Role Nursing Admn
Transcript of Role Nursing Admn
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Role of NursingRole of NursingAdministration inAdministration inInfection ControlInfection Control
Role of NursingRole of NursingAdministration inAdministration inInfection ControlInfection Control
Bhagavathi KrishnaBhagavathi KrishnaNursing SuperintendentNursing Superintendent
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Tenets of infection
Control are Vigilance
Vigilance
Vigilance
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Role of Nursing
Administration Planning
Organizing
Implementation
Coordination
Control
Evaluation
Team work is essential
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Characteristics of
Successful leaders Adopting Specific behaviors
Challenging the process
Inspired and shared vision
Enabling others to act
Modeling the way
Encouragement
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Desirable characteristics
of leaders Attitudes: Sensitivity and commitment tothe cause Knowledge: Expertise and credibility and
the application of problem solving Communication: both with in outside
nursing
Skills: directing and helping others Personal Attributes: attract, Influence
and evoke confidence
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Purposes Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Human
Immunodeficiency Virus, (HIV) and
other blood-borne pathogens cannotbe reliably identified by medicalhistory and examination. Therefore,
certain precautions must be takenwith all patients and patientspecimens encountered
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Employee Health
Reduce risks of Endemic & epidemic
Nosocomial Infections Ongoing surveillance of infection
Orient new employees to infection
control policies
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Employee Health Promote a Safe working environment Address in terms of injury and illness
Care is provided by competent medicaland supporting staff
Minimizing injury or exposure
Follow up exposure to communicablediseases
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Concepts of Isolation They are as follows:
Universal Precautions .
Patients requiring Strict,Respiratory,enteric, BMTIsolation must beadmitted or transferred to an isolation room.
Drainage/Secretion Precautions should bemanaged in standard rooms.
. Protective Isolation is rarely indicated
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General Infection
Control Principles Hand Washing
Hand Care
Use of Gloves, Masks,
Instruments
Needles & Syringes
Dressings
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General Infection
Control Principles Laboratory Specimens
Thermometers
Linen
Patient Food types
Transportation of patients
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General Infection
Control Principles Drinking water
Books, magazines and letters
Toys and personal effects
Patients Chart
Elevators
Take equipment which are neededonly
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Engineering and Work PracticeControls:
1. Hand washing facilities shall bereadily accessible. When provision of
hand washing facilities is notfeasible, the employer shall provideeither an appropriate antiseptic handcleanser in conjunction with papertowels
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Universal Precautions 2. Supervisors shall ensure that
employees wash their hands
immediately or as soon as feasibleafter removal of gloves or otherpersonal protective equipment..
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Universal Precautions Supervisors shall ensure that
employees wash hands and any other
skin surface with soap and water, orflush mucous membranes with water.
The eyes must be flushed with water
at an eyewash station for fifteen(15) minutes following contamination.
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Wash Hands Coming on duty
when soiled
between handling of patients
immediately before contact withpatient
after contamination with blood/bodyfluids
After personal use of toilet
After handling dressings
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Wash Hands After blowing or wiping the nose
After handling sputum containers
After removing gloves
Before eating
on Completion of duty
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Universal Precautions Contaminated needles and other
contaminated sharps shall not be
bent, recapped, or removed fromdisposable syringes except asrequired for medical or dental
procedure. Shearing or breaking ofcontaminated needles is prohibited.
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Universal Precautions . Immediately or as soon after
use as possible contaminateddisposable sharps shall bediscarded in containers that are:
a. Puncture resistant; b.Yellow in color or labeled with a
biohazard label; and
c. Leakproof on the sides and bottom.
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Reusable sharps that arecontaminated with blood or other
potentially infectious materials shallnot be stored or processed
Eating, drinking, smoking, applying
cosmetics or lip balm, and handlingcontact lenses are prohibited in workareas.
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Food and drink shall not be kept inrefrigerators, freezers, shelves,
cabinets or on countertops orbenchtops where blood or otherpotentially infectious materials are
present. All procedures involving blood orother potentially infectious materialsshall be performed in such a manneras to minimize s lashin , s ra in ,
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. Mouth pipetting/suctioning of bloodor other potentially infectious
materials is prohibited. Specimens of blood or other
potentially infectious materials shall
be placed in a container whichprevents leakage during collection,handling, processing, storage,transport or shipping. Specimensmust be sealed in a trans arent
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A readily observable tag containingthe universal biohazard symbol shall
be attached to the equipment statingwhich portions remain contaminated.Supervisors shall ensure that this
information is conveyed to allaffected employees,
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PersonalProtective Equipment:
1. Provision:
Equipment such as, but not limited to,gloves, gowns, laboratory coats, faceshields or masks and eye protection,and mouthpieces, resuscitation bags,pocket masks, or other ventilation
devices will be provided. Personalprotective equipment will beconsidered "appropriate" only if itdoes not permit blood or otherotentiall infectious materials to
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2. Use:Supervisors shall ensure that theemployee uses appropriate personalprotective equipment unless they canshow that they can otherwiseprotected
3. Accessibility:
Supervisors shall ensure thatappropriate personal protectiveequipment in the appropriate sizes is
readily accessible at the worksite
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Universal Precautions 4. Cleaning, Laundering, and Disposal:
5. Repair and Replacement:
6. Garment Penetration:
7. All personal protective equipmentshall be removed prior to leaving the
work area.
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When personal protective equipmentis removed it shall be placed in an
appropriately designated area orcontainer for storage, washing,decontamination or disposal.
9. Gloves: 10. Masks, Goggles and Face Shields:
.
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Universal Precautions 11. Gowns, Aprons, and Other
Protective Body Clothing:
12. Surgical Hoods or caps and orshoe covers must be worn
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Cleaning and
Decontamination All equipments
Contaminated work surfaces
Protective coverings forenviornmental surfaces
Reusable bins and pails
Broken glassware must not be pickedup by bare hands
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Labels Wherever required biohazard labels
are to be used
Individual containers are sparedfrom labeling
Secondary containers are labeled
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Waste Disposal Waste liquids /blood /infectious
materials can be poured into the
drain after treating with bleach solid waste may be discarded as
trash if contaminated must be placed
in yellow bags Pathological wasted are incinerated
Exposure Reporting
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Hospital Unit for
Inpatients Background Design - The Theme is tomaintain the microbial population at a lowlevel and below the infective dose
a. Room air control-air handling, filtered airentry of air, isolation rooms
b. Surface Residues - surfaces are used with
detergents, beds are without springs, use ofdisposable materials
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Avoidance of person to persontransmission of infection- isolation of
patients, proper hand washingfacilities, Doors with forwardpressure are used
Avoidance of contamination ofequipment, supplies and medication -Disposable Supplies are useddirectly, IV fluids to be prepared
under laminar flow, Refrigeration
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Some general rules for
Inpatient Keep all doors closed
Staff may not eat or drink oninpatient floors
Take only necessary supplies into theroom
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Continued All wastebaskets must be emptied
frequently
charts to be decontaminated Report of non compliance
Nursing supervisors are responsible
for surveillance and enforcement ofall policies
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Standard Room Care Patient Categories:- No evidence of
infection,
Hiv Infection, Infections with low probability of
transmission,
minor infections , with chronic carriers, Hep-B/C,
Fever, Streptococcal pharyngitis
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Specifications Private Room
Hand washing
Cleaning daily and removal of wastes Only washable toys are provided
Urine and Feces
Lab Specimens
Needles and syringes and HouseKeeping
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Conclusions Goals and strategies
Team work
Training Policies and procedures
Perseverance
Research
High Quality -Low cost
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Role of Nursing
Administration Planning
Organizing
Implementation Coordination
Control
Evaluation
Team work is essential
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PLANNING Depts. Structured separately
O.Tand ICU
Space in wards Isolation rooms
Adequate staffing
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ORGANISATION Infection control team
Physician, Infection control officer
and Infection control nurse
Infection control committee
Representatives from various depts.E.g. catering, cleaning facilities/building and management
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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
RISKS FOR HCWs Elements
- Assess infection risks & prioritisepreventive measures- Ongoing education programm regardingsafety and infection prevention- Appropriate immunisation programme
-R
eview of exposure analysis and postexposure mgt. analysis- Surveillance of occupational bloodexposures & preventive strategies for highrisk practices
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GENERAL MEASURES Accurate occupational health records
Screening of new employees for
communicable diseases Record of needlestick injuries in an
accident log
Covering of exposed skin lesions withwater proof dressing
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supervision Infection control practices
Provision of protective devices
Making sure that protective devicesare used
Accessibility
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TEACHING Orientation of new employees
Universal precautions
Cleaning, disinfection andsterilisation
Isolation
Waste disposal Infection control manual
Infection control policy
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ECONOMIC EVALUATION
OF INFECTION CONTROL Rationale- Scarce resources
Types of economic analysis
- Cost minimisation- Cost effectiveness
- Cost benefit
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SURVEILLANCE FOR
HAI Plan
- How infection to be defined
- What data to be collected, stored,retrieved, summerised andinterpreted
- Feeding of results to clinicians- How to use info. To bring aboutchange
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Requirements for
surveillance Monitor inf. Pattern ( sites,
pathogens, risk factors, location,
etc.) Detect changes in the pattern that
may include infection problem
Direct implementation of controlmeasures
Monitor antibiotic use and resistance
Provide staff with adequate
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INFECTION CONTROL
AUDIT Auditing infection control practices,
results and communicating them
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RESEARCH
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Conclusion Goals and strategies
Team work
Training Policies and procedures
Perseverance
Research
High Quality -Low cost
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Thank You