Risk assessment for food safety management in Vietnam
Transcript of Risk assessment for food safety management in Vietnam
Risk assessment for food safety management in Vietnam
Speaker: Hung Nguyen-Viet, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) & Hanoi
University of Public Health
ContribuXon• DeliaGrace
• FredUnger
• MaxBarot
• LucyLapar
• DangXuanSinh
• TranTuyetHanh
• PhamDucPhuc
• HoangVanMinh
• TranThiNgan
• NaXonalFoodSafetyRiskAssessmentTaskforce
Outline
• AnimalsourcefoodandfoodsafetyininformalmarketsinVietnam
• Evidencefromriskassessmentforfoodsafety:porkandfishvaluechainswithinaOnehealth/Ecohealthcontext
• FromfoodsafetyresearchtopolicytranslaXon
FoodsafetyinVietnam
• FoodsafetyamongthemostpressingissuesforpeopleinVietnam,moreimportantthaneducaXonorhealthcare
• Vietnamhasamodernfoodsafetylegisla9onsystembuttheuseofriskbasedapproachislimited
• RiskpercepXontowardschemicalhazardsisimportant
• Willingtopay5-10%premiumforfoodsafety
• FoodexportsrelaXvelywellmanagedbutdeficitsindomes9cmarkets
ImportanceofporkforfoodsecurityinVietnam
PorkisanimportantcomponentoftheVietnamesediet• Morethan70%ofconsumedmeatispork,27kg/capita/year
• 83%producedbyverysmallorsmallfarms
• 76%ofpigsareprocessedinsmallslaughtering,nearly30,000
• Preferenceforfresh“warm”porksuppliedinretail
tradiXonalmarkets(80%ofallporkmarketed)• affordable,addresslocaldemands• orenescapeeffecXvecontrol
– f
• ConsumpXonofriskyporkproductsiscommon
(rawfermented/bloodpudding)
Riskassessment• Salmonellariskpathwaysdevelopedforproducers,slaughterhouseand
consumers,quanXtaXvemicrobialriskassessment(QMRA)riskforconsumer• Chemicalriskassessment
1275samples(farms,slaughterhouse,market)collectedduring1year
PigRISK:PorksafetyinVietnam(2012-2017)
Farm Transporta+ontoSH Slaughterhouse Consumers Retailer
• Feedinbags,remainingfeedsatthecages,environment
• Pork• Liver• Kidney
• ConsumpXonsurvey
Actor Sampletype Prev(%)Producer Drinkwater 19.4
Producer Floorswab 36.1
Producer Wastewater 38.9
Slaughterhouse Carcassswab 38.9
Slaughterhouse Feces 33.6
Slaughterhouse Mesenteric 35.6
Slaughterhouse Floorswab 22.4
Slaughterhouse Water 20.4Market Overall 34.1
PigRISK-microbial(Salmonella)contamina9on
Selectedkeyresults:QMRA
Streptococcussuisinslaughterpigs(N=147):S.suistype2,lowprevalence(1.4%)
Poten9alriskbehaviorssuchasconsumpXonof“Tietcanh”(rawpigbloodfood)wascommoninslaughterhouseworkers(43.1%)
Cross-contamina9onsurvey(Salmonella)(N=153):usingthesamecuwngboardinducedthehighestriskofcross-contaminaXonwithSalmonella(66.7%),followedbythesameknife(11.1%)respecXvely
HealthriskbyQMRA:
- Theannualincidencerateofsalmonellosis:12.6%(90%CI:0.5–42.6).
- Thefactorsmostinfluencingtherisk:householdporkhandlingprac9ceandprevalenceinporksoldinthemarket.
DangXuanSinhetal,2017,IJPH
PigRISK-chemicalhazards
514pigfeed,kidney,liverandporksampleswerepooledinto18sampleswereanalyzedforanXbioXcresidues,β-agonists,andheavymetals,comparedwithcurrentregulaXons.Presenceofbannedsubstances(e.g.chloramphenicolandthegrowthpromotersalbutamolinpigfeedandsoldpork)
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TuyetHanhetal,2017,IJPH
Selectedkeyresults:Chemicalriskassessment
Mostofsamples:negaXveordidnotexceedcurrentMRL
TuyetHanhetal,2017,IJPH
Contaminatedfishandhealthriskinanintegratedagriculturesystem
Health and environmental issues & livestock?
Crop Livestock
Fishery
Nguyen-Vietetal,2014
Riskassessment:fishfromwastewaterinHanamprovince
• WastewaterfromHanoiandsanitaXonsystemàcanalàfishcontaminatedbyheavymetalandpathogensàhealthrisk
• ConducXngariskassessmentoftapalia
Toanetal(2014)
Riskassessment:fishfromwastewaterinHanamprovince
• TilapiafromNhueriver.
• HighlycontaminatedPblevel,butlowriskforXlapia
• Localpeopleseemtobeawareoftherisk,theysellcontaminatedfish/vegetablestoothertowns
Toanetal(2014)
Pb Cd
NOAEL 1 , 4 m g / k g /day(2)
0,01mg/kg/day
LOAEL 0 , 5 m g / k g /day(2)
3,5-7,5 mg/kg/day2)
MRL 10µg/dl(3) 0,1µg/kg/day TDI 25µg/kg/week 25µg/kg/day
TDI Talapiaconsump9onper
Time/day month
Pb(µg) 7,8±4,61 9,7±5,76
Cd(µg) 0,35±0,206 1,88±1,113
Mẫu n Posi9ve(%) Pb(µg/kg) Cd(µg/kg)
Pb Cd µ µ Canalwater 27 100 40,7 3,7 0,04 Talapia 27 100 96,3 149 5,6
Keymessagesfromporkandfishriskassessment
• “OneHealth”foodsafetyriskassessment
• RiskmispercepXon:whatpeopleworryaboutandwhatmakesthemsickarenotthesame
• Chemicalriskislowinbothporkandfish• Salmonellariskishigh(annualincidencerate
ofsalmonellosiswasesXmatedtobe12.6%)• ThefactorsmostinfluencingtheesXmatewere
householdporkhandlingpracXcefollowedbyprevalenceinporksoldinthecentralmarket.
Policytransla9on:foodsafety
MeeXngwithDeputyPrimeMinisterVietnam,2Dec2016(Photo:TuyetHanh)
2011 2012
2016
MeeXngwithVFA,Photo:CENPHERMeeXngwithDAHPhoto:CENPHER
TopTakeaways
PorkandfishareimportantforVietnamesediet.Balancebetweenformaland“wet/tradiXonal”marketsRiskassessment:usefultoolforfoodsafetymanagementbutadaptaXonandcapacityareneededRiskmispercepXon:whatpeopleworryaboutandwhatmakesthemsickarenotthesameControl&commandapproachesdon’tworkbutsoluXonsbasedonworkingwiththeinformalsectormorepromisingFoodsafetypolicyinfluence:persistence,opportunisXcandXmesensiXve
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