prak pa respi.ppt
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PRAKTIKUM
BLOK RESPIRASI
DEPARTEMEN PATOLOGI ANATOMI
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
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NASOPHARYNG CARCINOMANASOPHARYNG CARCINOMA
POLIP NASIPOLIP NASI
TBC PARUTBC PARU
KARSINOMA PARU PRIMERKARSINOMA PARU PRIMER
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KARSINOMA NASOPHARING
♂ > ♀ ( > 40 th)
Kanker ke-4(cervix,
mammae,
KGB)
Asia Tenggara ↑↑(Mng!i" #$hina )
$hina %00 x Ka&kasia
'n"nesia 4, # %00*000#thn(+&m&t 00#thn)
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.'/M'1G'
2000 3 r ar& # thn (5 6 78 r)
'nsi"en
.a!ing ↑ (9ngkng) 'ns : 8 tah&n % "ari 40 ♂ ." "aerah resik ↑ &sia m&"a (40 ; 30 tah&n)
♂ ♀ < 2 %
migrasi =en"&"&k (negara resik tinggi resik ren"ah) resik teta= tinggi*
.a"a generasi erik&tna resik ?.$ @
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FAKTOR ETIOLOGI
G?T'K 1'?GK?GA?
'?K+' C'D+.+T'?-BADD
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?as=hargea!=ithe!i&m
Germline Mutations
(Major Genes)Gene Polymorphous
(Minor Genes)
EB In!e"tionEB In!e"tionEB In!e"tion
En#iromental
$ar"ino%enes
irst EhitFFirst &hit'
e"on &hit'
Be!ore *irth
e"on &hit'
$hil
Ault
A%e
Majority o! +P$
In hi%h pre#alen"e areas
Inherite +P$
porai"
+P$
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In!e,si irus Epstein-Barr
9&&ngan k&at ?.$ inHeksi BC
+eagian ?.$ ka"ar 'g-A Ag BC me ↑
/iI&m=ai BC /?A # D?A =a"a se! t&mr
Fa,tor resi,o ./iet kns&msi ↑ makanan aJetan
(v!ati! nitrsamin "i"&ga karsingenesis) 'nsi"en ?.$ ↑
aktr !ingk&ngan Asa= rkk
Asa= "e& kimia
.a=aran Lat Hrma!"ehi"
.a=aran ra"iasi
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.emeriksaan im&nhistkimia
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PEMERIKAA+ PATOLOGI
MAKROKOPI
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MIKROKOPI
+on,eratini/in%
$aKeratini/in% $$ Basaloi $$
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?nkeratiniLing +$$ (?.$)
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Basa!i" +$$ (?.$)
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?as=harngea! carcinma
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TERAPI
+P$
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POLIP +AI
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Makroskopis- .!i= massa "engan =erm&kaan !icin,&!at# !nIng, erJarna =&cat kea&-a&an, !&!ar, "a=at t&ngga!#m&!ti=e! "an
ti"ak sensitiH- arna =&cat "iseakan !eh se"ikitna
a!iran "arah ke =!i=- Bi!a iritasi krnis ata& =era"angan "a=at
er&ah menIa"i kemerah-merahan- .!i= ang s&"ah menah&n Jarnana
"a=at menIa"i kek&ning-k&ningan
anak mengan"&ng Iaringan ikat*
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Mikroskopis
.!i= ter"iri atas Iaringan strma m&ki"ang !nggar "an ke!enIar m&k&s "i!a=isi!eh e=ite! res=iratri
Naringan "iinHi!trasi !eh 1im=sit, se!=!asma, se! mast, ne&trHi!, "an esinHi!
Ka"ang-ka"ang se!na mem=&nai inti ang
esar ang hi=erkrmatin "an sit=!asmairreg&!er "an =!gna! sehingga sering"isa!ah artikan "engan sarcma
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T&erk&!sis a"a!ah
+&at& =enakit gran&!matsa krnismen&!ar ang "iseakan !ehMycobacterium tuberculosis.
/eHinisi
TUBERKULOSIS
PARU
Definisi T&erk&!sis a"a!ah
+&at& =enakit gran&!matsakrnis men&!ar ang "iseakan
!eh Mycobacterium tuberculosis
/eHinisi
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Mycobacterium Mer&=akan rganisme erent&k
atang !angsing ang tahan asam*
Etiologi
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Pembagian
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Predileksi
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Mer&=akan ent&k =enakit angterIa"i =a"a rang ang e!&m
=ernah ter=aIan
Ter!etak =a"a agian "ista! "ari
!&s atas ata& "aerah atas "ari!&s aJah
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Morfologi
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T&erk&!sis =ar& =rimer,km=!ek Ghnk&s =a"a =arenkim =ar& erJarna =&tih a&-a& "iaJah
=!e&ra =a"a !&s atas*1im=h n"e "engan massa kasesa(=erkiI&an)tam=ak =a"a see!ah kiri*
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.!a =enakit ang erkemang=a"a t&an r&mah ang
"ah&!&na s&"ah tersensitisasi
Ter!etak ham=ir se!a!& =a"a
a=ek "ari sat& ata& "&a !&s
atas
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T&erk&!sis =ar& sek&n"er,tam=ak =a"a agian ataske"&a =ar& "aerah erisi massa kasesa erJarna =&tih
a&-a&,"aerah !&nak "an er!&ang-!&ang(kavitasi)*
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A=ai!a Hk&s-Hk&s inHeksi ter"a=at
=a"a seagian esar ata& se!&r&hagian =ar&*
T&erk&!sis mi!ier sistemik terIa"i i!a
Hk&s inHektiH =a"a =ar& mas&k ke
a!iran vena =ar& ke Iant&ng,inHeksi
se!anI&tna menear me!a!&i sistem
"arah sistemik "an "a=at menerang
eragai rgan t&&h*
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Tc mi!ier =a"a !im=a, tam=ak anak massakasesa erJarna =&tih a&-a&
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Gambaran Khas
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+e&ah t&erke! khas =a"a =emesaaran !emah
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Menggamarkan =erkeI&an gran&!ar "itengah ang "ike!i!ingi !eh se!e=ite!i" "an se! raksasa ang erinti anak*'ni mer&=akan res=nim&n ang !aLim ang "item&kan =a"a =asien ang mami!iki res=n
im&n se!&!ar terha"a= mikrrganisme*
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Ka"ang-ka"ang =a"a =asien im&nkm=eten, gran&!ma t&erk&!sism&ngkin ti"ak mem=er!ihatkan =erkeI&an "itengah,!eh karenait&,tan=a me!ihat a"ana nekrsis =erkeI&an,
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.eJarnaan kh&s&s &nt&k rganisme tahan asam har&s "i!ak&kan i!a "a!am se"iaanhist!gik "item&kan gran&!ma*.a"a rang "engan =enekanan kekea!an,t&erk&!sis m&ngkin ti"ak memic& res=n gran&!matsa (t&erk&!sannreaktiH),nam&n ang ter!ihat a"a!ah !emaran-!emaran histisit er&sa ang
=en&h mikrakteria "an "a=at "i&ktikan "engan =eJarnaan tahan asam*
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TMD .D'MD
.AD
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Pendahuluan
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Etiologi
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A0E+OKARI+OMA
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Makroskopis
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Mikroskopis
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