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Index

academia, universities and, 18, 37, 38, 158, 160, 164. See also politics/scholar relationship

Adams, Herbert Baxter, 18Adorno, Theodor, 23agency. See human conductAlexander, Archibald, 19alien cultures, 110, 112, 163; Azande

as, 114–16; Cook case and, 118, 122–24

American Political Science Association (APSA), 9, 19, 20, 52, 155, 164

American scholar. See politics/scholar relationship

American Social Science Association, 14anthropology, 34, 141, 166; cannibal-

ism and, 163–64; Cook case and, 118–25; subject matter/interpre-tation distinction and, 111–13; Winch and, 5, 112–13, 114–16

antipositivism, 45, 85. See also positivism

antirealism, 58, 60. See also realismantirepresentationalism, 59, 108,

123–24. See also representational philosophy

APSA. See American Political Science Association

Arendt, Hannah, 23, 24, 83–84, 163Aristotle, 1, 17, 51, 52–53, 75, 88Austin, J. L., 54, 87, 133, 134, 135, 136authority: cognitive, 38, 39, 114; of

metapractical claims, 109–10; moral, 18, 50, 164

Ayer, A. J., 106Azande people, 114–16

Barker, Ernest, 21Barnes, Harry Elmer, 22Beard, George, 161behavioralism, 22, 28, 52, 56, 156behaviorism, 80Benedict, Ruth, 163Bennett, M. R., 78Bentley, Arthur, 22Berlin, Isaiah, 12Bhaskar, Roy, 64–66Bloom, Allan, 51Boas, Franz, 121Boorstin, Daniel, 22Botwinick, Aryeh, 88–89Bourdieu, Pierre, 51, 70brain states, 69–70, 75, 76; neuro-

science and, 67–69, 72, 77–80Burgess, John W., 18–19, 20, 161

Cambridge school, 26–27cannibalism, 161–64Carnap, Rudolf, 56Catlin, G. E. G., 12Cavell, Stanley, 83, 95Chomsky, Noam, 69, 76–77Churchland, Patricia, 70Churchland, Paul, 69–73, 75clarity, 2, 39, 43, 128; Wittgenstein on,

85, 98, 105, 150cognitive neuroscience, 67–69, 72cognitive paradoxes, 33–34, 40, 42, 49Collingwood, R. G., 112Collini, Stefan, 17common sense, 73, 89, 103Comte, August, 56

182 Index

concepts, 5–6, 20, 129–54; alien cultures and, 115–16; analyti-cal, 138, 139; autonomy of, 133; concept of, 128, 132, 138, 143; contested, 131–32; context and, 129, 147–48, 164; definitions and, 133, 140–41, 143; histories of, 115, 142; interpretation and, 112, 128, 131–32; Kuhn and, 136–38, 143; modal, 138, 139–40; natural science and, 40–41; philosophy and, 148–53; Pitkin and, 129–31; of political, 83–84; representation and, 129–31, 145, 153; Skinner and, 134–35, 142–43; theoretical, 138–39, 140; understanding of, 167; Winch on, 107–8, 110; Wit-tgenstein and, 5–6, 77–80, 112, 133, 134–40, 144–54; vs. words, 133–34, 135–36, 138, 142, 144; “world” and, 107–8, 135. See also meaning; words

conceptual changes, 141–42conceptual investigations, 100, 135conceptual therapy, 87Conference for Study of Political

Thought, 9Connolly, William E., 74conservatism, 5, 88conservatives, 72–73context, 154; concept of, 129, 147–48,

164; interpretation and, 114, 129, 147–48, 164; transcontextual judgment and, 115

contradictions, 94, 143conventionality, 79, 81; metapractices

and, 80, 127; phenomenology of, 96–97

Cook, James, 118–25Crary, Alice, 91, 92Crick, Bernard, 17critical theory, 81cultural relativity, 120

Dahl, Robert, 22, 28, 84

Damasio, Antonio, 70, 71–75, 78Damasio, Hanna, 70Danford, John, 87–88Darwin, Charles, 67, 142Darwinism, 79–80Davidson, Donald, 59, 102, 123–24,

144Dawkins, Richard, 79de Certeau, Michel, 100definitions, 83, 95, 133, 140–41, 143,

159democracy, 5, 13, 15, 29; as contested

concept, 131–32; as ideology, 21; liberal, 91; participatory, 89; theoretical status of, 97; validation of, 52

Dennett, Daniel, 69, 79Derrida, Jacques, 53, 83, 92–93, 102,

103, 106Descartes, René, 56, 71Devitt, Michael, 61–62Dewey, John, 67Diamond, Cora, 67Dickinson, John, 22Dienstag, Joshua Foa, 91discourse: academic/public, 13, 29, 37;

first-order, 64, 107, 109, 111, 127, 128, 139; orders of, 33, 44, 49; rhetorical, 14; of social science, 120–22

dualism, 71, 78–79, 89duck/rabbit figure, 124, 146–47Dummett, Michael, 58Dunning, William A., 19–20Durkheim, Emile, 70, 113

Easton, David, 52, 84, 157Eliot, T. S., 163Elliott, W. Y., 21Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 95, 158–61,

162emotion, 68; scientific study of, 72–75;

Wittgenstein and, 78–79empiricism, 30, 39, 57–59, 73; philosoph-

ical realism and, 67; representational

Index 183

philosophy and, 64; social science and, 74; Weber and, 37–38

epistemologies, 7, 50, 109; scientific approach to inquiry and, 60; of social science, 33, 113

ethics, 36, 156Evans-Pritchard, E., 113–16evolutionary theory, 76, 139, 142exoticization of politics, 157–58, 160,

162explanation, 45, 57, 110, 123, 151–52

facts, 57–58; concepts and, 135, 139; institutional, 127; representational philosophy and, 64; social, 106, 108, 126; Weber and, 153–54

Federalist #10, 160–61Feigl, Herbert, 56Feyerabend, Paul, 57Fine, Arthur, 60first-order discourses, 64, 109, 111,

128, 139; assumptions and, 115; Azande people and, 116; as constructive activities, 107; reality and, 127

Flathman, Richard, 6, 86–87Fodor, Jerry, 75–77folk psychology, 69–70, 76, 77, 79forms of life, 5, 64, 89, 92, 98, 126;

Wittgenstein and, 78, 96, 101, 111, 135, 139, 147–48, 153

Foucault, Michel, 29, 70, 106foundationalism, 66, 100Frankfurt school, 66Frazer, James George, 116, 146Frege, Gottlob, 99Freud, Sigmund, 86

Gadamer, H. G., 26, 75Gallie, W. B., 131Geertz, Clifford, 67, 70, 122Gellner, Ernest, 89–90George, Stefan, 23German philosophy, 17, 21

Germany, 19, 23, 37; American philoso-phy and, 160; scientific signifi-cance in, 40

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 129, 153

Golden Bough (Frazer), 109, 146Goodman, Nelson, 59Graham, George, 87Grandy, Richard, 124

Habermas, Jürgen, 29, 42, 51, 91, 161Hacker, P. M. S., 78Hacking, Ian, 122Hallowell, John, 23Hanson, Norwood Russell, 59Harré, Rom, 79Harvard University, 158Hawaiians, 118–21Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 16, 19Heidegger, Martin, 23, 88Hempel, Carl, 56, 57, 62hermeneutics, 55, 62, 65, 90Herring, Pendleton, 22Hirsch, E. D., 140historicism, 26–27history, 26, 27; of political theory,

15–17, 19–20, 24–25, 28; science and, 19, 136–37

Hobbes, Thomas, 27, 93, 133Horkheimer, Max, 23human conduct, 67; intentionality and,

77; Oakeshott and, 42–49; phe-nomenology of, 47. See also social phenomena

Hutchinson, Phil, 107

ideal types, 41, 42, 49, 152–53inquiry, 108; approaches to, 2, 60; criti-

cal, 65; humanistic mode of, 65; metapractices and, 97–98, 111–12; orders of, 45; political, 20; rhetoric of, 15, 25, 26–27, 36; social, 44, 49–54, 65–66, 67; standards of, 56. See also objects of inquiry

intentionality, 77, 78–79, 148

184 Index

international relations, 61interpretation, 101, 129–54, 164; of

alien cultures, 114, 116, 124; char-ity principle and, 124; concepts and, 112, 128, 131–32; context and, 114, 129, 147–48, 164; of Cook case, 118–25; Davidson and, 124; definitions and, 133, 140–41, 143; Foucault on, 106; humanity principle and, 124; interpretive form of social science and, 49; Kuhn and, 136–38; meaning and, 102–3, 145; metapractices and, 102, 108–10, 145, 148; Oakeshott and, 43, 45, 53–54, 154; phi-losophy and, 148–53; Pitkin and, 129–31; rationality and, 120–21; representation and, 129–31, 145, 153; Skinner and, 142–43; social inquiry and, 49–54; social science as, 53–54; understanding and, 110, 143–47; Weber and, 41–42, 53–54; Winch and, 6, 114, 116, 143–44; Wittgenstein and, 33, 102–3, 110, 134–40, 144–54

interpretive social theory, 74

Jacobson, Norman, 156James, William, 78Janik, Allan, 90Jarman, Derek, 167judgments, 93, 94; by anthropological

investigators, 115; conventional-ity and, 80; explanatory, 110, 123; normative, 50, 55, 110, 113; practical, 53, 74

justice and social science, 105–28; alien cultures and, 110, 112, 114–17, 122, 124; Cook case and, 118–22; Winch and, 105–18, 121–25, 127–28

Kant, Immanuel, 16Kateb, George, 6Kitching, Gavin, 94–95

Koselleck, Reinhart, 131, 132Kripke, Saul, 102, 107, 136Kuhn, Thomas, 50, 57, 88, 145;

Bhaskar and, 65; concepts and, 136–38, 143; empiricism and, 58–59; incommensurability and, 115; meaning and, 140; on persua-sion, 107; relativism and, 62–63; Turner and, 70; Wittgenstein and, 96

Laclau, Ernesto, 83Lakatos, Imre, 66Lakoff, George, 72–73language(s), 87–88, 109; conflict

between, 34; consciousness and, 70; context and, 114; in cor-respondence with world, 116; Davidson and, 124; of inquiry, 108; instinct and, 76; intentional-ity and, 78; interpretation and, 42, 137, 145; limits of, 80, 127; of moral converse, 48; ordinary, 100–101; Pitkin and, 130; reality and, 64, 107–8, 117; representing other conceptual domains by, 110; of science, 39–40; Searle and, 77; Skinner and, 134; of social science, 105; true/false distinctions and, 117; Weber on, 153; Winch on, 107

language games, 90, 114, 135–36, 138–39, 146; Wittgenstein and, 64, 96, 101, 135, 147–48, 153

Laski, Harold, 21, 22Lassman, Peter, 104Lasswell, Harold, 20, 68, 161Laudan, Larry, 58Leary, Timothy, 74Lefort, Claude, 83Lenin, V. I., 63Lessing, G. E., 105lexicons, 136–37liberal democracy, 91liberalism, 21–22, 143

Index 185

Lieber, Francis, 17–18, 30, 159–61limiting notions, 117Lindsay, A. D., 21Lippmann, Walter, 68Locke, John, 17, 59logical positivism and logical empiricism

(L P/E), 56–57, 60, 62Lono (Hawaiian fertility god), 118–19,

121–22L P/E. See logical positivism and logical

empiricismLukes, Steven, 122–27

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 24, 27MacIntyre, Alasdair, 113–14, 133MacKuen, Michael, 73Macpherson, C. B., 26Madison, James, 160magic, 112, 115, 116, 117, 141Malinowski, Bronislaw, 164Mannheim, Karl, 40Marcus, George, 73, 74Marcuse, Herbert, 23Margolis, Joseph, 90Marx, Karl, 86, 88, 113, 133, 158Marxism, 63, 95, 143McDermott, Rose, 74McIlwain, C. H., 21Mead, Margaret, 163meaning: context and, 147; discursive,

140; explanation and, 152; foun-dation for, 102–3; interpretation/understanding and, 102–3, 145; of meaning, 96; as use, 91; variations of, 54; Weber and, 40. See also concepts; words

memes, 79–80Merriam, Charles, 20–21, 28, 68, 161“meta” as prefix, 1metalanguages, 34metaphysics, 1; as element of metaprac-

tices, 109; realism and, 61; Winch on, 109

metapractices, 33, 35, 150–51; analysis and, 31; authority of, 109–10;

conceptual investigations and, 100; in conflict with subject matter, 107; context and, 154; convention-ality and, 80, 127; discourses and, 109, 111; epistemology of, 109; inquiry and, 97–98, 111–12; inter-pretation and, 102, 108–10, 145, 148; language and, 109, 127; meta-physics of, 109; normative judgment and, 54; paradoxes in, 5; philosophy as, 106–9; philosophy of science as, 50; practical judgments and, 53; privilege of, 84–85; representation in, 108–10; social science as, 1–3, 106–9; standards for assessing reality and, 125; Winch on, 106–10

metatheories, 67, 116Mill, John Stuart, 56Milton, John, 134mind, 77, 80; mind-independent reality

and, 61, 63. See also brain statesmissionaries, 163, 166modernity, 88, 125, 132Moore, G. E., 126moralism, 30, 156–58, 161–62, 163,

164, 167. See also scientismmoral philosophy, 14, 18, 30; authority

of, 50; Lieber and, 17Mouffe, Chantal, 83, 92–93myths, 119–20, 143

nativism, 75, 160natural/conventional distinction, 117,

126–27, 128naturalism, 40–41, 76, 79natural science: concepts and, 40, 41,

135–36, 139, 142; as construc-tive activity, 107; facts in, 103, 154; language and concepts of, 40; nature and, 149; origins of philosophy of, 14; vs. philosophi-cal investigations, 150; scientific explanation and, 50–54; theory and, 96–97; theory/practice nexus and, 165; “world” in, 99, 100

186 Index

neuroscience, 67–69, 72, 77–80Newman, Russell, 73Newton, Isaac, 56Nietzsche, Friedrich, 86, 110nihilism, 23, 51, 88, 90normative judgment, 50, 54, 110, 113;

philosophical realism and, 55normative political theory, 29–30normativity, 71, 73Norris, Christopher, 64, 65Nyriri, J. C., 88–89

Oakeshott, Michael, 31, 34–35, 42–49, 109; interpretation and, 43, 45, 53–54, 154; metapractical analysis and, 3–4

Obeyesekere, Gananath, 119–22, 124–25

objectivity, 36; Azande magic and, 115; criticisms of Wittgenstein regard-ing, 96; MacIntyre on, 114; of natural science, 106; philosophical idea of, 58; Searle and, 126–27; Weber and, 14, 39

objects of comparison, 153objects of inquiry, 83; context and,

148; discursive identity of, 101; goal of social science and, 166–67; philosophy and, 149; relationship between metapractices and, 104; relativism and, 51; representation by interpreters and, 111. See also inquiry

Odegard, Peter, 22ontologies, 50; first-person, 76–77;

individualist social, 70; realism and, 61; scientific approach to inquiry and, 60; social, 48, 89, 94

paradoxes, 5; cognitive, 33–34, 40, 42, 49; practical, 34

Perestroika controversy, 2, 31, 51, 156philosophical realism, 4, 67; limits of, 5;

relativism/rationalism and, 63–64; scientific identity of social science

and, 60–61; Searle and, 76; social scientific inquiry and, 55; in social theory, 110

philosophy: goal of, 97–99, 150; impact of, 102; interpretation in, 108–10, 148–53; of language, 75; as metapractice, 106–9; of mind, 75; philosophy of, 149; representation in, 108–10; of science, 50, 55–58, 65; as self-reflective, 110–11; of social science, 35–36, 106, 112–13, 118; Winch on, 110–11; Wittgenstein’s account of, 101–2, 148–53

phronesis, 51, 52–53Pinker, Steven, 76–77Pitkin, Hanna, 82–87, 109, 129–31Plato, 21, 46, 86, 99Pleasants, Nigel, 93–94, 98pluralism, 22, 74, 93; methodological,

52Pocock, J. G. A., 6, 15, 26Polanyi, Michael, 70, 75political science: mainstream, 156; as

scientific, 22–23; transcending origins of, 15

Political Theory (journal), 12politics, 54; autonomy of, 39; definition

of word, 83–84, 95, 140–41, 143, 159; of identity, 120; theoretical status of, 97

politics/scholar relationship, 6, 154, 155–67; APSA and, 155, 164; can-nibalism and, 161–63, 164; Emer-son and, 158–61, 162; integration of fields in, 158; moralism and scientism and, 156–58, 161–62, 164, 166, 167; theory/politics nexus and, 165

Popper, Karl, 51, 57, 62, 89popular sovereignty, 18, 21, 160positivism, 12, 29, 103; antipositiv-

ism and, 45, 85; Oakeshott and, 35, 43, 45; opponents of, 109; postpositivism and, 43, 58, 62, 64,

Index 187

85; realism and, 55, 62; theory/fact dichotomy and, 59; Vienna Circle and, 56–57; Weber and, 35; Winch and, 62–63, 106

postmodernism, 62, 74, 95postpositivism, 43; empiricism and, 58;

philosophical/scientific realism and, 64; Pitkin and, 85; relativistic implications of, 62

primitive societies. See alien culturesprivilege: epistemic and cognitive, 4,

31, 51, 62, 91–92, 100, 163; metapractices and, 84–85

public policy, 35, 37, 52Putnam, Hilary, 59, 61, 64, 136

Quine, W. V. O., 57, 102, 106, 124, 144, 145

rational choice model, 52, 73, 156rationalism, 63–64, 91, 123rationality, 119–21, 125; Winch and,

113–17Rawls, John, 29Read, Rupert, 107realism, 55, 59–60, 61–67, 123, 126;

antirealism and, 58, 60; critical, 63; external, 126; international relations and, 61; methodologi-cal, 62; moral, 70; scientific, 58, 61–66; semantic, 62. See also philosophical realism

reality, 55, 109, 115, 116, 126; language and, 64, 107–8, 117. See also “world”

reductionism, 61–62, 69–70, 80Reid, Whitelaw, 162relativism, 4, 62–64, 70, 76, 77, 123;

critiques of, 109–10; nihilism and, 23; responses to, 7, 50, 51; Winch and, 89, 107, 109, 115, 117; Wit-tgenstein and, 5, 90–91, 107

religion, 54, 100, 140, 162representation: analytical concepts and,

139; antirepresentationalism and,

59, 108, 123–24; etymology of word, 130–31; interpretation and, 129–31, 145, 153; in metaprac-tices, 108–10; Pitkin and, 129–31; political, 130; reality and, 126; science and, 140; Searle and, 126; Weber and, 41; Winch and, 153

representational philosophy, 64, 75, 126; realism and, 59–60; rejection of, 151

rhetoric of inquiry, 15, 25, 26–27, 36Richter, Melvin, 132, 134Robinson, Christopher, 81Rorty, Richard, 59, 65, 91, 93, 96Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 17Russell, Bertrand, 57, 99Ryle, Gilbert, 54, 133, 138

Sabine, George, 12, 21–23Sahlins, Marshall, 118–22Scheman, Naomi, 91–92Schmitt, Carl, 23, 83scholars. See politics/scholar relationshipscience, 46, 66; authority of, 14;

cognitive, 4, 75, 77–80, 164; experimental method and, 21–22; goal of, 39, 62; history and, 19, 136–37; philosophy of, 50, 55–58, 65; representation and, 140; social science and, 28–30; theoreti-cal terms of, 138; truth and, 40; Weber and, 37–38, 164

scientific explanation, 50scientific method, 21–22, 55, 56, 153scientific realism, 58, 61–66scientism, 30, 50–54, 156–58, 162,

163, 167; Wittgenstein and, 81. See also moralism

Searle, John, 63, 76–77, 126–27seeing, 146–47self-reflection, 110–11self-understanding, 44, 113Sellars, Roy Wood, 63Sellars, Wilfrid, 59Shapiro, Ian, 156Sharrock, Wes, 107

188 Index

Shepard, Walter, 22Skinner, Quentin, 6, 15, 70; concepts

vs. words and, 134–35, 142–43; history and, 26; Richter and, 132

social phenomena, 40–41, 45, 97; constructed character of, 103; epiphenomenal character of, 4; identity and, 53; interpretation of, 109; investigators’ views and, 115; metapractical claims and, 113; representation of, 109; scientific explanation and, 50–54; as story, 48–49; subjectivity of, 106. See also human conduct

social reality, theory of, 96social science: empirical claims of, 36;

foundation for critical, 49; goal of, 166; as metapractice, 1–3, 106–9; paradoxes of, 33–35; practical rela-tionship between politics and, 38; practices of, 33; scholarly achieve-ments of, 15; science and, 28–30

social science and justice, 105–28; alien cultures and, 110, 112, 114–17, 122, 124; Cook case and, 118–22; Searle and, 126–27; Winch and, 105–18, 121–25, 127–28

sociobiology, 95Sophia, 52specialization, 53Spengler, Oswald, 23, 88, 153state, 17–18, 19, 28; popular sover-

eignty and, 21; as term, 159–60, 162

Stein, Gertrude, 12Strauss, Leo, 12, 23, 42, 87–88; concept

of political and, 83–84; history of political theory and, 24; interpreta-tion and, 143; moralism and, 161; relativism and, 51; Skinner and, 26; on understanding texts, 27

sublimation of politics, 167Sumner, William Graham, 162

Tarski, Alfred, 127

Taylor, Charles, 43, 79, 91theory and theorizing, 167; concepts

and, 138–39, 140; of language, 94; natural science and, 96–97, 165; realism and, 59; theoreti-cian’s dilemma and, 57; of theory, 43–47, 49; Wittgenstein’s rejection of, 152

theory/practice nexus, 7, 42, 50, 125, 165Thiele, Leslie Paul, 74–75Thoreau, Henry David, 158Topper, Keith, 65–66Tractatus (Wittgenstein), 100, 153tradition, 13, 21, 25, 33, 84, 166Tribhuvan University, 167Truman, David, 22, 28truth, 59, 90, 96, 126, 128; criteria of, 50,

54, 59, 99, 107, 113, 114, 117, 124Tully, James, 91, 93, 94Turner, Mark, 67, 80Turner, Stephen, 70–71Twain, Mark, 162

understanding, 5–6, 124, 134, 167; of alien cultures, 116, 118, 123; interpretation and, 110, 143–47; Oakeshott and, 43, 46. See also interpretation

universalism, 76, 93, 117; antiuniversal-ism and, 74

universities, 18, 37, 38, 158, 160, 164University of California at Berkeley, 83,

87, 156University of Chicago, 87

value judgments, 37–38, 52value-theory, 29van Fraasen, Bas, 58Vienna Circle, 56–57Vincent, Andrew, 12vocations, 12, 28–30, 31, 43, 165; of

ministry, 161; of political theory, 9–10, 13, 24, 99–100, 166; Weber and, 36

Voegelin, Eric, 23, 24, 84

Index 189

Weber, Max, 34–42, 105, 109, 119, 152–54; on goal of science, 39; interpretation and, 41–42, 53–54; metapractical analysis and, 3–4; Oakeshott and, 43, 46, 47–49; objectivity and, 14, 39; philosophy of social science and, 35–36; public policy and, 35; relativism and, 50; on representing social facts, 108; science and, 164; science as voca-tion and, 43; value-freedom and, 26; Winch and, 152; Wolin and, 11

Weldon, T. D., 106Williams, Raymond, 134, 143Willoughby, Westel Woodbury, 20, 28Wilson, Woodrow, 164Winch, Peter, 89, 105–18, 121–25,

127–28, 152–53; analysis of Weber and Oakeshott, 54; anthropology and, 5, 112–13, 114–16; criteria for resolving conflicts and, 50; criticisms of, 107–9, 113–14; interpretation and, 6, 114, 116, 143–44; interpretivists and, 51; Kuhn and, 136; meaning and, 140; on metapractices, 106–10; misin-terpretation of, 105–9; Oakeshott and, 43; on persuasion, 104; posi-tivism and, 62–63, 106; Turner and, 70; understanding/interpreta-tion and, 145; Wittgenstein and, 5, 96, 105–12, 116–17

Wittgenstein (film), 167Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1, 57, 81–104;

ambiguity and, 9; autonomy of concepts and, 129; Cavell and, 95; certainty and, 50; on clarity, 85, 98, 105, 150; concepts and, 5–6, 77–80, 112, 133, 134–40, 144–54; on convention, 81, 127; Crary and, 91, 92; Danford and, 87–88; differences and, 114; Flath-man and, 86–87; Gellner and, 89–90; goal of philosophy and, 97–99; “immanent critique” and,

94, 98–100; influence of, 4–5; interpretation and, 33, 102–3, 110, 134–40, 144–54; Janik and, 90; Kitching and, 94–95; language games and, 64, 96, 101, 135, 147–48, 153; misinterpretation of, 107–8; Mouffe and, 92–93; Nyriri and, 88–89; on persuasion, 107; philosophical realism and, 67; philosophy’s influence and, 101–2, 148–53; Pitkin and, 82–87, 130; Pleasants and, 93–94, 98; Putnam and, 64; reality and, 55, 116–17; relativism and, 5, 90–91, 107; representational philosophy and, 59; Scheman and, 91–92; Searle and, 126; Skinner and, 134; social science subject matter and, 3; social scientific significance of, 54; theory/practice nexus and, 165; Tully and, 91, 94; understanding/interpreta-tion and, 110, 144–47; Winch and, 5, 96, 105–12, 116–17; “world” and, 99–100, 107–8

Wokler, Robert, 17Wolin, Sheldon, 6, 9–13, 23, 86; moral-

ism and, 157; Pitkin and, 83–84; sublimation of politics and, 167; vocation of political theory and, 24–25

Woolsey, Theodore, 18, 30words, 5–6, 76, 129, 131; concepts

and, 133–34, 135–36, 138, 142, 144; definitions and, 83, 95, 133, 140–41, 143, 159; uses of, 101, 152. See also concepts; meaning

“world,” 42, 69, 114; concepts and, 107–8, 135; Kuhn and, 137–38; reality and, 109, 115, 116, 117, 126; Winch on, 107; Wittgenstein on, 99–100, 107–8

Yale University, 162

Zerilli, Linda, 81, 93, 94