PİYASA RİSKLERİNDEN KORUNMA (HEDGING) · The INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies does not...

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PİYASA RİSKLERİNDEN KORUNMA (HEDGING) DİKKAT EDİLMESİ GEREKEN FAKTÖRLER VE ETKİN BİR STRATEJİ NASIL GELİŞTİRİLİR Matt Ammermann Metaa Risk Yöneticisi- Doğu Avrupa/Karadeniz Bölgesi Başkan Yardımcısı INTL FCStone Financial Inc- FCM Bölümü

Transcript of PİYASA RİSKLERİNDEN KORUNMA (HEDGING) · The INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies does not...

Page 1: PİYASA RİSKLERİNDEN KORUNMA (HEDGING) · The INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies does not warrant or guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information herein. The information

PİYASA RİSKLERİNDEN KORUNMA (HEDGING) DİKKAT EDİLMESİ GEREKEN FAKTÖRLER VE ETKİN BİR STRATEJİ NASIL GELİŞTİRİLİR

Matt Ammermann

Metaa Risk Yöneticisi- Doğu Avrupa/Karadeniz Bölgesi Başkan Yardımcısı

INTL FCStone Financial Inc- FCM Bölümü

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NTL FCStone Inc. rızası olmadan bu sunum çoğaltılamaz, kopyalanamaz veya dağıtılamaz

This communication is intended as a solicitation for entering into a derivatives transaction in any jurisdiction where such a solicitation

would be legal and is otherwise made at the request of a prospect. The INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies provide financial

services worldwide through its subsidiaries, including physical commodities, securities, exchange-traded and over-the-counter

derivatives, risk management, global payments and foreign exchange products in accordance with applicable law in the jurisdictions

where services are provided. INTL FCStone Markets, LLC (IFM) a subsidiary of INTL FCStone Inc., is a member of the National Futures

Association (NFA) and provisionally registered with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) as a swap dealer. IFM’s

products are designed only for individuals or firms who qualify under CFTC rules as an ‘Eligible Contract Participant’ (“ECP”) and

therefore, IFM only transacts derivatives with ECPs. The FCM Division of INTL FCStone Financial Inc. is a member of the NFA and

registered with the CFTC as a futures commission merchant (FCM) and commodity trading advisor (CTA). INTL FCStone Ltd. is

registered in England and Wales, Company No. 5616586, authorized and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, FRN: 446717.

The information contained herein is not a recommendation nor investment research or an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy

any derivative, engage in brokerage or depository activity. Nor does it take into account your particular investment objectives, financial

situations, or needs and does not create a binding obligation on any of the INTL FCStone group of companies to enter into any

transaction with you. This commentary does not contain all the information that may be material to inform your decision to enter into any

transaction. You are advised to undertake an independent analysis of any transaction to determine whether any transaction is suitable

for you and to seek professional advice in connection with trading derivatives.

Trading over-the-counter derivatives and swaps involves substantial risk and is not suitable for all investors. Past financial results are

not necessarily indicative of future performance. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more

sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions and could result in losses that significantly exceed the original investment.

Fluctuations in exchange rates could have adverse effects on the value or price of, or income derived from certain investments. All

forecasts of market conditions are inherently subjective and actual results and subsequent forecasts may vary significantly. No

assurance or guarantee is made that forecasts will be achieved. Examples provided are for illustrative purposes.

The INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies does not warrant or guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information herein. The

information herein is not a recommendation, advice nor an inducement to enter in to any contract, investment, or arrangement by any

party, whether or not such party is known, unknown, or a client of any entity within the INTL FCStone Inc. group of companies. INTL

FCStone Inc. fully disclaims and shall be held harmless against liability, howsoever arising, that may be incurred by any party arising

from reliance, use, misuse, reproduction (in part or whole thereof) and dissemination of the information herein. The INTL FCStone group

of companies shall have no liability for any misstatement, omission of fact or any opinions expressed.

No part of this presentation may be copied, photocopied or duplicated or redistributed without the prior written consent of I

© 2016 INTL FCStone Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Source:Google

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Metaa Risk Yönetimi

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Source: USDA

560.000

580.000

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760.000

780.000

800.000

Are

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arve

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usa

nd

Hec

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Hasat edilen dünya buğday, iri taneli tahıl ve yağlı tohum alanları (Source: USDA)

Growth Curve Flattened Out With Stable, But Low Commodity

Prices

Growth is Non-US South America 46%

Africa 23% FSU 22%

US 9% (CRP)

US Renewable Fuel Standard

Program

PRICE IS THE CATALYST!

Growth in US, Canada, & EU

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VOLATİLİTE

belirsizlik

Uykusuz geceler

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• Risk, hem beklenen geri dönüşler/karlar hem de sermaye maliyetiyle doğrudan orantılıdır

• Böyle bir durumda, artan risk kendisini tipik olarak hem

artan kar hem de artan sermaya maliyetleri olarak gösterir

• Haliyle: girdi ve çıktı fiyatlarındaki maliyet ve gelirlerden

kaynaklı volatilite artışı, riski arttırır. Bu da firmanın algılanan veya gerçek riskinden dolayı finansman maliyetlerini arttırabilir

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VOLATİLİTE &

RİSK

HEDGING

&

Sanayi Zekası

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Sanayi

Zekası

Arz

Talep

Hava Antlaşmalar

Ticari Anlaşmalar

Tarifeler

Kotolar

Para Politikası

Mali Politika

Politika

Faiz Oranları

Döviz Kuru

Savaç

Terör Faaliyetleri

Biyo-Güvenlik

Yeni Ürünleri

Yeni Teknoloji

Sanayi Konsolidasyonu

Hedge / Endeks Fonları

Teknik Analiz

Temel Analiz

Piyasa Algıları

Yerel Meseleler

Ulaşım

Mevzuat

Bir metaanın fiyatını ekileyen hususlar …

Geri Dön

Çapraz Metaa

İlişkileri

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• Hedging nedir? – Fiyat riskini azaltmak için vadeli işlem veya opsiyon sözleşmelerinin kullanılması, bilanço riski

azaltmak için terz maruziyetin kullanılması

• Uzun Fiziki - Kısa Hedge

• Kısa Fiziki – Uzun Hedge

– Hedging yapanların altta yatan metaaya ilgisi vardr

– Bir çapraz hedger vadeli işlem veya opsiyon sözleşmelerini, altta yatan metaaya benzeyen bir metaanın fiyat riskini yönetmek için kullanır (örn. CME Soya yağı hedgelenince Karadeniz Ayçiçek Yağı FOB Fiyatına karşı korunuyor)

• “İyi Bir Hedge’i” iyi yapan nedir? – Fizili mal veya nakit piyasası maruziyeti halinde temel düzeylerde olumsuz fiyat

hareketlerinden kaynaklanan sapma kaybına karşı korur

– Hedgelenen fiziki malla arasında yüksek bir korreleasyon vardır. (% 75 veya daha Yüksek)

– Göreceli bir kolaylıkla başlatılır ve likide edilir. Bu yapılırken, pozisyonun piyasa değeri etkilenmez (likidite)

– Etkili, şeffaf ve likit vadeli döviz piyasası vardır l (1-2 yıl)

– Opsiyon piyasası vardır ve likittir (gerekli değil ama avantaj)

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Hedging için Takas & Piyasalar

CME

• Chicago, USA

• Kuruluş 1848

• #2 Sarı Soyafasülyesi, Yulaf, Yağ, Mısır, Buğday

• Optionlar Mevcu

• Fiziki Teslimat Anlaşması

LIFFE MATIF

• Paris, Fransa

• Kuruluş 1986

• Kolza, Mısır,Buğday

• Opsiyonlar mevcut (likit değil)

• Fizili Teslimat Anlaşması

OTC*

• Küresel Ağ

• 1970’lerin ortasında başladı

• Binlerde metaa anlaşması ve opsiyonlar

• Tipik finansal anlaşması

* Tezgah üstü (“OTC”) Ürünler veya “Swaplar” CFTC kurallarına göre Uygun Sözleşme İştirakçisi (ECP) olan ve IFM müşterisi olarak kabul edilmiş bireyler veya firmalar için geçerlidir.

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Neden Çapraz Hedging?

• Hedgelenen (riske karşı koruma altına alınan) fiziki metaa için işlem piyasası olmayabilir

• Vadeli işlemler/opsiyonlarla, fiziki metaa için piyasa mevcut olabilir ve çok likit olmayabilir

• Fiziki metaa için vadeli işlemler/opsiyonlar ilerki dönemler için işleme konamıyor olabilir

• Bir metaanın çok büyük üreticileri veya kullanıcıları yüksek hacimde piyasalar gerektirir. (bir hedger , ilgi çok çekecek şekilde piyasanın çoğunu temsil etmek istemez)

• Opsiyonlar fiziki metaa için söz konusu olmayabilir ancak çapraz hedge olarak kullanılabilecek bir metaa için var olabilir

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Çapraz Hedging – Karadeniz

Karadeniz Metaası Takas Karşılığı Metaa

Ayçiçek yağı CME Soyafasülyesi Yağı

Ay çekirdeği CME Soya fasülyesi

Mısır CME / LIFFE

Buğday CME / MGEX / LIFFE

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Mahsül Fiyat ve Risk Bileşenleri

Temel Bileşen yerel arz/talep faktörleri, ulaşım ve kalite ayırd edici unsurları , vs. yansıtır

% 80

% 20

Vadeli İşlem Bileşeni Arz/talep ve ekonomik şartlar gibi makro çevresel faktörleri yansıtır.

*Vadeli işlemler ve mahsül fiyatı arasındaki değerin 0.80 R^2 olduğu farz

edilirse

$160

$40

$200/MT Total

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TEMEL (fark) = NAKİT FİYATI – VADELİ İŞLEM FİYATI

$$$=VADELİ İŞLEM +/- TEMEL

VADELİ İŞLEM PİYASASI (%80’i düşün)

Hedge Yapan

Spekülatör

Düz Fiyat Riski (Standardize)

Futures Price Risk (standardized)

Basis Risk (think 20%)

Hedging is the exchange of flat price risk for basis risk…

Temel BUGÜN’e dair herşeydir, yer, zaman, şekil ve bölgesel Arz/Talep farklarından oluşur

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IRMP Process

Risk Yönetimi Politikası/Planı

Amaçlar & Hedefler

- Risk Toleransı

- Bilgi

- Mali Durum

- Fiziki Varlıklar

Data Analizi /Modelleme

Sanati Zekası - Arzı, Talep, Hava, Politika

- Müşteri günlük, haftalık, aylık özel raporlar

- Webinarlar

Uygulama & Hedging

• Vadeli işlemler • Opsiyonlar • OTC’ler • Nakit • Bekleme

Yıl Sonu Analizi

Ay Sonu Raporu

Eğitim

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Spesifik Karadeniz Metaa Risk Yönetimi

•Primle Satış/Alış vs CME Buğday veya Matif Buğday – Tam risk, takas piyasalarına bağlıdır - Örn. Rus Buğdayı Satışı -8euro/mt.

•Maksimum Fiyat Sözleşmesi – Fiziki alıcı spotta alım yapar, ama hala daha fazla piyasa düşüşüne katılma fırsatları

vardır

•Korelasyon riski yönetmek için çeşitli opsiyon stratejileri

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CME Corn

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Uzun Vadeli İşlemler

Example does not include commissions and fees

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Kısa Nakit – Temel Vadeli İşlemleri/ Swap Hedge

P/L

0 Uzlaşma Fiyatı

Hedge

Kısa nakit

Uzun Vadeli İşlemler

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Satın Al İste

Example does not include commissions and fees

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Satın Al İste

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Collar Satın Al (al iste/sat koy)

Example does not include commissions and fees

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Collar Satın Al (al koy/sat iste)

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3 yol (al iste/sat iste/sat koy)

Example does not include commissions and fees

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3 yol (koy/sat satın al; koy/sat sat)

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Piyasa Sonucu:

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Stratejik Yaklaşım

•İdeal durumda, fiziki piyasa her zaman lehinizdedir. O nedenle, taşımacılık sözleşmesi veya spot satış/alış ideal olur ancak görünüm yanlışsa, kabul edilemez risk oranı yüksek olabilir

– Olumlu Fiziki Fiyat Hareket- Opsiyonları • Opsiyon Maliyeti

– Olumsuz Fiziki Fiyat Hareket- Gelecek • Fiziki ürün için en iyi koruma

– Belirsiz Fiziki Fiyat Hareketi- Collar • Bu strateji öyle yapılandırılır ki fiyat karşısında nötr kalınır

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MATIF Haftalık

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THANK YOU

Спасибо! Дякую!

Teşekkürler

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Matt Ammermann INTL FCStone Financial Inc. FCM Division

+1.952.852.2905 Office

+1.612.759.8360 Mobile

Yahoo I.M: m_ammermann

Skype: matt.ammermann

[email protected]