|kdat bgh mhdah|rgla mj lrg`g daà }hg aorg tm`kg}|aokaernkdg lm Tgr|rm*kj}t|rghla ~gk~mhmt vaj|kdat lmj Tgr|rm ia~mh3 mh vgr|kd}jgr dahtklmrghla mj à`mh|a mhw}m n}m drmglg { vrmtmh|glg mh Nrghdkg( Mrg `}{ dgrgd|mrt|kda lm Tgr|rm drmgr }hg vkmyg|mg|rgj khtvkrglg mh mj mtvrk|} hadahnar kt|g* }h vada |km`va gh|mt lm t} gdmrdg`kmh|a gjVDN( Daà tk w}ktkmrg |krgr }hg jhmg mh|rm t} jkomr|gl drmg|k~g { jg lktdkvjkhg lmj Vgr|kla mjd}gj gva{ vaj|kdg`mh|m vmra mh mj w}m h}hdg tm khtdrkok(

7;=7(Mj Lkgoja { mj O}mh Lat(

Mt|m lrg`g "mh nrghdt9 Jm Lkgojm m| jm Oah Lkm}+ tm mt|rmh mh i}hka lm 7;=7 mh Vgrt {

n}m rmdkokla dah gvjg}tat lmj vojkda { jg gvraogdkh lm jg `g{arg lm jat dr|kdat( Vmra jgdah|ra~mrtkg kh~aj}drglg mh jg ~gjargdkh vaj|kdg lm t}t aorgt |mg|rgjmt bgog dah|kh}gla3vgr|kd}jgr`mh|m lmtv}t lmj mt|rmha lm jg ~mrtkh nkj`glg lm jg vkmyg Jgt `ghat t}dkgt mj`ktà ga* jg w}m n}m g|gdglg var mj Vgr|kla da`}hkt|g ke}gj w}m jg aorg |mg|rgj lmj `ktàhaòrm(

Gjmihlatm ergl}gj`mh|m lm jgt tk|}gdkahmt drmglgt l}rgh|m m kh`mlkg|g`mh|m lmtv}t lmjg Tmd}hlg E}mrrg @}hlkgj* Tgr|rm gt}`m }h vgvmj k`var|gh|m mh|rm jat dr|kdat lm jgad}vgdkh nrghdmtg mh Gremjkg3 }hgt lm jgt tk|}gdkahmt w}m tm rmnjmigh mh mj lrg`g MjLkgoja { mj O}mh Lat {* mh vgr|kd}jgr* mh t} a|ra lrg`g Jat tmd}mt|rglarmt lm Gj|ahg(

@m o}rja lmj lkgoja' _mdkom jgt gj`gt* vmra ha mt j w}kmh jgt dahlmhg( tm v}mlm jmmrmh mj lrg`g Mj Lkgoja { mj O}mh Lat { mta* lm }hg `ghmrg tgr|rmghg* tm da`vjm|g dah t}ngàt

Sartre: libro sobre su obra integral en español

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