Références Computer Networks Andrew S. Tanenbaum Prentice Hall Internetworking Technologies...
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Références
• Computer Networks Andrew S. Tanenbaum Prentice Hall
• Internetworking Technologies Handbook
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/index.htm
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Matière
• Protocole IP
• Réseaux locaux
• Interconnexion de réseaux locaux
• WAN
• Aspects de sécurité
• Mise en Oeuvre et Gestion
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Symboles
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1960 - 1970
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1980 - 1990
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Modèle OSI
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Couches Supérieures
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Couches Inférieures
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Encapsulation
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Désencapsulation
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Comparaison
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Internet Protocol Suite
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Packet Format
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Format d’adresses
• 32 bits
• “Dotted decimal” notation
• Decomposées en une partie “réseau” et une partie “hote”
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Format d’adresses
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Classful Addresses
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Classful Addresses
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Adressage
• Toute adresse est unique
• Toute interface a une adresse
• Toutes ces règles ont des exceptions
• Adresse réseau et adresse broadcast
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Adresses Privées
• 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
• 127.0.0.1: localhost
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VLSM
• Flexibilite limitée
• Gaspillage d’adresses
• Solution: Subnets (pas seulement a la limite du byte)
• On “emprunte” des bits de la partie hote pour creer une partie sous-réseau
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Subnet Mask
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ICMP
• Internet Control Message Protocol
• Destination Unreachable
• Echo Request and Reply
• Time Exceeded
• Applications: ping, trace
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TCP
• Stream data transfer
• Reliability: positive ack, retransmission
• Three-way Handshake (SYN, SYN ACK, ACK)
• Sliding Window (taille peut etre dynamique)
• Ex. de pbl: lien satellite
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TCP Packet Format
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UDP
• Connectionless
• No reliability, flow-control, or error-recovery
• Less Overhead
• NFS, SNMP, DNS, TFTP
• Utilisé pour la voix
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UDP Packet Format