Platforms for Gateways 2 - UC3M › ... › docencia › doctorado › 2006 ›...
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Communication platformsCommunication platformsfor industrial and for industrial and residential gateways (II)residential gateways (II)
Prof. Dr. Ralf E.D. SeepoldProf. Dr. Ralf E.D. Seepold
DepartamentoDepartamento de de IngenierIngenierííaa TelemTelemááticaticaUniversidad Carlos III de MadridUniversidad Carlos III de [email protected]@uc3m.es
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Outline
Home and industrial NetworkingPowerlinePhonelineWirelessOthers
Service platformsSituation in smart home marketStandardsOpen Service Gateway Initiative (OSGi)
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Definition of service gateways
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Regional view
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Market Trend
117 million broadband homes worldwide by 200575% will have home networks *
PCs first, STB and media devices next•
Explosive growth of networking devices, especially for the segments data and entertainment networks°2003: More than 25% of US-broadband homes have home networks (2008: 44%).�
By 2005: 20% of the European households being equipped with a network.°Consumers consider the current network of computers and various consumer electronics too difficult and expensive.X • MorganStanley
* DSL Forum�Forrester Research° Data MonitorX Accenture
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The Emerging Product Scenario
UsersThe distinction between what is in the box and what is outside will blur: user will enjoy the combinationThe flexible devices shall be able to manage new applications when other functions will enter the home
Device ManufacturersMultiplicity of new devices will have (always on) internet connectionA service platform enables lifetime cycle management and renewable applications
Service ProvidersEach device will be a potential target for added value serviceThe possibility to run a service on different target appliance will boost the addressable market
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* Yankee Group Home Networking 2002
Increasing Consumer Requirements Smart Home/Health Care
Device ConnectivityRemote Diagnosis and MaintenanceShared Internet access (50%)*Shared data and information (45%)* Service Delivery on command
EntertainmentHome Care Remote security services Energy saving options (special
contracts/remote maintenance of the heating system)
No new wires (WiFi, HomePNA, + HomePlug)
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Integration today
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Integration in the future
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Universal Plug and Playwww.upnp.org
Device Discovery and Control Protocol for IP networks in the home and SOHO
Main focus on TCP/IP-capable devices: PC-centric approachAim: Integration of home appliances by the use of the Simple Control Protocol (SCP – provided by Microsoft)Specification
Discovery Mechanism Data Exchange Mechanism (no source code download)Device Control: Control Points (e.g. Server) versus Devices (“Container”)Device Control Protocols (interfaces and capabilities of devices)Presentation Layer
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UPnP Benefits and Targets
TargetsData transmission network for devices via plug and play functionalityService Sharing
BenefitsWidely supported networking specificationNo device configuration, just Plug & PlaySmall footprint software component on the deviceIndependent of OS, language, or physical connectivity
Main DisadvantageNo focus on update and security mechanism
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MHP Multimedia Home Platform www.mhp.org
SW Platform Standard for the processing of entertainment and multimedia content
SpecificationBased on Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) - same system for Satellite, Cable, TerrestrialThe core is based on the platform DVB-J (includes a Sun Microsystems’ Java Virtual Machine) Java APIs provide interfaces between applications in the JVM and the functions of the DVB receiver Provides a set of transport protocols, a set of application signaling protocol and a security model 3 profiles - Enhanced TV, Interactive TV, Internet TV Supports many kinds of applications, e.g. ■ EPG / Information services / e-commerce / secure transactions
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MHP Benefits and Targets
Targets End-to-end chain for processing of entertainment/multimedia contentTV Centric (e.g. MHP-STB)
BenefitsSecure, Open, Scalable Platform (Java as underlying technology)Security Model - how to authenticate applicationsModular Platform: Open for Third Party DevelopmentPlatform-independent ContentEuropean Content Processing Standard, increasing worldwide acceptance
Main DisadvantageNo Life-Cycle ManagementRestricted to Entertainment and Multimedia Content
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Facility Mmgt. Tech.
Facility Mmgt. Tech.
Wired: Powerline, Twisted pair, Radio coax cable, Fibre glas // Wireless: DECT, Wireless LAN, Bluetooth
ITIT Enter-tainment
Enter-tainment
White Goods
White Goods
VoiceVoice
Bandwidth: LowQuality: RealTime
Bandwidth: HighQuality: Lower to High
Bandwidth: LowerQuality: RealTime
Bandwidth: LowQuality: Medium
Bandwidth: Very HighQuality: High
Application: Energy Mgmt, Heating, Air Conditioning, Lights, Blends, Access Control
Application: Children Control, Gaming, Firewall, Tele-Working, Video conferences etc.
Application: VOD, Gaming, TV, MP3, Radio, Music, etc.
Application: Energy Management, Controlling etc.
Application: CLIP, SMS, Voice Butler, etc.
Facility IT Entertainment White Goods Voice
Application Sharing
EHS, Proprietary, LON, EIB, X10 ...
Analog, 802.X, FireWire, USB, Proprietary, IRDA, Bluetooth ...
SIP, ISDN, POTS, H323, DECT ...
EHS, Proprietary, LON, EIB, X10 ...
FireWire, Bluetooth, 802.X, USB, Serial, IRDA ...
Residential Network Structures
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The OSGi Alliance is an independent non-profit cross-industrial corporation that provides for the fair and uniform creation and distribution of relevant intellectual property – including specifications, reference implementations, and test suites – to all its Members.
What is the OSGi Alliance?
OSGi AllianceMembers by Region
41% 32%
27%
Asia/Pacific
EMEA
North/South America
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OSGi: Expert Groups (I)
Core Platform Expert GroupThe Core Platform Expert Group (CPEG) defines the core platform specifications and APIs that the OSGi requires. The CPEG is focused on components that form the execution environment for OSGi services and provides the fundamental services for all OSGi environments.
Vehicle Expert GroupThe Vehicle Expert Group (VEG) is working on tailoring and extending the generic OSGi core specifications for use in in-vehicle environments. The VEG receives much of the input from automotive, telematics and transport member companies to ensure the specifications produced are well suited to their target environment.
Architecture Expert GroupThe Architecture Expert Group (AEG) is a little different from the other highly specific EGs. It acts as the co-ordination function and it is through the AEG that new work items are brought into the community. In addition the AEG acts as the home for the Technical Steering Committee.
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OSGi: Expert Groups (II)
Device Expert Group (DEG)Security Expert Group (SEG)Remote Management Expert Group (RMEG)
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Members4DHomeNet, Inc.Alpine Electronics Europe GmbhAtinav Inc.BMWCablevision SystemsConnected Systems, Inc.Easenergy, Inc.Electricite de France (EDF)EricssonETRIGatespace ABIBM CorporationJentro AGLegend Computer System Ltd.Metavector TechnologiesMotorola, Inc.Object XP AGOracle CorporationPanasonicPhilipsRobert Bosch GmbhSchneider Electric SASharp CorporationSprint Communications Company, L.Sun MicrosystemsTelcordia TechnologiesTelia ResearchToshiba CorporationVerizonWind River Systems
AcuniaAMI-CBellSouth Telecommunications, Inc.Bombardier TransportationCoactive NetworksDeutsche TelekomEchelon CorporationElisa Communications CorporationEspial Group, Inc.France TelecomHewlett-PackardITP ASKDD R&D Laboratories Inc.Lucent TechnologiesMitsubishi Electric CorporationNTTOn Technology UK, LtdP&S Datacom CorporationPatriot Scientific Corp. (PTSC)ProSyst Software AGSamsung Electronics Co., LTDSiemens VDO AutomotiveSonera CorporationP.Sony CorporationTAC ABTelefonica I+DTexas Instruments, Inc.TLONWhirlpool Corporation
OSGi AllianceMembers by Region
41% 38%
21%
Asia/Pacific
EMEA
North/South America
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What is the OSGi Service Platform?
The OSGi Service Platform is an open software standardthat provides a common platform for service providers, device manufacturers, and others to remotely and dynamically deliver, integrate, and manage a rich set of valuable services to building, home, mobile, vehicle and other environments.
• Release 1 May, 2000• Release 2 October, 2001• Release 3 1Q2003• Publicly available at www.osgi.org
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Implementations of OSGi Service Platform Release 2
4DHomeNet (www.4dhome.net)ACUNIA (www.acunia.com)Atinav Inc. (www.atinav.com)Connected Systems (http://www.connectedsys.com/)Echelon LonWorks Bundle Deployment Kit (http://www.echelon.com/products/OSGi/Default.htm)Espial (www.espial.com)Gatespace AB (http://www.gatespace.com/)IBM (http://www.ibm.com)Jentro (www.jentro.com)Opensugar (http://www.opensugar.com/)OSCAR - Open source framework (http://sourceforge.net/projects/oscar-osgi)ProSyst Software (http://www.prosyst.com/solutions_html/mbeddedbuilder.html)Samsung (www.samsung.com)Sun Microsystems Inc. (www.sunmicrosystems.com)Siemens VDO Automotive (www.siemensvdo.com)
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Release 3 Extensions
Framework
OSGi Specifications Content
Execution Environment
Devic
e Man
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Log S
ervic
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User
Adm
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Tra
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Confi
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Prefe
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ervic
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Pack
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Perm
ission
Adm
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R2
Conn
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Ser
vice
Posit
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XML P
arse
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UPnP
Ser
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JiniS
ervic
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Wire
Adm
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Meas
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Star
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R3
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OSGi and well-known standards
HAVi
LonWorks
Bluetooth
802.11Home Plug
HomePNA
HomeRF
CEBus
OSGi
AMIC DVB/MHPVertical/Industry
Service Delivery
Local Network
DSL PowerlineCable WirelessBroadband Network
JINI
UPnP
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Scenarios of OSGi
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Embedding of services with OSGi
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Architecture
Hardware
BundleBundle
Bundle
Operating System
OSGi
Java VM
Bundle (Application)
Driver Driver Driver
= service interfaceexported and importedby bundles
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THE framework
General-purpose, secure managed Java frameworkSupport deployment of extensible and downloadable service applications (BUNDLES)OSGi-compliant devices
Load/unload bundlesBundle installation and update management
Can be done dynamically■ New■ Update
Support bundle developmentDecouple service specification and service implementation
Independence from service providerPrioritisation possible
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Bundle
Bundles ≡ ApplicationsComprise Java classes and other resources
To end-usersTo other bundles
Exported capabilities are called servicesAccess framework capabilities, the underlying VM and OSMany include native code
Efficient accessCompatibility to native platforms
Bundles can register servicesServices are shared between bundles
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Bundle (JAR)
ResourcesClass file, HTML files, icons
Manifest fileDescribes the contents of the JAR
State dependenciesOn other resources (e.g. Java packages)
Designate a specific class (bundle activator)Optional: Documents, source code (that can be removed to save space
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Bundle relations
BundleBundle
JAVA
Operating System
Hardware
OSGi Framework
Serviceregistry
packagespackages
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Bundle services
The final goal of a bundle is to offer services to other bundles or end users
Through one or several service objectsRegistered in the framework registry
Service Tracker:Supports monitoring of used services■ Warns about updates and unregistrations
Based on events Services can be configured at runtime
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Events
Allow communications among different entitiesThree types:
ServiceEvent■ Registration, update and unregistration of each service
BundleEvent■ Start, stop, update of bundles
FrameworkEvent■ Starting, resolving references, etc.
Event handling as in Java
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Security
Based in Java 2 Security ArchitecturePermissions needed to perform actions
Permission Admin Service■ SecurityManager to check access control
Three basic permission types:AdminPermission: for management tasksServicePermission: each service defines registration and access permissionsPackagePermission: package importing and exporting
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Package Admin Service
Defines the policies for package sharingBundles export packages to other bundlesWhat happens if the exporting bundle status chages (updated or uninstalled)
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Permission Admin Service
Provides functionality to Read permissionsDefine permissionsCheck permissions
Security concern: a bundle needs Administration Permission to access to the Permission Admin Service
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Log Service
Logging of messages concerningBundles: for example install, start...Services: register, modify, un-register...Framework: starting and error detecting
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HTTP Service
OSGi platform allows access, control and configuration via HTTP (with static resources and servlets)
Register servlets and other resources in the HTTP service
Allows user authorization with the standard HTTP method: RFC 2617
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Device Access
Automatic detection of devicesEmbedding in OSGi environmentHot pluggingAutomatic driver download and installationHierarchy of network technologies and levels
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Device Access Specification (cont.)
Driver categories:Base DriversRefined drivers (e.g. mouse from USB driver)Composite drivers. Bridging Drivers. (e.g. USB to Ethernet)
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Configuration Admin Service
Configure: information for the bundles after their programmingWith properties (pairs name/value)Local and remote configuration
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User Admin Service
Action done by end users ahould be authorised. The user needs to be authenticated
Password, biometric data, certificatesDatabase with users and authorisations
Authentication: Users characterised by name + properties + credentials
AuthorisationBased in roles Basic roles and required roles
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Jini in OSGi
Included as recommended service in OSGi release 3Jini technology uses Jini lookup service
Device and service register■ Add-in-protocol; called discovery (find lookup service) and join
(upload service interface)
Jini architecture in OSGiCreate an API■ Enable access to Jini services (from OSGi)■ Provide OSGi services to members of Jini community
Result (Jini Driver module – a bundle – in OSGi)Jini-to-OSGIOSGi-to Jini
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Jini Driver: Jini to OSGi
Jini driver discovers types of Jini services in JinilookupRegister services in OSGi
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Jini Driver: Jini to OSGi (cont.)
LAN administration application
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Jini Driver: OSGi to Jini
OSGi services registered in the frameworkJini driver inspects the propertyIn case Jini compliant service is discovered
Registration in Jini lookup serviceExample: Lamp control services available over X10 protocol
Registered to OSGi frameworkJini Driver detects the presents of the service Jini Driver exports the serivce to Jini lookupJini clients can access to service via Jini lookup
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Jini Driver: OSGi to Jini (cont.)
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Further services (I)
UPnP architecture in OSGiUPnP Base DriverUPnP-to-OSGi transformationOSGI-to-UPnP transformation
Wire Admin ServiceControl topology
XML Parser ServiceJAXP: Mechanism to register XML parsers
URL Handlers ServiceDefine/extend URL (http, ftp...) support for the platform
Execution EnvironmentDefine two execution modes (hierarchical sub-sets)
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Further services (II)
IO Connector ServiceAssociates to the javax.microedition.io
Start Level ServiceAllow and control the order of service start-up and termination as well as a framework activation level
MeasurementMeasurement class for stanadrdised unites
PositionProvides possibilities for positioning systems
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OSGi: New Key Factors
Increasing ComplexityIncreasing Customer RequirementsProduct Digitalization & New Business ModelsInternet & Broadband AvailabilityWireless ConnectivityFamily DislocationHousehold IsolationEase-of-use for Senior CustomersIndividual Treatment (Patients) and Cost-Optimization (Hospitals)