SANSKRITStandard 9

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Gujarat State Board of School Textbooks‘Vidyayan’, Sector 10-A, Gandhinagar-382 010

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Price : -⁄U 33.00

PREFACEIn accordance with NCERT as well as NCF-2005,

it has been necessary to bring change in new nationalcurriculum, textbook and educational process. In thatconnection Gujarat State Secondary and HigherSecondary Board have prepared a new curriculum.With a feeling of pleasure, the Board presents thistextbook to the students which is prepared according tothe new syllabus of Sanskrit for Standard 9 and

approved by the Government of Gujarat.In this textbook, linguistic, literary and cultural aspects

of Sanskrit have been taken care of. Wherevernecessary, considering the age group of the studentssome lessons have been edited and some new lessonshave been written. Sanskrit conversational aspects arealso covered. All the (grammatical) terms are discussedin detail to get familiar with Sanskrit language. Variousaspects of Sanskrit literature have been representedhere. This textbook has been prepared with a vision todevelop creativity, thinking power and reasoning abilityin students which can lead them to their overalldevelopment and it can help in teaching-learning processtoo.

Before publishing this textbook, its manuscript hasbeen reviewed with different points of view by theteachers teaching at this level and the subject experts.This textbook has been published only after incorporatingthe suggestions and corrections in the manuscriptsuggested by the teachers and experts. We acknowledgethe contribution of all those who have put in ceaselessefforts and extended full co-operation in bringing outthis textbook.

With a view to making this textbook interesting,useful and errorfree, the textbook board has takenevery care. However, in order to improve upon thequality of this textbook, we welcome useful suggestions

from all those interested in education.

H. K. Patel GAS Dr. Nitin PethaniDirector Executive President

Date : 1-2-2013 Gandhinagar

Authors

Shri Sureshchandra J. Dave

Authors

Dr. Kamleshkumar C. Chokshi (Convenor)

Dr. Manshukh K. Moliya

Dr. Mohini D. Acharya

Shri Poornima L. Dave

Shri Maharudra K. Sharma

Shri Smitaben B. Joshi

Translation

Dr. Indira Nityanand

Shri Poornima L. Dave

Reviewers

Dr. Jayntilal K. Bhatt

Dr. Ramchandrabhai G. Prajapati

Shri Rohitbhai J. Khamar

Shri Harsha B. Mehta

Shri Vishnuprashad R. Suthar

Artist

Shri Ankur Soochak‹ı‰ÎÕÎ

Co-Ordinator

Shri Kishanbhai F. Vasava

(Subject Co-ordinator : Gujarati-Sanskrit)

Preparation and Planning

Shri G. I. Shaikh

(Dy. Director : Academic)

Lay-out and Planning

Shri Haresh S. Limbachiya

(Dy. Director : Production)

First Edition : 2013

Published by : H. K. Patel, Director, on behalf of Gujarat State Board of School Textbooks,

‘Vidyayan’, Sector 10-A, Gandhinagar

Printed by :

© Gujarat State Board of School Textbooks, Gandhinagar

Copyright of this textbook is reserved by Gujarat State Board of School

Textbooks. No reproduction of any part of the textbook in any form is

permitted without written permission of the Director of the Board.

FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES

It shall be the duty of every citizen of India :*

(a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the

National Flag and the National Anthem;

(b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle

for freedom;

(c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;

(d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do

so;

(e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the

people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional

diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;

(f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;

(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes,

rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures;

(h) to develop a scientific temper, humanism and a spirit of inquiry and reform;

(i) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

(j) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective

activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and

achievement.

* Constitution of India : Section 51 A

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