Proxy MIPv6 구현기술 및 전망

Youn-Hee Hanyhhan@kut.ac.kr

Korea University of Technology and EducationInternet Computing Laboratory

http://icl.kut.ac.kr

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Background

PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) Overview

PMIPv6 Features

69th IETF NetLMM WG Report

PMIPv6 Handover Latency

Implementation Report

Conclusions & Discussion

Outline

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Background - IP Mobility

What is IP Mobility? Handles changes to the IP point of presence Provides transparent session continuity to upper layers (TCP,

UDP, Applications) Forwards packets destined for an “original (home)” IP address

to a “transient (care-of)” IP address Preserve IP Session continuity

출처 : 유비유넷

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Background - IP Mobility

Network-based Mobility Mobility handled by the network, often transparent to the mobile node Directly or indirectly triggered by the mobile node

Host-based Mobility Mobility handled by the mobile node Full involvement of the mobile node

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Background – Why Network-based?

Host-based Mobile IPv4/v6 (RFC 3344/3775) has not been yet deployed that much.

Why host-based MIP is not deployed yet? Too heavy specification to be implemented at a small terminal

RFC 3344 (MIPv4): 99 pages RFC 3775 (MIPv6): 165 pages

Battery problem Waste of air resource

No Stable MIPv4/v6 stack executed in Microsoft Windows OS

3GPP, 3GPP2 and WiMAX operators are now showing their STRONG interests for network-based IP mobility solution

They are even now deploying their non-standardized network-based IP mobility solution (not Mobile IPv4/v6!).

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IETF NetLMM WG started to standardize a network-based mobility management protocol.

63th IETF (2005.7) The first NetLMM BoF

64th IETF (2005.11) The second NetLMM BoF

65th IETF (2006.03) The first NetLMM WG

66th,67th,68th IETF (2006.07, 2006.11, 2007.03) The one of very active WGs in IETF meetings Almost 150~200 persons usually participates in the NetLMM WG Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) adopted as WG item

69th IETF (2007.07) PMIPv6-01 introduced Other issues brought up

Route optimization, Fast Handover, MIPv6 interaction, Multi-homing, etc.

IETF NetLMM WG

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IETF NetLMM WG History

NetLMM DT solution (draft-giaretta-netlmm-dt-protocol) : designed from the scratchCisco’s solution (draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6) : Proxy Mobile IPv6 (leverage MIPv6)Motorola’s solution (draft-singh-netlmm-protocol)WG Chair (James Kempf, NTT) resigned after 67th meeting → Vidya Narayanan (Qualcomm)WG Chair (Phil Roberts, Motorola) resigned after 68th meeting → Jonne Soininen (Nokia)

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IETF PMIPv6 Drafts History Individual

S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-00, October 16, 2006.

S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-01, January 5, 2007.

S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), B. Patil (Nokia), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-02, March 5, 2007.

Official WG Item S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire

Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), B. Patil (Nokia), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6-00.txt, April 8, 2007.

S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), B. Patil (Nokia), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6-01.txt, June 18, 2007.

Internet Drafts of PMIPv6

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Goal This protocol is for providing mobility support to any IPv6 host

within a restricted and topologically localized portion of the network and without requiring the host to participate in any mobility related signaling.

Goal of PMIPv6

PMIPv6 Scenario(being extended)

registration

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PMIPv6 Overview

LMM (Localized Mobility Management)

Domain

MAG

LMA

Proxy Binding Update (PBU)Control message sent by MAG to LMA

to establish a binding between MN-HoA and Proxy-CoA

Home Network

Proxy Care of Address (Proxy-CoA)The address of MAG

That will be the tunnel end-point

IP Tunnel IP-in-IP tunnel between LMA and MAG

MAG

LMA: Localized Mobility AgentMAG: Mobile Access Gateway

LMA Address (LMAA)

MN’ Home Address (MN-HoA) MN continues to use it as long as

it roams within a same domain

That will be the tunnel entry-point

MN’s Home Network (Topological Anchor Point)

MN’s Home Network Prefix (MN-HNP)CAFE:2:/64

movement

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PMIPv6 OverviewNew entities

LMA (Local Mobility Anchor) Home Agent for the mobile node in the PMIPv6 domain Assigns MN's home prefix and manages the MN's reachability state

MAG (Mobile Access Gateway) Manages the mobility related signaling for a mobile node Tracking the mobile node's attachment to the link and for signaling the

MN's LMA

Assumptions (or Restrictions) Link between MN and MAG is a point-to-point link (not shared link)

Logically exclusive layer 3 link between MN and MAG Per-MN Prefix model

unique home network prefix is assigned to MN Support both Steteless and Stateful address configuration modes

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PMIPv6 Operation Flow

MN MAG AAA&Policy Store LMA CN

MN Attachment AAA Query with MN-ID

AAA Reply with ProfileRA*

PBU with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix option, Timestamp option

PBA with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix optionRA**

[MN-HoA:CN](data)[Proxy-CoA:LMAA][MN-HoA:CN](data)

[MN-HoA:CN](data)

Tunnel Setup

PBU: Proxy Binding UpdatePBA: Proxy Binding Ack.

DHCP ServerDHCP Request

DHCP Response

DHCP Request

DHCP Response

Optional

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PMIPv6 Features

Home in Any Place MAG sends the RA (Router Advertisement) messages advertising MN’s

home network prefix and other parameters MAG will emulate the home link on its access link.

MN always obtain its “home network prefix”, any where in the network. It will ensure that MN believes it is at its home.

M:1 Tunnel LMA-MAG tunnel is a shared tunnel among many MNs. One tunnel is associated to multiple MNs’ Binding Caches.

RA Unicast RA should be UNICASTed to an MN It will contain MN’s Home Network Prefix

Per-MN Prefix

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PMIPv6 Features

Proxy Registration LMA needs to understand the Proxy Registration RFC 3775 MIPv6 BU/BAck Reuse

PBU (Proxy Binding Update)

PBA (Proxy Binding Acknowledgement)

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PMIPv6 Features

LMA’s Prefix-based Routing LMA will add prefix routes to MN’s home network prefix over

the tunnel.

MAG establishes IPv6 in IPv6 tunnel with LMARouting State for a MN stored in MAG

Routing State for a MN stored in LMA

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PMIPv6 Features

Any MN is just a IPv6 host Any MN is just a IPv6 host with its protocol operation

consistent with the base IPv6 specification. All aspects of Neighbor Discovery Protocol will not change. IPv6 protocol parameter consideration

Lower default-router list cache timeout

LLA: Link Local Address (e.g., MAC Address)

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69th IETF NetLMM WG Report

Base protocol and IPv4 support reasonably stable More reviews and updates needed before the documents can be

sent to last call

PMIP6-MIP6 interactions work in progressNext steps to be discussed after current work progress to last callIETF NetLMM WG Milestones

Done Initial version of the Protocol draft submitted Done Initial version of the IPv4 support document Aug 07 Initial version of the PMIP6-MIP6 interactions document Aug 07 WG LC on MN-AR document Aug 07 WG LC on the Protocol document Sep 07 WG LC on the IPv4 support document Oct 07 WG LC on the PMIP6-MIP6 Interactions document Oct 07 Submit Protocol, IPv4 support and MN-AR documents for AD

review Nov 07 Submit PMIP6-MIP6 Interactions document for AD review Dec 07 Re-charter

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PMIPv6 Handover Latency Comparison

Reference Models and Parameters

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PMIPv6 Handover Latency Comparison

Mobile IPv6

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Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (Intra-domain)

PMIPv6 Handover Latency Comparison

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Proxy Mobile IPv6

PMIPv6 Handover Latency Comparison

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Comparison Results

PMIPv6 Handover Latency Comparison

MIPv6 HMIPv6 PMIPv6

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System Block Diagram

Implementation Report

IPv6 Networking(MIPv6 patched)

<Kernel>

<User>

WLAN Driver

HostAP daemon

(WLAN AP functionality)

PMIPv6 MAG daemon

(MIPv6-MN)

MAG

App.

control

data

NetlinkRtNetlink

IPv6 Networking(MIPv6 patched)

<Kernel>

<User>

LAN Driver

PMIPv6 LMA daemon

(MIPv6-HA)

LMA

App.

control

data

NetlinkRtNetlink

IEEE 802.11 MAC Control

Link-Up Event

Link-Up Event Processing

Address Configuration

IP Routing Processing

PBU/PBAck

IPv6 ND Message Exchange

Data Packets

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System Block Diagram HostAP daemon

WLAN driver 와 연동하여 AP 의 본 기능과 WPA 인증 기능 수행

PMIP MAG/LMA daemon MIPv6 daemon 을 수정하여 PMIP 기능 수행

NetLink/RtNetLink 라우팅 테이블 , 터널링 , IP 주소 관리 , Link Up/Down 관련 기능

수행

IPv6 Networking IPv6 networking kernel part, MIPv6 를 위한 patch 가 적용됨

Implementation Report

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Testbed Setup MAG (MAG1, MAG2)

CPU: Intel Pentium 4, 3.00GHz 802.11 NIC: Linksys Dual-Band Wireless A+G

PCI Adapter WMP-55AG (Atheros Chipset) OS: Debian 3.1 sarge, kernel 2.6.10

LMA CPU: Intel Pentium 4, 1.80GHz OS: Debian 3.1 sarge,

kernel 2.6.10

CN, MN CPU: Intel Pentium 4,

1.80GHz, 1.6 GHz OS: Windows XP, SP2

VoD Streaming Software CN: VLC media server MN: VLC media player

Test Results http://icl.kut.ac.kr/lab/pmip6_test.wmv

Implementation Report

HUBMAG1 MAG2

CN

eth0) 192.168.2.13ffe:2::1/64

eth0) 192.168.2.33ffe:2::3/64 eth2) 163.152.45.236

eth0) 192.168.1.13ffe:1::1/64

eth0) 192.168.1.33ffe:1::3/64

eth0) 192.168.1.23ffe:1::2/64

ra0) 192.168.101.13ffe:1:1::1/64

ra0) 192.168.102.13ffe:1:2::1/64

Prefix Pool to be allocated to MN by LMA

3ffe:1:3:1::/64~

3ffe:1:3:ffff::/64

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IPv6 Link Model in WiBro

PMIPv6 over WiBro

PSS 1

PSS 2

PSS 3

PSS 4

PSS 5

PSS 6

RAS 1

RAS 2

RAS 3

ACR/MAG 1

ACR/MAG 2

IP Link An ACR Multiple RASs attached to the ACR Multiple PSSs attached to these

RASs

ACR is the first hop access router of a PSS.

Even from IP perspective, an PSS cannot communicate with another PSS directly. All traffic go through an AR.

It implies that an PSS's on-link neighbor is only an AR.

Peer-to-peer Model

IP Link 1

IP Link 2

Ref.] S. Madanapalli, “Analysis of IPv6 Link Models for IEEE 802.16 Based Networks,” RFC4968, Aug. 2007

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Prefix Model Selection

PMIPv6 over WiBro

Ref.] S. Madanapalli, “Analysis of IPv6 Link Models for IEEE 802.16 Based Networks,” RFC4968, Aug. 2007

Shared Prefix Model

L3

L2

PSS 1

RAS

ACR/MAG

Wireless Peer-to-Peer Connection

GRE Tunnel

IPv6 (Shared Prefix Model)

L2 RAS GRE Tunnel

L3

PSS 2

IPv6 (Shared Prefix Model)

Unique Prefix Model

L3

L2

PSS 1

RASACR/MAG

Wireless Peer-to-Peer Connection

GRE Tunnel

IPv6 (Unique Prefix Model)

L2 RAS GRE Tunnel

L3

PSS 2

IPv6 (Unique Prefix Model)

Current Should be changed to…

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PMIPv6 can be a way to facilitate the deployment of IP mobility Favorable to ISPs PMIPv6 is New Idea?

Absolutely No!, but new trend!. It’s a turn for the better! In the handover latency aspect, PMIPv6 is very good protocol!

More Study and Standardization Needed Route Optimization in PMIPv6 Fast Handover in PMIPv6 Multihoming Cross-layering Issues

PMIPv6 over IEEE 802.16/WiBro Fast Handover with leverage of IEEE 802.21

New Research Areas Network-based Global Mobility PMIPv6-based NeMo (MANEMO) PMIPv6-based 6LowPAN Sensor Node Mobility

Conclusions & Discussion