saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uwmindesi da unetaresi ... · fsiqologiis safuZvlebi~, romelic 1858...
Transcript of saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uwmindesi da unetaresi ... · fsiqologiis safuZvlebi~, romelic 1858...
SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #1. ianvari. 2013.
rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis sa-
kiTxi yovelTvis iyo kacobriobis ga-
naTlebuli, saukeTeso warmomadgen-
lebis kvlevis sagani. es kargad Cans
rogorc istoriul, ise literatu-
rul wyaroebSi: X saukunis qarTveli
mwerlis giorgi merCules, saqarTve-
los mefis da ganmanaTleblis arCil II,
vaxtang VI, anton kaTalikosis, gabri-
el qiqoZis, ilia WavWavaZis SromebSi.
rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis ide-
iT iyo gamsWvaluli imereTis episko-
posis gabriel qiqoZis cxovreba da
moRvaweoba. ilia WavWavaZe mis Sesaxeb
ambobda: `bevrs hgonia, rom mecniereba
da sarwmunoeba erTmaneTSi mourigebe-
li da mouTavsebelni arian. igia (gab-
riel qiqoZe) magaliTi am morigebisa da
moTavsebisa. ...Znelad ipoviT maga-
liTs, rom mecniereba gaewiros sarwmu-
noebisaTvis, an sarwmunoeba-mecniere-
bisaTvis. gabrieli mecnierebas asarw-
munoebda da sarwmunoebas amecniereb-
da~ (i. WavWavaZe, 1941, 542). gabriel qi-
qoZis rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis
SesaniSnavi magaliTia misi cdiseuli
fsiqologiis safuZvlebi~, romelic
1858 w peterbugSi gamoqveynda~.
rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis
aseTi midgoma Sewyda sabWoTa peri-
odSi aTeisturi ideologiis batono-
bis periodSi
rwmenisa da codnis urTierTSer-
wymis idea postsabWour saqarTvelo-
Si dakavSirebulia saqarTvelos pat-
riarqis, uwmindesisa da unetaresis
ilia II saxelTan. man es idea pirvelad
1988 wlis 1 seqtembers gaaJRera Tbi-
lisis sasuliero akademiis gaxsnisad-
mi miZRvnil sxdomaze warmoTqmul
sityvaSi da idealuri pirovneba uwo-
da sasuliero da saero ganaTlebis
mqone adamians. is aRniSnavda: ”SemTx-
veviTi ar aris, rom daviT aRmaSene-
belma, umaRlesi saswavlebeli monas-
terTan daaarsa. asketizmi da mecnie-
reba, orive rCeulTa xvedria da misi
Serwyma idealur pirovnebaSi xdebo-
da (epistoleni, sityvani, qadagebani,
1997w. 162). iqve gulistkiviliT brZa-
nebs patriarqi, rom gasulma saukunem
memkvidreobiT dagvitova axalgazr-
da Taobis calmxrivi ganaTleba, pi-
rovnebas daukarga naTeli azrovneba,
suliereba, WeSmariti realobis Segr-
Znebis unari, misi survilebi daviw-
rovda da gauxeSda, dairRva urTier-
Toba mSoblebsa da Svilebs Soris.
axalgazrda moswyda ojaxis keras,
tradiciebs da bednierebis Zebna mis
gareSe daiwyo. saqarTvelo iqca aspa-
rezad CvenTvis ucxo da miuRebeli
ideologiebis, religiebis da seqte-
bis TareSisa.
warsuli aTwleulebis ZiriTadi
simZime eklesias da inteligencias da-
awva, radgan isini gansazRvraven eris
sulier da gonebriv potencials, Se-
sabamisad didi iyo survili maTi da-
monebisa an ganadgurebisa
saqarTvelos kulturuli, inte-
leqtualuri, materialuri potenci-
alis aRorZineba sulieri amaRlebiT
unda daiwyos. mecnierebis da mis war-
momadgenelTa sulieroba iqneba saTa-
ve Cveni qveynis ganaxlebisa – migviTi-
Tebs uwmindesi da unetaresi. „RmerTi
ars saTave da mizezi yovlisa, wyaro
sicocxlisa, sadac cxreba vnebebi,
wynardeba Seurigebeli, dapirispire-
buli energiebi, radgan Semoqmedisa-
gan yvelas mieniWeba misi keTili adgi-
li, ufleba da Rirebuleba. Cvens
cxovrebaSi RvTis neba, RvTis gange-
buleba gamovlindeba WeSmariti re-
ligiiT – marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
swavlebiT. im eklesiisa, romlis Sesa-
xebac macxovari brZanebs: „kldesa ze-
da aRvaSeno eklesiai Cemi da bWeni jo-
joxeTisani ver ereodian mas“ (maT. 16,
18)“ (epistoleni, sityvani, qadagebani,
1995w. 162). kiTxvaze – eyofa Cvens
xalxs Zala, rom ipovos taZrisaken mi-
mavali gza? uwmindesi da unetaresi
saqarTvelos patriarqi Tvlis, rom am
sasicocxlo nabijis gadadgmaSi
xalxs daxmareba Cvenma mravaltan-
julma, magram suliT gautexelma in-
teligenciam gauwios. es inteligen-
ciis ZiriTad movaleobad miaCnia.
`roca vuyurebT winaaRmdegobebiT
savse Cvens awmyos da vcdilobT davi-
naxoT arcTu ise didi imedismomcemi
xvalindeli dRe, aSkarad igrZnoba,
rom Tu sulierebis da inteleqtua-
luri azrovnebis warmomadgenlebi
saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uwmindesi da unetaresi ilia II
rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis Sesaxeb
(gagrZeleba me-2 gverdze)
vulocavT uwmindessa da unetaress, sru-
liad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs,
mcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposs, biWvin-
Tisa da cxum-afxazeTis mitropolits, iilliiaa
mmeeoorreess aRsaydrebidan 35-e da dabadebidan 80
wlisTavs.
ufalma xangrZlivi da janmrTeli sicocx-
le mogceT erisa da qveynis mfarvelobisa da
warmatebisaTvis.
ggaazzeeTTii `bbaaTTuummiiss uunniivveerrssiitteettii“
C M Y K
2 iiaannvvaarrii
erTmaneTs ar dauaxlovdebian, msof-
lio dadgeba gauTvaliswinebeli sabe-
diswero kataklizmebis winaSe.... (ka-
Tolikos patriarqi ilia II, 1995, 158).
swored amitomac mecnieruli
codnisa da religiuri rwmenis urTi-
erTdamokidebulebis Seswavla Cveni
Tanamedrove cxovrebiTaa nakarnaxe-
vi. amis naTeli dadastureba iyo 2009
wlis 24 dekembers TbilisSi, sastum-
ro qorTiarT mariotSi Catarebuli
saerTaSoriso samecniero konferen-
cia - rwmena da codna, rogorc msof-
lio kulturis safuZveli (Tanamed-
rove samecniero aRmoCenebis fonze).
konferencias eswrebodnen sasulie-
ro da saero warmomadgenlobiTi de-
legaciebi msoflio sapatriarqodan -
antioqiis eklesiidan, amerikidan, ru-
seTidan da somxeTidan. evrokavSiris
eqsperti gregor meieri. konferencia
gaxsna saqarTvelos patriarqma, uw-
mindesma da unetaresma ilia II–m, misa-
salmebeli sityvebi warmoTqva msof-
lio sapatriarqos warmomadgenelma,
orenburgisa da buzulutis mitro-
politma valentinma. moxsenebiT ga-
movidnen politologi ediSer Weli-
Ze, ruseTis prezidentis mrCeveli mi-
xeil Svidkovi, medicinis mecniereba-
Ta doqtori, arqimandriti adami, mar-
Tlmadidebeli erebis saerTaSoriso
fondis prezidenti, filosofiis
doqtori valeri aleqseevi, amerike-
li beri sinas mTidan janstin hiqsi,
biolog-anTropologi, doqtori gu-
ram kacitaZe, genetikosi oTari leJa-
va, kibernetikosi arCil frangiSvili
(gaz. sapatriarqos uwyebani, 5 ianvari
2009w).
rwmenisa da codnis erTianobas,
mecnierebisa da religiis daaxloebis
problemas xSirad miaqcevda sazoga-
doebis yuradRebas Tavis epistole-
ebsa da qadagebebSi uwmindesi da une-
taresi sabWoTa xelisuflebis wleb-
Sic da Tvlida, rom rwmenisa da cod-
nis gaerTianebis saqmeSi inteligen-
cia, moazrovne fena, didi potenciu-
ri Zalaa, romelic Cveni qveynis war-
suli drois umZimes periodSic ner-
gavda ganaTlebisa da socialuri
progresis maRal idealebs. cdilob-
da miaxloveboda Rrma filosofiur
sakiTxebs da absoluturi WeSmarite-
bis problemas. magram mas aklda WeS-
mariti sarwmunoebis sruli gaazreba.
patriarqis azriT, inteligencia ma-
Sin SeZlebs Tavisi funqciis sworad
Sesrulebas, roca is Tavis codnas
rwmenas daukavSirebs. patriarqi iwo-
nebs qarTvel mecnierTa survils da
moTxovnas gelaTis akademiis, ro-
gorc samecniero centris aRdgenis
Sesaxeb. da isev axsenebs sazogadoe-
bas, rom daviT mefis mecadineobiT
akademia iqca axal ierusalimad da me-
ore aTenad, anu sulierobisa da mec-
nieruli kvlevis centrad, riTac man
gaagrZela klimenti aleqsandrielis
gza. saqarTvelos kaTolikos patri-
arqi ilia meore klimenti aleqsan-
driels 1995 wlis saaRdgomo episto-
leSi ase axasiaTebs: „II saukunis cno-
bili mecnieri, klimenti aleqsandri-
eli aris saukeTeso magaliTi codnisa
da rwmenis Serwymisa. mas uwodebdnen
“dabadebidan profesors“, „upirates
misioners“, „pirvel qristian mecni-
ers“ .... igi mRvdeli iyo, magram mxo-
lod samoZRvro saqmianobiT ar ifar-
gleboda. gamorCeul sulier cxovre-
basTan erTad is guldasmiT swavlob-
da sibrZnes. hqonda mWidro kavSiri
aleqsandriis saRvTismetyvelo da
filosofiur skolebTan. Tu tertu-
lianes devizi iyo: „ierusalimi da ara
aTeni“ – anu ganSoreba mecnierebisa-
gan, klimenti aleqsandrieli mTeli
Tavisi cxovrebiTa da naSromebiT
aRiarebda rwmenisa da mecnierebis
sinTezs–anu „ierusalimsa da aTens“.
oRond upirveles mniSvnelobas rwme-
nas aniWebda, Semdeg ki rwmenaze age-
bul mecnierebas.“ (kaTolikos patri-
arqi ilia II, 1995, 162).
patriarqi Tvlis, rom WeSmariti
mecniereba da WeSmariti codna auci-
leblad miiyvans adamians RmerTTan.
codnis dagroveba dabadebidanve
iwyeba. Cvil asakSive bavSvs urTier-
Toba aqvs mSoblebTan, axloblebTan,
garemosTan, saidanac iZens igi e.w. em-
piriul codnas. skola, umaRlesi sas-
wavlebeli, mecnieruli moRvaweoba....
afarToeben da aRrmaveben pirovnebis
Tvalsawiers, ibadeba axali ideebi,
Cndeba axali siRrmeebi. codnis ga-
farToeba unda gagrZeldes. magram es
upirveles yovlisa, unda xdebodes
wignebis kiTxviT, TviTanaliziT, dia-
logis gziT da ara televiziis gada-
cemiT, – romlebic mxolod zedapi-
rul informacias gvawvdis. iqve pat-
riarqi brZanebs „samwuxarod xdeba
isec, rom zogierTi mTeli cxovreba
eZebs, magram ver iZens WeSmarit cod-
nas, anu im codnas, romelic mas Rmer-
TTan daaaxloebs. mociquli pavle am-
bobs: „misi samsjavro ukve Semdgaria“
arada, ramdeni adamiani wavida am qvey-
nidan ise, rom WeSmaritebas ar Sexe-
bia; es imitom, rom an saerTod ar eZeb-
dnen, anda ar eZebdnen iq, sadac misi
povna SeiZleboda“ (epistoleebi, Tbi-
lisi 2012, 353). amis Tavidan asacileb-
lad, saqarTvelos patriarqi uwmin-
desi da unetaresi ilia II Tvlis, rom
Cveni cxovrebisa da saqmianobis yve-
laze saimedo sayrdeni da orientiri
aris marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoe-
ba. „me xazs vusvam marTlmadidebel
sarwmunoebas, radgan swored aras-
wori sarwmunoeba aSorebs yvelaze
xSirad adamians WeSmaritebisagan da
saboloo jamSi Rupavs mas. unda gvax-
sovdes, WeSmariti Zieba rTuli pro-
cesia: rudunebiT savse, sulieri, in-
teleqtualuri da fizikuri Sromaa,
romlisaTvis yrmobidanve unda movam-
zadoT momavali Taoba. gansakuTre-
buli yuradReba unda mieqces bavSve-
bis religiur aRzrdas. maTSi namdvi-
li qristianuli sulis gaRvive-
bas“–brZanebs patriarqi (epistolee-
bi, Tbilisi 2012, 353).
swored amitom, rwmenisa da codnis
erTianobis ganxorcilebaSi inteli-
genciasTan erTad udides rols sasu-
liero pirTa moRvaweebs aniWebs. amis
dasturad 1979 wlis saaRdgomo epis-
toleSi patriarqs moyavs II saukunis
cnobili maswavleblis da filosofo-
sis klimenti aleqsandrielis sityve-
bi: `ar arsebobs codna, romelic da-
kavSirebuli ar iyos rwmenasTan,
iseve rogorc ar arsebobs rwmena,
romelic damokidebuli ar iqneba
codnaze”. (kaTolikos patriarqi
ilia II, 1997, 160). mkvlevrebi aleqsan-
drielis nawerebSi xedaven: wminda we-
rils, RvTismetyveluri gonebiT da-
naxul da gaanalizebuli Zvel filo-
sofias, pirad sulier-mistikur moR-
vaweobas.
patriarqi aRniSnavs, rom klimenti
aleqsandrieli saxarebis Tanaxmad
qristianebs or jgufad yofs: 1.mona-
ni RvTisa, eseni arian rwmenis Sesaxeb
primitiuli codnis mqone morwmune-
ni, romelnic martivad ganixilaven
wmida werils, ar uRrmavdebian mis
sakralur azrs da kmayofildebian
igavTa da simboloTa pirdapiri gage-
biT. meore jgufs miekuTvnebian gnos-
tikosebi-mecnierebi, romelnic rwme-
niTa da codnis wyalobiT adian maRa-
li sulieri da mistikuri Wvretis sa-
fexurze. maT Rirseuli mama uflis
megobrebs uwodebs (kaTolikos pat-
riarqi ilia II, 1995, 161). patriarqi
migviTiTebs, rom adamianma unda ganv-
los srulyofis gza RvTis monobidan
RvTis megobrobamde Tu surs gaacno-
bieros Tavisi namdvili adgili da da-
niSnuleba am qveyanaze. patriarqi
imowmebs klimenti aleqsandrielis
SesaniSnav mosazrebas: „ubralo
rwmena adamians hyofs monad, xolo
rwmena gaazrebuli-megobrad RvTi-
sa~ (kaTolikos patriarqi ilia II,
1997, 162).
kaTolikos-patriarqi migviTi-
Tebs, rom marto codna pirovnebis
formirebaSi araa sakmarisi. is auci-
leblad unda eswrafodes sikeTis ke-
Tebas, rom aRasrulos RvTis mcneba-
ni da sasixaruloa, rom inteligen-
ciis nawilma eklesiaSi hpova RmerTi
da Tavisi Tavi. inteligencia reli-
giuri dapirispirebis saSiSroebas
acnobierebs, rom „marTlmadideb-
luri sarwmunoebis gareSe irRveva
safuZveli Cveni kulturisa, ikarge-
ba Cveni tradiciebi, Cveni erovnuli
saxe. amitomac igi TandaTan aqtiu-
rad ebmeba eklesiis cxovrebaSi, mis
mecnierul-saganmanaTleblo, saq-
velmoqmedo da sxva saqmianobaSi~
(kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II, 1995,
162). sixaruliT aRniSnavs, rom inte-
ligenciis ideiT, saqarTvelos sa-
patriarqos sulieri mfarvelobiT
quTaisSi daarsda gelaTis mecniere-
baTa akademia, sadac rCeul akademi-
kosTa xelmZRvanelobiT damuSavda
sulieri TvaliT danaxuli Temebi.
`gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqca
bibliografias, RvTismetyvelebas,
qarTvelologiur da enaTmecnie-
rul kvlevas, kulturuli, fsiqo-
logiuri, anTropologiuri, eTiku-
ri, istoriuli da sxva sakiTxebis ga-
Suqebas. aq erTad imoRvaweben Cveni
saero mklevarni da sasuliero pirni
(kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II, 1997,
163).
gelaTis akademia _ aRniSnavs
patriarqi, unda iyos mowodebuli
ara marto samecniero-kvleviTi mu-
SaobisaTvis, aramed sulieri moRva-
weobisaTvisac. man unda misces xalxs
codna adamianis umTavresi da umniS-
vnelovanesi movaleobebisa, gauRvi-
Zos mas sinanulisa da ganwmendis
survili da moamzados maradiuli
cxovrebisaTvis. wm. basili wers: „su-
li da sxeuli da-Zmani arian, RvTis
mcnebaTa darRveva orives erTnai-
rad amZimebs, maS, movinanioT, raTa
uflisagan codvaTa Sendoba mivi-
RoT da mis winaSe madli vpovoT (ka-
Tolikos patriarqi ilia II, 1997,
163).
patriarqi migviTiTebs, rom su-
lieri da inteleqtualuri Zalebis
erTianobiT Tavisufldeba adamiani
boroti Zalebisagan.
qadagebaSi patriarqi aRniSnavs,
marad unda gvaxsovdes, rom rwmenis
gareSe, RvTis gareSe verafers gaake-
Tebs adamiani. es aris mTavari, upir-
velesi. meore aris Cveni samSoblo,
mesame-adamianis sicocxle. es sami
faseuloba aris ZiriTadi da amas un-
da gavufrTxildeT (sapatriarqos
uwyebani, 2008, 4).
dasasruls gvinda kidev erTxel
gavixsenoT patriarqis epistole-
dan Rirsi dionises darigeba: „sibr-
Zne gonebas mWvretelobiT unars
aniWebs, mWvretelobiT codna moi-
poveba. WeSmariti codniT ki WeSma-
ritebas veziarebiT. sibrZne aris
gonebis Zala da unari. Tu goneba
filosofiuria, igi iwyebs samyaros
aRqmas rwmeniT da amTavrebs ufro
didi da WeSmariti rwmeniT“ (kaTo-
likos-patriarqi ilia II, 1995, 164) .
rsu–s ganaTlebis fakultetis
sruli profesori
lela TavdgiriZe
saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uwmindesi da unetaresi ilia II rwmenisa da codnis erTianobis Sesaxeb
(dasawyisi pirvel gverdze)
3iiaannvvaarrii
uwmindesisa da unetaresis ilia
meoris saSobao da saaRdgomo epis-
toleTa ortomeuli sibrZnis wigne-
bia, romelic samyaros sarked iqca
da guldasmiT Seswavlas, gaazrebas
da cxovrebis wesad qcevas eqvemde-
bareba, miT umetes, rom qarTuli
erovnuli cnobierebis safuZvlebis
Ziebas qristianobisa da filosofi-
is saTaveebTan mivyavarT. wminda ma-
mebis Teologia xom religiebTan
da filosofiur sistemebTan uSua-
lo Tu iribi dialogis nayofia. mar-
Tlmadideblobis pozicia, miuxeda-
vad sxva religiebis mimarT SesaZle-
beli kritikuli damokidebulebisa
yovelTvis aris qristes magaliTis
mixedviT mxolod pativiscema da
siyvaruli, radganac siyvaruli
aris erTianobis, mTlianobis dauo-
kebeli survili da misdami swrafva
(platoni), vinaidan adamiani RvTis
xatad rCeba da misgan ganuyrelia
Tavisufali neba, sulieri goni, siy-
varulis survili da SesaZlebloba.
uwmindesis mosazrebiT „saRvTis-
metyvelo, ganaTlebisa da sulieri
winsvlis misaRwevad didmniSvnelo-
vania wminda mamaTa: ioane oqropi-
ris, basili didis, grigol RvTis-
metyvelis, grigol noselis, efrem
asuris, ioane damaskelis, giorgi da
eqvTime mTawmindelis, grigol xanZ-
Telis... da yovelTa sxvaTa didTa
moZRvarTa cxovrebisa da Sromebis
Seswavla... wmida mamaTa swavlani
miznad isaxavs adamianis RmerTTan
daaxloebas, netarebasa da waruval
sixaruls.’’
saqarTvelos momavalze fiqrs
uwmindesi upirvelesad ganaTlebis
da codnis problemebiT iwyebs da
samarTlianad miiCnevs rogorc sa-
Sualo, ise umaRlesi saswavleble-
bisaTvis Rrma azrovnebis kursis
Sedgenas. iuneskos gadawyvetile-
biT ukve ramdenime welia filoso-
fia saSualo skolaSi aucilebel
saswavlo sagnad gamocxadda, warma-
tebiT dainerga da am mimarTulebiT
muSaoba kvlavac grZeldeba.
vfiqrobT, es problema Cveni sa-
ganmanaTleblo sivrcisaTvisac
mniSvnelovania da misi ganxorcie-
leba xels Seuwyobs moswavleebSi
kritikuli, sistemuri da saRi az-
rovnebis ganviTarebas.
uwmindesis mier zemoT gacxade-
buli Rrma azris kursi swored rom
saRi azris identuria da niSnavs:
sulis aqtiur mdgomareobas;
moqmedebisaTvis mudmiv mzad-
yofnas:
inercias inteleqtualuri saq-
mianobisaTvis;
msxverplTSewirvas myari Sexe-
dulebebisa da mza gadawyvetilebe-
bis dasaZlevad;
swori arCevanisa da sasargeb-
lo gadawyvetilebis safuZvels;
Tvisobriv grZnobas adamianuri
urTierTobebisaTvis;
SiSis daZlevas;
saRi azri praqtikul cxovreba-
Si igivea, rac genia mecnierebasa da
xelovnebaSi (a. bergsoni)
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom sakiTxi
romelic uaRresad aqtualuria Ta-
namedrove evropul saganmanaTleb-
lo sivrceSi, saqarTveloSi warma-
tebiT iyo gadawyvetili jer kidev
gasuli saukunis 50-ian wlebSi. kote
baqraZis mier gamocemuli logikis
saxelmZRvanelo saSualo skolis me-
TerTmete klasisaTvis 1953 wels
amis naTeli dasturia. es imas niS-
navs, rom warsulis xelaRebiT uar-
yofas arasodes moaqvs sasikeTo Se-
degi, gansakuTrebiT maSin ,
roca saqme ganaTlebas exe-
ba. iqneb patriarqis mowo-
debas mainc davugdoT yu-
ri?
epistoleTa analizi
cxadad aCvenebs uwminde-
sis brZnul damokidebule-
bas ganaTlebis filosofi-
uri problemebisadmi. igi
pasuxia ganaTlebis oTxi
RerZis-aRqma, Semecneba,
swavla keTebiT, urTier-
Tobebis swavla - aucileb-
lobaze da im zneobriv
gardaqmnebze, romelic un-
da ganxorcieldes Tana-
medrove saganmanaTleblo
sivrceSi.
ilia meore epistoleeb-
Si xSirad mimarTavs filo-
sofosTa naazrevs da gan-
sakuTrebul mniSvnelobas
aniWebs. amjerad Cineli
filosofosis le-czis
naSromis im amonarids
gvTavazobs, romelic zus-
tad exmianeba ganaTlebis
winaSe mdgom Tanamedrove
problemebs.
„maswavlebeli Tavis mo-
wafes mSvildis srolaSi
avarjiSebda. mowafem mi-
zans moaxvedra da maswav-
lebels sTxova, axla sxva
davaleba mieca misTvis.
man hkiTxa:-ici ki Sen ra-
tom moaxvedre mizanSi? ymawvilma
upasuxa: ara. maSin maswavlebelma mi-
ugo: ese igi, es xeloba Sen jer kidev
ar ici.
moswavle saxlSi dabrunda da sa-
mi weli Tavdauzogavad mecadineob-
da. Semdeg kvlav mivida pedagogTan
da uCvena Tavisi SesaZleblobebi.
xolo rodesac man igive kiTxva gau-
meora, uyoymanod upasuxa: „vici’’.
maswavlebelma didad gaixara da
uTxra: „ai, axla ki namdvili ostati
xar. gaufrTxildi Sens SesaZleblo-
bebs da ar dakargo igi. cxovrebis
aseTi wesi dagexmareba ara marto
mSvildis srolaSi, aramed saxelmwi-
fos marTvaSic da Sens Tavze muSao-
bis drosac, radgan brZeni ara si-
cocxles an sikvdils iZiebs, aramed
maT mizezebs’’. ase exmianeba patri-
arqi ganaTlebis winaSe mdgom amoca-
nebs da misi gadawyvetis optimalur
variantsac gvTavazobs.
mniSvnelovania uwmindesis damo-
kidebuleba zneobrivi aRzrdisadmi.
sasuliero seminariasa da akade-
miaSi ikiTxeba sagani, romelsac
„zneobrivi RvTismetyveleba’’ ewo-
deba. Tu RvTismetyveleba jer kidev
miuRebelia Cvens skolebSi, zneoba
xom aucilebelia, sagans davarqvaT
„zneobrivi kultura’’ da SevitanoT
igi skolis programaSi - wers patri-
arqi.
cota mogvianebiT ki uwmidesi aR-
niSnavs, rom ganaTlebis srulyofi-
saTvis aucilebelia skolaSi filo-
sofiis, fsiqologiis da logikis
Seswavla. gansakuTrebiT momxibla-
vi poziciidan gvacnobs Sotlandie-
li filosofosis biatas damokide-
bulebas aRzrdisadmi, konkretu-
lad ki RvTis siyvarulis bavSvobi-
danve gaRviZebaSi. patriarqi mog-
viTxrobs, rom rodesac bavSvma
kiTxva iswavla, mamam bostnis erT
kuTxeSi Svilis saxeli dawera,
kvlebSi yvavilebis Tesli Cayara, mi-
wa miafara da gaaswora. roca bavSvma
Tavisi saxeli naxa yvavilebiT dawe-
rili, mamam es faqti SemTxveviTobas
miawera, magram vaJma mtkiced miugo,
rom es TavisTavad ar moxdeboda. ma-
Sin mamam aRiara, Tu rogor daTesa
kvlebSi yvavilebis Tesli da dauma-
ta, rom msgavsad amisa arc samyaro
da masSi daculi gasaocari wesrigia
TavisiT Seqmnili, rom igi gamovle-
naa RvTaebrivi gonisa da siyvaruli-
sa, Cveni Svilebic unda SevaCvioT
gansjas, gonier azrovnebas da moq-
medebas. amitomac yvelanairad unda
SevecadoT, koncentrireba gavuke-
ToT mTel Cvens sulier da inteleq-
tualur SesaZleblobebs da Sevqm-
naT saSualo skolis yvela klasi-
saTvis filosofiuri Rrma azrovne-
bis kursi _ daaskvnis patriarqi.
winamdebare statiaSi Cven ukve
vaxseneT sityva „kultura“, aqve
isic unda vTqvaT, rom ilia meori-
saTvis sityva ar marto bgeraTa er-
Tianobaa; masSi gansakuTrebuli mis-
tikuri Zalaa Cadebuli. am ganmarte-
bis Semdeg ukve naTeli xdeba ratom
eSinia adamians wyevlis, an kidev, ra-
tom aris miuRebeli „siZulvilis
ena“, romel enazec samwuxarod la-
mis naxevari saqarTvelo saubrobs.
cxadia, sazogadoebis,saxelmwi-
fosa da calkeuli pirovnebis kul-
tura gansazRvravs kacobriobis mo-
mavals.
„sityva kultura sazogadoebriv
mecnierebaTa, da gansakuTrebiT is-
toriaSi, ori azriT ixmareba. pirve-
lis mixedviT kultura-
Si umTavresad igulisx-
meba ganaTleba ...kul-
turs meore, gacilebiT
farTo gagebas sZens yo-
fis mniSvneloba, anu Si-
nagani mdgomareoba.
kulturas ase gamoyo-
fen: materialuri...da
sulieri. masSi Sedis:
religia, ena, Cveuleba-
ni, zneoba, codna, li-
teratura, xelovneba...
da sazogadoebrivi
formebi da kanonebi“.
aseTi ganmartebis Sem-
deg uwmindesi svams
kiTxvas:
-gana kulturuli Se-
iZleba ewodos pirovne-
bas, romelsac SeuZlia
sxvas ziani moutanos?
romelmac codna imi-
saTvis SeiZina,rom kar-
gad daweros cilismwa-
mebluri, anonimuri we-
rilebi, rom ufro mo-
xerxebulad daugos maxe
moyvass, dascinos da Se-
uracxyos igi?
aseTi kaci Tavis viw-
ro egoizmSia Caketili,
usazRvroa simdidri-
sadmi misi ltolva...
araswori gziT moipova
maRali samsaxureobrivi
mdgomareoba,... atyuebs xalxs... ase-
Ti adamiani Sorsaa ara marto RvTisa
da rwmenisagan, aramed yovelgvari
kulturisagan - wers patriarqi. es
ganacxadi aucileblad Caafiqrebs
im adamianebs, romlebmac aseTi
cxovrebis gza airCies, monanieba ki
arasodes ar aris gviani. ramdeni sa-
marTliani kacis sicocxlec Seiwira
usamarTlo braldebebma, cilismwa-
meblurma gancxadebebma? droa Sev-
CerdeT, viswavloT urTerTobis
kultura, gaviTvaliswinoT rom es
ganaTlebis erT–erTi mTavari Rer-
Zia.
rac Seexeba aRqmas, patriarqi
pirdapir miuTiTebs, rom `wlebis
manZilze ganaTlebulobiT vamayob-
diT, arada gvaqvs mxolod zerele
codna da, aqedan gamomdinare, zere-
le aRqma sagnebisa da garemo samya-
rosi~, cxadia, am sityvebiT gacxad-
da saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi mimdi-
nare reformis is mimarTuleba, ra-
mac xeli unda Seuwyos mozardis Se-
saZleblobebis da Sinagani ganviTa-
rebis potencialis gamovlenas, rom
ar SevzRudoT, RvTis mier kacisT-
vis moniWebuli Tavisufali neba,
romlis gareSe rogorc materia-
lur-teqnikuri, ise sulieri winsv-
la ver ganxorcieldeba.
guli taZaria RvTisa
(gagrZeleba me-4 gverdze)
4 iiaannvvaarrii
filosofiis axali dargis _ „ga-
naTlebis filosofiis“ erT–erTi
mniSvnelovani problemaa codnasa
da ganaTlebas Soris mimarTebis
dadgena. es Tema gansazRvravs arse-
biT sxvaobas tradiciul da Tana-
medrove ganaTlebas Soris, asabu-
Tebs saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi
inovaciebis aucileblobas, gvarw-
munebs rom bavSvi ar aris is qvevri,
romelic codniT unda avavsoT, ara-
med gamovavlinoT TiToeul „mos-
wavleSi Cadebuli raRac gansakuT-
rebuli niWi da unari“. uwmindesi
wers:
...ver vxedavT zRvars codnasa da
ganaTlebas Soris, ver vgrZnobT,
rom ganaTleba ufro metis momcemia
vidre codna, amitomac verc erTi
mcodne adamiani ganaTlebulad ver
CaiTvleba. ganaTleba, inteleqti,
upirveles yovlisa, gulisxmobs ma-
Ral zneobas, rwmenas, siyvaruls,
sulierebas. seni, romelic Tanamed-
rove sazogadoebas TiTqmis yvela
fenas axasiaTebs, aris dabali suli-
ereba“. vfiqrobT, es seni yvelaze
momakvdinebelia erisaTvis da suli-
erebis amaRleba upirvelesad wigni-
erebiT unda daviwyoT. patriaqs am
kiTxvazec aqvs pasuxi da acxadebs,
rom „wignebi unda Sedgebodes kano-
nebisa da Rrma abstraqtuli azrov-
nebis Semcveli magaliTebisagan, ra
Tqma unda gamoyenebuli unda iyos
RvTis metyveleba, logika, fsiqo-
logia, filosofia, anTrofologia,
literatura, istoria da sxva dis-
ciplinebi.
patriarqi did mniSvnelobas ani-
Webs adamianisa da xelovnebis urTi-
erTobis da mSvenierebis problemi-
sadmi damokidebulebebs. Tvlis,
rom adamianSi mSvenierebis aRqmisa
da Seqmnis unarebis ganviTarebaa di-
dad Seuwyobs xels adamianis gake-
TilSobilebas.
„skolebSi aucilebelia esTeti-
kuri kursis Setana,xalxSi Tanda-
Tan ikargeba silamazis grZno-
bac.adamiani imdenad gauxeSda,rom
aRarc bunebis aRqmis unari aqvs, arc
musikis gancdisa, kultura sulie-
rebisagan daiSrita,uRvTo da usu-
lo gaxda,xelovneba,romelmac unda
aRzardos adamianebi da sulieri
amaRlebisa da zneobrivi srulyo-
fis kibeze aiyvanos isini, uSinaarso
gasarTobad iqca“
patriaqis am citataSi ara mxolod
adamianis, aramed xelovnebis krizic
Cans.es calke Temaa da winamdebare
statiaSi mis axsnas aRar Seudge-
biT,magram gverds ver avuvliT Temas:
-saidan da rogor daviwyoT aRz-
rda?
patriarqi am kiTxvas ase pasu-
xobs: cnobili mecnierebi, filoso-
fosebi, RvTismetyvelebi, fsiqolo-
gebi miiCneven, rom am saqmes bavSvis
dabadebis pirveli dRidanve unda
SevudgeT. amasTan, mudam unda gvax-
sovdes, rom aucilebelia codnis
micemasTan erTad grZnobaTa aRzr-
dazec vizrunoT. am citatiT patri-
arqi erTxel kidev Segvaxsenebs mos-
wavleTa esTetikuri aRzrdis auci-
leblobas, rac dRis wesrigSi svams
xelovnebis pedagogebis saganmanaT-
leblo programis momzadeba-gan-
xorcielebas, rac saSur saqmed mig-
vaCnia da aucileblad unda Seiqmnas
pedagogiur mecnierebaTa departa-
mentSi pedagogTa da xelovanTa
jgufi,romelic Tavs gaarTmevs am
saSviliSvilo saqmes. iqneb patriar-
qis sityvam mogvces is Zala da ener-
gia, rac am problemebis mogvarebi-
saTvis aris saWiro.
epistoleTa erT-erTi mniSvne-
lovani da axali samecniero Teoria-
sa da literaturaSi „gulis kultu-
ris’’ cnebis damkvidrebaa. patriar-
qis ganmartebiT guli aris adamianis
sulieri da xorcieli sicocxlis
SeerTebis adgili, aqedan momdina-
reobs keTili da boroti zraxvani
da qmedebani. aq xdeba yovelive amis
samarTliani an usamarTlo gans-
ja,rac Semdeg Cvens moqmedebaSi
vlindeba. guli aris centri mraval-
gvari sulieri grZnobisa, sxvadasxva
gancdisa, cxoveluri vnebisa. ase
rom, gulSi yalibdeba da mwifdeba
pirovnebis zneobrivi safuZvele-
bi,romelnic Semdeg adamianis cxov-
rebaSi iCens Tavs aseTi saintereso
ganmartebis Semdeg patriaqi svams
kiTxvas:
-rogor movipovoT gulis gasa-
Rebi?
pasuxi: `mSoblebma Tu maswavleb-
lebma, upirveles yovlisa, msmenel-
Ta siyvaruli unda daimsaxuron da
gasaRebic maT xelSi iqneba“ - wers
patriarqi da agrZelebs azrs, rom
,,harmoniuli Serwyma gonebisa da
gulis SesaZleblobebisa exmareba
adamians sulier, inteleqtualursa
da kulturul srulyofaSi, Tavis
SecnobaSi. aseve udidesi mniSvnelo-
ba aqvs bibliis Seswavlas. biblia er-
TaderTi wignia kacobriobisa...
xsnis Cveni sulis ufaqizes Sreebs,
TvalnaTliv gviCvenebs Sedegs cod-
visa da borotebisa, Sedegs siyvaru-
lisa da sikeTisa, gviCvenebs maradi-
ul da warmaval Rirebulebebs~.
da marTlac ra mSvenieri iqneba
cxovreba patriarqis mosmenas gu-
liT Tu SevZlebT...
guli ServaSiZe
guli taZaria RvTisa(dasawyisi me-3 gverdze)
nnaaTTlliissRReebbaa - es aris dRe,
roca ufalma Cvenma ieso qris-
tem mdinare iordaniaSi simdab-
liT ioane naTlismcemlisgan
naTeliRo da wyali xrwnilebi-
sagan ganwmida, raTa mis mier
codvaTa moteveba moeniWebina
CvenTvis. macxovarma TviTon ki
ar miiRo siwmide an, rogorc
ucodveli, ganwmedas ki ar saWi-
roebda, aramed naTeliRo Cveni
SewevnisaTvis, Semusra eSmaki
da ganwmedili wyliT Cveni us-
juloeba ganbana. naTlisRebi-
sas suliwmidis saidumlo moq-
medebiT qristiani qristes sxe-
uls, eklesias uerTdeba. sai-
dumlo ki madlis uxilav moqme-
debaSi mdgomareobs: wyali sxe-
uls ganwmends, suliwmida ki
gonebisaTvis miuwvdomlad
TviT suls ganbans. gana es sak-
virvelia? – ubralo magaliTi
moviSvelioT: roca cecxli
rkinis sizrqeSi Sedis, yvelafe-
ri cecxlad iqceva. am dros ci-
vic cxeldeba da Savic naTdeba.
Tuki nivTieri cecxli rkinaSi
SeRwevisas ase daubrkoleblad
moqmedebs, raRa gasakviria, rom
suliwmida sulis siRrmeSi aR-
wevdes? (kirile ierusalimeli).
am dRes RvTis gancxadeba ewo-
deba, radganac swored maSin
gancxadda pirvelad sameba – Ze
naTels iRebda, suliwmida
mtredis saxiT Canda, xolo ci-
dan ismoda mamis xma : „ese ars Ze
Cemi sayvareli, romel me saTno
viyav”.
tropari: raJams iordanes naTel iRe Sen, ufalo, maSin samebisa Tayvaniscema gamosCnda, rameTu mami-
sa xma gewameboda, da sayuarelad Zed saxel-gdva Sen, da suli wmida saxiTa tredisaTa daamtkicebda sity-
visa mis ucdomelobasa, romeli ganscxaden, qriste RmerTo, da yoveli sofeli gananaTle, dideba Senda.
kondaki: ganecxade dRes yovelsa sofelsa da naTeli Seni ufalo aw moisaxa Cuen zeda, mecnierebiT
mcnobTa maT SenTa da ganscxaden naTelo Seuxebelo.
naTlisRebis dResaswaulze da mis wina dRes yvela marTlmadideblur taZarSi sruldeba wyalkurTxe-
va didi aiazmis wesiT da nakurTxi wyali urigdebaT morwmuneebs. am wyals uflis mier kurTxeuli iorda-
nis madli eZleva da, Cveulebrivi wylisgan gansxvavebiT, ar ixrwneba. is SegiZliaT mTeli wlis ganmavlo-
baSi SeinaxoT da gansacdelisa da avadmyofobis dros miiRoT.
n a T l i s R e b a
5iiaannvvaarrii
satelevizio proeqt `saqarT-
velos varskvlavis~ gamarjvebu-
li baTumeli luka zaqariaZe gax-
da. igi baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetis sa-
marTalmcodneobis specialobis
meore kursis studentia.
_ luka, ram gadagawyvetinaT
proqtSi monawileobis miReba?
_ ra vici, gaTenda da gadavwy-
vite.
_ SesarCev dRes rogor gaixse-
nebT?
_ es iyo emociebiT savse dRe.
ar vnerviulobdi saerTod. vityvi,
rom es erT-erTi kargi dRe iyo
Cems cxovrebaSi.
_ pirveli sakonkurso dRe...
_ cotas vnerviulobdi, mindo-
da proeqtSi darCenda, radgan bev-
ri ram SemeZlo. mokled vityvi,
rom kargi dRe iyo, gamixarda Sem-
deg turSi gadasvla.
_ Jiuris wevrebidan gamoar-
CevdiT romelimes?
_ samives gamovarCevdi, radgan
yvelani namdvilad kargi adamiane-
bi arian.
_ konkursantebis Sesaxeb ras
ityviT?
_ Cemi megobrebi arian.
_ romelime konkursants xom
ar gamoarCevdiT?
_ me? riTi unda gamovarCio... me
ar mexeba!
_ rogor SeafasebT dRes ukve
saqarTvelos varskvlavi luka
zaqariaZe proeqt `saqarTvelos
varskvlavs”?
_ proeqti “saqarTvelos varsk-
vlavi” aris Zalian magari proeqti.
_ nikoloz raWvelma Tqven
gansakuTrebulad SegafasaT.
Tqveni emocia rogori iyo am
dros?
_ ar maqvs aseT Sefasebebze
emocia.
_ Tqveni Janruli Tavisebure-
ba scenaze gamoikveTa, magram pi-
radad Tqven romels gamoarCev-
diT?
_ roks.
_ ratom roki?
_ imitom rom Cem Tavs iq ufro
vxedav da ufro axlos aris CemTan.
_ rogoria Tqveni erTi Cveu-
lebrivi dRe?
_ Tendeba, raRacebs vakeTeb da
mere Ramdeba.
_ ramdenadac viciT, samar-
Talmcodneobis specialobis
studenti xarT. samomavlod ro-
mel sferoSi ufro xedavT Tavs?
_ ra vici... rogorc dalagdeba
cxovreba, yvelaferi ise iqneba. me
albaT ufro musikas mivyvebi.
_ proeqtis dasrulebis Sem-
deg konkretuli SemoTavazebebi
xom ar gqoniaT?
_ ara.
_ ras etyviT mkiTxvels _ Cven
universitetis studentebs, Tana-
qalaqebs, profesor-maswavleb-
lebs?
_ vetyvi, rom Zalian miyvars. Ce-
mi qalaqi Cemi sulis nawilia da es
xalxic Cemi sulis nawilia. TiToe-
uls individualurad verafers
vetyvi, SeZlebisdagvarad da Tavi-
seburlad yvela Zalian miyvars.
_ gmadlobT, gisurvebT Semd-
gom warmatebebs!!!
2012 wlis 28 dekembers samarTalmcodneo-
bis specialobis studentebma universitetis
saaqti darbazSi Sexvedra moawyves saxelwo-
debiT `mRerian da xumroben momvali iuris-
tebi~. saRamos profesor-maswavleblebi da
studentebi eswrebodnen. rogorc aRmoCnda,
momavali iuristebi mravalmxrivi niWiT da-
jildoebuli arian. cekva, TamaSi da daxvewi-
li iumori _ es is arasruli CamonaTvalia,
rac studentebis mxridan scenaze erTmaneTs
enacvleboda. mesame kursis studentma maka
doliZem socialur mecnierebaTa, biznesisa
da samarTalmcodneobis fakultetis dekans
da samarTalmcodneobis departamentis xel-
mZRvanels leqsebi miuZRvna, romelsac aqve
gTavazobT:
adam maxaraZes!
me Sevecdebi kursis saTqmeli
muzisgan naSob bgerebiT gamcnoT,
seminars ibarebT mxolod faqtebiT,
tribunis Semdeg muxlebs veRar vgrZnobT...
vakvalificirebT danaSaulebs,
CamovTvliT yvela arsebiT niSans...
xan ki mogvitanT iseT kazusebs,
qurdoba Zarcvisgan ver gagvimijnavs!
gviyvars Tqveni mSvidi buneba,
Tqveni usazRvrod keTili guli,
gaqvT tarielTan yofnis ufleba,
rogorc ufleba aqcesoruli...
dekanis grafikma mogwyvitaT kabinets
da sanTliT saZebn leqtorad gaqciaT,
mudam gzaSi xarT anda TaTbirze,
modiT da mieciT kvalifikacia!
pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT:
maka doliZe, 2012 weli.
murman gorgoSaZes!
didxans vifiqre rogor damewyo
TqvenTvis moZRvnili pirveli leqsi,
vai, Tu friadze qula ar meyos,
win Tqveni sagnis gamocda melis...
xumrobanarev strofebiTac ki
Tqvens did iumors ver Sevedrebi,
ise, studentebs kiTxva gvaqvs erTi:
im Tqvens proeqtors riT ver eleviT?
an ar mogwyindaT sul pultis Zebna?
ingac gagvixda amdeni rbeniT,
Cvens samsaxurSi yovelTvis, yvelgan
gadaiqanca cxrilebis beWdviT...
leqciis kiTxvis ubadlo niWi
Tqvens iumorTan sinTezirdeba,
iseTi donis xumrobebs ityviT,
erTi wlis Tavze kursi Zlivs xvdeba...
gava wlebi da Cven gagixsenebT,
droni ver waSlis CvenSi Tqvens testebs!
ra dagvaviwyebs Camqral imedebs
da ase mtanjvel sagamocdo centrs?!
ra dagvaviwyebs ferad slaidebs
da tevad Jurnals arebiT savses?
Tqvens mcdelobebs rom gamogvafxizlebT,
Tumc mxolod calmxriv
msjelobebs aRwevT...
TqvenTvis unaklo kiTxva isaa,
Sua leqciaze fiqrs rom agiSliT,
aRfrTovandebiT: kargi kiTxvaa,
Tumc gipasuxebT Semdeg slaidSi...
pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT:
maka doliZe, 2012 weli.
`Cemi qalaqi Cemi
sulis nawilia~
samarTalmcodneobis
specialobis studenti
luka zaqariaZe
`saqarTvelos varskvlavia~
`̀mmRReerriiaann ddaa xxuummrroobbeenn mmoommaavvaallii iiuurriisstteebbii~~
6 iiaannvvaarrii
saerTaSoriso turistul termino-
logiaSi damkvidrebulia termini
,,kulturuli turizmi”, romelic uax-
loes warsulSi aRiniSneboda `Semecne-
biTi turizmis~ saxelwodebiT.
kulturuli turizmi moicavs tu-
rizmis yvela im mimarTulebas, romelic
dakavSirebulia eris, istoriis, kultu-
ris, eTnografiis, materialuri da suli-
eri memkvidreobis popularizaciisaTvis.
kulturuli turizmis programas
ori ZiriTadi aspeqti gansazRvravs: a)
kulturuli turizmis ekonomika (baz-
ris Seswavla, dagegmva, analizi) da b)
Sinaarsobrioba (SemecnebiTi mogzau-
robebisaTvis formebis, Tematikis, sa-
mogzauro marSrutebis da eqvskursie-
bis Sedgena.
turistuli produqtis konkuren-
tunarianoba pirdapir proporciula-
daa damokidebuli saCvenebeli obieq-
tis Rirsebebze da im infrastruqtura-
ze, rac umravles SemTxvevaSi Zeglebis,
rogorc mTavari saCvenebeli obieqtis
garSemo arsebobs.
saqarTveloSi kulturuli turiz-
mis ganviTareba unda daigegmos isto-
riuli Zeglebis, istoriuli Rirebu-
lebebisa da maT garSemo arsebuli inf-
rastruqturis gaTvaliswinebiT.
saerTaSoriso turizmis eqspertTa
daskvnis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi tu-
rizmis saxeebis ganviTarebis mxriv,
kulturul turizms erT-erTi mTavari
adgili ukavia. miuxedavad saqarTvelo-
Si ZeglTa simravlisa da movla - patro-
nobis mcdelobisa, Zalian bevri Zegli
jer kidev ar aris saTanadod movlili,
raTa SeCerdes maTi ganadgureba da isi-
ni wardgnen srulmniSvnelovani saxiT
damTvalierebelTa winaSe.
aRiniSvnis Rirsia is garemoebac,
rom turizmisaTvis kulturul Ronis-
ZiebaTa bazari izrdeba da farTovdeba.
igi moicavs saerTaSoriso festiva-
lebs, xelovnebis nimuSebis gamofenas,
rac turistulma organizaciebma kul-
turis saministrosTan mWidro kavSirSi
unda ganaxorcielon.
saxelmwifom xeli unda Seuwyos
kulturul sanaxaobaTa turebis orga-
nizatorebs: muzeumebs, Zeglebs, Teat-
rebs.
Tavis mxriv turizmidan miRebuli
Semosavlebi SemdegSi xels Seuwyoben
kulturuli memkvidreobis Senaxvas da
TaobebisaTvis gadacemas.
aseTive midgoma sWirdeba dacul
teritoriebs da erovnul parkebs, sa-
dac turizmisaTvis unda gamoiyos te-
ritoriebi (saseirno da sajiriTo bi-
likebi). kulturuli turizmis ganvi-
TarebisaTvis aucilebelia transpor-
tis Sevseba, Sav zRvaze kruizebis ga-
naxleba da sxva.
saqarTvelos msxvil qalaqebSi da
kulturul centrebSi saqalaqo tu-
rizmis damkvidrebis mizniT, aucile-
belia sastumro qselebis gafarToe-
ba.
kulturuli turizmisaTvis gansa-
kuTrebiT damaxasiaTebelia farTo mo-
culobis SemecnebiTi turebis organi-
zeba. am mizniT, unda moxdes saqarTve-
los mezobel qveynebTan somxeTTan,
azerbaijanTan, ruseTTan da TurqeT-
Tan erToblivi marketinguli kvleve-
bis Catareba.
kulturuli turizmis ganviTareba-
Si saxelmwifos xelSewyoba unda mox-
des, miznobrivi reklamisa da sainfor-
macio saSualebebis gamoyenebis gziT.
am mizniT ZiriTad potenciur ba-
zarze unda gafarTovdes, saqarTvelos
rogorc turistuli qveynis gacnobie-
rebis sakiTxi. rac xelmiuwvdomelia
kerZo seqtorisaTvis.
saqarTvelos turistuli bazris
reklamirebisaTvis aucilebelia:
a) monawileoba saerTaSoriso tu-
ristul bazrobebsa da gamofenebze;
b) ucxoeli Jurnalistebis saqarT-
veloSi mowveva;
g) ucxour presaSi da internetis
qselSi saqarTvelos turistul poten-
cialze informaciis gavrceleba;
d) saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi
Tematuri konferenciebis organizeba
da sxva.
saqarTvelos turizmisa da kuror-
tebis departamentma SemuSava da gaaa-
naliza saqarTveloSi tradiciulad
arsebuli SemecnebiTi turistuli
marSrutebi, romelTa Sedgenis prin-
cipebi da turistTa mogzaurobebis
motivaciebi, sadReisod saerTaSori-
so turistul bazarze arsebuli
moTxovnilebaa, ris Sedegadac gani-
sazRvra im umniSvnelovanesi Zeglebis
nusxa, romlebic Sedis turistul mar-
SrutebSi.
dReisaTvis saqarTvelos teritori-
aze arsebuli umniSvnelovanesi Zeglebi
Seadgenen kulturuli turizmis umTav-
res safuZvels. Tanamedrove etapze sa-
xelmwifo zrunavs kulturuli memk-
vidreoba aiyvanos umaRles doneze, rac
safuZvliani winapirobaa saqarTveloSi
kulturuli turizmis ganviTarebis
saqmeSi.
eemmzzaarr mmaakkaarraaZZee
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetis
asocirebuli profesori
kulturuli turizmis ganviTarebis RonisZiebebi saqarTveloSi
am qveynad yvela adamians Tavisi sa-
Tes-samkali gaaCnia da saamayoc. am qvey-
nis mTavar wess sicocxlis winaSe Rir-
seulad valis moxda warmoadgens.
brZens uTqvams: „rasac dasTes, imas mo-
imkio.“ xe nayofiT izomeba, adamiani ki
sulmdidrad gatarebuli cxovrebis
wlebiT, cxovreba _ SedegebiT. am mxriv
Zalian bevri aqvs saamayo Cvens Soris
adamianuri ubraloebiT, zneobiT da
SromismoyvareobiT gamorCeul pirov-
nebas, baton nodar Tevdores Ze kosta-
vas, romelic ager ukve 8 aTeuli welia
muxlCauxrelad Sromobs da brZolobs
am qveynad sikeTis gamarjvebisTvis. amas
Cvens mier gadafurcluli misi cxovre-
bis kalendari ambobs. igi daibada 1933
wlis 1 ianvars guriis erT lamaz sofel
baxvSi. 1941–1945 ww. swavlobda lanCxu-
Tis raionis sofel CoCxaTis saSualo
skolaSi. 1952–1956 ww. baTumis SoTa
rusTavelis saxelobis saxelmwifo pe-
dagogiuri institutis fizika–maTema-
tikis fakultetis studenti iyo.
1952–1956 ww. muSaobda ozurgeTis rai-
onis sofel baxvis saSualo skolaSi fi-
zikis maswavleblad. da mainc, batoni
nodaris pirovnuli srulyofa, daosta-
teba da sazogadoebaSi warmoCena gana-
piroba saqarTvelos sazogadoeba
„codnasTan“ arsebul planetariumSi
gatarebulma 35-wlianma dauRalavma
Sromam. man 1959 wlidan rTuli cxovre-
bis gza ganvlo, rigiTi laborantidan
samecniero teqnikuri ganyofilebis
gamgemde. 1982 wlis 9 Tebervlis gazeT
„sovetskaia adJaria–s“ furclebze, mis
Sesaxeb vkiTxulobT: sademonstracio
darbazSi TandaTan qreba sinaTle, siCu-
meSi, naxevarsferosebur gumbaTze
nel–nela Cndeba varskvlavebi da pla-
netebi. panoramas aciskrovnebs amomava-
li mzis sinaTle. leqtori iwyebs mim-
zidvel saubars samyaros usasruloba-
sa da misi saidumloebebis Sesaxeb, ax-
landeli da momavali saplanetTaSori-
so mogzaurobis da pirveli kosmonav-
tebis Sesaxeb. ase iwyeba nodar kostavas
Cveulebrivi samuSao dRe baTumis pla-
netariumSi. misi mudmivi msmenelebi
arian baTumisa da misi Semogareni sof-
lebis skolis moswavleebi, studentebi,
baTumSi Camosuli turistebi, romelTa
raodenoba yovel wels ramdenime aTass
adamians aRwevs. isini amdidreben Tavi-
anT codnas astronomiaSi, fizika– ma-
Tematikasa da geografiaSi, geologiasa
da biologiaSi. saleqcio Tematika mra-
valferovania, es aris „mze da planetTa
samyaro“, „msoflio okeane da misi sim-
didre“, udidesi geografiuli aRmoCe-
nebi da a. S. sul 80 Tema. yovel wels 2
aTasamde leqcia tardeba, aqedan naxeva-
ri gamsvleli leqciebi tardeba mTiani
aWaris da mTlianad dasavleT saqarTve-
los mosaxleobaSi. leqciis Catarebis
procesSi, leqtoris saimedo dasayr-
dens warmoadgens sxvadasxva sistemis
specialuri sademonstracio aparatu-
ra, Tavisi TvalsaCinoebiT. zemoT aR-
niSnul problemebTan dakavSirebiT
moZRvari aris araerTi werilisa Tu
statiis avtori. sanimuSo leqciebis Ca-
tarebisTvis igi araerTxel aris da-
jildoebuli saqarTvelos sazogadoe-
ba „ codnis “ gamgeobis prezidiumis sa-
patio sigeliT.
nodar kostavas sadac ki uRvawia,
yvelgan xalxis siTbo da siyvaruli da-
umsaxurebia.
1996 wlidan batoni nodari baTumis
SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universi-
tetSi moRvaweobs, jer rigiT komendan-
tad, xolo 2006 wlidan materialuri
resursebis marTvis sameurneo nawilis
komendantad. universitetis reqtoris,
prof. al. bakuriZis 2010 wlis 3 oqtomb-
ris brZanebiT nodar kostava universi-
tetisTvis gaweuli mzrunvelobisTvis
dajildovda sapatio sigeliT.
batoni nodari qarTul tradicieb-
ze damkvidrebuli SesaniSnavi ojaxis
patronia. misi meuRle, ulamazesi qal-
batoni liza malazonia 40 wlis ganmav-
lobaSi moRvaweobda SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetis samecniero
biblioTekaSi. udidesia misi damsaxure-
ba bibliografiis ganyofilebis dafuZ-
neba-ganviTarebaSi, romelsac igi didi
xnis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda. ba-
toni nodari amayobs Tavisi STamomav-
lebiT. igi 2 Svilis, 4 SviliSvilis da 4
SvilTaSvilis babuaa.
did vaJas uTqvams: „mCate TavTavi
Tavs zeviT awevs, mwife yovelTvis Tav-
daxriliao “. batoni nodaris pirovnu-
li Tvisebebidan yvelaze didad dasafa-
sebelia swored Tavmdabloba, ubralo-
eba da adamianuri siTbo.
batono nodar! universiteti gilo-
cavT Rirseulad gatarebul 80 wlis
iubiles da gisurvebT mxneobas, janis
simrTeles da didi xnis sicocxles.
merab megreliSvili
m o Z R v a r i
7iiaannvvaarrii
saswavlo procesis marTvis de-
partamentis mizania saganmanaTleb-
lo sistemis mowesrigeba. misi Ziri-
Tadi amocanaa ganaTlebis xarisxob-
rivi zrda, rac umTavresad kontro-
lis xarisxsa da samarTavi qvesiste-
misa da mmarTvelis urTierTdamoki-
debulebebSi vlindeba. aqedan ga-
momdinare, Cveni departamentis mi-
zani ase SeiZleba Camoyalibdes:
saswavlo procesis organizaci-
uli uzrunvelyofa. saerTaSoriso
saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi integ-
racia qarTuli saganmanaTleblo
sivrcisaTvis dRes gansakuTrebul
aqtualobas iZens. Tumca, am sa-
kiTxiT jer kidev ilia WavWavaZe iyo
dainteresebuli, romelmac evropa-
Si integracia saqarTvelosaTvis
mniSvnelovan problemad, xolo da-
viT guramiSvilis Semoqmedeba ev-
ropuli kulturis nawilad gamo-
acxada.
departamenti universitetis
profesor-maswavleblebs da stu-
dentebs xelsayrel garemos uqmnis
saerTaSoriso saganmanaTleblo
sivrceSi integraciisaTvis.swored
amitom departamentis kidev erTi
mizani - saswavlo procesis saerTa-
Soriso standartebis Sesabamisad
warmarTvisa da konkurentunariani
specialistebis momzadebis proce-
sisaTvis xelSewyobaa.
gamomdinare am miznebidan saswav-
lo procesis marTvis departamen-
tis funqciebi ramdenime ZiriTad
mimarTulebad aris dayofili:
1. saswavlo procesis organiza-
ciis kontroli;
2. universitetis akademiuri per-
sonalis da saaTobrivi anazRaure-
bis wesiT mowveuli maswavleblebis
datvirTvis minotoringi;
3. saaTobrivi anazRaurebis we-
siT mowveulTa anazRaurebis moni-
toringi;
4. studentTa mobiloba;
5. mkacri aRricxvis dokumentis
(diplomis) momzadeba, gacema, aR-
ricxva.
saswavlo procesis mimdinareo-
bis monitoringi erT-erTi umTavre-
si da urTulesi funqciaa. gasul
saswavlo wlebSi saswavlo procesis
mimdinareobaSi garkveuli xarveze-
bi iyo: adgili hqonda profesor-
maswavlebelTa mxridan mecadineo-
bebis arasapatio mizeziT gacdenas
an mecadineobaze dagvianebis faq-
tebs. saswavlo procesis marTvis
departamenti specialurad Seqmni-
li monitoringis jgufis meSveobiT
sistematur kontrols axorcieleb-
da saswavlo procesis mimdinareoba-
ze. monitoringis jgufis gauqmebis
Semdeg departamenti kvlav agrZe-
lebs saswavlo procesis monito-
rings, Tumca ara ise safuZvlianad,
rogorc gasul wlebSi. vfiqrobT, am
mimarTulebiT Cven bevri gvaqvs sa-
muSao.
departamentis wevrebi aqtiurad
TanamSromloben fakultetebTan da
sagamocdo centrTan saswavlo/sa-
sesio cxrilebis momzadebis, rei-
tinguli werebisa da gamocdebis
mimdinareobis da studentTa rei-
tinguli/semestruli Sefasebebis
analizis procesSi.
gasul saswavlo wlebSi garkveu-
li xarvezebi iyo moklevadiani sa-
ganmanaTleblo programebis kont-
rolis procesSic. mas Semdeg, rac es
funqcia Cvens departaments daekis-
ra, es xarvezebic aRmoifxvra.
departamenti did yuradRebas
uTmobs universitetis studentTa
moZraobas. statistikur monacemebs
yovelTviurad vaaxlebT. axali sas-
wavlo wlidan igegmeba saswavlo
procesis marTvis programis daner-
gva universitetSi, rac bevrad gaai-
olebs kontrols studentTa dina-
mikaze.
saswavlo procesis marTvis de-
partamenti axorcielebs student-
Ta damatebiT specialobebze/arCe-
viT kursebze registracias da amza-
debs universitetis reqtoris brZa-
nebis proeqts. gasul saswavlo
wlebSi registracia mimdinareobda
fakultetebze. ris gamoc xSiri iyo
erTi da igive studentis ramodenime
specialobaze eTdroulad regist-
raciis da Caricxvis SemTxvevebi.
dRes analogiur Secdomebs adgili
ar aqvs. mimdinare saswavlo wels
studentebs gavumartiveT regist-
raciis procesi: saswavlo wlis bo-
los saganmanaTleblo programebis
xelmZRvanelebTan erTad studen-
tebisaTvis movawyveT programebis
prezentacia, Semdeg studentebma
CvenTan, departamentSi, daaregist-
rires sasurveli programebi. stu-
dentebs miveciT saSualeba kidev
erTxel zafxulis ganmavlobaSi ga-
daexedaT sakuTar arCevanze da sur-
vilis SemTxvevaSi SeecvalaT dama-
tebiTi specialoba. ver vityvi, rom
es procesi Zalian martivia. marTa-
lia gaumjobesebulia, magram mainc
rTulia. saswavlo procesis marT-
vis eleqtronuli programa stu-
dents saSulebas miscems saxlidan
gausvlelad daaregistriros sa-
surveli damatebiTi specialoba an
arCeviTi saswavlo kursebi.
saswavlo procesis marTvis de-
partamentis erT-erTi mniSvnelovan
funqcias profesiuli/sabakalav-
ro/samagistro/sadoqtoro saganma-
naTleblo programebis ganxorcie-
lebis monitoringi warmoadgens. aR-
niSnuli programebis safuZvelze
Cveni departamenti fakultetebis
saswavlo departamentebTn erTad
adgens universitetis akademiuri
personalisa da saaTobrivi anazRa-
urebis wesiT mowveulTa individua-
lur datvirTvebs. saswavlo proce-
sis marTvis departamentSi inaxeba
profesor–maswavlebelTa bolo
oTxi saswavlo wlis datvirTvebi.
xSiria universitetis profesor-
maswavlebelTa momarTva maT dat-
virTvebTan dakavSirebiT. Cven arc
erT kiTxvas upasuxod ar vtovebT
da Cveni kompetenciis farglebSi
vuwevT daxmarebas. axla mimdinare-
obs muSaoba 2012–2013 saswavlo
wlis meore semestris datvirTveb-
ze. datvirTvebis Sedgenis Semdeg
mudmivad mimdinareobs dakvirveba
maT Sesrulebaze. am TvalsazrisiT,
departamenti aqtiurad TanamSrom-
lobs saswavlo departamentebTan
mTeli saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi.
departamentSi inaxeba universi-
tetis akademiuri personalisa da
saaTobrivi anazRaurebis wesiT mow-
veulTa sruli sia. kolegebis daxma-
rebiT SevadgineT spe-
cialuri programa,
romelSic asaxulia
TiToeuli pedagogis
datvirTva da saswav-
lo wlis ganmavlobaSi
datvirTvebSi ganxor-
cielebuli cvlilebe-
bi. universitetSi moq-
medi wesis mixedviT
TiToeuli pedagogi
valdebulia warmoad-
ginos anazRaurebis
damadasturebeli ga-
nacxadi. miuxedavad
imisa, rom saswavlo
procesis marTvis departamentSi Se-
mosul ganacxadebs xels awers de-
partamentis xelmZRvaneli da fa-
kultetis dekani, Cven mainc deta-
lurad vamowmebT yvelafers: dat-
virTvas, anazRaurebas da Jurnals.
departamentis funqciebi Tanda-
TanobiT izrdeba. Cven organizebas
vuwevT studentTa mier ganmeorebi-
Ti kursis gavlis process: fakul-
tetebis mier warmodgenili monace-
mebis safuZvelze vamzadebT brZane-
bis proeqts profesor-maswavle-
belTa mowvevis Sesaxeb. semestris
ganmavlobaSi vakvirdebiT kursis
gavlis process, xolo semestris
bolos vaxorcielebT Sesrulebu-
li saaTebis anazRaurebas.
mobiloba Tanamedrove saganma-
naTleblo sistemis monapovaria,
romelic xels uwyobs students gaa-
keTos arCevani sakuTari SesaZleb-
lobebisa da unarebis gaTvaliswine-
biT. es studentis Tavisufali nebis
gamoxatulebaa, rac amaRlebs pasu-
xismgeblobas da swavlis xarisxs.
saswavlo procesis marTvis de-
partamenti weliwadSi orjer orga-
nizebas uwevs studentTa mobilo-
bas. departamenti axorcielebs ro-
gorc gare mobilobis, aseve finasu-
ri davalianebis gamo statusSeCere-
buli da statusSewyvetili stu-
dentebis aRdgenis process. mobi-
lobis procesis uxarvezod warmar-
Tvis mizniT, iuridiul departamen-
tTan erTad, SevimuSaveT bsu-Si mo-
bilobis wesi, sadac detalurad ga-
werilia yvela procedura, rac unda
gaiaros studentma. aRsaniSnavia is
garemoeba, rom universitetSi
mkveTrad imata mobilobis wesiT
gadmosul studentTa raodenobam.
ase mag., 2009–2010 saswavlo wels
universitetSi sxva umaRlesi sagan-
manaTleblo dawesebulebebidan mo-
bilobis wesiT gadmovida 24 studen-
ti, 2010–2011 saswavlo wels – 109,
xolo 2011–2012 saswavlo wels – 273
studenti.
departamentis saqmianobis kidev
erTi mniSvnelovani ubani diplome-
bis gacemaa. wlebis ganmavlobaSi
diplomebis ganyofilebaSi inaxebo-
da didi raodenobiT ararealizebu-
li an dazianebuli, agreTve Sevsebu-
li da gaucemeli diplomis formebi.
aRniSnuli problemis mogvarebis
mizniT, mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi,
sistematurad muSaobs specialuri
sauniversiteto komisia. komisiam
gasuli ori saswavlo wlis ganmav-
lobaSi ganaxorciela diplomebis
aRricxva da kanoniT dadgenili we-
siT uvargisi diplomebis formebis
Camowera amJamad mimdinareobs gasu-
li saswavlo wlis diplomebis gamo-
uyenebeli formebis Camowera da sa-
utilizaciod momzadeba.
departamenti operatiulad
axorcielebs kanoniT dadgenili we-
siT axali diplomis formebis SeTan-
xmeba/damzadebis proceduras. mim-
dinare saswavlo wlis kursdamTav-
rebulTa diplomebis formebi kano-
niT dadgenil vadebSi damzadda da
axla mimdinareobs maTi gacema.
mimdinare saswavlo wlidan dip-
lomebis ganyofileba axorcielebs
sertifikatebis gacemasac.
da bolos, rac yvelaze mniSvne-
lovania: departaments yoveldRiu-
rad sxvadasxva sakiTxze momarTaven
universitetis studentebi. Cven
yvela maTgans vuwevT daxmarebas.
vTvliT, rom Cveni mTavari funqcia
esaa.
saswavlo procesis marTvis de-
partamenti is rgolia, romelic
CarTulia ara mxolod universite-
tis saswavlo procesSi, aramed sau-
niversiteto cxovrebis yvela sfe-
roSi. departamentis TiToeul
wevrs srulad aqvs gacnobierebuli
is mniSvnelovani amocana, romelic
Tanamedrove saganmanaTleblo siv-
rcis srulyofisa da warmatebisaT-
vis aris aucilebeli da rac xels Se-
uwyobs universitetis misiis, akade-
miuri Tavisuflebis, demokratiuli
gardaqmnebis ganxorcielebas.
mmaaddoonnaa mmiiqqeellaaZZee
saswavlo procesis marTvis
departamentis ufrosi
saswavlo procesismarTvis departamenti
8 iiaannvvaarrii
eqvTime TayaiSvili (1863 -1953 w.w.)
iyo didi istorikosi, sazogado moRva-
we da mamuliSvili, saqarTvelos mec-
nierebaTa akademiis akademikosi (1946),
profesori (1918), Tbilisis saxelmwi-
fo universitetis (Tsu) erT-erTi fu-
Zemdebeli. e.TayaiSvilma 1883 wels da-
amTavra quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia,
xolo 1887 wels peterburgis univer-
sitetis istoria-filologiis fakul-
teti berZnul-laTinur enaTa ganxriT.
1887-1894 wlebSi eqvTime TayaiSvi-
li aswavlida Tbilisis qarTul saTa-
vadaznauro skolasa da klasikur gim-
naziaSi (berZnul-laTinur enebs, is-
torias da geografias). 1894-1904
wlebSi igi ganagebda Tbilisis qar-
Tul saTavadaznauro gimnazias. aRsa-
niSnavia, rom quTaisis qarTul saTava-
daznauro gimnaziasTan erTad, es gim-
nazia warmoadgenda qarTuli erovnu-
li ganaTlebis umTavres keras. peter-
burgidan samSobloSi dabrunebisTa-
nave eqvTime TayaiSvili Seudga aqti-
ur samecniero-kvleviT moRvaweobas.
igi gaxldaT wyaroTmcodne da arqeog-
rafi, epigrafikis mkvlevari, arqeo-
logi, qarTuli mwerlobis istoriis
mkvlevari. didi qarTveli mecnieri da
mamuliSvili, profesori mixeil (mixa-
ko) wereTeli ase axasiaTebda TayaiS-
vils: “eqvTime specialobiT arc arqe-
ologi iyo, arc xelovnebaTa mecnieri,
arc istorikosi, arc qarTuli filo-
logiis swavluli. magram igi imave
dros erTic iyo, meorec, mesamec da
meoTxec. sidiade misi sulisa swored
aq aris, - man Tavisi eris samsaxurisT-
vis es mecnierebani TviT Seiswavla.
igi iyo `moxalise”, `moyvaruli”, mag-
ram namdvili batoni saqarTvelos
warsulis kvlevis farTo niadagzed...
igi iyo ganmgrZobi dimitri baqraZis,
Tavisi ufrosi Tanamedrovis T. Jor-
danias da sxvaTa Rvawlisa, romelTac
igive mizani xelmZRvanelobda maTi
uangaro , dauRalavi da xangrZlivi
Sromis dros~ (ix. J. `bedi qarTlisa~,
parizi, #16, 1954, gv. 8).
saqarTvelos samecniero-kultu-
rul cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovani wvli-
li Seitana 1907 wels eqvTime TayaiSvi-
lis TaosnobiT daarsebulma saisto-
rio da saeTnografio sazogadoebam,
romlis mizani saqarTvelos istoriis,
misi xalxis yofa-cxovrebis, xelovne-
bis Zeglebis Seswavla iyo. saistorio
da saeTnografio sazogadoebam farTo
da nayofieri muSaoba gaSala. mravalm-
xrivma samecniero saqmianobam didi
popularoba moutana sazogadoebas.
eqvTime TayaiSvilma daafeZna ori sa-
mecniero seria “Zveli saqarTvelo” da
“saqarTvelos siZveleni”. igi Tavad
iyo am seriebis tomebis Semdgeneli. eq-
vTime TayaiSvilis moRvaweobas maRali
Sefaseba misca ruseTis saimperatoro
arqeologiurma sazogadoebam. naSro-
misaTvis “masalebi kavkasiis arqeolo-
giisaTvis” 1911 wlis 28 marts igi aR-
niSnuli sazogadoebis didi oqros
medliT dajildovda.
didia eqvTime TayaiSvilis Rvawli
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
daarsebaSi. igi ivane javaxiSvilTan
erTad imTaviTve iyo arCeuli “qarTu-
li universitetis sazogadoebis” komi-
siaSi. rogorc cnobilia, universite-
ti 1918 wlis 26 ianvars gaixsna. eqvTime
TayaiSvili gaxldaT universitetis
erT-erTi pirveli profesori. 1918
wlis 21 maiss Tbilisis universitetis
sabWom eqvTime TayaiSvils mianiWa
doqtoris samecniero xarisxi. igi sam
saleqcio kurss uZRveboda. erTi pir-
velkurselTaTvis iyo da moicavda sa-
qarTvelos siZveleTmcodneobis Sesa-
vals. amasTan erTad mecnieri kiTxu-
lobda epigrafikas da saqarTvelos sa-
eklesio istorias. udidesi mniSvnelo-
ba eniWeba eqvTime TayaiSvilis mier aR-
moCenil `vefxistyaosnis~ Zvel xelna-
werebs. man Tavi mouyara 17 xelnawers,
romelTa Soris zogi metad sayu-
radRebo iyo rogorc variantebiT, ise
mxatvrobiT; saerTod ki 24 xelnaweris
Sesaxeb mokriba cnobebi. eqvTime Taya-
iSvilis mier Tavmoyril `vefxistyaos-
nis~ xelnawerTa Soris uZvelesi iyo
1646 wlis, romelic sazogadoebam vin-
me korinTelisagan SeiZina. sazogadoe-
bis SenaZenTa Soris aris agreTve mefe
goirgi XI-saTvis 1680 wels misi mdiv-
nis mier gadawerili `vefxistyaosani~.
es xelnaweri gamoirCeva Tavisi moxa-
tulobiT. eqvTime TayaiSvilis didi
damsaxurebaa gadarCena pelagia we-
reTliseuli `vefxistyaosnisa~, rome-
lic siuJeturi miniaturebiT iyo da-
suraTebuli.
eqvTime TayaiSvilis gulmodgine-
bis Sedegi iyo `xelmwifis karis gari-
gebis~ xelnaweris aRmoCena. es xelna-
weri eqvTimem qarTlSi mogzaurobis
dros gapartaxebul saxlSi ipova. eqv-
Time TayaiSvili mudam cdilobda, rom
yovelive is, rasac aRmoaCenda, ucvle-
lad gamoeca. aseve moiqca aRniSnuli
xelnaweris mimarTac. 1920 wlis maisSi
Tbilisis universitetis gamomcemlo-
bam `xelmwifis karis garigeba~ misi ga-
mokvleviT da winasityvaobiTgamosca.
eqvTime TayaiSvilma samgzis imogzau-
ra saqarTvelos samxreT nawilSi (Tur-
qeTis saqarTveloSi). pirveli eqspedi-
cia moewyo 1902 wels. eqspediciaSi eqv-
Time TayaiSvilTan erTad monawileob-
dnen xuroTmoZRvari simon kldiaSvi-
li da fotografi aleqsandre mamuCa-
iSvili. axalcixisa da axalqalaqis zog
ZeglTan erTad maSin maT gamoikvlies
artaanis olqis Zeglebi da olTisis
olqis nawili. meore eqspedicia 1907
wels moewyo. am mogzaurobis dros eq-
vTime TayaiSvilma inaxula da aRwera
TorTumis xeobis zemo welSi mdebare
eqeqis taZari, am taZris samxreTiT
mdebare sofel soxroTis taZari, oTx-
Ta eklesia, parxlis eklesia da sxva
mniSvnelovani Zeglebi. am arqeologi-
uri eqspediciebis Sedegebis mniSvne-
lovani nawili gamocemul iqna pariz-
Si, 1930-iani wlebis meore naxevarSi.
eqvTime TayaiSvilis politikuri moR-
vawec gaxldaT. 1917 wels igi iyo sa-
qarTvelos erovnul-demokratiuli
partiis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli. 1919-
1921 wlebSi ki igi gaxldaT saqarTve-
los demokratiuli respublikis erov-
nuli parlamentis, - damfuZnebeli
krebis, Tavmjdomaris moadgile.
bolSevikuri ruseTis wiTeli armi-
is mier saqarTvelos okupaciisa da mi-
si faqtobrivi aneqsiis Semdeg 1921
wlis 11 marts eqvTime TayaiSvilma sa-
qarTvelos pirveli respublikis xe-
lisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebTan
erTad datova saqarTvelo. igi TiTq-
mis meoTxedi saukunis manZilze cxov-
robda da moRvaweobda safrangeTSi,
meurveobda ra saqarTvelos erovnul
ganZs, romlis oficialur patronad
menSevikuri mTavroba iTvleboda. gan-
Zi auwereli faseulobisagan Sedgebo-
da. aq iyo Tbilisis muzeumebis Zvirfa-
seuloba: oqro-vercxlis xatebi da
Tval-margalitiT mooWvili sxva sa-
ganZuri, Zvirfasi xelnawerebi, zugdi-
dis dadianiseuli sasaxlis ganZeulo-
ba, gelaTisa da martvilis samonastro
qoneba, Tbilisis sasaxlis ganZeuloba,
borjomis sasaxlis qoneba da sxva mra-
vali.
eqvTime TayaiSvili erTxans pariz-
Si cxovrobda, Semdeg ki gadavida le-
vilis mamulSi. amave dros, igi ganagr-
Zobda nayofier samecniero-kvleviT
moRvaweobas. misi aRiarebis dasturi
iyo is, rom igi jer parizis numizmatTa
sazogadoebis (1922 wlis 4 Tebervali),
xolo Semdeg safrangeTis saazio sazo-
gadoebis (1925) namdvil wevrad airCi-
es. 1937-1939 wlebSi TayaiSvili iyo mis
mierve daarsebuli “qarTuli kultu-
ruli da saarqeologio masalebis ga-
mocemis fondi”-s Tavmjdomare. amas-
Tan, igi gaxldaT samecniero periodu-
li gamocemis “georgica” (londoni) sa-
redaqcio sabWos wevri. niu-iorkisa da
britaneTis muzeumebi cdilobdnen
xelSi CaegdoT saqarTvelos ganZis
Tundac mcire nawili. frangi istori-
kosi mile nivTebis fotografiulad
gadaRebis nebarTvas iTxovda. eqvTime
TayaiSvili Tavs evleboda saqarTve-
los saunjes da kategoriul uars eub-
neboda yvelas, vinc ki ganZTan dakavSi-
rebiT raimes iTxovda. xedavda ra udi-
des interess ganZisadmi, eqvTimes awu-
xebda misi momavali bedi.
eqvTime TayaiSvils didi mcdeloba
dasWirda imisaTvis, rom sasamarTlos
wesiT uareyo graf aleqsandre obo-
lenskis qvrivis, samegrelos ukanask-
neli mTavris nikoloz dadianis asu-
lis, salome obolenskaias saCivari,
romelsac pretenzia hqonda zugdidis
muzeumidan gatanil ganZeulobaze.
marTalia, obolenskaiam ver miiRo uf-
leba dadianebis ganZze, magram igi
aRarc saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda. erTa
ligis mier 1933 wels sabWoTa kavSiris
cnobam metad uaryofiTi gavlena iqo-
nia saqarTvelos emigrantuli mTavro-
bis mdgomareobaze: xsenebul wels ga-
uqmda safrangeTSi saqarTvelos sael-
Co da mis nacvlad Seiqmna “qarTuli
ofisi”. ganZi safrangeTma daisakuTra.
eqvTime TayaiSvili bevrs ecada mieR-
wia safrangeTis mTavrobis usamarTlo
ganaCenis gauqmebisaTvis, magram amaod.
mxolod meore msoflio omis dasru-
lebis Semdeg gaxda SesaZlebeli ganZis
saqarTveloSi dabruneba. jer kidev
1944 wlis noemberSi eqvTime TayaiSvi-
li Sexvda ssrk -s elCs safrangeTSi a.
bogomolovs, romelsac gaacno ganZ-
Tan dakavSirebuli viTareba da Semwe-
oba sTxova, Tanac gadasca vrceli mox-
seneba general de golis saxelze. de
golma gankarguleba gasca saqarTve-
los saunjis dabrunebis Taobaze.
1945 wlis 11 aprils eqvTime TayaiS-
vili TbilisSi dabrunda. Camosvlis
pirveli dReebidanve igi aqtiurad Ta-
namSromlobda mecnierebaTa akademi-
asTan da Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetTan, aqveynebda samecniero naS-
romebs saqarTvelos istoriis sa-
kiTxebze. 1945 wlis 10 maiss arCeul iq-
na Tbilisis universitetis profeso-
rad, 1946 wels ki igi airCies saqarTve-
los mecnierebaTa akademiis akademi-
kosad.
1946 wels eqvTime TayaiSvili saja-
rod wardga Tbilisis universitetis
profesor-maswavlebelTa winaSe mox-
senebiT “evropaSi naxuli qarTuli
Zeglebi da iqve Sekrebili cnobebi
qarTuli Zeglebis Sesaxeb”. metad
mniSvnelovania mis mier 1949 wels sru-
li samecniero aparatis TanxlebiT ga-
mocemuli sumbat daviTis Zis qronika
tao-klarjeTis bagrationTa Sesaxeb.
gardaicvala 1953 wlis 21 Teber-
vals, ukidures gaWirvebaSi. mis dakr-
Zalvas vakis sasaflaoze mxolod or-
mocamde adamiani daeswro... igi gadas-
venebulia sazogado moRvaweTa mTaw-
mindis panTeonSi. qarTulma marTlma-
didebelma samociqulo eklesiam igi
wmindanad Seracxa.
oTar gogoliSvili,
profesori
eqvTime TayaiSvili
wminda eqvTime TayaiSvilis
saxelobis eklesia
9iiaannvvaarrii
Tanamedrove msoflios globalur
problemaTa Soris gansakuTrebuli ad-
gili demografiul problemaze modis.
aRniSnuli problema imdenad rTuli da
mravalwaxnagovania, rom igi exeba sazo-
gadoebis ganviTarebis ara erT mxaresa
da mimarTulebas. Tavis mxriv demogra-
fiul problemebze gavlenas axdens so-
cialuri, ekonomikuri da politikuri
faqtorebi.
demografiuli problemis mTavari
arsi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom msoflioSi
daCqarebuli tempiT mimdinareobs mo-
saxleobis zrda, romelic Sesulia „de-
mografiuli afeTqebis“ fazaSi. msof-
lios mosaxleobis ricxovnoba Cveni
welTa aRricxvis dasawyisSi iyo
150-230 milioni kaci, 2012 wels -
7,06 miliard kacs gadaaWarba. Tu
msoflios mosaxleobis pirvel
gaormagebas dasWirda 500 weli,
bolo gaormagebas mxolod 40 we-
li. amJamad msoflios mosaxleo-
bis zrdis tempi saSualod yo-
velwliurad Seadgens 1,1 % -s,
anu msoflios yovelwliurad
emateba 83-84 milioni kaci. de-
mografebi varaudoben, rom
msoflios mosaxleobis ricxov-
noba 2050 wlisaTvis 9,05 mili-
ards gadaaWarbebs.
vidre msoflios mosaxleoba
7 miliardian zRvars miaRwevda,
eqspertebma da moazrovneebma sazogdo-
ebis zrdis safrTxis Sesaxeb mogvces
gafrTxileba. maTi analitika ki efuZne-
boda sazogadoebrivi zrdis swrafi tem-
pis faqts, sociologiur prognozebs da
statistikuri Sedegebis dedamiwis
SezRudul resursebTan Sedarebas. es
eqspertebi xvdebodnen imas, rom msof-
lio sazogadoebis aCqarebuli zrda
udidesi afeTqebis saxes miiRebda, rac
aramarto cxovrebis dones daknininebs,
aramed dedamiwis ekologiur garemos da
jansaR sicocxlesac udides safrTxes
Seuqmnis. aqedan gamomdinare, demogra-
fiis gasakontrolebeli programebis
Teoriuli da praqtikuli mxardaWeris
mizniT, ufro meti siCqare da simyare Se-
iZina sazogadoebrivma darazmvam.
msoflios „demografiuli bumis“
erT-erTi mTavari niSani isaa, rom mosax-
leobis raodenobis zrdas gaaCnia regi-
onaluri xasiaTi. kerZod, 1950 – 2012
wlebSi evropis mosaxleoba 572 milioni
kacidan, 786 milion kacamde, anu mxo-
lod 1,37 jer gaizarda, roca afrikis
mosaxleoba Sesabamis periodSi 220 mi-
lionidan, 1,05 miliardamde, anu 4,65
jer, xolo aziis mosaxleoba 1,39 mili-
ardidan, 4,26 miliardamde, anu 3,06-jer.
unda aRiniSnos, rom mosaxleobis yo-
velwliuri matebis TiTqmis 75%-ze meti
modis ganviTarebad qveynebze, maT So-
ris marto indoeTs yovelwliurad ema-
teba 18-19 milioni kaci, anu saerTo ma-
tebis 21%-ze meti, roca evropis bevr
qveyanaSi (ruseTSi, ukrainaSi, poloneT-
Si, latviaSi, litviaSi, estoneTSi, mol-
dovaSi da sxva) mosaxleobis ricxovnoba
TandaTanobiT mcirdeba.
msoflios mosaxleobis dinamika
mTlianad dakavSirebulia mosaxleobis
bunebriv matebaze. zogadad mosaxleo-
bis bunebrivi mateba aris Sobadobisa da
sikvdilianobis koefici-
entebs Soris sxvaoba, ro-
melsac angariSoben yo-
vel 1000 kacze da gamosa-
xaven promilebiT. msof-
lioSi 2012 wlisaTvis So-
badoba Seadgenda 19,14
promiles, xolo sikvdi-
lianoba -7,99 promiles,
Sesabamisad, bunebrivi
mateba 11,15 promilea,
anu msoflios yovel 1000
kacze bunebrivi mateba
Seadgens 11,15 kacs. msof-
lios masStabiT yovel
erT wamSi ibadeba 4,6, xolo kvdeba 2,5
adamiani.
bunebriv matebaze bevri faqtori ax-
dens gavlenas, maT Soris umTavresia
sqesobriv-asakobrivi struqtura, cxov-
rebis done, urbanizaciis done, religi-
uri kuTvnileba da sxva. aqedan gamomdi-
nare, qveynebi bunebrivi matebis mixed-
viT erTmaneTisagan sakmaod gansxvavde-
bian. Sesabamisad ganasxvaveben mosaxle-
obis bunebrivi matebis, anu aRwarmoebis
sam tips: gafarToebul, martivsa da
SezRuduls. gafarToebuli aRwarmoe-
bis tipi damaxasiaTebelia afrikis da
aziis qveynebisaTvis. maT Soris yvelaze
maRalia ugandaSi - 34,2, malSi - 32,7, ni-
geriaSi - 25,8, avRaneTSi- 24,8 da sxva
qveynebSi. bunebrivi matebis SezRuduli
tipi damaxasiaTebelia ZiriTadad evro-
pis qveynebisaTvis, sadac saSualod 1-2
promilea, xolo calkeul qveyanaSi (
germaniaSi, SveicariaSi, avstriaSi, ru-
seTSi, italiaSi, baltiis qveynebSi) da-
maxasiaTebelia „depopulacia“, anu uf-
ro meti kvdeba, vidre ibadeba. saqarTve-
loSi bunebrivi mateba 2011 wlisaTvis
iyo 1,8 promile.
demografiuli problemebis erT-er-
Ti mniSvnelovani meqanizmia mosaxleo-
bis sqesobriv-asakobrivi struqtura da
misi regionaluri Taviseburebani.
msoflioSi mamakacebis raodenoba 50,3
%-ia, xolo qalebis 49,7 %. Sesabamisad
mamakacebi 43 milioniT aRemateba qale-
bis raodenobas. sqesobriv- asakobrivi
struqtura Sesabamisad dakavSirebulia
bunebrivi matebis maCveneblebTan. rac
ufro maRalia bunebrivi mateba, Sesaba-
misad metia mamakacebisa da axalgazrde-
bis xvedriTi wili. saSualod yovel 100
axalSobilze 56-57 biWi modis. swored am
faqtoris Sedegad qveynebi gansxvavde-
bian mosaxleobis sqesobrivi struqtu-
ris mixedviT. mamakacebis xvedriTi wili
aziisa da afrikis calkeul qveyanaSi (av-
RaneTSi, pakistanSi, bangladeSSi, indo-
eTSi, nigeriaSi, malSi da sxva) aRemateba
52-53 %-s, roca evropis bevr qveyanaSi
47 %-mdea.
kidev ufro sainteresoa msoflios
mosaxleobis asakobrivi jgufebis regi-
onaluri ganawilebis Taviseburebani. 0-
14 asakobriv jgufze modis mTeli mosax-
leobis 26,3 %, 15-64 wlis jgufze - 65,8
%, xolo 65 wlis da meti asakis mosaxle-
obaze 7,9 %. 0-14 asakobrivi jgufis mo-
saxleobis maRali xvedriTi wili modis
afrikaze 42,8 % (malSi 47,8 %, ugandaSi
47,1 %), roca evropaSi es maCvenebeli -
14,5 %-ia. Sesabamisad, 65 welze meti asa-
kis mosaxleobis maRali maCvenebeli ev-
ropaSia 17,6 %, roca afrikaSi - 6,1 %-
ia(ugandaSi 2,1 %, malSi 3%, nigeriaSi
3%. evropaSi aSkarad SeiniSneba mosax-
leobis „daberebis“ tendenciebi. saqar-
TveloSi 0 -14 wlis asakobriv jgufze
modis mTeli mosaxleobis 15,5%, 15-64
wlisaze- 68,4, xolo 65 da meti wlis asak-
ze - 16,1%.
msoflios mosaxleobis asakobrivi
struqturis regionaluri sxvaoba uwi-
naresad bunebriv matebazea damokidebu-
li, magram masze aseve gavlenas axdens
sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivoba.
msoflioSi mosaxleobis sicocxlis sa-
Sualo xangrZlivoba 67,1 welia. es maCve-
nebeli Crdilo amerikaSi 77,8 welia, ev-
ropaSi -74,1, xolo afrikaSi- 50,7 (afri-
kis calkeuli tomis - pigmeebis, buSmene-
bis, hotentotebis sicocxlis saSualo
xangrZlioba ar aRemateba 45-47 wels).
qveynebs Soris sicocxlis saSualo xang-
rZlioba yvelaze maRalia iaponiaSi 83,9
weli(mamakacebSi -80,5, qalebSi-87,4. sa-
qarTveloSi 67,8 welia.
interesi mosaxleobis Seswavlis mi-
marT arsebobda Soreul warsulSi. jer
kidev antikuri xanis mogzau-
ri-geografebis naSromebSi
centraluri adgili ekava
qveyniis, an romelime terito-
riis mosaxleobis daxasiaTe-
bas. mosaxleobis Seswavla
xdeboda rogorc qorologiu-
ri(mosaxleobis teritoriu-
li ganawilebis), ise qronolo-
giuri(mosaxleobis droSi gan-
viTarebis) mimarTulebiT.
Zvel periodSi mosaxleobis
Seswavlis saqmeSi ZiriTadi aq-
centebi keTdeboda statisti-
kasa da dinamikaSi. sazogadoe-
bis ganviTarebasTan erTad
TandaTanobiT farTovdeboda
mosaxleobis geografiis Ses-
wavlis interesi da Sesabamisad iqmnebo-
da sxvadasxva Teoria da skolebi. kapi-
talizmis Casaxvis epoqaSi warmoebisa da
moxmarebis balansTa sxvaobam daafiqsi-
ra mosaxleobis daCqarebuli zrdis ten-
denciebi, romelsac mohyva calkeuli
garTulebebi. swored am problemis mog-
varebas me-18 saukunis bolos, ingli-
selma ekonomistma da mRvdelma Tomas
malTusma miuZRvna Teoria, romlis mi-
xedviTac msoflioSi mosaxleobis rao-
denoba ufro swrafad izrdeba, vidre
misi saarsebo saSualebebi. malTusi
Tvlida, rom Tu mosaxleobis zrdis ma-
Rali tempi SenarCundeboda, maSin msof-
lios aucileblad moeloda sayovelTao
SimSili. aqedan gamomdinare, is dadebi-
Tad aRiqvamda mosaxleobis raodenobis
Semcirebas, romelsac iwvevda omebi,
epidemiebi, mousavlianoba da sxva. mal-
Tusis reaqciul Teorias mimdevrebi me-
20 saukuneSic hyavda. germaneli mRvde-
li amtkicebda, rom atomuri bombi me-
tad sasargebloa, radgan mas SeuZlia am
qveynidan, im qveyanaSi erTdroulad mi-
lionobiT xalxi miiyvanoso.
me-19 saukunis bolos germanelma ge-
ografma fridrix ratcelma daarsa anT-
ropogeografiis skola. ratcelis mi-
xedviT adamianebis cxovrebis umniSvne-
lovanesi aspeqtebi - Sroma, qorwineba,
gadaadgileba da sxva mniSvnelovnad
aris damokidebuli klimatur-geogra-
fiul garemoze. amasTan, meore mniSvne-
lovan faqtorad miiCnevda kulturas da
Tvlida, rom iq sadac ufro maRalia sa-
zogadoebrivi warmoebis kultura, miT
ufro izrdeba mosaxleobis raodenoba
da simWidrove.
me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi anTropo-
geografiis sawinaaRmdegod Camoyalib-
da „adamianis geografiis” franguli
skola, romelsac vidal de la blaSi
xelmZRvanelobda. am skolis warmomad-
genlebi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aq-
cevdnen adamianisa da bunebis urTierT-
kavSirs, magram ugulebelyofdnen mo-
saxleobas, rogorc erTian sazogadoeb-
riv organizms.
yvela zemoT dasaxelebuli Teoriebi
da skolebi met- naklebad mimarTuli
iyo mosaxleobis dinamikis regulirebi-
sa da maTi teritoriuli organizaciis
Sesaxeb, magram maTi Sexedulebebi ufro
reaqciul da pragmatiul xasiaTs ata-
rebda.
mosaxleobis zrda erTgvar msoflio
safrTxed miCneuli gaxda da am sakiTxi-
sadmi sazogadoebrivi azris yuradRe-
bis misaqcevad 1989 wels 11 ivlisi
msoflios mosaxleobis dRed gamocxad-
da. amis Semdeg uamravi saxelmwifo dae-
Tanxma imas, raTa mosaxleobis gakont-
rolebis mizniT, sakuTar socialur
programebSi gaiTvaliswinon ekologi-
ur garemosTan, saarsebo resursebTan,
ekonomikur–socialur-kulturul-
ekologiur ganviTarebis faqtorebTan
mosaxleobis koordinirebis miRwevis
tendencia.
Tanamedrove periodSi msoflios
bevr qveyanaSi, erTis mxriv” demografi-
ulma afeTqebam”, xolo meores mxriv
„demografiulma krizisma” am qveynebs
garkveuli socialur-ekonomikuri da
eTnodemografiuli problemebi Seuqm-
na. am problemebis gadaWris erT-erT sa-
Sualebas „demografiuli politikis”
SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba warmoad-
gens. „demografiuli politikis” warmo-
adgens RonisZiebaTa sistemas, romlis
mizania mosaxleobis aRwarmoebis pro-
cesebze zemoqmedebis meSveobiT xeli
Seewyos mosaxleobis raodenobis gazr-
das, an Semcirebas.
demografiuli politikis koordini-
reba Tavis Tavze aiRo gaerTianebuli
erebis organizaciam. 1967 wels gaeros
inciativiT Seiqmna mosaxleobis fondi
(UNFPA), romelic daxmarebas uwevs upi-
ratesad ganviTarebadi qveynebis mTav-
robebs Sobadobaze kontrolis ganxor-
cielebis saqmeSi. demografiuli situa-
ciis specifikidan gamomdinare demog-
rafiuli politika, rogorc wesi, mimar-
Tulia Sobadobis Semcirebis an gazrdi-
saken. pirvel SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs
ganviTarebad qveynebTan, xolo meore
SemTxvevaSi - ganviTarebulTan.
demografiulma politikam unda uz-
runvelyos msoflos demografiuli
problemebis mogvareba, winaaRmdeg Sem-
TxvevaSi msoflio armoCndeba seriozu-
li problemebis winaSe.
merab futkaraZe
geografiis departamentis
asocirebuli profesori
msoflios mosaxleobis zrda _ perspeqtiva Tu problema?
10 iiaannvvaarrii
mecnierul dargebs Soris geografias wamyvani adgili
uWiravs bunebrivi kompleqsebis (landSaftebis) bunebaT-
sargeblobis, gardaqmnis da garemos dacvis saqmeSi. bune-
baTsargeblobis procesSi metad didi mniSvneloba aqvs
mocemuli regionis geografiul mdebareobas, reliefur
da klimatur Taviseburebebs da sxva faqtorebs.
aWara Sedis saqarTvelos samxreT mTianeTis Semadgen-
lobaSi. igi gamoirCeva gansxvavebuli bunebrivi pirobebi-
Ta da bunebrivi landSaftebis mravalferovnebiT, rac
gamowveulia geografiuli mdebareobiT, geologiuri
warsuliT, zedapiris reliefis formebiT, klimaturi pi-
robebiT, Savi zRvis gavleniT da sxva faqtorebiT.
aWara mTiani qveyanaa, sadac gorak-borcvebs, winam-
Tebs da mTebs 90%-ze meti uWiravs. dablobi sami nawilis
(kaxabris, qobuleTis da Caqvis dablobebis) saxiT gavrce-
lebulia zRvis sanapiros gaswvriv. mudmiv dasaxlebas da
miwaTmoqmedebas uWiravs mTeli teritoriis 30%-mde. ama-
ve dros aWara saqarTvelos sxva regionebTan SedarebiT
yvelaze mWidrodaa dasaxlebuli, saSualod 124 kaci 1
kv.km-ze, xolo zogierT dasaxlebul ubanSi (zRvispira
zona) 500-800 kaci 1 kv.km-ze.
bunebriv kompleqsebze mZlavrma anTropogenurma
datvirTvam isedac rTul reliefur da klimatur piro-
bebSi gamoiwvia geoekologiuri wonasworobis darRveva.
amis gamo bolo periodSi gaaqtiurda mewyerebi, Tovlzva-
vebi, Rvarcofebi, niadagis erozia da sxva. aRniSnul pro-
cesebs adgili aqvs rogorc zRvispira, aseve Siga mTiani
aWaris pirobebSi. aWaraSi sul daimewyra 177 sofeli da
mewyersaSiS zonaSia 51 sofeli. aseve qobuleTisa da xel-
vaCauris raionebSi ramdenime ojaxma Seicvala sacxovre-
beli adgili. zogjer ferdobze adgili aqvs niadagis Caq-
cevas (qobuleTis raioni, sofeli Caisubani), ris gamoc ka-
pitaluri saxli iSleba.
zemoT aRniSnulidan gamomdinare dRiTidRe izrdeba
landSaftebis diferenciaviisa da bunebaTsargeblobis
sakiTxebis codnis aucilebloba.(2)
aWara, romelic xasiaTdeba Taviseburi bunebrivi pi-
robebiTa da mdidari resursebiT, fizikur-geografiuli
TvalsazrisiT metad saintereso regionia. SedarebiT
mcire farTobis mqone teritoriaze (2900 kv.km), bunebis
iSviaT nairferovnebasTan gvaqvs saqme, zRvis sanapirodan
dawyebuli kolxuri polidominanturi notio subtropi-
kuli mcenareulobiT dawyebuli maRali mTebis mimarTu-
lebiT subalpuri da alpuri mdeloebiT damTavrebuli.
landSaftis komponentebi (reliefi qani, dedamiwis
zedapiruli atmosferuli fena, wyali, niadagi, mcenareu-
lobisa da cxovelTa samyaro) erTmaneTTan mWidrodaa da-
kavSirebuli da erTimeoreze axdenen gavlenas, yvelgan
bunebrivi komponentebi ama Tu im xarisxiT ganicdis anT-
ropogenuri saqmianobis gavlenas.
aWaris zRvispira aWaraSi dablobebi da gorak-borcve-
bi, xolo SidamTian aWaraSi qvaburi da mTis ferdobebi
yvelaze metad ganicdis anTropogenur transformacias
da misi analogi ar gvxvdeba ara marto saqarTveloSi, ara-
med amierkavkasiaSi. landSaftis Zlieri anTropogeniza-
cia ganapiroba niadaguri da klimaturi komponentebis sa-
fuZvelze ekonomikurad mniSvnelovanma soflis meurneo-
bis ganviTarebam, rac ganapiroba Warbma dasaxlebam da ag-
raruli landSaftebis formirebam.
zRvis sanapiro dablobi aRmosavleTiT gadadis go-
rak-borcvebSi da moicavs 30-40-250-300 metr hifsometri-
ul simaRles. isini uSualod dablobs emijnebian. gorak-
borcvebi mdinareebis Woroxis, barcxanis, yoroliswya-
lis, abanoswyalis, Caqviswyalis, aWyviswyalis, kintriSis-
wyalis, kintriSis, aWyvisTaviswylis da Coloqis Senakade-
bis mier Zlier danawevrebuli da erozirebulia.
aWaris gorak-borcvebiani zoli iwyeba sarfidan da
vrceldeba oCxamursa da cecxlauramde, leRvasa da qaqu-
Tis CaTvliT. gorak-borcvebi ufro met siganes aRwevs
oCxamur-qaquTis siganeze. gorak-borcvebis zona yvelaze
mWidrodaa dasaxlebuli. am zonaSi erT sulze modis
400kv. metri sasoflo-sameurneo savargulo sakarmidamo
da sazogadoebrivi nakveTis CaTvliT. amis msgavsi ar aris
ara marto saqarTveloSi, aramed amierkavkasiaSi. gorak-
borcvebma subtropikuli kulturebisaTvis saukeTeso
niadagur-klimaturi pirobebis gamo Zlier ganicada anT-
ropogenuri faqtoris zegavlena. jer kidev mimdinare sa-
ukunis dasawyisSi salibaurSi, zeda kapreSumSi, feriaSi,
maxinjaurSi, mwvane koncxze, CaqvSi da cixisZirSi sakmaod
didi farTobebi ekava Cais, citrusebis, bambukis, tungis
da sxva kulturebis plantaciebs. maTi gaSeneba intensiu-
rad warimarTa XX saukunis 30-ian wlebSi e.w. koleqtiviza-
ciis periodSi. am droisaTvis gorak-borcvian zolSi
mTlianad amoiZirkva kolxeTis tipis tye, Catarda niada-
gis 45sm siRrmeze damuSaveba da gaSenda Cais plantaciebi.
citrusebisa da tungisaTvis Catarda ferdobebis date-
raseba da gaSenebis win terasebic damuSavda 45 siRrmeze.
yovelive aseTma moqmedebam Taviseburi gavlena miaxdina
mikroklimatze, mcenareTa safarze, niadagis Tvisebebze,
cxovelebze da landSaftis sxva komponentebze.
gorak-borcvebi aRmosavleTiT gadadis mTiswineTSi,
dabal, saSualo da maRal mTebSi. maT geomorfologiur
safuZvels warmoadgens mesxeTis anu aWara-imereTis qedi
da misi gantotebani.
mTiswinebi moicavs 250-300 da 550-600 metr simaRles.
winamTebi gorak-borcvebis maxloblad aTvisebuli da da-
saxlebulia. sasoflo sameurneo savarguli ZiriTadad
vrceldeba 350 metramde, xolo zogierT soflebSi zeda
dagva, yorolisTavi, zeda axalSeni, erge, simoneTi da sxva
vrceldeba 400-430 metramde. darCenili teritoriebi
uWiravs buCqnarebsa da tyebuCqnarebs. winamTebi mdinare-
ebiT, maTi SenakadebiT da nakadulebiT Zlier danawevre-
bulia da uxvi atmosferuli naleqebiT ganicdis eroziul
procesebs. mosaxleobam aiTvisa mTiswinebis erTwliani
da mravalwliani kulturebiT, yovelive aman ki gaaqtiura
eroziuli procesebi.
gorak-borcviani zolidan maRali mTebisaken kargadaa
gamoxatuli vertikaluri zonaloba. mTa-tyis landSaf-
tebi vrceldeba 2000-2100 metramde. Semdeg 2400-2500 met-
ramdea subalpuri zona da 2400-2500 metrs zeviT gansa-
kuTrebiT mwvervalebi dafarulia alpuri mdeloebiT.
aqac subalpuri tyeebis gaCexvisa da alpur sartyelSi pi-
rutyvis gadaWarbebuli Zovebis Sedegad daiwyo eroziu-
li procesebi, mTis ferdobebis daxramva, rasac Semdgom
axlavs Seuqcevadi geomorfologiuri procesebi, bune-
bis stiqiuri movlenebis ganviTareba, riTac erT-erT ur-
Tules regions warmoadgens saqarTvelos ekosistemaSi.
daimewyra sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi (560 ha),
daingra 1200-ze meti sacxovrebeli saxli, saSiS zonaSia
moqceuli 8000-mde sacxovrebeli saxli, daingra 160-mde
sxvadasxva saxis xidi, mwyobridan gamovida 340 km. centra-
luri da adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebi. saSiSi geolo-
giuri procesebis ganviTarebis zonaSi imyofeba aWaris
teritoriis 30%. anTropogenuri datvirTva aWaris ma-
RalmTianeTSi 3,2-jer aWarbebs dasaSvebs.
aranaklebi ekologiuri problemebis winaSe dgas Savi
zRvis sanapiro landSaftebi, gansakuTrebiT ki qalaqi ba-
Tumi da misi Semogareni. manqanebis sawvavis gamonabolqvi,
niavis dabervisas warmoqmnili mtvris korianteli, fera-
di „parkebiT” „morTuli” xeebi, mouwesrigebeli sadarba-
zoebis bunkerebki da a.S. – yvelaferi es Cveni qalaqi.
hainrih biolis samxreT kavkasiis regionuli biuros
mxardaWeriT organizebuli 2011 wlis 4 noembris baTumis
sajaro diskusia Seecada gaerkvia Tu ra mdgomareobaa am
mxriv aWaris regionSi, kerZod qalaq baTumSi, qalaqSi sa-
dac turizmis ganviTrebis mxardasaWerad ganxorciele-
buli Tu mimdinare samSeneblo proeqtebis Sedegad ga-
datvirTuli zRvis sanapiro zoli Tu Savi zRvis wylis si-
sufTave warmoadgenen eqspertebis azriT ekologiuri
problemebis im mcire CamonaTvals, romlis daZlevac Cven
axlo momamvalSi aucileblad mouwevs.
qalaqis dRevandeli ekologiuri mdgomareobidan ga-
momdinare baTumis zRvispira zolis ekologiuri mdgoma-
reoba sakmaod rTulia. bunebrivia, baTumis zRvis sanapi-
ro – saporto akvatoriiT, Zveli da axali bulvariT –
datvirTuli sastumroebiT da parkebiT, warmoadgens qa-
laqis erT-erT gansakuTrebul da umniSvnelovanes na-
wils. dReisaTvis, saxelmwifosa Tu sxvadasxva kerZo in-
vestorebis mxridan turizmis ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro
infrastruqturis Seqmna erTi mxriv xels uwyobs baTumSi
turistebis nakadis zrdas, Tumca meores mxriv baTumis
zRvis sanapiro zonis mimdebare teritoriebis maqsimalu-
rad aTviseba (sastumroebi da sxvadasxva saxis gasarTobi
parkebi) sagrZnoblad amZimebs baTumis zRvispira zolis
ekologiur mdgomareobas. zRvis sanapiro zonaSi kapita-
luri nagebobebis masobrivi mSenebloba dauSvebelia da
sxvadasxva saxis gasarTobi da savaWro obieqtebi unda
mdebareobdes zRvis sanapiro zonis miRma, plaJze SeiZle-
ba mxolod sezonuri asawyob – dasaSleli msubuqi konst-
ruqciis nagebobebis Seqmna. dRes aramarto baTumis bul-
varis gaswvriv, aramed sarfidan anakliamde, zRvis sanapi-
ro zonaSi, plaJze gaCnda kapitaluri nagebobebi, rac yov-
lad dauSvebelia. Zlieri Relvisas msgavsi nagebobebi Se-
iZleba daziandes, an saerTodac daingres, riTac iqmneba
ekologiurad dabinZurebuli plaJi.
goniosa d kvariaTis zRvispira zolSi mindinare masi-
uri mSenebloba dauSveblebia. mimdinare mSeneblobebi
ara marto xels uSlis regionis mdgrad ekologiur gan-
viTrebas aramed es aseve anadgurebs regionis landSaf-
Tur mimzivelobas – ris Sedegic savsebiT SesaZlebelia
iyos turistebis nakadis kleba.
baTumis administraciuli sazvrebis gafarToebis geg-
mebis SemuSavebisas aucilebelia regionis landSaftis
ekologiuri mdgomareobis maqsimaluri SenarCuneba. aq
upirveles yovlisa, mniSvnelovania zRvispira sanapiro
zolis teritoriaze mSeneblobebis dagegmvisas ekologi-
uri sakiTxebis maqsimalur gaTvaliswinebaze.
aRsaniSnavia aseve sazogadoebis mcire dainteresebaze
ekologiuri sakiTxebiT, rac sakmaod did problemas war-
moadgens. am mxriv mniSvnelovania regionis axalgazrdeb-
Si ekologiuri TviTSegnebis amaRleba, rac upirobod ga-
moiwvevs sazogadoebis gaaqtiurebas da rac axlo moma-
valSi aiZulebs saxelmwifos gaiTvaliswinos regionis wi-
naSe mdgari ekologiuri problemebis mogvarebis auci-
lebloba.
aucilebelia aWaris teritoriaze saSiSi geologiuri
procesebis ganviTarebis zonebSi droulad Catardes kom-
pleqsuri, sainJinro-geologiuri, geoekologiuri da
hidromelioraciuli kvleviTi samuSaoebi, winaaRmdeg
SemTxvevaSi momavalSi es procesebi gamoiwveven garemos
geoekologiuri balansis Seuqcevad gauaresebas da dRe-
vandeli lokaluri geodinamikuri procesebi miiReben re-
gionuli gavrcelebis xasiaTs, rasac mohyveba aWaris te-
ritoriaze ekosistemebis mTliani moSla, ris Sedegad ma-
Ti racionaluri da mizanmimarTuli marTvis procesi sa-
xalxo, sasoflo-sameurneo da sxva miznebisaTvis umarTa-
vi gaxdeba.
nnaazziibbrroollaa ffaaRRaavvaa,
SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitetis
asistent-profesori
aWaris landSaftebis ekologiuri mdgomareoba
sur.1 kavkasiis landSafturi ruka
sur. 2. aWaris maRalmTianeTSi mimdinare geomor-
fologiuri procesebi (erozirebuli ferdobebi) ga-
mowveuli tyeebis kafviT.
sur.3. baTumis nagavsayreli md. Woroxis Se-
sarTavTan.
sur. 4. sof. adliis sanapiroebi axali bulva-
ris gaSenebamde.
11iiaannvvaarrii
xangrZlivi da mZime avadmyofo-
bis Semdeg gardaicvala baTumis So-
Ta rusTavelis saxelmwifo univer-
sitetis yofili reqtori, filolo-
giis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profe-
sori nuri verZaZe. profesorma nu-
ri verZaZem mniSvnelovani wvlili
Seitana umaRlesi skolisa da qar-
Tuli mecnierebis ganviTarebaSi.
Rvawlmosili mecnieri daibada 1942
wlis 5 marts xelvaCauris raionis
sofel xelvaCaurSi. saSualo sko-
lis oqros medalze damTavrebis
Semdeg (1958) erTxans imuSava aWaris
wyalTa meurneobis sammarTveloSi.
1959 wels Cairicxa saqarTvelos po-
liteqnikur institutSi, magram in-
Jinris profesia mis mowodebad ar
CaTvala da 1960 wels Sevida iv. java-
xiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis sa-
xelmwifo universitetSi filolo-
giis fakultetze qarTuli enisa da
literaturis specialobiT.
meore kursidan gacvliTi prog-
ramiT miavlines kievis universi-
tetSi ukrainuli enisa da litera-
turis Sesaswavlad. universitetis
warCinebiT damTavrebis Semdeg, 1967
wels Cairicxa kievis universitetis
aspiranturaSi. waruSleli kvali
datova Tbilisis universitetSi ga-
tarebulma wlebma axalgazrda spe-
cialistisa da mkvlevris cnobiere-
baze. igi sicocxlis bolomde darCa
Tbilisis universitetis tradicie-
bis erTguli. rogorc mecnieri da
maswavlebeli misTvis misabaZi iyo
akad. varlam Tofuria, prof. iv. qav-
TaraZe, prof. iv. gigineiSvili...
eamayeboda, rom iyo am universite-
tis aRzrdili.
1973 wels nuri verZaZem daicva
sakandidato disertacia.
1972 wlidan n. verZaZe muSaobas
iwyebs baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-
xelobis saxelmwifo pedagogiur ins-
titutSi, sadac sxvadasxva dros iyo:
_ qarTuli enisa da literatu-
ris kaTedris ufrosi maswavlebeli
(1971-1975 ww).
_ proreqtori ideur-aRmzrde-
lobiTi muSaobis dargSi (1975-1981
ww).
_ proreqtori saRamosa da da-
uswrebeli muSaobis dargSi (1981-
1986 ww).
_ proreqtori saswavlo dargSi
(1986-1996 ww).
_ zogadi filologiis kaTedris
gamge (1991-1996).
_ reqtori (1996-2004 ww).
_ 1995 wels daicva sadoqtoro
disertacia, 1996 wels mieniWa pro-
fesoris wodeba.
farToa n. verZaZis samecniero
interesebi: qarTul-rusul-ukrai-
nuli literaturuli urTierTobe-
bi, Targmanis Teoria, zogadi enaT-
mecniereba, saqarTvelos uaxlesi
istoriis problemebi. gamoqveyne-
buli aqvs 50-ze meti samecniero
Sroma, maT Soris _ 6 wigni.
wlebis ganmavlobaSi n. verZaZe
kiTxulobda `zogadi enaTmecniere-
bis~, `enaTmecnierebis Sesavlis~,
`qarTuli enis stilistikis~, `axali
qarTuli enis~ kursebs. misi leqcie-
bi gamoirCeoda akademiurobiT, Ta-
vad leqtori ki iyo momTxovni da
axalgazrdobis moyvaruli. misi re-
komendaciiTa da xelmZRvanelobiT
mecnierebaSi gaikvlia gza araerTma
axalgazrdam, romlebic, dRes ukve
profesorebi da warmatebuli mkv-
levrebi, moRvaweoben baTumis uni-
versitetsa da sxva samecniero da
saswavlo dawesebulebebSi.
1996-2001 wlebSi n. verZaZe airCi-
es aWaris uzenaesi sabWod deputa-
tad, iyo uzenaesi sabWos prezidiu-
mis wevri. 2001 wels airCies aWaris
ar parlamentis deputatad, 1997
wlidan muSaobda aWaris avtonomiu-
ri respublikis saxalxo krebis Tav-
mjdomaris pirvel moadgiled, 1998
wlidan iyo aWaris umaRlesi saswav-
leblebis reqtorTa sabWos Tavmj-
domare; 2001 wels airCies evropis
sabWos regionuli da adgilobrivi
xelisuflebis TviTmmarTvelobis
kongresis wevrad.
misi iniciativiTa da ZalisxmeviT
baTumis universitetSi Camoyalibda
`memed abaSiZis saxelobis samecnie-
ro-kvleviTi centri~, romelsac
xelmZRvanelobda 2000-2004 wlebSi.
,,centris’’ samecniero priorite-
tad gamoikveTa istoriuli samxreT
saqarTvelos (,,Woroxis qveynebis’’)
problemebis kvleva. misi ideali
iyo uaxloesi istoriidan ilia Wav-
WavaZe da memed abaSiZe. Tavis nawe-
rebSi gansakuTrebiT cdilobda ma-
Ti Rvawlis warmoCenas aWarisa da
sruliad saqarTvelos winaSe.
1991 wels baTumis SoTa rusTave-
lis saxelobis saxelmwifo pedago-
giuri institutis bazaze Camoya-
libda baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-
xelobis saxelmwifo universiteti,
romlis struqturuli formirebis
saqmeSi didia n. verZaZis wvlili. igi
ar iSurebda Zalasa da energias uni-
versitetis Semdgomi srulyofi-
saTvis.
n. verZaZis moRvaweobaSi calke
unda aRiniSnos TanamoazreebTan
erTad ,,baTumis damoukidebeli
universitetis’’ Camoyalibeba. igi
1991-1996 wlebSi, daarsebidan re-
organizaciamde, damoukidebel uni-
versitetsac xelmZRvanelobda. mis
muSaobaSi Caaba baTumis saxelmwifo
universitetis profesor-maswav-
leblebi, moiwvia axalgazrda speci-
alistebi, safuZveli Cauyara baTum-
Si axal specialobebs...
n. verZaZis, rogorc ganaTlebisa
da mecnierebis organizatoris niWi
gansakuTrebiT gamovlinda univer-
sitetis reqtorad moRvaweobis pe-
riodSi: Seiqmna axali kaTedrebi da
fakultetebi, baTumSi safuZveli
Caeyara samarTalmcodneobis, eko-
nomikis, samedicino, Turquli fi-
lologiis, Jurnalistikis fakul-
tetebsa da specialobebs, Seivso da
gamdidrda universitetis samecnie-
ro biblioTekis wignadi fondi, Se-
iqmna universitetis gamomcemloba,
Camoyalibda stamba, misi didi Za-
lisxmeviT SekeTda (faqtiurad xe-
laxla aSenda) universitetis zRvis-
pira (pirveli) korpusi, ganaxlda
maRlivi korpusi, aSenda axali bib-
lioTeka da samkiTxvelo darbazi,
universitetis kabinetebi da audi-
toriebi aRiWurva axali inventa-
riT... yovelive aman didi dro da
energia waiRo. bednieri iyo, roca
xedavda ganaxlebul da ricxobri-
vad da Tvisobrivad gazrdil uni-
versitets. gansakuTrebul yu-
radRebas aqcevda maRalmTiani aWa-
risa da guriis soflebisaTvis peda-
gogiuri kadrebis momzadebas. misi
reqtorobis periodSi universitet-
Si funqcionirebda specialuri
jgufebi am regionis axalgazrdebi-
saTvis.
misi universitetis proreqto-
rad da gansakuTrebiT reqtorad
muSaobis periodSi didi yuradReba
eqceoda erovnuli disciplinebis
swavlebas. misi uSualo iniciativiT
universitetSi moqmed yvela saswav-
lo gegmaSi Setanil iqna ,,qarTuli
enis praqtikuli kursi“, ,,qarTuli
literaturis istoriis zogadi
kursi’’ da ,,saqarTvelos istoria’’.
nuri verZaZe iyo saqarTvelos
pedagogiur mecnierebaTa akademiis
akademikosi, sxva araerTi dargob-
rivi akademiis wevri.
igi iyo kargi megobari, universi-
tetis TiToeuli TanamSromeli sa-
kuTari ojaxis wevrad miaCnda, fiq-
robda da zrunavda maTze, axarebda
yvelas winsvla...
moRvaweobis wlebSi iyo warmate-
bebi da sixaruli, iyo gulistkivi-
lic, magram batoni nuri yovelTvis
poulobda sakuTar TavSi Zalas da
rCeboda universitetisa da sauni-
versiteto saqmis erTgulad. si-
cocxlis bolomde masTan yoveli
Sexvedra da saubari sruldeboda
universitetis problemebze msje-
lobiT, ,,mouareT universitetso“,
_ gvarigebda dRemudam...
igi dajildoebuli iyo Rirsebis
ordeniT.
nuri verZaZis, rogorc umaRlesi
skolis organizatorisa da moRva-
wis saxeli kuTvnil adgils daiWers
universitetisa da saqarTvelos ga-
naTlebis istoriaSi.
bbaaTTuummiiss
SSooTTaa rruussTTaavveelliiss
ssaaxxeellmmwwiiffoo uunniivveerrssiitteettii
g a n c x a d e b a
socialur mecnierebaTa, biznesisa da
samarTalmcodneobis fakultetis sa-
marTalmcodneobis specialobis I kur-
sis studentebma wmida ekaterines saxe-
lobis savanis mcxovrebTa mxardamWeri
saqvelmoqmedo koncerti „Cvenc davber-
debiT“ Caatares. koncertSi axalgazr-
debTan erTad savanis ansambli „saTnoe-
ba“ monawileobda, studentebma da miu-
safrma moxucebma sagaloblebi, xalxuri
da cnobili qarTuli simRerebi Seasru-
les. saRamoze aseve warmodgenili iyo
TavSesafaris cxovrebis
amsaxveli foto da vide-
okolaJi.
saqvelmoqmedo kon-
certi samoqalaqo ganaT-
lebis saswavlo kursis
„demokratiisa da moqala-
qeobis“ farglebSi gai-
marTa. saganmanaTleblo
programa amerikis Seer-
Tebuli Statebis saerTa-
Soriso ganviTarebis saa-
gentos (USAID) da saarCevno sistemebis
saerTaSoriso fondis (IFES) mxardaWe-
riT xorcieldeba. amave programis egi-
diT, 2012 wlis 3 dekembers, studentebma
baTumis ganaTlebis, ganviTarebisa da
dasaqmebis centrTan arsebuli „dRis
centris“ aRsazrdelebis dasaxmareblad
saqvelmoqmedo koncerti Caatares. sa-
Ramos organizatorebma Semosuli Tan-
xiT unarSezRudul mozardebs saCuqre-
bi gadasces da erTi bavSvis reabilita-
ciis kursi mTlianad daafinanses.
Sps „baTumis wylisa“ da
baTumis meriis sakonsul-
tacio kompaniis wamomad-
genlebi baTumis SoTa rus-
Tavelis saxelmwifo uni-
versitetis agraruli da sa-
inJinro teqnologiebis fa-
kultetis studentebs Sexv-
dnen da sawarmoo praqtikis
ganxorcielebis detalebi
gaacnes. praqtikantebi konsultantebis
daxmarebiT ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi
sainJinro proeqtirebis, proeqtis gan-
xorcielebisa da mSeneblobis zedamxed-
velobis sakiTxebs Seiswavlian. saswav-
lo praqtikis monawileebi konkursis we-
siT SearCevian, upiratesoba III-IV kursis
kargi akademiuri moswrebisa da ucxo
enis mcodne studentebs mieniWebaT.
proeqti KfW-is mxardaWeriT baTumis
municipaluri infrastruqturis reabi-
litaciisa da 516613-TEMPUS-1-2011-1-BE-TEMPUS-JPHES - University & enterprise coope-ration for competency-based training in Armenia,Georgia and Ukraine.Cap4Com progrmebis
farglebSi xorcieldeba.
programaSi monawileobis msurve-
lebma 15 Tebervlamde eleqtronul mi-
samarTze: [email protected] unda
gadagzavnoT CV da akademiuri moswre-
bis damadasturebeli dokumeti.
damatebiTi informaciisTvis dare-
keT nomerze: 27 61 72.
studentebma saqvelmoqmedo koncerti`Cvenc davberdebiT~ Caatares
saswavlo praqtika agraruli da sainJinro teqnologiebis
fakultetis studentebisaTvis
12 iiaannvvaarrii
Cveni universitetis aRzrdilma,
qimiis mecnierebaTa doqtorma nino
kiknaZem samecniero biblioTekas sa-
Cuqrad gadmosca misi saxelmZRvanelo
wigni “analizuri qimia”.
analizuri qimia fundamentaluri
mecnierebis erT-erT mniSvnelovan
dargs warmoadgens. didia analizuri
qimiisa da qimiuri analizis roli ro-
gorc sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebe-
bis (biologiis, fizikis), agreTve sxva
dargebis (mineralogiis, geologiis,
geoqimiis, agroqimiis, geografiis, me-
dicinis) ganviTarebaSi. analizuri qi-
miis Tanamedrove instrumentuli da
eqspresiuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT
dgindeba zemoaRniSnul dargebSi saa-
nalizo masalis Sedgeniloba da st-
ruqtura.
dReisaTvis analizuri qimiis meTo-
debi farTodaa danergili da aprobi-
rebuli saxalxo meurneobis sxvadasx-
va dargSi, warmoebaSi, kosmosur kvle-
vebsa da garemos dacvaSi. warmoudge-
nelia qimiuri, metalurgiuli, manqa-
naTmSeneblobis da sxva romelime dar-
gis warmoeba, romelTac nedleulTan
da sxvadasxva masalebTan aqvT saqme
warmoebis qimiuri kontrolis gareSe,
radganac swored qimiuri analizis
meSveobiT mzaddeba maRali sisufTa-
vis produqcia, romelic akmayofilebs
saerTaSoriso standartebs.
wignze muSaobisas avtori miznad
isaxavda analizuri qimiis Teoriuli
safuZvlebis, qimiuri analizis klasi-
kuri da Tanamedrove meTodebis Tav-
moyras da gacnobas studentebisa da am
sferoSi momuSave specialistebisT-
vis, romlebic aucilebelia qimiuri
kontrolisaTvis da xels Seuwyobs
analitikoss profesional specialis-
tad CamoyalibebisaTvis aucilebeli
unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebis sapasu-
xismgeblo saqmeSi. wignSi Tanmimdev-
rulad da maRal doneze aris ganxilu-
li analizuri qimiis fizikuri, qimiu-
ri, fizikur-qimiuri meTodebi da maTi
gamoyenebis sferoebi.
wigni Sedgeba 3 nawilisa da 23 Ta-
visgan, romlebSic safuZvlianadaa ga-
Suqebuli analizuri qimiis principu-
li sakiTxebi, kerZod:
I nawilSi gaSuqebulia Semdegi sa-
kiTxebi: eqsperimentis dagegmva da Ca-
tareba; qimiuri reaqciebis mgrZnobia-
roba da xsnarSi ionTa aRmoCenis piro-
bebi; nimuSis daSlisa da nivTierebis
aRmoCenis meTodebi; moqmed masaTa ka-
noni (mmk), rogorc TvisebiTi analizis
safuZveli;
II nawilSi ganxilulia kaTionTa
mJavur-tutovani sistema; wylis ionu-
ri namravli; buferuli sistemebi; moq-
med masaTa kanoni da heterogenuli
sistemebi; Tanamedrove warmodgenebi
mJavebsa da fuZeebze brensted-lou-
ris protolituri Teoriis safuZvel-
ze;
III nawili moicavs raodenobiTi ana-
lizis Teoriul safuZvlebs, misi Ca-
tarebis pirobebs da operaciebs; rao-
denobiTi analizis qimiur, fizikur da
fizikur-qimiur meTodebs; klasikuri
qimiuri meTodebis paralelurad, aR-
werilia Tanamedrove instrumentuli
meTodebi: eleqtroqimiuri, fotomet-
ruli, atomur-absorbciuli, qroma-
tografiuli.
nino kiknaZis wigni `analizuri qi-
mia~ warmoadgens klasikuri da Tana-
medrove meTodebiT analizuri qimiis
mniSvnelobis gaSuqebis literatu-
rul wyaros. wigni gankuTvnilia umaR-
lesi saswavleblebis rogorc qimiis
specialobis, aseve sabunebismetyve-
lo, samedicino, agraruli, sainJinro-
teqnologiuri dargis studentebisT-
vis, igi agreTve mniSvnelovani SenaZeni
iqneba am sferoebSi moRvawe specia-
listebis farTo wrisaTvis.
samecniero biblioTekam saCuqrad miiRo za-
al qorTuas wigni, „qarTuli samefo-samTavroe-
bis sagareo politikis istoriidan (odiSis
samTavro XVI I s. pirvel naxevarSi urTierToba
osmaleTTan, sparseTTan da evropasTan.)”
mkvlevari naSromSi, istoriuli faqtebisa da
movlenebis analizis safuZvelze akonkretebs
odiSis mTavris _ le-
van II dadianis mier ga-
tarebul reformebs,
rogorc saSinao ise sa-
gareo politikuri
cxovrebis dargSi, ri-
Tac SesaZlebeli gax-
da odiSis samTavros
gaZliereba-ganmtki-
ceba dasavleT saqarT-
veloSi, kulturis
centris gadmonacvle-
ba istoriul samegre-
loSi. odiSis samTav-
rom gamaerTianeblis
roli Seasrula samxreT-dasavleTi saqarTve-
los istoriaSi. daqucmacebuli saqarTvelos
arsebobis pirobebSi levan II dadianma ormagi
diplomatiis gziT SeZlo mtris mterTan dapi-
rispireba. evropuli civilizaciis Semobrune-
bis gzaze myofma saqarTvelom rTuli periodi
gadaitana da SeZlo fexze dadgoma. 1555 wlis sa-
marcxvino zavi dResac ganagrZobs arsebobas
„mtris“ azrovnebaSi.
avtori arsebuli istoriuli wyaroebis ur-
TierTSejerebis safuZvelze akonkretebs isto-
riul pirovnebaTa saxelebs.
mkvlevari naSromis 144-e gverdze aRniSnavs,
rom wyaroebis naklebobis an kidev uqonlobis
gamo Znelia naxevarsaukunovan monakveTSi zus-
tad ganisazRvros dasavleTi saqarTvelos Ti-
Toeuli samefo-samTavros sagareo politikuri
kursi, magram ZiriTadad SeiZleba iTqvas Semde-
gi: dasavleTi saqarTvelos sagareo politikis
gansakuTrebiT saintereso kursis gamtarebeli
odiSis samTavro da misi xelisufali levan II da-
diani iyo. amasTan isic unda iTqvas, rom am peri-
odis arsebuli istoriuli wyaroebi mniSvnelo-
van cnobebs gvawvdian imereTisa da guriis same-
fo-samTavroTa mesveurebis mier warmoebuli
sagareo saqmianobis Sesaxeb. swored imereTma
Seikedla qarTveli mefe Teimuraz II da iranis
Sahi dadianis meSveobiT cdilobda masTan er-
Tad imereTis xelSi Cagdebas.
mkvlevari savsebiT samarTlianad akonkre-
tebs evropeli misionerebis saqmianobas, ro-
gorc politikur ise kulturul sferoSi. maT
dadebiTi roli iTamaSes tyveTa syidvis saqmeSi.
Tumca udidesia levan II dadianis damsaxureba
qarTuli kulturis TviTmyofadobis SenarCu-
nebisa da misi sparsuli gadagvarebisgan dacva-
Si.
universitetis req-
torma, prof. a. bakuri-
Zem biblioTekas saCuq-
rad gadmosca qarTul
xelnawerTa erovnuli
centris mier gamocemu-
li wignebi.
xelnawerTa erov-
nulma centrma Sekriba
da or tomad gamosca
qarTveli istorikosisa
da filologis, prof.
zaza aleqsiZis Sromebi
saxelwodebiT „qristi-
anuli kavkasia“.
gamoica qarTul xelnawerTa wigni-albomi.
masSi Sesulia V-XI saukuneebis qarTuli xelna-
weri wignebis da sazR-
vargareT arsebuli
qarTuli kulturis
centrebSi (sinis mTa,
ierusalimis berZnuli
sapatriarqo) arsebul
xelnawerTa koleqcie-
bis fotoaslebi. albo-
mi Sedgeba oTxi Tavisa-
gan. wignSi warmodgeni-
li fotoebi anotire-
bulia da masSi Tavmoy-
rili masala informa-
ciuli xasiaTisaa. gansakuTrebiT sainteresod
ikiTxeba informacia saweri masalisa da wignis
ydis Sedgenilobis Sesaxeb. wigns Tan erTvis
qarTul xelnawerTa Seqmnisa da gadanacvlebis
ruqa (V-XVII ss).
aseve xelnawer-
Ta erovnulma
centrma gamosca
ruseTis erovnul
biblioTekaSi da-
culi XV-XVI ss-is
qarTul-berZnu-
li ilustrirebu-
li xelnaweri
sankt-peterbur-
gis koleqciidan.
xelnaweri Sinaar-
siT liturgikuli krebulia. teqsti moicavs sa-
xarebiseul sakiTxavebs, troparebs, savedrebel
locvebs da sxvadasxva Sinaarsis mimowevas. ana-
logiuri xasiaTisaa samedicino epigramebi, ro-
melSic aRwerilia da daxasiaTebulia adamianis
janmrTelobisaTvis saziano an sasargeblo Tve-
ebi.
x e l n a w e r i s
Sesaxeb 1883 we-
ls pirvel cno-
bas gvawvdis Ji-
ul murie naS-
romSi „kavkasiis
x e l o v n e b a “ .
Sarl roo de
flerma naSromSi
„La messe“ gamoaq-
veyna grigori
gagarinis mier
Sesrulebuli ori miniaturis asli. es is gagari-
nia, romelmac uari Tqva daexata reaqcioneri
ministris _ katkovis suraTi, romelmac Seu-
racxyo qarTuli erovnuli droSa.
aseve xelnawerTa erovnulma centrma gamos-
ca tao-klarjeTis xelnaweri memkvidreoba da
moqvis saxareba.
gverdi moamzada
merab megreliSvilma
nnaaCCuuqqaarrii wwiiggnneebbii
gazeTi daibeWda
gamomcemloba
`samSobloSi~
2 18 07 76; 5 99 95 31 90
mis.: q. Tbilisi,
robaqiZis 7
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