]]r®'ge}} · 2018. 9. 22. · tcef; (2) *dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31 pdwåol

oAÁ'geH "r®'geH Zdemwd?

oAÁ&oH "r®&aom Zdemwd/

oAÁ&wð "r®&wd Zdemwd?

wPSu©a,m oAÁ'ku©H Zdemwd/

'getm;vkH;udk "r®'geu atmifEdkif\/

t&omtm;vkH;udk w&m;t&omu atmifEdkif\/

arGUavsmfzG,ftm;vkH;udk w&m;ü arGUavsmfjcif;u atmifEdkif\/

'ku©tm;vkH;udk wPSmukefjcif;u atmifEdkif\/

pd&H wd|wk o'¨ar®m? "ar® a[mEÅ K o*g&0g/

bk&m;&Sif\ tqHk;tr omoemawmfonf

t"GefY&SnfpGm wnfygapownf;/

o'¨r®oHk;jzmü ½kdaoav;pm;jcif; &SdMuygapukefownf;/

]]"r®'ge}}

þw&m;pmtkyfonf

"r®'getjzpf tokH;jyK&eftwGufom jzpfonf/

! u

]]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/}}

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

rmwdum

pmrsufESmtaMumif;t&m

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm #

pdwf"mwf\pGrf;tif #

rdrdwkdY\pdwfukd þokdY qifjcifay;yg !

pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg ¡

or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf; w

ul#m*g&okwåef x

yxrqd*¾V,k*okwf y

'kwd,qd*¾V,k*okwf A

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf 1

aEGvzGJU*gxm 2

tcef; (1) wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg 5

"r®ESifh t"r® 6

or®m'd|dÓPftjrif 8

pwkopöor®m'd|d 9

ur®óuwmor®m'd|d 10

psmeor®m'd|d 10

0dyóemor®m'd|d 11

r*¾or®m'd|d 13

zvor®m'd|d 14

AmvtrI 'kp&dw[lonf 16


c ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

wefcdk;ay:xif ukodkvf&Sif 18

aool ESifh raool 21

0dyv’mo\pGrf;tif 24

tcef; (2) *dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31

pdwåol


rmwdum ! *

oVm,we0dbwådw&m; 71

a&S;a&S;bk&m;&SifwdkY\ omoemü BudwfajccJhzl;aom

ocFg&w&m;&Sdjcif; 73

tcef; (4) opömav;yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOftusOf;csKyf 77

ÓPftvGefxufjrufol 77

yÍö*¾ ZeD;armifESH 79

t½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf 79

½lyor®LV§yk*¾dKvf 80

Ob,or®LV§yk*¾dKvf 81

emrfoabm 83

uHwdkY\pGrf;tif 85

"mwfur®|mef;tusOf;enf; 89

yx0D"mwf (6) rsKd; 91

tmayg"mwf (2) rsKd; 91

awaZm"mwf (2) rsKd; 91

0ga,m"mwf (2) rsKd; 92

wGef;uefrIoabm 93

rmrIoabm 94

Murf;rIoabm 95

av;rIoabm 96

axmufuefrIoabm 96

aysmhrIoabm 97

acsmrIoabm 97

ayghrIoabm 97

ylrIoabmç at;rIoabm 98


C ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

zGJUpnf;rIoabm 98

,kdpD;rIoabm 99

a'oemawmfpOftwdkif;½Iyg 100

reodum&aumov’ (10) yg; 102

£a`E´ig;yg; 106

aAmZÑ*F (7) yg; 108

tMunftwHk;tcJqdkwm bmvJ¿ 111

ÓPfa&mifqdkwm bmvJ ¿ 114

orm"d\ tusKd;*kPftif tmedoif ig;yg; 118

okH;q,fhESpfaum|mo 125

y*kPjzpfaomf 127

y#dulvreodum& 128

t½dk;pkur®|mef; 129

b0ifraemtMunf"mwfqdkwm bmvJ¿ 132

psmeft*Fg ig;yg; 134

owdjyK&eftcsuf 135

0oDabmfig;wef 135

A[d'¨t½dk;pkaum|mo 136

ar;cGef;wpf&yf 138

Mo'gwuodkPf; 139

uokdPf;0ef;ukd jzefYMuufyg 143

yxrpsmef - psmeft*Fgig;yg; 144

'kwd,psmef 145

]]tjzL tjzL}}vkdY pdwfu&GwfqdkrI 146

wwd,psmef 147


rmwdum ! i

pwkw¬psmef 148

tndKa&mifuokdPf; 149

t0ga&mifuodkPf; 153

teDa&mifuodkPf; 154

yx0DuodkPf; = ajruodkPf; 156

tmayguodkPf; = a&uodkPf; 158

awaZmuodkPf; = rD;uodkPf; 159

0ga,muodkPf; = avuodkPf; 160

tmavmuuodkPf; = tvif;a&mifuodkPf; 161

tmumouodkPf; = aumif;uifuodkPf; 162

tmumomeÍöm,wepsmef 163

0dnmPÍöm,wepsmef 167

tmudÍönm,wepsmef 167

ae0onmemonm,wepsmef 169

0dyóem\ tajcyg'upsmef 173

"mwfur®|mef; 174

y"med,*Fw&m; ig;yg; 175

"mwfur®|mef;tquf 180

owdjyK&ef 181

EGm;owfa,mufsm; Oyrm 183

1/ oEÅwdCe = ½kyftpOftwef;twkH;tcJ 186

2/ orl[Ce = ½kyftaygif;tpktwkH;tcJ 187

3/ udpöCe = ½kyfvkyfief;udpötwkH;tcJ 187

Oyg'g½kyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 188

ZD0dw = ZD0dwda`E´ = ½kyftouf 192


p ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

pu©K'Gg& 196

pu©K'ouuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 196

um,'ouuvmyfudk odrf;qnf;ykH 197

pdwåZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 198

OwkZMoZ|ru½kyfuvmyfukd odrf;qnf;ykH 199

tm[m&Z½kyfuvmyfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;ykH 203

pwkork|meduMoZm 205

tvkwftavG; rjyKtyfaomfvnf; jyKtyfouJhokdYaom 207

awaZm"mwfESifh MoZmwkdYrS ESpfcGESpfcG yGm;ykH 209

aomw'Gg& 212

Cme'Gg& ponf 213

raem'Gg& 213

emrfw&m;udk odrf;qnf;ykH 217

psmefemrfw&m;awGukd odrf;qnf;ykH 218

½kyfemrfukd yl;wGJodrf;qnf;yg 224

emr½ly00w¬me = emrf½kyfukd ykdif;jcm;rSwfom;jcif; 226

tm,we (12) yg; 227

emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf 228

ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf 229

Ówy&dnmpcef; 233

tEkyÜg'eda&m" 235

0dyóemqkdwm bmvJ¿ 238

yxraum#d*grokwåef 239

avmuDt&d,opömav;yg; 240

avmuDr*¾if (8) yg; = avmuDr*¾opöm 242


rmwdum ! q

ukefoG,frI ig;rsKd; 244

0dyóemydkif; r*¾if (8) yg; 247

opömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 248

½lyu©E¨mü O',udk tus,f½IyGm;enf; 249

½lyu©E¨mü 0,ukd tus,f½IyGm;enf; 253

t&[wår*f&rnfhtcsdef 257

0dyóemukodkvfaZmESifh t&[wår*f 259

avmuDopömav;yg; xif&Sm;vmyHk 259

ork',opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk 259

'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmykH 260

eda&m"opöm xif&Sm;vmykH 262

eda&m" (3) rsKd; 265

oar®m[0daem'eDt|uxm\ zGifhqdkcsuf 267

wpfzef 'ku©opöm xif&Sm;vmyHk 271

avmuDr*¾opömw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 271

y#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274

tEkavmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 274

y#davmry#dpöorkyÜg'foabmw&m; xif&Sm;vmyHk 275

y#dpöorkyÜEéw&m;rsm; xif&Sm;vmykH 279

enf;av;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH 282

1/ {uwåenf; 282

emewåenf; xif&Sm;vmykH 286

tAsmyg&enf; xif&Sm;vmykH 290

{0H"r®wmenf; xif&Sm;vmykH 294

vu©Pmig;yg; xif&Sm;vmykH 296


Z ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

tewåvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 297

tedpövu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 298

'ku©vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301

obm0vu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 301

ocFwvu©Pm xif&Sm;vmykH 303

tewåvu©PokwåefrSmvm&SdwJh 0dyóem½IuGuf 306

txufykdif; 0dyóemÓPfrsm; 317

pdwåol


rmwdum ! ps

onma0',dweda&m"ormywf 375

zvormywf 378

eda&m"ormywf 380

0dyóem oHk;rsKd; 384

ykAÁudpö (4) yg; 388

,if;ocFg&wdkY&JUcsKyfpOf 395

aoolESifh eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;olwdkY xl;jcm;csuf 397

eda&m"ormywfrS xykH 402

eda&m"ormywfrStx a&S;OD;pGmjzpfaomocFg& 403

zób,fESpfrsKd;u awGUxdygovJ¿ 406

pdwf"mwfu b,fbufudk ñGwfudkif;½dIif;aeygovJ¿ 408

A[lyum&w&m; 409

tcef; (12) a*g'wåokwåef 411

tcef; (13) ed*P²em#ykwåokwåef 421

tcef; (14) tapvuóyokwåef 435

tcef; (15) *dvme'óeokwåefaemufykdif; 443

w&m;a'oemawmfed*Hk; 456

rSwfom;zG,f&m tu©&mpOftñTef; 459

"""

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm

pdwf"mwf\pGrf;tif

pdawåe eD,wd avmaum? pdawåe y&duówd/

pdwåó {u"r®ó? oaAÁ0 0orEG*l/ (oH-1-36 - pdwåokwåef/)

pdawåe eD,wDwd tbdocFg&0dnmPH oËm,m[? wPSmorÜ,kwåH

0g/ (rlv#D-1-68/)

pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe =pdawåe = tbdocFg&0dnmPf - [k ac:qdktyfaom pdwfonf/

avmaum =avmaum =avmaum =avmaum =avmaum = owå0gtaygif;udk/ eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = eD,wd = aqmiftyf\/ pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe = pdawåe =

tbdocFg&0dnmPf - [k ac:qdktyfaom pdwfonf/ avmaum = avmaum = avmaum = avmaum = avmaum =

owå0gtaygif;ukd/ y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = y&duówd = qJGiiftyf\/ oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = oaAÁ0 = cyfodrf;OókH

tvHk;pHkaom owå0gwdkYonfomvQif/ pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = pdwåó = tbdocFg&0dnmPf

trnf&aom pdwf[laom/ {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = {u"r®ó = wpfckwnf;aom w&m;\/

0oH =0oH =0oH =0oH =0oH = tvdkodkY/ tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tEG*l = tpOfwpkduf vkdufygMu&ukef\/

b0opf wpfckukd jzpfay:vmatmif jyKjyifzefwD;ay;wwfaom

ukodkvf0dnmPf tukodkvf0dnmPfrsm;ukd tbdocFg&0dnmPf[k ac:qdk

\/ tvdk&r®uf rBuD;jcif; rwyfrufwwfjcif;qdkonfh tavmb"mwf?

! #

pdwfrcufxef rMurf;wrf;jcif; (= El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;) qdkonfh ta'go

arwåm"mwf? opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfudk rawGra0 odjcif;qkdonfh

tarm["mwf - þ tavmb"mwf ta'go"mwf tarm["mwf

wkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeaom0dnmPfum; ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPfwnf;/

ouf&dSoufrJh umr0w¬Ktpkpktay:ü wG,fwmrufarmjcif; wyf

rufjcif;qkdonfh avmb"mwf? pdwf"mwf cufxefMurf;MuKwfjcif; owå0g

ocFg&awGudk zsufqD;vdkjcif;qkdonfh a'go"mwf? opömav;csuf oabm

eufukd trSeftwkdif; xdk;xGif;rodjcif; awGa0jcif;ç trSefudk rodwJh

twGuf a,mufsm; rdef;r yk*d¾Kvf owå0g vl ewf jA[®m v,f ,m a&T

aiG ponfjzifh ajymif;jyefvSefum todrSm;aejcif;qkdonfh arm["mwf

- þ avmb "mwf a'go"mwf arm["mwfwkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeaom

0dnmPfum; tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPfwnf;/

tavmb"mwf ta'go"mwf tarm["mwfwdkYESifh ,SOfwGJaeaom

ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf trnf&aom pdwf"mwfum; owå0gwpfOD;

ukd txufwef;us rsufESmyef;vSonfh vlUb0 ewfb0 jA[®mb0

qkdonfh xkdxdkbkHb0odkY a&mufatmifç edAÁmefqdkonfh oHo&mxdkrSmbuf

urf;okdY a&muf&Sdonfhwkdifatmif wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxuf

wpfqifh jrifhoxufjrifh &ifhoxuf&ifh jrwfoxufjrwfatmif qGJaqmif

oGm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;&Sd\/

tvm;wlyif avmb-a'go-arm[-rmefrme-£óm-rpä&d,

ponfh ,kwfnHhaom"mwfwkdYESifh ,SOfwJGaeonfh tukodkvf tbdocFg&

0dnmPftrnf&aom pdwf"mwfuvnf; owå0gwpfOD;udk t0Dpdi&JodkY

wkdifatmifyif wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxufwpfqifh edrfhoxuf

edrfh nHhoxufnHh zsif;oxufzsif; toxuft eoxufeatmif

jyefvnfí qJGac:oGm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;&Sd\/

X ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf[lonfh

xkdpdwf"mwfrsm;onf owå0gwpfOD;ukd xkdxdkbHkb0rS ruRwfatmif

rvGwfatmif ½kef;rxGufEdkifatmif qJGiifxm;Edkifaom pGrf;tm;vnf;

&SdMu\/

oHo&mwpfcGif0,f usifvnfaeMu&aom owå0gtm;vHk;wkdYonf

um; ukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPf tukodkvftbdocFg&0dnmPftrnf

&aom pdwf"mwf[lonfh wpfckwnf;aom w&m;"r®\ tvkdEkdifiHodkY

vkdufygí aeMu&ay\/ (oH-1-36 - pdwåokwåef/)

rdrdwkdY\pdwfukd þokdY qifjcifay;yg

&[ef;wdkY ... xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfjrwftwGif;ü oifwkdY

wpfawGonf - ]]aeYnOfhoHo&m &SnfjrifhpGmaom tcsdeftcg umv

ywfvHk; þ igwkdY\pdwfonf &m*aMumifh a'goaMumifh arm[aMumifh

npfEGrf;í ae&ay\}} - [k rdrd\ pdwfukd rMumcP tjrJrjywf qifjcif

ay;yg/ &[ef;wkdY ... pdwf"mwfnpfEGrf;jcif;aMumifh owå0gwdkYonf

npfEGrf;Mu&ukef\? yifyef;Mu&ukef\? qif;&JMu&ukef\/ pdwf"mwf

jzLpifoefY&Sif;jcif;aMumifh owå0gwkdYonf jzLpifoefY&Sif;Mu&ukef\/

(oH-2-123 - *'´KvA'¨okwf/)

þodkY tjrJrjywf rMumcP qifjcifapvdkjcif;\ &nf&G,fawmf

rlcsufrSm þokdYjzpf\/ ]]pdwf"mwf jzLpifoefY&Sif;jcif;\ taMumif;&if;ppf

{uefjzpfaom orx-0dyóem bm0emwdkYudk - t½kd;

awmfrlvkdaom &nf&G,fcsufyif jzpf\/ þokdY tjrJrjywf rMumcP

qifjcifjcif;onf pdwf"mwfukd npfEGrf;apwwfonfh &m*-a'go-arm[

wkdY OD;aqmifvsuf&Sdonfh tukodkvf t,kwfw&m;wkdY\ tajcpkduf&m

tm½HkjzpfMuonfh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;wdkYudk vu©Pma&;oHk;wefodkY wif

um 0dyóembm0emur®|mef;udk pD;jzef;vkdaom pdwf"mwfrsm; wzGm;zGm;

jzpfay:vma&;twGuf tvGeftm;aumif;aom taxmuftyHhaumif;

BuD;wpfck wGef;tm;BuD;wpfckyif jzpfonf/

pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg

þodkY qifjcifvsuf rdrdwkdY\ pdwf"mwfukd rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif jyKjyif

ajymif;vJay;yg/

1/ ed,rdwed,rdwed,rdwed,rdwed,rdw -- ]]igonf ukodkvfudkom jyKvkyf&rnf}}[k 'ge-oDv-

orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh xkdxdkukodkvfukd jyKvkyfjcif;ü rdrd\

pdwfukd tjrJowfrSwfxm;yg/

2/ y&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdwy&dPmrdw -- avmb-a'go-arm[-rmefrme-£óm-rpä&d,

ponfh tukodkvfw&m;qkd;wdkY jzpfay:vmjcif;rS pdwfudk qkwfepf

apvsuf 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvfwdkYudk

jyKvkyfjcif;ü rdrd\pdwfukd tjrJwrf; ñGwfudkif;½Idif;xm;yg/

3/ ork'gpm& -- 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvf

w&m;wkdYukd tjrJrjywf jyKvkyfjcif;jzifh ukodkvfw&m;wkdYüomvQif

rdrd\pdwfudk tavhtusifhrsm;atmif jyKvkyfay;yg/

4/ tmbkZdw --

(u) olawmfoljrwfwkdY&Sd&m oifhwifhavsmufywf aumif;jrwfonfh

ywd½lya'ot&yfüom aexkdifyg/

( c ) olawmfaumif;wkdYudk rSD0Jqnf;uyfyg/

¡ ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

( * ) olawmfaumif;w&m;udk emMum;yg/

(C) t&d,r*f\ a&SUtzdkYü jznfhusifh&rnfh ig;yg;oDvrSpí usifh0wf

y#dywf [lorQukd jznfhusifhyg/

(i) 'ku©opöm ork',opöm trnf&onfh taMumif;w&m;ESifh

wuGaom Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg; (= ½kyfemrf)w&m;wdkYukd tedpö[k

'ku©[k tewå[k tokb[k wGifwGifBuD; 0dyóem½Iaeyg?

ESvHk;oGif;aeyg/

þodkY ESvHk;oGif;aeygu tvdk&dStyf ESpfouftyf jrwfEdk;tyfonfh

rnfonfh£|m½HkESifhyif awGUMuHK&onfjzpfapç tvdkr&Sdtyf rESpfouftyf

rjrwfEdk;tyfonfh rnfonfhted|m½HkESifhyif awGUMuHK&onfjzpfap wkef

vIyfrI r&SdawmhbJ ukodkvfom tjrJwrf; jzpfaeawmhrnf jzpfonf/

þokdYvQif rdrd\ pdwf"mwfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJay;yg/ þodkY jyKjyif

ajymif;vJay;ygu pdwf"mwfonf wjznf;jznf; jzLpifoefY&Sif;vmrnf

om jzpfayonf/ wpfpwpfp jzLpifoefY&Sif;vmaom xdkpdwf"mwfu

xkdolawmfaumif;\b0ukd wpfb0xufwpfb0 wpfqifhxufwpfqifh

jrifhoxufjrifh jrwfoxufjrwf ewfxufewf jA[®mxufjA[®m jzpf

atmif jr§ifhwifay;rnfom jzpfayonf/ tu,fí xdkolawmfaumif;\

pdwf"mwfonf t&[wår*fa&pifjzifh jzLpifatmif tNyD;wkdif aq;aMum

okwfoifEdkifaomtqifhodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ojzifh vHk;vHk;BuD; jzLpifoefY&Sif;

oGm;ygu oHo&m0#f'ku©rD;yHkBuD;vnf; tNyD;wkdif tNidrf;BuD; Nidrf;oGm;NyD

om jzpfayonf/

xkdokdY oHo&m0#f'ku©rD;yHkBuD; tNyD;wkdif tNidrf;BuD;Nidrf;í tat;BuD;

at;&mjzpfonfh edAÁme"mwfodkY qdkufa&muf&eftwGuf usifh&rnfh usifh

pOfrSm ----- 'ku©eda&m"*grdedy#dy'g ===== 'ku©csKyf&m edAÁmefodkY a&mufaMumif;

usifhpOf[k ac:qdktyfonfh r*¾if (8)yg; tusifhjrwfw&m;yif jzpfay

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! P

onf/

1/ or®m0gpm-or®mur®EÅ-or®mtmZD0[lonfh oDvr*¾if oHk;yg;ukd

c½koif;yGwfopfESifhtwl jzLpifatmif jznfhusifhyg/

2/ or®m0g,mr-or®mowd-or®morm"d[lonfh orm"dr*¾if oHk;yg;ukd

0dyóem\ tajcyg'u jzpfEkdifavmufatmif pHcsdefrDatmif xl

axmifyg/

3/ or®m'd|d-or®mouFyÜ[laom ynmr*¾if ESpfyg;udk jynfhpHkatmif jznfh

usifhyg/

or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;

&[ef;wdkY ...or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;¿ &[ef;wdkY ...

1/ 'ku©opömü odaomÓPfç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü odaomÓPfç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&mcsKyfaMumif; eda&m"opömü odaomÓPfç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOfü odaomÓPfonf

&dS\/

&[ef;wdkY ...þ pwkopöÓPfudk or®m'd|d[lí ac:qdktyf\/

(r-1-88/)

þr[mowdy|meokwåef a'oemawmfESifhtnD opömav;yg;udk

xdk;xGif;odwwfonfh pwkopöÓPfonf or®m'd|d rnf&um; a,m*g

0p&yk*¾dKvfonf oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©rS vGwfajrmufvdkygu oDvwnf;

[laom ajray:ü &yfwnfum orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmuf

zsmxufü pwkopöÓPfwnf;[laom oefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif

aoG;&rnfjzpfonf? pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sdatmif BudK;yrf;&rnf

jzpfonf/ atmufyg ul#m*g&okwåefudk zwf½IMunfhyg/

w ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

ul#m*g&okwåef

&[ef;wdkY ...yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u - ]]igonf --

1/ 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh

ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m

'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOfjzpfonfh r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkif

rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJ --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}} - [k

ajymqdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EdIif;cdkif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu - ]]igonf -- jymom'faqmif aygufaom tdrf\

(tkwfjrpfç wdkifç eH&H ponfh) atmufydkif;taqmuftODudk raqmuf

vkyfao;bJ (jymom'faqmiftxG#f[lonfh) txufykdif;taqmuftOD

udk wiftHh}}[k ajymqdkvmjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqkdonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&m

aom taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...þOyrmtwlyifvQif yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf-


udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! x


'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif; usifhpOfjzpfonfh r*¾t&d,


rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbJ --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}}[k ajym

qdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonhftwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf r&Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf --


udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç


'd|dÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf jzpfonfh r*¾t&d,


rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;í --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqHk;udk jyKaytHh}}[k ajym

qdkvmonf jzpfjim;tHh? þuJhodkY ajymqdkonfhtwdkif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf &Sdonfomwnf;/

' ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

&[ef;wkdY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu - ]]igonf -- jymom'faqmif aygufaom tdrf\

(tkwfjrpfç wdkifç eH&Hponfh) atmufykdif;taqmuftODukd aqmufvkyfNyD;rS

(jymom'faqmiftxG#f[lonhf) txufykdif;taqmuftODukd wifaytHh}}

[k ajymqkdvmonf jzpfjim;thH? þuJhokdY ajymqkdonfhtwkdif; jzpfEdkif&m

aom taMumif;onf &dSonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyifvQif yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]]igonf-

1/ 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh

ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m

'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

3/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;íç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf jzpfonfh r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;ukd [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdif

rsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifNyD;í --

aumif;rGefpGm oHo&m0#fqif;&J'ku©\ tqkH;ukdjyKaytHh}} [k ajym

qkdvmonf jzpfjim;thH? þuJhokdY ajymqkdonfhtwkdif; jzpfEdkif&maom

taMumif;onf &Sdonfomwnf;/

&[ef;wdkY ...xdkaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwdkYwpfawGonf-

1/ þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwf

yg/

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! "

2/ þum; 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k od

atmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

3/ þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

4/ þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf r*¾t&d,

opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/ --

þodkY a[mMum;awmfrl\/ (oH-3-394-395 - ul#m*g&okwåef/)

,ck pmzwfol\ vuf0,fa&muf&Sdaeaom þusrf;pmtkyfüum;

xkdopöm (4)yg;wkdYukd xkd;xGif;od&ef usifhpOft&yf&yfwkdYukd tusOf;csKyfum

wifjyxm;ygonf/ xkdusifhpOfwkdYum; r*¾if (8)yg; tusifhjrwfw&m;wdkYyif

jzpfMuonf/ orm"dxlaxmifykH tykdif;wGif "mwfur®|mef;jzifh orm"d

xlaxmifykHukd tajccHum xdk"mwkreodum& Oypm&orm"drSwpfqifh

(32)aum|mo ½IyHkwdkYudkvnf;aumif;ç xdk (32)aum|mowdkYrS ta&mif

uodkPf; (4)yg; ormywf (8)yg; usifhpOfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;ç xdkorm"d

wdkYudk tajccHí

ukwå&mr*¾opömwdkYudk or®m'd|d ÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwdkifrsufarSmuf

xGif;azmufodjrifatmif usifh&rnfh usifhpOft&yf&yfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;

a&;om;wifjyxm;ygonf/

odkYaomf þt&d,opömav;yg;udk xdk;xGif;odatmif usifhcGifh&&SdEdkif

onfh vlUb0udk &&Sd&efvnf; cJ,Of;vS\/ tvm;wlyif bk&m;&SifwdkY

yGifhxGef;awmfrlvmjcif;? bk&m;&SifwdkY a[mMum;awmfrltyfonfh "r®0de,

omoemawmf\ xGef;vif;awmufyjcif;? omoemawmfü ,HkMunfouf

0ifwnfaeonfh o'̈gw&m;&Sdjcif;? opömav;yg; jrwfw&m;udk or®m'd|d

ÓPfynmjzifh udk,fwdkifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufodjrifEdkifatmif oGefoif

jyoqdkqHk;ray;rnfh q&maumif; orm;aumif; rdwfaumif; aqGaumif;

wdkYudk qnf;uyfcGifh &&Sdjcif;? w&m;ESifhavsmfpGm usifhjcif; tp&Sdonfh

þ tcGifhta&;wdkYum; tvGef&cJaom tcGifhta&;wdkYyif jzpfMu\/

atmufyg qd*¾V,k*okwåef ESpfckwdkYudk zwf½IMunfhyg/

yxrqd*¾V,k*okwf

&[ef;wdkY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;cdkif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

a,mufsm;wpfa,mufonf r[morkj'mü taygufwpfckom&Sdaom

xrf;ydk;udk ypfcsav&m\/ xdkorkj'müvnf; rsufpdumPf;aeaom vdyf

wpfaumifonf &Sdav&m\/ xdkvdyfonf tESpfwpf&m tESpfw&m ukef

vGefaomtcgü a&rsufESmjyifay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmav&m

\/

&[ef;wdkY ...xdkt&mukd tb,fodkY rSwfxifukefoenf;¿ pifppf

tm;jzifh tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcgü a&rsufESmjyif

ay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmaom vdyfumPf;onf taygufwpfck

om&Sdaom xrf;ydk;ü vnfyif; pGyfEdkif&moavm[k ar;awmfrl\/

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! y

t&Sifbk&m; ...&SnfMumaomumv ukefvGefonf&Sdaomf wpfcg

wpf&H pGyfEdkifaumif;wef&myg\[k avQmufxm;Muukef\/

&[ef;wdkY ...tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsuf

ESmjyifay:odkY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmaom xdkvdyfumPf;onf þ

taygufwpfckom&Sdaom xrf;ydk;ü vnfyif; pGyfrdEdkifjcif;u ydkí jref&m

ao;\/ wpfBudrfrQ tyg,fodkY ysufpD;usa&mufoGm;aom vlrdkufonf

vltjzpfudk wpfzefjyef&&Sd&ef rvG,fulawmhacs[k igbk&m; a[mawmf

rl\/

xkdokdYjzpfjcif;onf tb,ftaMumif;aMumifhenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...þ

tyg,fbkHü w&m;ESifhtnDusifhjcif; rQrQwwusifhjcif; aumif;rIukokdvf

ukd jyKusifhjcif;rnfonf r&SdjzpfcJh\/ tcsif;csif; pm;jcif;ç tm;BuD;olu

tm;enf;olukd pm;jcif;onfom þtyg,fbkHü jzpfay:ae\/

xkdokdYjzpfjcif;onf tb,faMumifhenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...t&d,opöm

av;yg;wkdYukd rodrjrifjcif;aMumifhwnf;/ tb,fav;yg;wkdYenf;[lrl -

'ku©t&d,opömç 'ku©ork',t&d,opömç 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömç 'ku©

eda&m"*grdedy#dy'gt&d,opöm (= 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;

usifhpOf r*¾t&d,opöm) wkdYyifwnf;/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwkdYwpfawGonf-

þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg?

þum; 'ku©ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;

tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usihfpOf

r*¾t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

(oH-3-397/)

z ! pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

'kwd,qd*¾V,k*okwf

&[ef;wkdY ...jzpfoifhjzpf&m EIdif;ckdif;zG,f&m avmuOyrmaomfum;-

þr[myx0DajrBuD;onf a&wpfjyifwnf; jzpfaumif;jzpfav&m\

(jzpfonfqkdMupkdY)/ xkda&tjyifü a,mufsm;wpfa,mufonf tayguf

wpfckom &Sdaom xrf;ykd;ukd ypfcsav&m\/ xkdxrf;ykd;ukd ta&SUavonf

taemufokdY wkdufcwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ taemufavonf ta&SU

okdY wkdufcwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ ajrmufavonf awmifokdY wkduf

cwfaqmif,loGm;av&m\/ awmifavonf ajrmufokdY wkdufcwfaqmif

,loGm;av&m\/ xkda&tjyifü rsufpdumPf;aeaom vdyfwpfaumif

onf &Sdav&m\/ xdkvdyfumPf;onf tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukef

vGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:okdY wpfBudrf wpfBudrf ay:vmav&m\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdt&mukd tokdYrSwfxifukefoenf;¿ pifppftm;jzifh

tESpfwpf&m tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:okdY wpf

Budrf wpfBudrfom ay:vmaom xkdvdyfumPf;onf þtaygufwpfck

om&Sdaom xrf;ykd;ü vnfyif; pGyfrdEdkif&moavm[k ar;awmfrl\/

t&Sifbk&m; ...tESpfwpf&m ukefvGefaomtcg a&rsufESmjyifay:

okdY wpfBudrfwpfcgom ay:vmaom xkdvdyfumPf;onf þtayguf

wpfckom&Sdaom xrf;ykd;ü vnfyif;pGyfrdEkdifrIonf taMumif;nDñGwfrS

jzpfEkdif&myg\[k avQmufxm;Muukef\/

&[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyif vltjzpfukd&jcif;onf taMumif;

nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/ &[ef;wkdY ...þOyrmtwlyif avmuü ylaZmf

txl;ukd cH,lawmfrlxkdufaom tvkH;pkHaomw&m;wkdYukd ukd,fwkdif rSefpGm

odawmfrlaom or®morÁK'̈bk&m;&SifwkdY\ yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlvm

jcif;onf taMumif;nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/ &[ef;wkdY ...avmuü jrwfpGm

ed'geuxm - rdwfqufvTm ! A

bk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlaom "r®0de, omoemawmf\ xGef;vif;

awmufyjcif;onf taMumif;nDñGwfrS jzpfEkdif\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdvlom;wpfOD;onf þuJhokdYcJ,Of;aom vlUtjzpf

ukdvnf; &&Sdae\/ avmuü ylaZmftxl;ukd cH,lawmfrlxkdufaom

tvkH;pkHaomw&m;wkdYukd ukd,fwkdif rSefpGmodawmfrlaom or®morÁK'¨

bk&m;&Sifonfvnf; yGifhxGef;ay:aygufawmfrlvm\/ avmuü jrwfpGm

bk&m;a[mMum;awmfrlaom "r®0de, omoemawmfonfvnf; xGef;

vif; awmufyvsuf &Sdae\/

&[ef;wkdY ...xkdaMumifh þomoemawmfü oifwkdYwpfawGonf-

þum; 'ku©t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg?

þum; 'ku©ork',t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;

tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©eda&m"t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif

BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg? þum; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"okdY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf

jzpfonhf r*¾t&d,opömw&m;wnf;[k odatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfyg/

(oH-3-398/)

þa'oemawmfrsm;ukd OD;xdyf&Gufyefqifvsuf a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;

taejzifh t&d,opömav;&yf w&m;jrwfwkdYukd xGif;azmufodjrifatmif

rnfokdYrnfykH usifh&rnf[laom usifhpOft&yf&yfwkdYukd tusOf;csKyfum

þusrf;pmi,fü a&;om;wifjyxm;ygonf/ xkdodkY a&;om;wifjy&mü

pdwåol

vnf;aumif;ç armfvNrdKifNrdKU armifiH&yfwGifvnf;aumif;ç zm;atmuf

awm&wGifvnf;aumif;ç xkdxdkae&mwkdYwGifvnf;aumif; "r®ylZmtjzpf

tBudrfrsm;pGm a[mcJhzl;\/ ,if;okdY a[mMum;xm;aom w&m;t&yf&yf

wkdYukd pkaygif;um pmtkyftoGifjzifh jyifqifjznfhpGufum wifjyxm;yg

onf/ w&m;em,lolwkdY\ qE´t& w&m;a[maeonfh toGifjzifhom

a&;om;xm;ygonf/

toifolawmfaumif; taygif;wkdYonfvnf; ..

pdwåol

]]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/]earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó/}}

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

! 'DaeY a[mrnfhw&m;uawmh ...ç

oVm,we0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmfrSm vm&SdwJh

pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf jzpfygw,f/

xdkpdwåoH,kwfrSm okwåefaygif; (10) okwf vm&Sdygw,f/

'DokwåefawGuawmh emrnfausmfjzpfwJh

ausmif;'g,umBuD; pdwåol

2 ] pdwåoH,kwfw&m;a'oemawmf

aEGvzGJU*gxm

0eyÜ*karÁ ,x zkódwa*¾?*drSmermao yXro®ð *darS/wxlyrH "r®0&H ta'o,d?edAÁme*gr ð y&rH [dwm,/£'rÜd Aka'¨ &weH yPDwH?{awe oapöe ok0w¬d a[mwk/

(ck-1-7? ck-1-314 - &weokwf/)

*drSmeH = aEGvwkdY\/yXro® ð *darS = a&S;OD;tp aEGvjzpfaom/rmao = pdMwrmo wefcl;vü/zkódwa*¾ = yifvkH;uRwfyGifhaom cufzsm;pkH&Sdaom/0eyÜ*karÁ = awmtkyfonf/ood&Daum ,xm = toa& &SdvSbdouJhokdY/wxlyrH = teufo'´g yef;pkHpGmjzifh a0qmjyefYajym xkdawm

tkyfvQif ykHyrm&Sdaom/

edAÁme*gr ð = tNidrf;"mwfrSef jrwfedAÁmefokdY {uefxkwfacsmufa&mufjcif;\ taMumif;jzpfaom/

"r®0&H = okH;ykHyd#uwf w&m;jrwfa'oemawmfukd/y&rH [dwm, = vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwkdY\ edAÁme"mwfwnf;

[laom tjrwfqkH; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtvkdYiSm/

ta'o,d = u½kPm a&SUoGm; arwåmxm;í a[mMum;awmfrltyfcJhavNyD/

Aka'̈ = okH;avmuxG#fxm; &Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;ü/

aEGvzGJU*gxm ] 3

£'rÜd &weH = þ jrwfEkd;zG,f&m &wemtjzpf odomzG,ft-aMumif; ESpfoufzG,f *kPfawmftaygif;onfvnf;/

yPDwH = xl;jrwfawmfrlvSygay\/{awe oapöe = 0pDr*Fvm þopömpum;aMumifh/wkrSmuH = oifw&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmfaumif;

wkdYtm;/ 0g?

ygPDeH = taygif;rsm;pGm owå0gwdkYtm;/ok0w¬d = ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif;onf/a[mwk = rkcsraoG jzpfygapownf;/ / (om"k om"k om"k)

aEGvtcg yifvHk;uRwf yGifhaewJh cufzsm;pHk&SdwJh awmtkyfBuD;[mtoa&&SdouJhodkY bk&m;a[ma'oem yd#uwfoHk;yHkqdkwJh awmtkyfBuD;uvnf; teuf-o'´g ac:wJh yef;awGjzifh a0qmjyefYajymNyD; tvGefusufoa& &Sdw,f/ xdkyd#uwfoHk;&yf w&m;jrwfa'oemawmfudk bk&m;&Sifonf uRwfxdkufool ewf vl jA[®m a0ae,sMum owå0gwdkY&JUedAÁme"mwfvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtvdkYiSma[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhjcif; jzpfygw,faemf/

]] 'D rSefuefwJh opömpum;aMumifh (owå0gtaygif;wdkYonf ...)a0omvDjynfoljynfom; trSL;&SdaewJh owå0gtaygif;wdkYonf ...ab;&efukefuif; csrf;omat;jrjcif; jzpfMuygap ...}} qdkNyD;awmhopömjyKwJh *gxmwpfck jzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sif&JU yd#uwfoHk;yHkrSm vm&SdwJh w&m;a'oemawmfawGonf vl ewf jA[®m owå0gwdkY&JU edAÁme"mwfwnf;[laom tjrwfqHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omtwGuf OD;wnfNyD; bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlw,fvdkY 'Dvdkawmh ,HkMunfxm;zdkY vdkygw,f/

g wu,fhtcGifhta&;

tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .tcGif hta&; qdkwmuawmh . . .

&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/&cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/

ckvdk . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .ckvd k . .

lllll omoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;çomoemawmfESif h awGUqHk&jcif;ç

lllll omoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudkomoemawmfudk

ouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;çouf0if,HkMunfaewJh o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç

lllll bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:übk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:ü

,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&S daejcif;ç

lllll oDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudkoDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusif hjrwfawGudk

wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh . . .

jzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfumjzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laom ajray:rSm &yfwnfum

orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufüorm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufü

or®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJhor®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif;qdkwJh

orx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudkorx-0dyóem bm0emawGudk

usif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJhusif hEd kifwJh tcGif hta&;awG yGif hvef;vsuf&S djcif; . . pwJh

'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .'Dvdk tcGif hta&;awG[m . . .

tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/

'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm'Dvkd . . . &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJh tcsdeftcgrsK d;rSm

rdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJhrdrdwkd Y&JUoEÅmefrSm tvGef tqifhtwef; jrif hrm;aewJh

or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsK d;awGudk &&Sdatmif . . .BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/BudK;pm;zd k Y vkdygw,f/

(pmrsufESm-16/)


tcef; (1)

wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg

,ckvkd omoemawmfESifh awGUckduf MuHKcdkuf qHkckdufrSm rdrd&JUb0[mwefzdk;t&SdqHk; b0wpfck jzpfzdkYawmh tvGef ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ b0udkrufarmvGef;vdkY 'Dpum;ukd ajymaewmawmh r[kwfygbl;/ odkYaomfrdrdwdkYu b0udk tqHk;owfEdkifatmif oHo&m0#frS xGufajrmufaMumif;jzpfwJh ed,smeduw&m;aumif;awGudk 'Db0rSm atmifatmifjrifjrifusifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEkdifvQifawmh taumif;qHk;ygyJ/ 'DBudK;yrf;rIuawmh bk&m;&Sif tESpfNcdKufqHk; vkyfief;&yfyJ jzpfygw,f/

'gayrJh b0wpfckudk tqHk;rowfEdkifao;vQifaomfvnf;aumif;çodkYr[kwf b0ukd tqHk;owfzkdY&eftwGuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaeqJjzpfvQifaomfvnf;aumif; bmawG vdktyfovJ¿ --

vdktyfwJh tcsufuawmh pdwåol


usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfwJhtydkif;rSm --

1/ b,fvkdvkyfief;&yfawGu aumif;wJh vkyfief;&yfawGvJ¿

2/ b,fvkdvkyfief;&yfawGu raumif;wJh vkyfief;&yfawGvJ¿

3/ b,fvkdw&m;awGukd ukodkvfvkdY ac:ovJ¿

4/ b,fvkdw&m;awGukd tukodkvfvkdY ac:ovJ¿

5/ tukodkvfw&m;awGudk usL;vGefcJhvQif b,fvdktjypf&SdovJ¿

6/ ukodkvfw&m;awGudk jznfhusifhcJhvQif b,fvkdtusKd;w&m;awGukd&&SdEkdifovJ¿ --

'DtaMumif;t&mawGuawmh Ak'¨bmom0if olawmfpifwkdY tav;*½kjyKum ½kdaoav;pm;pGmjzifh qnf;yl;oifhwJhç tajzukd &SmazGoifhwJhçtajzawGukd odoifh odxkduf odxm;oifhwJh taMumif;t&mawG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DtaMumif;t&mawGESifh qufpyfaewJh *gxmwpfyk'fukd pwifemMum;MunfhMu&atmif .../

"r® ESifh t"r®

e [d "ar®m t"ar®m p? Oabm or0dygudaem/t"ar®m ed&,H aewd? "ar®m ygaywd ok*¾wð/

(Zmwu-1-357/ aewåd-157/)

"ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p ="ar®m p = okp½dkuf q,fyg; olawmfw&m; (= ukodkvfw&m;)onfvnf;aumif;/ t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = t"ar®m p = 'kp½dkuf q,fyg; rolawmfw&m; (= tukodkvfw&m;)onfvnf;aumif;/ Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = Oabm = "r®-t"r® ESpf0ukefaomw&m;wkdYonf/ or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem or0dygudaem ===== wlrQaom tusKd;w&m; &SdMuukefonf/e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ =e [d a[mEdÅ = rjzpfMuavukef/ t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = t"ar®m = 'kp½dkuf q,fyg; rolawmfw&m; (= tukokdvfw&m;)onf/ ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H =ed&,H = i&JokdY/ aewd =aewd =aewd =aewd =aewd = a&mufatmif

wefzdk;&SdwJhb0wpfckjzpfatmif BudK;pm;yg ] 7

raoG ykdYaqmifwwfygay\/ "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = "ar®m = okp½dkuf q,fyg; olawmfw&m;(= ukodkvfw&m;)onf/ ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = ok*wð = vlewfedAÁmef oHk;wefblrd taumif;qHk;aom *wdodkY/ ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = ygaywd = a&mufatmifraoG ykdYaqmifwwfygay\/

"r®ESifh t"r® ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ 'kp½kduf q,fyg;ukdvnf; t"r®vkdY ac:w,f? tukodkvfw&m; tm;vHk;ukdvnf; t"r®vkdY ac:w,f/ okp½kdufq,fyg;ukdawmh "r®vkdY ac:w,f? ukodkvfw&m; tm;vHk;udkvnf; "r®vkdYac:ygw,f/

xdk "r®ESifht"r® ESpfrsKd;wkdY[m tusKd;ay;csif; wlnDrI b,fvkdrS r&Sdbl;vdkY 'D*gxmu qdkaew,f/ t"r®w&m;awGu i&Jukd a&mufatmifykdYaqmifay;wwfwJh oabm&Sdw,f? "r®w&m;awGu vl ewf edAÁmefoHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom *wdodkYa&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;&Sdw,f? pGrf;tm;csif; pGrf;tifcsif; wpfckESifhwpfck[m rwlnDMubl;/

'gaMumifh 'Dvkd "r®ESifht"r®wkdY&JU tusKd;ay;yHkcsif; rwlnDwJhtcsufukd'DaeY w&m;emy&dowfawG tav;teufxm;NyD; pOf;pm;zdkYawmh vkdw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DaeY w&m;emaewJh y&dowfawGtm;vHk;[m wpfaeYrSmaoMu&rSmcsnf; jzpfMuygw,f/ oHo&mc&D; rqHk;Muao;bl;qkdvQifaoNyD;wJhaemufumvrSm b0wpfckudkawmh vufcH&awmhr,f/ tJ'DvkdvufcH&rnfh tcsdeftcgrSm -- i&J wd&pämef Nydwåm tol&um,f qkdwJhtyg,fav;bHkukdyJ rdrdwkdYu vufcHrvm;¿ odkYr[kwf vl ewf edAÁmefoHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom *wdawGudkyJvufcHrvm;¿ 'Dtcsufudk ckaetcgrSm rdrdwkdYu BudKwifNyD; a&G;cs,f&r,f/ 'Dtcsdeftcg[m a&G;cs,fcGifh &Sdaeao;wJh tcsdeftcg jzpfw,f/

tu,fí tyg,fav;bHkqkdwJh tyg,fblrd 'k*¾wdudk tvdkr&Sdbl;?vl ewf edAÁmef oHk;wefaom csrf;omvkdY ac:qdktyfwJh taumif;qHk;aom


*wdawGukdom tvkd&Sdygw,fqkdvQifç vdkvm;awmifhwcJhw,fqkdvQif -okp½dkuf q,fyg; ukodkvfw&m;awGukd tajccHxm;wJh oDvusifhpOform"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfawGudk wu,fvufawGU jznfhusifhzkdY vkdtyfygw,f/

or®m'd|dÓPftjrif

okp½kduf q,fyg;xJrSm ta&;tBuD;qHk; okp½dkufwpfckuawmh 'd|K-ZkuwmvkdYac:qkdwJh ajzmifhrwfrSefuefwJh t,l0g'&Sdjcif;qdkwJh uH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd ouf0if,HkMunfum wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwmor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/

yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m oDv-orm"d-ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yf tusifhjrwfawGudk jzLjzLpifpif atmifatmifjrifjrif jznfhusifhcsifw,fqkdvQifuH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd ESpfESpfumum ouf0if,HkMunfum wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwm or®m'd|dÓPftjrifESifh jynfhpHkzdkYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/ ]]ukodkvfw&m;awGu aumif;usKd;udk ay;w,f? tukodkvfw&m;awGu raumif;usKd;ukd ay;w,f}}qkdwJh 'Doabmw&m;ukdawmh tenf;qHk; ESpfESpfumum vufcH,HkMunfwJh o'¨gw&m; jy"mef;wJh todÓPfor®m'd|d &SdzdkYawmh vkdtyfygw,f/

yxrykdif;rSmawmh - rdb q&morm; pwJh olawmfaumif; oljrwfavmif;wkdY&JU qdkqHk;rrIç bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlwJh w&m;awmfawGudkavhvmoifMum;rIwdkYjzihf oifod-Mum;od taeESifh uH-uH&JUtusKd;ukdvufcH,HkMunf&rSm jzpfw,f/ odkYaomf oifod-Mum;od tqifhwGif &yfwnfraebJ usifhodtqifhtxda&mufatmif wpfqihfwufum BudK;yrf;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'DuH-uH&JUtusKd;ukd usifhodac:wJh todrsKd;&&Sdatmifolawmfaumif;wpfOD;u bmawGudkodatmif usifh&rvJvkdY ar;vQifa&S;OD;pGm ...


pwkopöor®m'd|d

1/ 'ku©opömw&m;awGudk odatmif usifh&r,f/

2/ ork',opömw&m;awGudk odatmif usifh&r,f/

3/ ork',opömaMumifh 'ku©opömjzpfyHkukd odatmif usifh&r,f/

'Dvdk odatmifusifhwJhtykdif;rSm yxrykdif;rSmawmh oifod-Mum;odvkdYac:qdktyfwJh tm*rokwtaeESifhyJ odatmif BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dtm*rokwukd tajccHNyD;awmhrS t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodtqifhudka&muf&Sdatmif BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dvkd t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodtaeESifh odwJhtykdif;udk or®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfuvnf; 'D'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odygw,f/r*¾or®m'd|dac:wJh t&d,r*fÓPfuvnf; 'D'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odygw,f/ 'Dvdk xdk;xGif;odwJh or®m'd|dÓPftaMumif;ukd xyfNyD; ajymMu&atmif .../

bk&m;&Sifu r[mowdy|meokwåefrSm or®m'd|dudk (4)rsKd; cJGjcm;NyD;awmh a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ --

uwrm p bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ ,H acg bdu©a0 'kau© ÓPH?'ku©ork'a, ÓPH? 'ku©eda&ma" ÓPH? 'ku©eda&m"*grded,m y#dy'g,ÓPH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ (r-1-88/)

]]&[ef;wkdY ...or®m'd|d[lonf tb,fenf;¿ &[ef;wkdY ...

1/ 'ku©opömü odaomÓPfç

2/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü odaomÓPfç

3/ 'ku©csKyfaMumif; 'ku©csKyf&m eda&m"opömü odaomÓPfç

4/ 'ku©csKyf&meda&m"odkY a&mufaMumif;usifhpOf r*¾opömü odaomÓPf

þ (4)rsKd;aom todÓPfudk or®m'd|d[k ac:qdktyf\/}} --


'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfav;rsKd;udkawmh pwkopöor®m'd|dvkdY ac:qkdygw,f/ 'Dpwkopöor®m'd|d[mvnf; avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|d avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dqdkNyD;ESpfqifh&Sdaeygw,f/ avmuD0dyóemÓPfESifhvnf; opömav;yg;udkxkd;xGif;odygw,f? 0dyóemor®m'd|d odkYr[kwf avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|djzpfygw,f/ avmukwå&m t&d,r*fw&m;uvnf; opömav;yg;ukdxkd;xGif;odygw,f? avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/

a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu - avmukwå&mpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sda&;twGuf avmuDpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfudk &&Sdatmif yxr BudK;pm;&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk BudK;pm;wJhtykdif;rSm a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu ckajymrnfh or®m'd|dtrsKd;rsKd;awGudk tqifhqifh&atmif BudK;pm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ tMurf;pm;taeESifh 'Dor®m'd|dawGudk cJGwrf;csvkdufvQif tqifh (5)qifh &Sdaeygw,f/

ur®óuwmor®m'd|d

1/ eHygwfwpf or®m'd|duawmh Ak'¨bmom0if olawmfpifwkdif;rSmwnf&Sd&rnfh uH-uH&JUtusKd;udk vufcH,HkMunfwJh wwfodem;vnfwJhur®óuwmor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/ yxqifhtaeESifhawmh oifodtqifhjzpfygw,f/ rdb q&morm; ponfwkdY&JU oGefoifjyorIukd tajccHumvufcH,HkMunfxm;wJh wwfodem;vnfaewJh ur®óuwmor®m'd|djzpfygw,f/

psmeor®m'd|d

2/ tJ'Duae aemufwpfqifhwufvkdufawmh psmeor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/ Oypm&orm"dvkdY ac:qkdwJh Oypm&psmefudkyJjzpfjzpfç tyÜemorm"dvkdYac:qkdwJh tyÜempsmefudkyJjzpfjzpf 'DpsmefESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif wpfrsKd;rsKd;aom psmefudk odkYr[kwf ESpfrsKd;vHk;aom psmefwdkYudk rdrdwkdYu &&Sdatmif


BudK;pm;&r,f/ bmaMumifh 'DpsmefawGukd &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;&ovJ¿bk&m;&Sif a[mawmfrlwJh 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m; qkdwJhy&rwftppfjzpfwJh ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;awG[m orm"d&SdrS odEdkifvkdYjzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd psmefawGudk &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;vkdufwJhtykdif;rSm 'Dpsmeft*FgawGESifh ,SOfwJGNyD; jzpfay:aewJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmudk psmeor®m'd|dvdkY ac:ygw,f/ odyfNyD; tvGefBuD; tqifhrjrifhao;wJh or®m'd|dwpfrsKd; jzpfygw,f/

0dyóemor®m'd|d

3/ 'Duae aemufwpfqifh wufvkdufawmh 0dyóemor®m'd|d jzpfw,f/ 'ku©opömtrnf&wJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; (= ½kyfw&m;emrfw&m;)awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odwJh or®m'd|dç 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;odwJh or®m'd|d - 'DESpfrsKd;aomor®m'd|dÓPfudk a&S;OD;pGm a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu &atmif BudK;pm;&w,f/

'D 'ku©opömw&m; ork',opömw&m;awG[m 0dyóemÓPf&JUt½IcHtm½HkawG jzpfMuygw,f/ 'D'ku©opömw&m;pkawGxJrSm txufu ajymcJhwJh psmefw&m;awGvnf; yg0ifMuygw,f/ 'D 'ku©opömw&m;ork',opömw&m;awGudk qkdif&mqkdif&m taMumif;w&m;awGu jyKjyifay;rS jzpfay:vm&wJh w&m;awGjzpfvkdY ocFg&w&m;vkdY ac:ygw,f/

'DocFg&w&m;awGudkvnf; bk&m;&Sifu ]]oaAÁ ocFg&m 'ku©m}}-ponfjzifh 'ku©jzpfaMumif;ukd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'DocFg&w&m;awGrSm jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tjrJrjywfn§Of;yef;ESdyfpufcHae&wJh Zmwd'ku©-r&P'ku©awGu wef;vef; &SdaeMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvfu 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabmawGukd odatmif wpfqifhwufNyD; BudK;pm;&w,f/ 'DocFg&w&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf-'ku©tcsuf-tewåtcsuf


awGudk xkd;xGif;odaewJh or®m'd|du 0dyóemor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f/

'D0dyóemor®m'd|dESifhwuG twl,SOfwJG jzpfMuwJh or®m0g,mr-or®mowd-or®morm"dqdkwJh orm"dr*¾ifoHk;yg;ç or®m'd|d-or®mouFyÜqkdwJh ynmr*¾if ESpfyg;wkdYu avmuDr*¾opömw&m;rsm; jzpfMuygw,f/'Dr*¾opömw&m;awG&JU tedpötcsuf-'ku©tcsuf-tewåtcsufudkvnf;odatmif wpfzef jyefNyD;awmh 0dyóem ½I&ygw,f/ ]y#d0dyóem}vkdYac:ygw,f/ tJ'D tcsdeftcgrSm a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu avmuDr*¾opömukdwpfzefjyefNyD; xkd;xGif;odygw,f/

aemufwpfckuawmh avmuD0dyóemÓPfESifh xdk;xGif;odtyfwJheda&m"opöm jzpfygw,f/ a,m*Dyk*d¾Kvfu O',AÁ,ÓPfydkif; a&mufwJhtcg t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uH qkdwJh ork',opömw&m;awGxif&Sm;jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;cE¨mig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;wdkY&JU xif&Sm;jzpfyHkukd odjrifatmif ½I&ovkd t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqkdwJhork',opöm taMumif;w&m;awGu t&[wår*faMumifh aemifwpfzefrjzpfaomcsKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifhcsKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtcg tusKd;cËmig;yg; 'ku©opömw&m;wdkYvnf; y&dedAÁmepkwdukd aemufqHk;xm;NyD;awmh aemifwpfzef rjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qdkwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;yHkudkvnf; 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfjzifh jrifatmif ½I&ygw,f/

'Dvdk taMumif;w&m;wkdY&JUcsKyfjcif;aMumifh tusKd;w&m;wkdY&JUcsKyfNidrf;yHkudk ½IjrifwwfwJh ÓPfudk ]ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPf}vkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ 'D ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfaMumifh a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf&JU ÓPfrSmeda&m"opömw&m;[m xif&Sm;vmygw,f/ (0dok'̈d-2-267/) -- taMumif;w&m;awGu aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qkdtyfwJh tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtwGuf taMumif;w&m;&SdwJhtusKd;w&m;awG&JU aemifwpfzefrjzpfaom csKyfjcif;vkdY ac:qdktyfwJh


tEkyÜg'eda&m"oabmtm;jzifh csKyfNidrf;yHkudk ypö,awm 0,'óeÓPfvkdY ac:qdkwJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dÓPfESifh udk,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufodjrifaewJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfygw,f/

'Dtydkif;rSmvnf; 'Dvkd eda&m"opömudk odaewJh 0dyóemor®m'd|dOD;aqmifwJh r*¾ifw&m;udk,fawG[mvnf; avmuDr*¾opömw&m; jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DavmuDr*¾opömw&m;awGukdvnf; wpfzef jyefNyD;awmh0dyóem½I&ygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh 'DavmuDr*¾opömw&m;awG[mvnf; jzpfjcif;-ysufjcif; 'Pfcsufjzifh tn§Of;yef; tESdyfpufcHae&wJh 'ku©opömw&m;awGom jzpfaomaMumifh jzpfygw,f/

r*¾or®m'd|d

4/ 'D0dyóemÓPfwkdY&JUtqHk;rSm tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk xkd;xGif;odum rsufarSmufjyKum jzpfay:vmwJht&d,r*fÓPfudk r*¾or®m'd|dvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ tJ'Dr*¾or®m'd|dESifh,SOfwGJaewJh r*¾ifw&m;udk,f (8)yg;u avmukwå&mr*¾opömw&m;awGjzpfMuygw,f/ xkdavmukwå&m r*¾opömw&m;wkdY&JU tm½HkjzpfwJh tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;uawmh avmukwå&meda&m"opöm w&m;awmfjrwfBuD; jzpfygw,f/

'Davmukwå&m t&d,r*fw&m;ac:wJh r*¾opömw&m;u eda&m"opöm edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm½HkjyKum xdkedAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;&JU tat;"mwf tNidrf;"mwf t&Sdeft0gowådxl;BuD;&JU tultnDukd&,lNyD; opömav;yg;ukd rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJh arm[udk y,f&Sm;vkdufygw,f/ 'gaMumifh avmukwå&mr*¾opömjzpfwJh t&d,r*fw&m;ueda&m"opöm edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;udk tm&r®Py#da0"oabmtm;jzifh tm½Hkwkduf½kduf rsufarSmufjyKum xkd;xGif;odw,f/ 'ku©opömork',opöm r*¾opömw&m;awGudkawmh rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJh


arm[udk y,f&Sm;aomtm;jzihf xkd;xGif;odw,f/ 'DvdkodrIrsKd;udkawmhudpöod'¨dtm;jzihf xkd;xGif;odjcif;vkdY ac:qkdygw,f? ygVdvdk toar®m[y#da0"vkdY ac:qkdygw,f/

zvor®m'd|d

5/ aemufor®m'd|duawmh t&d,r*fÓPf (= t&d,r*¾or®m'd|d)&JU aemufrSm tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;ukdyifvQif tm½Hk,lum qufvufjzpfay:vmwJh zvor®m'd|d jzpfygw,f?t&d,r*faMumifh &&SdwJh tusKd; or®m'd|d jzpfygw,f? avmukwå&mor®m'd|dyJ jzpfygw,f/

ckajymcJhwJh ig;rsKd;aom or®m'd|dawG[m owå0gwpfOD;udk tvGeftqifhtwef; jrifhrm;aewJh b0awGudk a&muf&Sdatmifvnf; ykdYaqmifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tm;&SdMuw,f? edAÁmefudk a&muf&Sdatmifvnf; ykdYaqmifay;EkdifwJh pGrf;tm;awG &SdMuw,f/

tu,fí 'Dor®m'd|d[m aomwmywådr*fÓPftqifhrSm &SdaewJhor®m'd|djzpfcJhr,fqdkvQif xdkor®m'd|dÓPftjrifESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;wpfOD;&JU 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfu tyg,fav;bHkrS uGif;vHk;uRwftNyD;wdkif uRwfatmif vGwfatmif xkwfaqmif u,fwifay;EkdifwJhpGrf;tm; &Sdaew,f/ vlUjynf ewfjynf jA[®mhjynfqkdwJh txufwef;uswJhbkHb0awGrSmom jzpfEkdifcGifh &Sdawmhw,f/

tu,fí ou'g*grdr*fÓPfqdkwJh r*¾or®m'd|d jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQifumrbHkrSm wpfBudrfom y#doaE¨tm;jzihf vmjzpfcGifh &Sdawmhw,f/

tu,fí tem*grdr*fÓPfqdkwJh r*¾or®m'd|d jzpfcJhr,fqdkvQif 'Dtem*grdr*¾or®m'd|dESifh jynfhpHkaewJh olawmfaumif;[m b,fawmhrSumrbHkukd y#doaËtm;jzifh jyefvmjcif;oabm r&Sdawmhbl;? umrbHkrS


uGif;vHk;uRwf vGwfajrmufoGm;NyD/ tu,fí tJ'D tem*grf olawmfaumif;twGuf b0qdkwm xif&Sm;&Sdaeao;w,fqdkvQif umr&m*-a'go-£óm-rpä&d,pwJh tukodkvfw&m;qdk;awG uif;aewJh tvGefYtvGef txufwef;uswJh jA[®mhjynfrSmom usifvnf&NyD; xdkjA[®mhjynfrSmyJ t&[wåzdkvfudk qdkufum b0udk tqHk;owf&rnfh olawmfaumif;wpfOD; jzpfygw,f/

'Dxuf tqifhjrifhwJh t&[wår*fÓPfqdkwJh t&[wår*¾or®m'd|djzpfcJhr,fqdkvQifawmh (31)bHktwGif;ü aemufxyfwpfzef y#doaË wnfae&wJh'ku©ç tdk&wJh'ku©ç em&wJh'ku©ç ao&wJh'ku© tp&SdwJh oHo&m0#fqif;&J 'ku©t00rS uGif;vHk;uRwf vGwfajrmufoGm;NyD jzpfw,f/aemufxyfwpfzef y#doaE¨ wnfae&jcif; Zmwdab;qdk;BuD;rS vGwfNyD?tdkab;qkd;BuD;rS vGwfNyD? emab;qkd;BuD;rS vGwfNyD? aoab;qkd;BuD;rSvGwfNyD/

'gaMumifh 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfynmawG[m owå0gwpfOD;udk qif;&J'ku©trsKd;rsKd;rS wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh xkwfaqmif u,fwifoGm;rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf qif;&J'ku©t00rS uRwfvkd vGwfvkdaewJh olawmfaumif; rSefcJhvQifç edAÁmefcsrf;om txG#fwyfxm;wJh csrf;omokc t00udk tm;&yg;&BuD; cHpm; pHpm;vkdwJh olawmfaumif;rSefcJhvQif 'Db0rSm 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfynmawGukd &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;xm;zdkY vkdygw,f/

tcGifhta&; qdkwmuawmh &cJwJhoabm &Sdwwfygw,f/ ckvdk ..omoemawmfESifh awGUqHk&jcif;ç omoemawmfudk ouf0if,HkMunfaewJho'¨gw&m; xif&Sm;&Sdaejcif;ç bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmftay:ü ,HkMunfcsuf o'̈gw&m; xif&Sm;&Sdaejcif;ç oDv orm"d ynmqkdwJh odu©moHk;&yftusifhjrwfawGudk wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh jzLpifwJh oDvwnf;[laomajray:rSm &yfwnfum orm"dwnf;[laom jrwfaom ausmufzsmxufü or®m'd|d ynmoefvsufudk jrjrxufatmif aoG;jcif; - qdkwJh


orx-0dyóem bm0emawGudk usifhEdkifwJhtcGifhta&;awG yGifhvef;vsuf&Sdjcif; pwJh 'DvkdtcGifhta&;awG[m tvGef&cJwJhoabm &Sdygw,f/'Dvkd &cJwJh b0wpfckudk &&SdaewJhtcsdeftcgrsKd;rSm rdrdwkdY&JUoEÅmefrSmtvGeftqifhtwef; jrifhrm;aewJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsKd;awGudk&&Sdatmif BudK;pm;zdkY vkdygw,f/

tu,fí 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfawGudk &&Sdatmif rBudK;pm;bJ ]]ykdaejrJusm;aejrJ}} yHkpHtwdkif; aecJhr,fqdkvQif bmjzpfrvJ¿ refvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u qdkqHk;rxm;w,f/ --

AmvtrI 'kp&dw[lonfonf;csmom;vS? oabmusavmh ...AmvtrI? 'kp&dw? 'kur®jzifh?

ygyravsmf? rolawmfum;? aeaomf aerSm;? oGm;aomf oGm;qdk;? raumif;usKd;wnfh? BudK;okdYvnf;Nid? ab;omxd&Sifh? jyKrdorQ? tjypf&cJh/ --

(rCa'0-pmydk'f-281/)

vlrdkufwpfOD;[m raumif;wJh 'kp½kdufrIawGrSm arGUavsmfaysmfykdufNyD;tESpfNcdKufBuD; ESpfNcdKufaew,f/ eHygwf-zdk; (4) pJGaewJh yHkpHrsKd; jzpfw,f/tJ'Dvdk 'kp½dkufawGrSm arGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKuf cHkrifaewJhtwGufbmjzpfvmovJ¿ twdwfu jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;cJhwJh tusKd;ay;csifaewJhraumif;rI tukodkvfuHawGqdkwm owå0gwdkif;vkdvkdrSm tenf;ESifhtrsm;awmh &SdwwfMuw,f? xdktukodkvfuHawGuvnf; tusKd;ay;zdkY&ef tcGifhomvmwwfwJh oabm&Sdw,f/

Oyrm - &Gmwpf&GmrSm &GmcHjzpfaewJh olckd;-"m;jyawGu odyfNyD;tm;aumif;aevQif ab;ywf0ef;usif&GmawGu olckd;"m;jyrsm;[mvnf;'D&Gmudk 0ifa&mufvmzkdY&eftwGuf tvGef vG,fulovkdyJ? yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,mufu raumif;rI tukodkvf 'kp½kdufawGudk oGufoGufvufvufESifhusL;vGefaew,fqkdvQif olUoEÅmefrSm tukodkvf 'kp½dkufawGu ae&m


awmfawmf cyfrsm;rsm; ,lxm;NyD;NyD/ 'Dvdk vufoGufoGuf ajcoGufoGufvnfvnfy,fy,f yg;yg;eyfeyf tukokdvf'kp½dkufawGudk vGefusL;aewJhyk*d¾Kvf&JUoEÅmefrSm twdwfb0 oHo&mxkdxkdu jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;cJhwJhraumif;wJh tukodkvfuHawGu tusKd;ay;zkdY&eftwGuf tcGifhtvrf;omaeNyD jzpfw,f/ ypöKyÜef tukodkvf'kp½dkufawGu twdwftukodkvfuHukd cyfjrefjref vma&muf tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef vufwGJac:,laeovkdwHwm;cif;ay;aeMuNyD? ]]vmyg vmyg}}vdkY BudKqdkaeovkd jzpfaeMuNyD/

'Dvkd tukodkvfuHawGu tusKd;ay;zkdY&ef tcGifhtvrf; omaewJhtwGuf bmjzpfvmovJ¿ b,fae&mudkyJoGm;oGm; aumif;wJhtm½HkESifhrawGU&wwfbl;? raumif;wJh tm½HkawGESifhom awGU& MuHK& qHk&wwfw,f? tvkdr&Sdtyf rjrwfEkd;tyf rESpfouftyfwJh tm½HktrsKd;rsKd;awGuwef;pDum zdwfac: BudKqdkaewwfw,f? b,fae&mukdyJoGm;oGm; aumif;wJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk rawGU&wwfbl;? raumif;wJh tvkdr&SdtyfwJhrESpfouf rjrwfEkd;tyfwJh tm½HkawGESifhom aygif;azmf,SOfwGJ rSD0Jae&wwfw,f/ tvm;wlyJ - b,fae&mrSmyJaeae tvkdr&Sdtyf rjrwfEkd;tyf rESpfouftyfwJh raumif;usKd;awGESifh awGU& MuHK& cH& pH&wwfw,f? tvdk&Sdtyf ESpfouftyf jrwfEkd;tyfwJh aumif;usKd;csrf;om r*FvmawGESifh ta0;BuD; a0;um tuGmBuD; uGmaewwfw,f/

b,fae&mrSmyJaeae b,fae&mudkyJoGm;oGm; raumif;usKd;trsKd;rsKd;ab;'ku© ab;tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;awGu BudK;ESifhcsnfxm;ovkd Nidaewwfw,f/ ab;'ku©trsKd;rsKd;ESifh tjrJwrf; &ifqdkifwkd;ae&wwfw,f/bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'kp½kdufqkdwmu olwpfyg;udk qif;&J'ku©a&mufapwwfwJh vkyfief;&yfawGom jzpfw,f/ wpfcsdefu 'kp½kdufawGudk rdrdvGefusL;cJhpOfu olwpfyg;awGukd qif;&J'ku©a&mufapovdkyJ 'D'kp½dkufuHawGu&ifhusufvmvkdY tusKd;ay;wJhtcg 'DuHawGu qif;&J'ku©trsKd;rsKd; ab;'ku©trsKd;rsKd; ab;tEÅ&m,ftoG,foG,fwkdYudk wef;pDum wpfckNyD;wpfck


jzpfapwwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh rdrd&JU jyKjyKorQ um,uHrI 0pDuHrIawG[mvnf; tm;vHk;vkdvkd tjypfawGcsnf; jzpfaewwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifhwpfcgwpf&H aumif;wmjyKaomfvnf; aumif;usKd;awGudk rawGU&ao;bJqdk;usKd;awGudkom awGUae&wwfygw,f/ ]uHqdk;r oGm;&m rdk;vdkufvkdY&Gm}qkdwJh udef;rsKd; qdkufaewwfw,f/

'gaMumifh - 'D AmvtrIvkdY ac:qdkwJh raumif;rI 'kp½kdufawGrSmarGUavsmf aysmfykduf ESpfNcdKufaewhJ pdwfxm;ukd 'Db0rSm rdrdwkdYu jyKjyifajymif;vJay;wwfzdkY vkdygw,f/ 'Dvdk jyKjyifajymif;vJrIqdkwmu 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfq,fck jrwfaumif;rIawGudktjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfjcif;jzifhom jyKjyifajymif;vJay;&rSmjzpfw,f/ 'Dvkd jyKjyifajymif;vJrI r&SdbJ 'kp½kdufrIawGESifhom oHo&mc&D;udk qufvufNyD; vrf;ovm;aeMur,fqdkvQif bmjzpfrvJ¿ --

wefcdk;ay:xif ukodkvf&Sif

wefcdk;ay:xif? ukodkvf&SifrS? vlwGifrn§dK;? pnf;pdrfNzdK;\/ usifh½kd;t&Sd?vrf;rSef odavmh? avmuD csrf;om? aemifzdkY &Smonfh? ynm&Sdaygif;?oljrwfaumif;wkdY? ESpfaxmif;0rf;om? jyKtyfpGm&Sifh? vlU&Gmaemufaemif?MuHwkdif;atmifvdrfh? om;armifoufESif;? usifhrysif;ESifh? aMumif;&if;Mur®m?uHrygvQif? MuH&mrNyD;? tcsnf;ESD;jzifh? ysufpD;wwfpGm? rcRwf&mwnfh?uvsmPm-uvsmP? usifhur®jzifh? yknç ygy? udpötrI? cJGa0½Iaomf?tukodkvfç ukokdvf? ESpfckukdvnf;? rjyKvkdcJ? jyKvdk&J\/ uHrGJ rajymif?uH raqmifvQif? *kPfa&mif rvS? rxGef;ybl;? 'ku©vlUabmif? qif;&Jacgifvdrfh? usifhaqmifr,kwf? apmifhukd,fEIwfESifh? OykofjA[®? p&d,vnf;?umvtpOf? tjrJ,SOfavmh? zJMuOfapwem? wpfnpmjzifh? t*Fgrysuf?aeYwpf0ufrQ? usKd;pufvGefatmif? rif;jzpfaqmif\/

(rCa'0-pmykd'f-289/)


'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmonfh ukodkvfw&m;jzifh rdrdwkdY&JUpdwf"mwfudk xHkrTrf;xm;wJh ukodkvf&SifawGrSm wefckd;ay:xifw,f/vlUb0wGif nd§K;EGrf;rI r&SdbJ pnf;pdrfOpömwkdYjzifh NzdK;a0


ukodkvf tukodkvfwdkY&JU oabmu 'D ukokdvf tukokdvfwkdYudk rjyKcsifbl;qdkvQifvnf; jyKvkyfzkdY&ef tifrwef cJ,Of;aewwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ 'if;wkdYudk jyKcsifvmNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQifvnf; ukodkvfudkyJjzpfjzpfç tukodkvfukdyJjzpfjzpf jyKvkyfzdkY&ef tvGefvG,fulwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ &J&J0Hh0HhjyKjzpfvmw,f/

]]uHrGJ rajymif? uH raqmifvQif? *kPfa&mif rvS? rxGef;ybl;? 'ku©vlUabmif? qif;&Jacgifvdrfh?}}

tusKd;ay;aewJh ukodkvfuHawGu tm;r&SdawmhvkdY txufudk jr§ifhwifay;EdkifwJh pGrf;tifawG r&SdMuawmhbl;qdkvQif *kPfa&mifawGvnf;rvSawmhbl;? wjznf;jznf; usqif;oGm;NyD/

wcsKdUyk*d¾KvfawGqkdvQif twdwfu ukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gaMumifh vljzpfvm&aomfvnf; 'D ukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gawGu avsmhoGm;NyDqkdvQiftouft&G,f BuD;&ifhwJh tcsdeftcgusrS pD;yGm;a&;awG om;a&;awGorD;a&;awG usef;rma&;awG tppt&m&mawG tm;vHk; tqifrajyjzpfoGm;Muw,f/ awmufajymifaewJh *kPft&Sdeft0gawG[m tukefvHk;ysufpD;oGm;wwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh --

]]usifhaqmifr,kwf? apmifhudk,fEIwfESifh? OykofjA[®? p&d,vnf;?umvtpOf? tjrJ,SOfavmh? zJMuOfapwem? wpfnpmjzifh? t*Fgrysuf?aeYwpf0ufrQ? usKd;pufvGefatmif? rif;jzpfaqmif\/}}

um,uH pifMu,frI &Sdatmifç 0pDuH pifMu,frI &Sdatmifç raemuHpifMu,frI &Sdatmif jznfhusifhyg/ Oykof-oDwif; usifhoHk;yg/ omoemhjA[®p&d, r*¾jA[®p&d,ac:wJh rGefjrwfaom oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOfynmusifhpOfawGukd r*fqdkuf zkdvfqdkufonfhwdkifatmif jznfhusifhyg/aeYwpf0ufrQ apmifhoHk;tyfwJh OykofoDvuaomfvnf; rif;jzpfatmifydkYaqmifay;EkdifwJhoabm &Sdw,f/


aool ESifh raool

]]q,fyg; ynwf? ukodkvf&yfudk? jyKtyfNyD;onf? vl wrnfum;?vlUjynf ewfyJG? &rcJwnf;? ,lpJGrkcs? ,Gif;rcGbl;/}}

'gaMumifh 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfq,fckjrwfaumif;rIawGukd atmifatmifjrifjrif jynfhjynfhpHkpHk jyKpkysKd;axmifxm;NyD;wJh vlom;wpfOD;om jzpfygap? a&SUuajymcJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPftjrifig;rsKd;ESifhom jynfhpHkygap - 'Dvlom;wpfOD;twGuf vlUjynf-ewfjynfvlUcsrf;om-ewfcsrf;omqdkwJh oHo&mcsrf;omawG[m &&SdzdkY&ef rcufcJawmhNyD? usdef;ao &&SdEdkifNyDjzpfw,f/ pwkopöor®m'd|dqdkwJh rSefuefwJhtodtjrif &&Sdxm;NyD;wJh 'Dolawmfaumif;tzdkY oHo&mc&D;rSm t,l0g'&JUazmufjyef ajymif;vJoGm;jcif;qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;[m b,fawmhrSr&SdEdkifawmhbl;/

]]'ge oDv? ukovü? vHkYvvTwfavsmh? av;zifhayghí? arhavsmhaomol? olao [l\/ -- tvSLoDwif;? ruif;bm0em? rcsm&ufaeY?rarhavsmhwwf? xkdoljrwfwdkY? vl ewf cËm? ajymif;vJumvQif? csrf;omokc? rysufMuaMumifh? b0oabm? a&GUavsmjcif;[l? pkwdrlvnf;? aoolrrnf? [lwHkonfwnf;/}} (rCa'0-pmydk'f-291/)

'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;awGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifzkdY&ef rBudK;pm;bJ arharhavsmhavsmh ayghayghqq aexkdifum'DukodkvfawGudk jyKpkysKd;axmifzdkY vHkYv0D&d,ukd vTwfcsxm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGudk vlaoawGvkdY ac:qdkygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;awGudk atmifatmifjrifjrif tjyif;txef BudK;pm;tm;xkwfygrS txufrSm ajymjycJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPftjriftrsKd;rsKd;awGukd &&SdrSm jzpfw,f/

'D or®m'd|d ÓPftjrifawGu txl;ojzifh - 0dyóemor®m'd|d-


r*¾or®m'd|d-zvor®m'd|dqkdwJh 'Dor®m'd|dÓPfawGu rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefudk a&mufatmif ykdYaqmifay;rSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dor®m'd|d ÓPftjrifawGudk r&&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawGç &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI r&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawG[m rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefudk b,fvkdrS r&&SdEkdifbl;/

rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefokdY ra&muf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfawG[m wpfb0NyD;wpfb0 aoaeMu&rSmcsnf; jzpfw,f? aovkdY rqHk;Edkifawmhbl;/ 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGtwGuf tyg,fav;bHkqdkwJh wHcg;BuD;u tjrJwrf; yGifhaew,f/ tyg,fav;bHkodkY a&muf&SdoGm;wJh yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muftwGuf tkd-em-aoa&; 'ku©ab;rS vGwfajrmufzkdYqkdwJh tcGifhtvrf;onf tvGeftvSrf;a0;vsuf &Sdaew,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ tkd-em-aoa&; 'ku©ab;rSvGwf&mvGwfaMumif;jzpfwJh orx-0dyóemuJhodkYaom w&m;aumif;awGudk usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfzdkYqdkwJh tcGifhta&;u tyg,fav;bHkrSm r&&SdEkdif jzpfaejcif;aMumifh jzpfw,f/

yHkpHwpfck xkwfjy&vQifawmh 'k-o-e-aomqkdwJh olaX;om; (4)OD;wkdYjzpfMuygw,f/ 'DolaX;om; (4)OD;wkdY[m 'DaeY avm[ukrÇDi&JrSmyJ wnf&Sdaewkef;yJ jzpfygw,f/ i&JrS vGwfcsifuRwfcsifwJh tmomqÉ"mwfawGçoDv-orm"d-ynm odu©moHk;&yf tusifhjrwfawGudk jzLjzLpifpifESifhjznfhusifhcsifwJh tmomqÉ"mwfawGu b,fvkdyif jyif;jyayrJhvkdY olwdkYvlUb0wkef;u vGefusL;cJhwJh tukodkvfuH t&Sdeft0gawGu rukefao;awmh tJ'Di&JrS uRwfcGifh vGwfcGifhudk b,fvkdrS r&&SdEkdif jzpfaeMuw,f/rao&m tNrdKufedAÁmefokdYa&mufaMumif; usifhpOfaumif;awGudk rusifhEdkifjzpfaeMuw,f/ i&JrS uRwfcGifhvGwfcGifh r&ao;awmh 'Di&JrSmyJ 'Dtyg,fav;bHkrSmyJ aemufxyf xyfumxyfum ao&rnfhoabm &Sdw,f/

'gaMumifh - udk,fusifhoDvuvnf; raumif;wJhç 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJhukodkvfa&;vkyfief;&yfawGrSmvnf; arharhavsmhavsmhayghayghqq aeaewJhç om;ESifhaysmf orD;ESifhaysmf ZeD;ESifhaysmf ypönf;


awGESifhaysmf umr*kPfawGESifh taysmfBuD; aysmfaewJh yk*d¾KvfawG[maemufxyfwpfzef tyg,fav;bHkrSma&m oHo&mc&D;rSma&m Budrfzefrsm;pGm xyfumxyfum aoaus&rnfh oabm&SdwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*¾dKvfawGudk bk&m;&Sifu --

a, yrwåm ,xm rwm/ ("r®y')

toufyif&Sifaeaomfvnf; aoolawGvdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ rao&mtNrdKufedAÁmefodkY oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;ay:okdY ra&muf&Sdao;wJh yk*d¾KvfawG jzpfMuygw,f/

'gayrJh 'ge-oDv-orx-0dyóem tpjzmwJh ukodkvfw&m;wdkYudkrarhravsmh tjyif;txef vHkYvBudK;ukwftm;xkwfaewJh olawmfoljrwfwdkY[m txufrSmajymcJhwJh or®m'd|dÓPfynmtrsKd;rsKd;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkvmwJhtcg 'Dpwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfawGu 'Dolawmfaumif;awGudk rao&mtNrdKufedAÁmefodkY {uefxkwfacsmuf a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*¾dKvfawG[m y&dedAÁmefrpHrDtwGif;0,f b0wpfckrS b0wpfckokdY a&GUavsmjcif;oabm &SdayrJhvkdY olwdkY r*fÓPfzkdvfÓPfwdkYjzifhxkd;xGif;odjrifxm;wJh &&Sdxm;wJh edAÁmefcsrf;om w&m;awmfjrwfBuD;[mysufpD;oGm;½kd;"r®wm a&GUavsmoGm;½kd;"r®wm r&SdwJhtwGuf 'Dyk*d¾KvfrsKd;awGudkawmh aoolawGvkdY rac:bl;/ bk&m;&Sifuvnf; --

tyÜrwåm e rD,EÅd? ("r®y')

raowJholawGvdkY 'Dvkd a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ olwdkY&&Sdxm;wJhedAÁmefcsrf;omBuD;om rysufpD;onf r[kwfbl;/ 'Dolawmfaumif;awGtzdkYoHo&mc&D;qdkwm &SdaeOD;r,fqdkvQif olwdkY&&SdEkdifwJh ok*wdqdkwJh csrf;omBuD;[mvnf; rysufpD;Ekdifbl;/ b,fvkd rysufpD;EkdifovJ¿ vlcsrf;omukdtvdk&SdvQif vlcsrf;omukdç ewfcsrf;omudk tvdk&SdvQif ewfcsrf;omukdçjA[®mcsrf;omudk tvdk&SdvQif jA[®mcsrf;omukd vG,fvG,fESifh &&SdEkdifyg


w,f/ olwdkY &&Sdxm;wJh or®m'd|dÓPfOD;aqmifaewJh ukokdvfuHawGu'Dvdkcsrf;omawGudk a&muf&Sdatmif usdef;ao aqmif&Gufay;MurSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dvdk csrf;omawGu a&GUavsmNyD;awmh tyg,fav;bHkodkY jyefvnfa&muf&Sdjcif;qdkwJh 'Doabmw&m;awG[m b,fvkdrS rjzpfEkdif r&SdEdkifbl;/

'gaMumifh olwdkY&&SdwJh csrf;omokcudk jrJw,fvkdYajymjcif; jzpfygw,f/'Dvkd csrf;omokcawGudk &&SdyHkESifh ywfoufvdkY 'DaeYrSm bkef;BuD;uvnf;pdwåol


tm;vHk;aygif;vkdufawmh trSwfrSm;rI (= onm0dyv’mo)u (4)rsKd;çtodrSm;rI (= pdwå0dyv’mo)u (4)rsKd;ç t,lrSm;rI (= 'd|d0dyv’mo)u(4)rsKd;? aygif; - 0dyv’mo (12)rsKd; jzpfygw,f/

'Dae&mrSm tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awGudk edpö-okc-twå-okbvdkY trSwfrSm;rI todrSm;rI t,lrSm;rI jzpfae&m 'Dtedpöw&m;-'ku©w&m;-tewåw&m;-tokbw&m;awGu bmawGvJvkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/

tedpöEÅd cE¨yÍöuH/ (0dok'd̈-2-276/)

tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awGqdkwm Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg;ukdyJqdkvkdygw,f? wpfenf;ajymvQifawmh ocFg&w&m;tm;vHk; jzpfMuygw,f/

oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpöm 'ku©m tewåm ...ponfjzifh bk&m;&Sifua[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJhtwGuf ocFg&w&m;tm;vHk;[m tedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/

'Dtedpö-'ku©-tewå-tokbjzpfwJh 'DocFg&w&m;awGudk y&rwfodkYÓPftjrifqkdufatmif xGif;azmuf rodwJhtwGuf edpöyJ-okcyJ-twåyJ-okbyJvkdY 'Dvkd trSwfrSm;rI-todrSm;rI-t,lrSm;rIqdkwJh azmufjyefcRwf,Gif;aewJh 'DrSm;,Gif;csuf 0dyv’mow&m;awG[m rdrdwdkY&JU oEÅmefrSmwnf&SdaewJhtcg y&rw¬opömw&m;awGudk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;rodatmif zHk;vTrf;xm;wJharm[uvnf; tvGeftm;aumif;aeNyDqdkvQif 'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u t,l0g'wpfckckudk oGm;NyD; pGJ,lrdr,fqdkvQif'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfrsKd;[m t,l tifrwef oD; (onf;) wwfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsKd; jzpfwwfw,f? y&rw¬opöm trSefw&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfynmrsufpdumPf;aevdkY jzpfygw,f/

'Dvdk yk*¾dKvfrsKd;awG[m t0Dpdi&J txG#fwyfxm;wJh tyg,f (4)bHkudka&mufapEkdifwJh pGrf;tifawG tjynfht0&SdaewJh 'kp½dkufawGukd rjyKrusifh


ygESifhvkdY wm;jrpfaomfvnf; wm;jrpfvkdYr&Ekdif &Sdwwfw,f/ qHk;rpum;ukdvufrcHvkdwJh pdwfxm;awGuom olU&JU pdwftpOfrSm vTrf;rdk;aewwfw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ¿ trSwfawGuvnf; rSm;aeNyD? todawGuvnf;rSm;aeNyD? t,lawGuvnf; rSm;aeNyD/

tedpöw&m;awGukd edpövdkY rSwfw,f? edpövkdY odw,f? edpövkdY ,HkMunfw,f/ raeYuvnf; ]]ighom;yJ}}? 'DaeYvnf; ]]ighom;yJ}}? eufjzefvnf;]]ighom;yJ}}/ raeYuvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}}? 'DaeYvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}}? eufjzefvnf; ]]ighorD;yJ}} - ponfjzifh trSwfrSm;rI todrSm;rI t,lrSm;rIawGuol&JUpdwftpOfrSm ae&mtjynfh ,lxm;wJhtwGufaMumihf jzpfw,f/

tvm;wlyJ 'ku©jzpfaewJh w&m;awGudk okcvdkYç tewåjzpfaewJhw&m;awGukd twåvkdYç tokbjzpfaewJh w&m;awGudk okbvkdY trSwfrSm;aew,f todrSm;aew,f t,lrSm;aew,f pGJvrf;,HkMunfaew,f/

tJ'Dvkd pGJvrf;csufawGuvnf; odyftm;aumif;vmNyD arm[w&m;awGuvnf; odyfzdpD;vTrf;rkd;vmNyD qkdvkdY&SdvQif 'D'kp½dkufawGudk rvGefusL;ygESifhvdkY 'Dyk*¾dKvfrsKd;udk oGm;ajymayrJhvkdY - olUrSm 'D'kp½kdufawGudkpGefYvTwfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;r&Sd jzpfwwfw,f/ pGefYvTwfEdkifwJh pGrf;tm;awGur&SdjzpfcJhvQif rSm;,Gif;aewJh 'DtusifhudkyJ tvGefaumif;rGef rSefuefaewJhedAÁmefuJhodkYaom csrf;omxl;BuD;ukd jzpfapwwfwJh usifhpOfwpfcktjzpfvnf; pGJ,lwwfw,f/ 'gwGifvm;qdkawmh ruao;bl; --

]]ynmtm;enf;? o'¨gonf;u? t&nf;rnfum? ,lrdpämü? o'¨gav;jrwf? qnf;uyfwwf\/}}

yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m opöm (4)yg; trSefw&m;ukd xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfqdkwJh ynm"mwfu odyftm;enf;aew,f/odkYaomf MunfndKo'̈guawmh awmfawmfav;udk aumif;aew,f/ tJ'Dvkd yk*¾dKvfawGusawmh bmjzpfwwfjyefovJ¿ --


]]t&nf;rnfum? ,lrdpämü? o'¨gav;jrwf? qnf;uyfwwf\}}-wJh/

[kda&S;acwfuawmh &[ef;awmfrsm;ukd t&nf;vkdY ac:qkdMuygw,f/txl;ojzifhawmh t&nf;qdkwm &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrsm;udkac:wJh trnfwpfrsKd;jzpfygw,f/ emrnfuawmh t&nf; (= &[ef;) rSefw,f/ 'gayrJh t,l0g'u rdpämt,lawGukd ,laew,f/ &[ef;jzpfygvsuf &wemoHk;yg;udkausmay;NyD; rif;BuD;-rif;uav;udk udk;uG,fw,f? bkd;bdk;BuD;udk ukd;uG,fw,f? txufq&mBuD;awGukd ukd;uG,fw,f? 0dZÆm"kd&fa,mufsm;awGukdukd;uG,fw,f - ponfjzifh &wemoHk;yg;&JU tjyifbufrSm&SdwJh t&m0w¬KawGudk ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfaewwfw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfaewJhbkef;BuD;awGukdvnf; 'g,um 'g,dumrawGu wpfqifhjyefNyD; ukd;uG,fMujyefw,f/

aemufwpfck jzpfwwfyHk &Sdao;w,f/ ]]bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;wJh'D½kyf'DemrfawGukd 0dyóemr½Ivnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefukd &Ekdifygw,f/'Dt0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqkdwJh twdwftaMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh cËmig;yg; (= ½kyfemrf)w&m;wkdYjzpfyHkukd r½Ivnf; r*fzkdvfedAÁmefudk&Ekdifygw,f/}} 'Dvkd yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;OD;u vmajymcJhvQifvnf; 'DvdkajymwJhyk*d¾KvfrsKd;ukd ,HkMunfpdwfcspGmjzifh oGm;a&mufum ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfwwfjyefw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ¿ rdrdukd,fwdkifu pwkopöor®m'd|dÓPfukd[kwfwdkif;rSefpGm r&&Sdao;aomaMumifh jzpfw,f/ aemufwpfck --

]]y&rwft&m? rvdr®mbJ? o'¨g EkHYeJ? ynmuJvnf;? tvGJajy;0if?tjrif,Gif;cG? wdrf;yg;Muvsuf? rD;jyorm;? wGif;uRHrSm;okdY? q,fyg;aumif;rI? vSL0w¬Kukd? pGefYjyKrvTwf? pdwåKyÜg'frQ? 'getvSL? ajrmufaom[lí? t,lazmufvGJ? rdpämpJG\/}}

yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf[m y&rw¬ÓPfynmrsufpd r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfw&m;awGudk y&rwfodkYqkdufatmif [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh


udk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ emrfw&m;awGudkvnf; y&rwfodkY ÓPftjrifqdkufatmif or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmufxGif;azmufrodbl;/ t0dZÆm-wPSm-Oyg'gef-ocFg&-uHqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awGaMumifh tusKd;cËmig;yg;wdkY xif&Sm;jzpfay:yHkukdvnf; or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifh ukd,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom 'Dy&rwf ½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabm-tokboabmawGudkvnf; or®m'd|dÓPfynmjzifhudk,fwkdifrsufarSmuf xGif;azmufrodbl;/ 'Dvdk rodrIawGudk wpfyHkBuD;xrf;um oHo&mrSm vrf;ovm;aewJh olawG[m ]]y&rwft&m rvdr®mwJh}}yk*d¾KvfawG jzpfMuw,f/

'Dvkd y&rwft&mrSm vdr®muRrf;usifrIr&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf[my&rwft&mrSm rvdr®m½HkwGifomru &wemoHk;wef uH-uH&JUtusKd;w&m;wkdYtay:ü ,HkMunfcsuf o'¨gw&m;uvnf; odyftm;enf;aeNyDqkdMupdkY/ 'gayrJh ynmu vGefuJaejyefw,f/ bmynmawG vGefuJovJvkdY ar;vQifawmh tajzuawmh - y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd r&SdayrJhvkdYwpfenf;ajym&vQifawmh t"d*rokwac:wJh usifhodjzifh xkd;xGif;odxm;wJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd r&SdayrJhvkdY wjcm;wjcm; A[kokwa&;&mynmt&yf&yfawGudkawmh olu uRrf;usifw,f/ wpfenf;ajymvQifawmhy&d,wfw&m; tawmftwefudkvnf; oifodtaeESifhawmh odxm;w,f/ tJ'Dvdk uRrf;usifvmNyDqdkvQifawmh bmjzpfvmwwfovJ¿

'Dyk*¾dKvfu pGJ,lNyD - ]]tdk ...'geqkdwm oGm;NyD;jyKaezdkY rvdkygbl;/pdwfxJuae pdwful;ESifh vSLaevQifvnf; 'geukodkvf jzpfygw,f}} qkdNyD;awmh 'Dvdk azmufvGJazmufjyef rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif;ESifh rdpämt,l0g'awGudkoGm;NyD; pGJaewwfw,f/ rD;jyorm; wGif;uRHrSm;odkY jzpfwwfw,f/

ntcgrSm awmvrf;c&D;udk oGm;Mu&m a&SUu rD;jywJhyk*d¾Kvfu wGif;xJ


acsmufxJ usoGm;NyDqkdvQif aemufu vkdufvmwJholawG[m vrf;rSefay:odkYa&mufzkdY vrf;rSeftwdkif; c&D;qufzdkYqkdwm tvGefcufcJoGm;NyD/

'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ - y&rwft&m rvdr®mbJ o'¨g EkHYeJ ynmuJvmygut,lazmufvGJum edAÁmefa&mufaMumif;r[kwfwJh rdpämt,l0g'awGudkedAÁmefokdY a&mufaMumif; usifhpOftjzpf rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif; pGJ,laewwfw,f/ tJ'Dvkd pGJNyDqdkvQif bmjzpfvmwwfovJ¿

]]vdyfcJyrm? jrJjrHpGmvsuf? owå0gwpfa,muf? ,lrSm;arSmufukd? odef;avmuf bk&m;? vSefaomtm;jzifh? a[mMum;acscRwf? ajzrvGwfbl;/}}

t,l0g'wpfckukd pGJNyDqdkvdkY&SdvQif vdyfcJwJhyHkpHESifh pGJwwfw,f/ vdyfrsm;u t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk udkufvdkufNyDqdkvQif vG,fvG,fESifh b,fawmhrSrvTwfbl;? odyfNyD; jrJjrJjrHjrH ukdufcJwwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/ tJ'DyHkpHtwkdif;yJ yk*d¾Kvfwpfa,muf[m y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpduvnf; r&SdbJo'̈guvnf; EHkYeJvmNyDqdkvQif wjcm;wjcm; A[kokwa&;&m ÓPfynmawGuvnf; odyfxufjrufvmNyD qdkvdkY&SdvQif t&m0w¬Kwpfckudk vdyfuae ukdufcJxm;onfh yHkpHtwkdif; rSm;,Gif;azmufjyefaewJh rdpämt,l0g'awGudk jrJjrJjrHjrHESifh pGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;wwfwJhoabm &Sdw,f/

tJ'Dvkd jrJjrJjrHjrH pGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;NyD pGJ,lxm;NyD qdkvQifawmh 'DvdkpGJvrf; qkyfukdifxm;wJh owå0gwpfa,muf[m rSm;,Gif;aeNyD jzpfw,f/'Dvkd rSm;,Gif;aewJh t,l0g'udk vufqkyfvufukdif pGJ,lxm;wJh owå0gwpfa,mufudk tqlwpfodef;rQaom bk&m;&SifwkdYu olU&JU rSm;,Gif;aewJht,l0g'awGukd ajymif;jyefvSefNyD; rSefuefwJh w&m;"r®awGudk a[mjyumvma&muf acscRwfayrJhvkdY b,fvkdrS ruRwfEkdifwJh oabm&Sdw,f/

]]tuRwfr&? ed,wjzifh? 0g'tvdk? ajrBuD; rsKdvnf;? ,ludk pGefYbJ?tusifhvGJí? i&JcHvdrfhrnfaomaMumifh/}} (rCa'0-pmykd'f-319/)

'Dvdk tuRwfr&wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;[m jrJjrHpGm qkyfudkifxm;wJh rdrd&JUt,l0g'udk ajrrsKdawmif rpGefYvTwfbJ &Sdaewwfw,f/ rrSefruefrSm;,Gif;aewJh tusifhukdyJ qufvuf usifhaewwfw,f/ 'DrSm;,Gif;azmufjyefwJh usihfpOfawGaMumifh aoonf\ tjcm;rJhü i&JodkY a&muf&SdEdkifwJh oabm&Sdaew,f? apwd,rif;wkdYvkd jzpfwwfygw,f/

'gaMumifh w&m;emy&dowfjzpfMuwJh 'g,umBuD;awG 'g,dumrBuD;awG ...,ckvkd omoemawmfjrwfBuD;ESifh awGUckduf MuHKckduf qHkcdkufrSmtJ'Dvkd t,l0g' azmufvJGaewJh 'Drdpämt,l0g'udk vdyfcJyrm jrJjrHpGmpGJvrf;qkyfudkifxm;wJhç wpfodef;avmufaom bk&m;&SifwkdY 0kdif;cRwfaomfvnf; ruRwfEdkifwJh b0rsKd;udk ra&mufatmif 'DaeY-'Dv-'DESpfawGrSmrdrdwdkY&JUoEÅmefü --

½kyfawGemrfawGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmodwJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdçtaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;awGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm odwwfwJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdç taMumif;w&m;ESifhwuGaom 'D½kyfemrfwkdY&JU tedpöoabm-'ku©oabm-tewåoabm-tokboabmawGudk [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm xkd;xGif;odwwfwJh odaewJh y&rwfÓPfynmrsufpdç tocFw"mwf tNidrf;"mwf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfBuD;ukd xGif;azmufodjrifaewJhy&rwfÓPfynmrsufpd? 'Dvdk tqifhtwef; jrifhrm;wJh ynmrsufpdawGudk &&Sdatmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfxm;zkdY vdktyfygw,f/

'DynmrsufpdawG &&Sda&;twGuf tyg,f0#fqif;&JpwJh oHo&m0#fqif;&J 'ku©BuD;rS vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOfynmusifhpOfawGudk tpDtpOfwus wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh jrifhoxufjrifhatmif &ifhoxuf&ifhatmif usifhMuHBudK;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfzdkYtvGef vkdtyfygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk tm;xkwfoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvfawGxJu twk,lzG,f&maumif;wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;uawmh pdwåol

tcef; (2)

*dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif;

edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; usifhpOfawGxJu pdwåoH,kwfü vm&SdwJh *dvme'óeokwåefudk jynfwnfNyD;awmh emrnfausmfjzpfwJh pdwåol


pdwåol

*dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; ] 33

ewftaygif;awG pka0;NyD;awmh pdwåol


apmihfa&SmufaeMuwJh aqGrsKd;awG rdwfaqGawG &SdMuw,f/ 'DaqGrsKd;om;csif;awG rdwfaqGawGu ewfawGajymwJh pum;oHudkawmh rMum;Mu&bl;? pdwåol


wpfaeY y,fpGefYoGm;&rnfh oabmw&m;om jzpfw,fvkdY oif 'Dvkd ajymaew,f/ bmaMumifh oif 'Dvkd ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;jrnfwrf;NyD; ajymae&ovJvkdY}} ab;u 0kdif;NyD; ajymMuw,f/

]]ig[m ua,mifuwrf; a,mif,rf;NyD; ajymaewm r[kwfbl;/tm&mrfapmifhewfawGç awmapmifhewfawGç opfyifapmifhewfawGçaq;yifawG jrufyifawG awmpkd;opfyifawGrSm pkd;tkyfNyD; aexkdifwJhewftaygif;awGu pk½kH;NyD;awmh ighukd vmajymaeMuw,f/

]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/]yPda"[d *[ywd tem*wr'¨geH &mZm tóH puú0wåD}wd/

]pdwåol


pdwåol


yk*¾dKvfjzpfw,f? uvsmP"r®ac:wJh aumif;wJh w&m;"r®awGESifh jynfh0aewJh olawmfaumif;vnf; jzpfw,f/ 'Dpdwåol

'gayrJhvkdY iguvnf; 'DewfawGukd ]]'DpMu0aw;rif;&JU pnf;pdrf[mvnf; jzpfNyD; ysufaewJh tedpöoabmw&m;om rSefw,f? rckdifcHhwJht'¨K0oabmw&m;om rSefw,f? wpfaeY y,fpGefYoGm;&rnfh w&m;omrSefw,fvkdY}} igu 'Dvkdjyefajymaewm qkdNyD;awmh pdwåol

tcef; (3)

pdwåol


yifhzdwfNyD;awmh tvSL'geawGudk tBuD;tus,f jyKvkyfygw,f/ tBuD;tus,f jyKNyD;awmh bmvkyfovJ? trsKd;om;"r®uxdu{w'*f&mxl;udkqkawmif;yefxGmcJhygw,f/

qkawmif;yefxGmwJhtwGuf .. 'Dqkawmif;yefxGmrIawG jynfhpHkEdkifovm;vdkY 'Dvdkawmh ar;p&m&Sdygw,f/ tJ'DtcsufESifh ywfoufNyD;awmhbkef;BuD;wkdY bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;xm;awmfrlwJh t*¾yÜom'okwåefudkenf;enf; 'Dae&mrSm Mum;n§yfNyD; emMunfhMu&atmif/ t*¾yÜom'okwåefuawmh t*FkwådK&fygVdawmfrSm vm&Sdygw,f/

t*¾yÜom'okwåef

t*¾awm a0 yoEémeH? t*¾H "r®H 0dZmewH/ta*¾ Aka'¨ yoEémeH? 'u©daPa,s tEkwåa&/

ta*¾ "ar® yoEémeH? 0d&m*lyoar okac/ta*¾ oHaC yoEémeH? yknau©awå tEkwåa&/

t*¾o®ð 'geH ''wH? t*¾H yknH y0×wd/t*¾H tm,k p 0aPÖm p? ,aom udwåd okcH AvH/

t*¾ó 'gwm ar"m0D? t*¾"r®orm[dawm/a'0blawm rEkaóm 0g? t*¾yÜawåm yarm'wd/

(tH-1-344/)

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudk/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ [qkawmif;rnfh yk*¾dKvfawGbufrSmjynfhpHk&rnfh ta&;tBuD;qHk; t*Fg&yfwpfckyJaemf/]

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfudk/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ a0 = a0 = a0 = a0 = a0 = pifppf{uef trSeftm;jzifh/t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm =t*¾awm = tomqHk; tjrwfqHk;jzpfwJh &wemoHk;yg;ü/ yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH = yoEémeH =MunfndKMuukefaom olwdkYtm;vnf;aumif;/

pdwåol


===== ynm&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfonf/ a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = a'0blawm 0g = ewfjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = rEkaóm 0g = rEkóblawm 0g = vljzpfaomfvnf;aumif;/ t*¾- t*¾- t*¾- t*¾- t*¾-yawåm =yawåm =yawåm =yawåm =yawåm = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;okdY a&muf&Sd&onfjzpfí/ yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = yarm'wd = ESpfouf&Tifys 0rf;ajrmuf&ayownf;/

(om"k om"k om"k)

avmurSm &wem[lorQwkdYwGif tomqkH; tjrwfqkH; &wemubk&m;&wem w&m;&wem oHCm&wemqdkwJh &wemokH;yg;yJ jzpfygw,f/

tJ'D &wemokH;yg;ukd MunfndKaewJh yk*¾dKvfawG&JU oEÅmefrSmaomfvnf;aumif;ç tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh 'D&wemokH;yg;ukd vSL'gef;aewJhyk*¾dKvfawG&JU oEÅmefrSmaomfvnf;aumif; tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJhaumif;rIukokdvfawG[m wdk;yGm;vmw,f/ tvSL&Sifbufu jynfhpkH&rnfht*Fg&yfu bmvJvkdYar;awmh --

t*¾H "r®H 0dZmewH/

t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H =t*¾H "r®H = tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd/0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH =0dZmewH = od&SdMuukefonfjzpfí/ - 'DtaMumif;av; wpfcsuf ygw,f/

tomqkH;tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd odNyD;wJhtcg od&SdaewJh xkdolawmfaumif;u tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;rSmaumif;rIukokdvfjyKcJhvQif tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awG&Ekdifw,fwJh/ tJ'D tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awGu bmawGvJvkdYar;awmh tomqkH; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh touf&Snfjcif;ç tqif;vSjcif;ç tjcHt&Hrsm;jcif;ç *kPfowif;ausmfapmjcif;ç ukd,fcsrf;omjcif;pdwfcsrf;omjcif;ç ukd,ftm;BuD;jcif; ÓPftm;BuD;jcif;qkdwJh 'DtomqHk;tjrwfqkH; tusKd;w&m;awGyJ jzpfMuw,f/

'gaMumifh tomqHk; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGESifhjynfhpkHNyD;wJh tcsdeftcgrSm tomqHk; tjrwfqkH;jzpfwJh &wemokH;yg;ukd

pdwåol


t&d,r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfwdkYudk &&SdwJhtcgrSm y#dorÇd'gÓPfwdkYudkyg yl;wGJNyD; &&SdawmfrlMuygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gÓPftaMumif;t&mESifh ywfoufvdkY0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxm 'kwd,wGJ pmrsufESm (70) ponfrSm zGifhqdkxm;wJhzGifhqdkcsuftcsKdUukd aumufEkwfNyD; wifjyvdkygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gÓPfawmfjrwf av;yg; &Sdygw,f/ bmawGvJ¿ --

1/ tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPfç2/ "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPfç3/ ed½kwådy#dorÇd'gÓPfç4/ y#dbmey#dorÇd'gÓPf - qdkNyD; av;yg; &Sdygw,f/

tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf

tw¬qdkwmu tusKd;w&m;udk qdkvdkygw,f/ y#dorÇd'gqdkwmuawmh xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudk qdkvdkygw,f/ tb,ftusKd;w&m;awGudk xkd;xGif;odovJvdkYqdkvQif 'ku©opöm trnf&wJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk xdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfudk qdkvdkygw,f/

0dok'd̈r*¾t|uxmuawmh --

a[wkzvH [d ,o®m a[wktEkoma&e t&d,wd t"d*rd,wdorÜmykPd,wd? wo®m taw¬mwd 0kpöwd/ (0dok'd̈-2-70/)

[d =[d =[d =[d =[d = rSef\/ a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = a[wkzvH = taMumif;\tusKd;udk/ ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = ,o®m = tMuifaMumifh/ a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = a[wktEkoma&e = jzpfapwwfaom edAÁwåutaMumif;çodapwwfaom ÓyutaMumif;ç aumif;pGma&mufapwwfaomorÜmyutaMumif;[lonfh taMumif;oHk;yg;udk tpOfavQmufojzifh/0g? taMumif;oHk;yg;udk tpOfavQmufaomÓPfjzifh/ t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd- t&d,wd t"d*rd-,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd =,wd orÜmykPd,wd = a&muftyf\/ wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = wo®m = xdkYaMumifh/ taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd taw¬mwd===== tw¬[lí/ 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = 0kpöwd = qdktyf\/

pdwåol


jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D r*¾if&Spfyg; usifhpOfw&m;vdkY ac:qdkwJh orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;awGudk tpOfavQmufojzifh xdkedAÁmefudk odtyf-a&muftyf-&tyfwJhtwGuf edAÁmefw&m;awmfjrwfudkvnf; tw¬vdkYac:ygw,f/opöma'oemawmfenf;t& eda&m"opömw&m; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DedAÁmefudkxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPf[mvnf; tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

bmodww¬ --aemufeHygwf (3) tw¬uawmh bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfwJh

w&m;awmf\ teuft"dyÜg,f odkYr[kwf bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfwJh w&m;pum;vHk;wdkY&JU qdkvdk&if; teufoabmukdvnf; tw¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/ bmodww¬vdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ tJ'D bmodww¬ ac:wJh bk&m;a[mw&m;awGudk pepfwus od&Sdem;vnfolawGu od&Sdonfhtwkdif; vkdufemjyKusifhygu oifodtqifhrS usifhodtqifhodkY a&muf&SdoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/

bk&m;a[mw&m;awGudk tusOf;csKyfvdkufawmh oDvusifhpOf orm"dusifhpOf ynmusifhpOfawGyJ jzpfMuygw,f/ 'DusifhpOfawGudk wu,faygufaygufa&mufa&muf atmifatmifjrifjrif vdkufemjyKusifhygu 'DusifhpOfawGrSm opömav;yg; tp&SdwJh w&m;xl;w&m;jrwfawGudk xdk;xGif;odapwwfwJh ÓPfqdkwJh tusKd;w&m;awGudk &&SdEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifhbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;awmfawG[m odwwfwJhÓPfjzifh xdk;xGif;odtyfwJh w&m;awGjzpfvdkY bmodww¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/'gaMumifh tJ'Dbk&m;a[mw&m;awmfawG&JU teuft"dyÜg,fudk odwwfwJhÓPf[mvnf; tw¬y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/

0dygu --tusKd;0dygufw&m;tm;vHk;udkvnf; tw¬vdkY ac:ygw,f/ 'DtusKd;

0dygufw&m;awGu ukodkvfuH tukodkvfuHawGaMumifh jzpfay:vm&wJhtusKd;0dygufw&m;awG jzpfMuygw,f/ ukodkvfuH tukodkvfuHawGudkxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfu "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf? ukodkvf tukodkvfwdkY&JU

pdwåol


bk&m;&Sifu r[mowdy|meokwåef (r-1-84/) rSmyJ tusOf;csKyftm;jzifh'ku©opöm trnf&wJh Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg;qdkwm --

1/ ½lykyg'geu©E¨mç

2/ a0'Ekyg'geu©E¨mç

3/ onKyg'geu©E¨mç

4/ ocFg½kyg'geu©E¨mç

5/ 0dnmPkyg'geu©E¨m --

wdkY jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; qufvufa[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

bmudk ½lykyg'geu©ËmvdkY ac:qdkygovJ¿ 'Dar;cGef;&JU tajzudkawmhbk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfwdkifu cE¨0*¾oH,kwfygVdawmf cE¨okwåefrSm 'Dvkda[mMum;xm;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ --

,H udÍöd bdu©a0 ½lyH twDwmem*wypöKyÜEéH tZÑwåH 0g A[d'¨g 0gMoVm&duH 0g okckrH 0g [DeH 0g yPDwH 0g ,H 'la& oEÅdau 0g omo0HOyg'ged,H? t,H 0kpöwd ½lykyg'geu©aE¨m/ (oH-2-39/)

]]&[ef;wdkY ...tmoa0gw&m;wdkY\ tm½kHjzpfaom wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh]ig igh[m}[k pJG,l&mjzpfaom twdwf-tem*wf-ypöKyÜefjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? tZÑwå-A[d'̈jzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;aom MoVm&duç odrfarGUEl;nHhaom okckrjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;?,kwfnHhaom [Deç rGefjrwfaom yPDwjzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif;? a0;aom 'l&ç eD;aom oEÅdujzpfaom tvHk;pHkaom½kyfw&m;onfvnf;aumif; &Sd\/ þtvHk;pHkaom (11)rsKd;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh wnfaeaom ½kyfw&m;tpktyHkonf ½lykyg'geu©E¨mrnf\/}}

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tJ'D "r®ac:wJh taMumif;w&m;udkvnf; --

1/ tusKd;udk jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;ç2/ t&d,r*fç3/ bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;pum;ç4/ ukodkvfç5/ tukodkvf -- vdkY ig;rsKd; jyxm;ygw,f/

eHygwf (1) jzpfwJh tusKd;udk jzpfapwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;ç eHygwf(4) ukodkvfç eHygwf (5) tukodkvf 'D (3)rsKd;vHk;uawmh opöma'oemawmfenf;t& ork',opömw&m;rsm;yif jzpfMuygw,f/ eHygwf (2)jzpfwJh t&d,r*fw&m;uawmh edAÁmefudk a&mufapwwfwJh orÜmyutaMumif;w&m;yJ jzpfygw,f/ tvm;wlyJ bmodwac:wJh bk&m;pum;awmfawG[mvnf; vdkufemjyKusifholawGudk vlewfedAÁmef oHk;wefaomcsrf;omodkY a&mufapaMumif;jzpfvkdY "r®vdkYyJ ac:ygw,f/ xdk"r®ig;rsKd;üxdk;xGif;odwwfwJh ÓPfonf "r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf jzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmork',opömtaMumif;udk xyfrHcsJUxGifNyD; &Sif;jyzdkYawmh vdkygw,f/

'ku©ork'a, ÓPH "r®y#dorÇd'g/ (tbd-2-307/)

'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömü xdk;xGif;odwwfaom ÓPfonf"r®y#dorÇd'gÓPf rnfw,fvdkY 'Dvdk bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/ 'ku©jzpfaMumif; ork',opömqdkwmu bmvJ¿ --

tbd"r®m 0dbif;ygVdawmf (tbd-2-112-117/) rSm bk&m;&Sifonfork',opömudk (5)enf;cJGí a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

1/ wPSmudkvnf; ork',opömvdkY bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

2/ wPSmESifhwuG udavomtm;vHk;udkvnf; ork',opömvdkY a[mMum;xm;awmfrlygw,f/

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tcsufavmufudkawmh odxm;oifhw,f/

ur®ypöa,emwd taeumerÜd uyÜaum#DeH rw¬au twåaem zvHOyÜga'wHk oraw¬e ememu©Pduur®ypöa,emwd taw¬m/ ukovm-ukovO§d ur®H twåaem y0wådu©aP zvH e a'wd/ ,'d 'a',s? ,HrEkaóm a'0avmuly*H ukovur®H ua&mwd? wómEkbma0ewo®ða,0 caP a'a0g ba0,s/ ,o®ð ye caP wH uwH? wawmtno®ð caP t0dZÆrmerÜd au0vH u#wåma,0 'da|0 "ar® OyyaZÆ0g tya& 0g y&d,ma, t0aooypö,orma,ma* owd zvHOyÜga'wd ed½k'¨gyd yk&drodyÜg'dud&d,m 0d, umvEÅa& ypädrodyÜg'dud&d-,m,/ wo®m ememu©Pduur®ypöa,mwd 0kpöwd/ (tbd-|-3-374/)

ur®ypö,owådjzifh aus;Zl;jyKw,fqdkwm - urÇmaygif; uka#aygif;rsm;pGmwdkYtxufu jyKpkysKd;axmifcJhonfyif jzpfcsifjzpfygap - rdrd&JUtusKd;udk

]]r®'ge}} · 2018. 9. 22. · tcef; (2) *dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31 pdwåol

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Transcript of ]]r®'ge}} · 2018. 9. 22. · tcef; (2) *dvme'óeokwåefa&SUydkif; 31 pdwåol