Protozoa Phyla. List of Phyla Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., Amoeba) Amoeba-like organisms (e.g.,...
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Transcript of Protozoa Phyla. List of Phyla Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., Amoeba) Amoeba-like organisms (e.g.,...
![Page 1: Protozoa Phyla. List of Phyla Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., Amoeba) Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., Amoeba) Phylum Euglenozoa Phylum Euglenozoa Subphylum.](https://reader033.fdocument.pub/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649d965503460f94a7fbe7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Protozoa Protozoa PhylaPhyla
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List of PhylaList of Phyla
Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., Amoeba-like organisms (e.g., AmoebaAmoeba)) Phylum EuglenozoaPhylum Euglenozoa
Subphylum Euglenida (e.g., Subphylum Euglenida (e.g., EuglenaEuglena)) Subphylum Kinetoplasta (e.g., Subphylum Kinetoplasta (e.g.,
TrypanosomaTrypanosoma)) Phylum Chlorophyta (e.g., Phylum Chlorophyta (e.g., VolvoxVolvox)) Phylum Apicomplexa (e.g., Phylum Apicomplexa (e.g., PlasmodiumPlasmodium)) Phylum Ciliophora (e.g., Phylum Ciliophora (e.g., ParameciumParamecium))
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General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics
Single-celled or unicellular Single-celled or unicellular organisms; some live in colonies; organisms; some live in colonies;
Size = microscopic (3 to 1,000 Size = microscopic (3 to 1,000 microns).microns).
No germ layers, tissues, or organs; No germ layers, tissues, or organs; However, specialized intracellular However, specialized intracellular
"organelles" are present"organelles" are present
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General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics
Locomotion by pseudopodia, flagella, Locomotion by pseudopodia, flagella, or cilia.or cilia.
Symmetry = all types (bilateral, radial, Symmetry = all types (bilateral, radial, spherical, or asymmetrical)spherical, or asymmetrical)
Free living, commensal, parasitic, or Free living, commensal, parasitic, or mutualisticmutualistic
Mostly naked, but few have simple Mostly naked, but few have simple protective exoskeletons (tests). Ex. = protective exoskeletons (tests). Ex. = ArcellaArcella
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General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics
Nutrition = autotrophic (holophytic), Nutrition = autotrophic (holophytic), saprozoic, saprophytic, or holozoic.saprozoic, saprophytic, or holozoic.
Reproduction: asexual = longitudinal Reproduction: asexual = longitudinal and transverse binary fission, and transverse binary fission, budding, budding,
Sexual = sporogony, and autogamySexual = sporogony, and autogamy
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Amoeba-like organismsAmoeba-like organisms
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Amoeba-like organismsAmoeba-like organisms
Organisms move by pseudopodia, Organisms move by pseudopodia, flagella, or a combinationflagella, or a combination
Monomorphic nucleiMonomorphic nuclei Genera Genera
AmoebaAmoeba- without a test, naked - without a test, naked ArcellaArcella- with a calcareous test- with a calcareous test
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Figure 11.10Figure 11.10
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AmoebaAmoeba
Contractile Vacuole
Nucleus
Food Vacuole
Phagocytosis
Pseudopod
Hyaline Cap
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Figure 11.05Figure 11.05Amoeba huntingfood
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ArcellaArcella
Test
Pseudopod
Side View
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ArcellaArcella
Top View Nucleus
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Phylum EuglenozoaPhylum Euglenozoa
Organisms move Organisms move by one or two by one or two flagella flagella
Monomorphic Monomorphic nucleinuclei
Capable of Capable of photosynthesis; photosynthesis; chloroplasts chloroplasts usually presentusually present
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Subphylum EuglenidaSubphylum Euglenida
Plant like organismsPlant like organisms SolitarySolitary Can photosynthesizeCan photosynthesize
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Euglena
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EuglenaEuglena
Stigma
Contractile Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Flagellum notvisible
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Subphylum KinetoplastaSubphylum Kinetoplasta
Organisms are only Organisms are only heterotrophicheterotrophic
No chloroplasts No chloroplasts presentpresent
all parasiticall parasitic
Trypanosoma smear – cause of sleeping sicknessOrganism
Red Blood Cells
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Trypanasoma Trypanasoma
Trypanosoma organism
Red Blood Cells
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Phylum ChlorophytaPhylum Chlorophyta
Flagellated single or colonial Flagellated single or colonial organismsorganisms
Are autotrophicAre autotrophic Have chloroplasts with chlorophyllHave chloroplasts with chlorophyll Genetically different from Genetically different from
EuglenozoaEuglenozoa
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Figure 11.20Figure 11.20Volvox life cycle
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VolvoxVolvox
Egg
MotherColony
Zygote
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Mother Colony
Daughter Colonies
Nuclei of individualcells
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Phylum ApicomplexaPhylum Apicomplexa
organisms do not organisms do not have locomotor have locomotor structures; structures;
all species are all species are parasiticparasitic
asexual asexual reproduction reproduction involves involves schizogonyschizogony
Plasmodium smear – cause of Malaria
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Plasmodium – agentFor malaria
Final Host
Vector
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Trophozooite
trophozoitemerozoite
Ring stage
Red blood cell
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Ring stage – Early Trophozoite
Ring stage in red blood cell
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Merozoites in the Schizont
Schizont with merozoites in red blood cell
Red blood cell
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Gametocytes
Female Male
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Phylum CiliophoraPhylum CiliophoraThe CiliatesThe Ciliates
Organisms move by ciliaOrganisms move by cilia Usually two sizes of nuclei Usually two sizes of nuclei Macronucleus and micronucleusMacronucleus and micronucleus Reproduction usually by transverse Reproduction usually by transverse
binary fissionbinary fission but sexual reproduction by conjugationbut sexual reproduction by conjugation
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Paramecium
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Binary Fission – Asexual Binary Fission – Asexual ReproductionReproduction
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Conjugation – sexual reproductionConjugation – sexual reproduction
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Vorticella Vorticella
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StentorStentor