PRESENT PERFECT

SUJ + HAVE /HAS + vIII

I II III (VERBOS IRREGULARES)

VERBOS REGULARES (ED)SEGUNDO E TERCEIRA COLUNA SÃO IGUAIS

• WORK - WORKED - WORKED• STUDY - STUDIED - STUDIED• PLAY - PLAYED - PLAYED

NÃO CONFUNDAPresent Perfect x Simple Past

O Simple Past refere-se apenas a ações passadas que acabaram em um tempo definido no passado:

I worked yesterday. (Simple Past)(EU TRABALHEI ONTEM)

 O Present Perfect pode expressar ações passadas que acabaram em um tempo não definido no passado ou ações que ainda não terminaram:

I have worked hard. (Present Perfect)(EU TRABALHEI BASTANTE)

(EU TENHO TRABALHADO BASTANTE)

Não use com datas dizendo quando aconteceu.

• Veja a diferença: • Present Perfect: • My family has traveled to London.

• Simple Past: • My family traveled to London in 2005.

• Quando usar o Present Simple:

1- Ações que acabaram de acontecer. (JUST = RECÉM, HÁ POUCO, ACABOU DE...)

They have just left. (Eles acabaram de sair).

Jane has just made the lunch. (Jane acabou de preparar o almoço).

2 – EXPERIÊNCIAS E REALIZAÇÕES SEM DATA FINAL (APENAS INICIAL).

SINCE (DESDE DE), FOR (HÁ, FAZ)

- I have worked at La Salle for 1 year. (Eu trabalho no La Salle faz 1 ano).

- I have worked at La Salle since 2013. (Eu trabalho no La Salle desde 2013).

- She has travelled to London twice.- (ela viajou para Londres duas vezes)

3- Ações que começaram no passado e e têm resultado no presente.

- I have exercised, so I am stronger now.(Eu tenho me exercitado, então eu estou mais forte agora).

- I know how to use a camera because I have done a course(eu sei usar uma câmera pois eu fiz um curso)

4- Ações que ocorreram em um tempo não determinado (indefinido) no passado.

• I have been to the U.S.A. (Eu estive nos E.U.A.)

• She has traveled to England. (Ela viajou para a Inglaterra).

• You have made a delicious apple pie. (Você fez uma torta de maçã deliciosa).

OBS: SE HOUVER DATA USAMOS O SIMPLE PAST (SHE TRAVELD TO ENGLAND IN 2001)

FORMA POSITIVASujeito + have/has + III + complemento

Susan has been to England. (Susan esteve na Inglaterra).

We have studied a lot for the test. (Nós temos estudado bastante para a prova)

III• He has broken his leg. • (Ele quebrou a perna.)

• We have bought new clothes. • (Nós compramos roupas novas.)

HAVE/HAS + III

1. Peter _________(steal) my trainers!

2. I _________(buy) this magazine.

3. We ______ (write) three pages this afternoon.

ANSWERS

• 1. Peter has stolen (steal) my trainers!•

2. I have bought (buy) this magazine.•

3. We have written (write) three pages this afternoon.

HAVE/HAS + III

• 1. You _________(ask) that question three times so far.

• 2. My daughter _________(have) a boyfriend for 2 months.

• 3. I _________(be) interested in technology since last year.

ANSWERS

• 1. You have asked (ask) that question three times so far.

•2. My daughter has had (have) a boyfriend for several months.

•3. I have been (be) interested in technology since last year.

• 1. I ___________(drink) some tea.

• 2. She _________(live) in Warsaw for two years.

• 3. I ____________ (see) this film before.

FORMA INTERROGATIVA:HAVE/HAS + SUJ + III

• Have you already talked to your boss? • (Você já falou com o seu chefe?)

• Have they lived in Amsterdam? • (Eles moraram em Amsterdã?)

• Has he found his wallet? • (Ele encontrou a carteira dele?)

• Have you ever been in the United States? • (Você ja esteve nos Estados Unidos?)

MUDE A AFIRMATIVA PARA A INTERROGATIVA (HAVE/HAS + SUJ + III)

• 1. I have eaten an apple

• 2. You have bought some bread.

• 3. He has travelled a lot.

• 4. We have been to London.

• 5. They have lost their dog

ANSWERS

• 1. Have I eaten an apple?

• 2. Have you bought some bread?

• 3. Has he travelled a lot?

• 4. Have we been to London?

• 5. Have they lost their dog?

- FORMA NEGATIVA:SUJ + HAVE/HAS NOT + III

HAVEN´T / HASN´T

• They have not heard what I've told. • (Eles não escutaram o que eu falei.)

• You have not eaten anything so far. • (Você não comeu nada até agora.)

• We have not done our homework. • (Não fizemos nossa lição de casa.)

COMPLETAR AS FRASESHAVE/HAS+ not + III

• 1. She _____ (not/see) her son for a long time.

•2. I _________ (not/revise) my lessons.

• 3. The children ______ (not/eat) anything. •

4. Emilio ______ (not/speak) to the boss.

HAS NOT = HASN’THAVE NOT = HAVEN´T

• 1. She has not seen her son for a long time.•

2. I have not revised my lessons.

• 3. The children have not eaten anything.•

4. Emilio has not spoken to the boss.

MUDE A AFIRMATIVA PARA A NEGATIVA (SUJ + HAVEN´T – HASN´T + III)

• 1. I have eaten an apple

• 2. You have bought some bread.

• 3. He has travelled a lot.

• 4. We have been to London.

• 5. They have lost their dog

ADVÉRBIOS DE TEMPO

• ALREADY = JÁ (+)• JUST = RECÉM• YET = AINDA (-), JÁ (?)• NEVER = NUNCA (+)• EVER = JÁ (?)• SINCE (DESDE) SEGUIDO POR UMA DATA• FOR (HÁ, POR, FAZ) SEGUIDO POR UM

PERÍODO DE TEMPO

EXAMPLES

• Since 1960, Since yesterday.• For six days, For a long time.• I have just gone out.• I haven't finished yet.• I have already finished.• He has never seen a snake.• I have always written with my right hand.

HAVE/ HAS + III

• 1. She ________ (to stop) smoking since the birth of her baby.

• 2. He ______ (to be) in the Navy for two years. • 3. She ________ (to become) jealous since the

birth of her brother. • 4. They _______ (never / tell) the truth. • 5. My teacher _______ (always / help) me to

improve my level.

ANSWERS

• 1. She has stopped (to stop) smoking since the birth of her baby.

• 2. He has been (to be) in the Navy for two years.• 3. She has become (to become) jealous since

the birth of her brother.• 4. They have never told (never / tell) the truth.• 5. My teacher has always helped(always / help)

me to improve my level.

Exam pre answers• 1. You [No answer] have asked (ask) that question three times so far.• 2. My daughter [No answer] has had (have) a boyfriend for several

months.• 3. I [No answer] have been (be) interested in computer technology

since last year.• 4. My parents [No answer] have been (be) married for 25 years.• 5. I [No answer] have read (read) it but I don't understand it.• 6. He [No answer] has been (be) in the army for two years.• 7. I [No answer] have already drunk (already / drink) some tea.• 8. She [No answer] has lived (live) in Warsaw for two years.• 9. I [No answer] have never seen (never / see) this film before.• 10. The police [No answer] have arrested (arrest) two dangerous

criminals.

• 1. My neighbour [No answer] has just bought a new car. (to buy / just)• 2. My cousins [No answer] haven't decided where to go on holiday,

perhaps in England. (not to decide)• 3. Alex [No answer] has gone to the cinema with his girlfriend. (to go)• 4. I [No answer] have seen 'the good, the bad and the ugly ' : I like it (to

see)• 5. [No answer] have you ever been to France ? (to be / you / ever)• 6. Julien [No answer] has just met his friend. (to meet / just)• 7. Recently, we [No answer] have had many parties with our friends. (to

have)• 8. What [No answer] have you done during the holidays? (to do / you)• 9. He [No answer] has never worked (never/ to work)• 10. [No answer] Have you already finished (finish / already / you) ?

• 2. Roy [No answer] has just finished (finish-just) repairing the washing-machine,you can use it now.

• 3. His worst memory: when he [No answer] had (have) to swim in the North Seas.

• 6. What is the most frightening experience [No answer] you have ever had (you-have-ever) ?

• 7. Many students in my class [No answer] have already travelled (travel-already) abroad.

• 8. I [No answer] have never stolen (steal-never) anything in my life.