PKL Musashi Cover

Jurusan Teknik MesinPoliteknik Gunakarya Indonesia

APLIKASI MESIN LAS LISTRIK PADA PEMBUATAN

KANOPI DI PT. MUSASHI AUTO PARTS

INDONESIA

Laporan Praktek Kerja Lapangan

Disusun oleh :

SAFRYAN EKO PRSETYONIM : 1321401070

POLITEKNIK GUNAKARYA INDONESIABEKASI, Januari 2016

TANDA PERSETUJUANLAPORAN PRAKTEK KERJA LAPANGANPT. MUSASHI AUTO PARTS INDONESIA

Nama Mahasiswa : SAFRYAN EKO PRASETYO

NIM : 1321401070

Judul Laporan : Aplikasi Mesin Las Listrik Pada Pembuatan Kanopi

Tanggal : 23 Januari 2016

Kasie General Affair Leader Maintenance GA

PT. Musashi Auto Parts Indonesia Pembimbing Pkl

Bpk. Harsono Ibu. Intarti Sudrajat

i

TANDA PERSETUJUANLAPORAN PRAKTEK KERJA LAPANGANPOLITEKNIK GUNAKARYA INDONESIA

Nama Mahasiswa : SAFRYAN EKO PRASETYO

NIM : 1321401070

Judul Laporan : Aplikasi Mesin Las Listrik Pada Pembuatan Kanopi

Tanggal : 23 Januari 2016

Politeknik Gunakarya Indonesia

Pembimbing PKL

Bpk. Abdul Haris, ST

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KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang Maha Esa.

Karena atas rahmat dan karuniaNya saya dapat menyelesaikan laporan ini dengan

baik, setelah melaksanakan PKL selama 2 bulan terhitung tanggal 01 Oktober

2015 sampai tanggal 30 November 2015 di PT. Musashi Auto Parts Indonesia.

Tidak lupa saya mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada pihak yang telah

membantu dalam penyusunan laporan ini, antara lain kepada :

1. Kedua Orang Tua yang telah mendukung baik secara moril maupun materil.

2. Bapak Holong, SE.,MM, selaku Bidang Akademik Politeknik Gunakarya

Indonesia.

3. Bapak Abdul Haris, ST, selaku pembimbing laporan PKL di politeknik

Gunakarya Indonesia.

4. Bapak Gatut P. Prianto, selaku HRD di PT. Musashi Auto Parts Indonesia.

5. Bapak Harsono, selaku Kasie General Affair (GA) di PT. Musashi Auto Parts

Indonesia.

6. Ibu Intarti Sudrajat, selaku pembimbing lapangan Maintenance GA di PT.

Musashi Auto Parts Indonesia.

Saya menyadari masih banyak kekurangan dalam pebuatan laporan ini,

sehingga saran dan kritik yang bersifat membangun sangat diharapkan demi

kesempurnan laporan ini. Akhir kata saya ucapkan banyak terimakasih kepada

semua pihak yang turut membantu dalam penyusunn laporan ini

Bekasi, 23 Januari 2016

Hormat saya,

( Safryan Eko Prasetyo )

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DAFTAR ISI

Tanda Persetujuan Perusahaan ......................................................................... i

Tanda Persetujuan Pembimbing ....................................................................... ii

Kata Pengantar .................................................................................................... iii

Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................ iv

Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................... vii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1

1.2 Identifikasi Masalah .................................................................................... 2

1.3 Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 2

1.4 Tujuan Praktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL) ....................................................... 2

1.5 Manfaat Praktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL) .................................................... 3

BAB II TINJAUAN UMUM PERUSAHAAN

2.1 Sejarah Berdirinya ....................................................................................... 4

2.2 Profil Perusahaan ......................................................................................... 5

2.3 Visi & Misi .................................................................................................. 6

2.4 Tujuan .......................................................................................................... 6

2.5 Sistem Manajemen ...................................................................................... 6

2.6 Struktur Organisasi ...................................................................................... 7

2.7 Jam Kerja ..................................................................................................... 8

2.8 Fasilitas ........................................................................................................ 9

BAB III PEMBAHASAN

3.1 Dasar Teori .................................................................................................. 10

3.1.1 Pengertian Pengelasan ................................................................ 10

3.1.2 Pengertian Mesin Las Listrik ...................................................... 10

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3.2 Jenis-jenis mesin las listrik .......................................................................... 11

3.2.1 Mesin las listrik AC ..................................................................... 11

3.2.2 Mesin las listrik DC ..................................................................... 11

3.3 Pengkutuban elektroda ................................................................................ 12

3.3.1 Pengkutuban langsung ................................................................ 12

3.3.2 Pengkutuban terbalik ................................................................... 12

3.3.3 Pengaruh pengkutuban pada hasil las .......................................... 13

3.4 Tegangan dan arus listrik pada mesin las .................................................... 13

3.4.1 Tegangan (Voltase) ..................................................................... 13

3.4.2 Arus listrik (Ampere) .................................................................. 14

3.5 Alat – alat bantu las...................................................................................... 14

3.5.1 Kabel las ...................................................................................... 14

3.5.2 Pegangan elektroda ..................................................................... 15

3.5.3 Palu las ......................................................................................... 15

3.5.4 Sikat kawat/baja .......................................................................... 16

3.5.6 Klem massa.................................................................................. 16

3.5.7 Penjepit (tang).............................................................................. 17

3.6 Perlengkapan keselamatan kerja................................................................... 17

3.6.1 Helm / Topeng las ........................................................................ 17

3.6.2 Sarung tangan kulit ...................................................................... 18

3.6.3 Baju las / apron ............................................................................ 18

3.6.4 Sepatu las ..................................................................................... 18

3.6.5 Kamar las ..................................................................................... 19

3.7 Jenis-jenis elektroda ..................................................................................... 19

3.7.1 Elektroda baja lunak .................................................................... 19

3.7.2 Elektroda berselaput .................................................................... 20

3.7.3 Elektroda untuk besi tuang .......................................................... 21

3.7.4 Elektroda untuk pelapis keras ...................................................... 22

3.8 Gerakan elektroda ........................................................................................ 22

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3.9 Posisi pengelasan ...................................................................................... 24

3.9.1 Posisi bawah tangan.................................................................... 24

3.9 2 Posisi tegak (Vertikal) ................................................................ 24

3.9.3 Posisi datar (Horizontal) ............................................................. 25

3.9.4 Posisi di atas kepala (Over Head) ............................................... 25

3.9.5 Posisi datar (1G) ......................................................................... 26

3.9.6 Posisi horizontal (2G) ................................................................. 26

3.9.7 Posisi vertikal (3G) ..................................................................... 27

3.9.8 Posisi horizontal pipa (5G) ......................................................... 27

3.9.9 Posisi Fillet ................................................................................. 28

3.10 Keselamatan kerja ...................................................................................... 28

3.10.1 Keselamatan pekerja .................................................................. 29

3.10.2 Keselamatan benda dan peralatan ............................................. 29

3.10.3 Keselamatan lingkungan............................................................ 29

3.11 Pemecahan masalah dan kendala ............................................................... 30

3.11.1 Kendala ..................................................................................... 30

3.11.2 Pemecahan masalah ................................................................... 30

BAB IV PELAKSANAAN PRAKTEK

4.1 Alat dan Bahan ........................................................................................... 31

4.1.1 Peralatan .................................................................................... 31

4.1.2 Bahan ......................................................................................... 31

4.2 Persiapan ..................................................................................................... 32

4.3. Pengerjaan ................................................................................................... 32

BAB V PENUTUP

5.1 Kesimpulan.................................................................................................. 41

5.2 Saran-saran.................................................................................................. 41

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 42

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 3.2.1 Las listrik AC ............................................................................ 11

Gambar 3.2.2 Las listrik DC ............................................................................ 11

Gambar 3.3.1 Pengkutuban langsung .............................................................. 12

Gambar 3.3.2 Pengkutuban terbalik ................................................................ 12

Gambar 3.3.3 Pengaruh pengkutuban .............................................................. 13

Gambar 3.4.1 Parameter voltase ...................................................................... 13

Gambar 3.4.2 Parameter ampere...................................................................... 14

Gambar 3.5.1.a Kabel las.................................................................................... 14

Gambar 3.5.1.b Komponen Kabel Las ............................................................... 15

Gambar 3.5.2 Pemegang Elektroda ................................................................. 15

Gambar 3.5.3 Palu Las..................................................................................... 15

Gambar 3.5.4 Sikat kawat ................................................................................ 16

Gambar 3.5.5 Klem Massa............................................................................... 16

Gambar 3.5.6 Penjepit (Tang).......................................................................... 17

Gambar 3.6.1 Topeng Las................................................................................ 17

Gambar 3.6.2 Sarung Tangan Kulit ................................................................. 18

Gambar 3.6.3 Baju las / Apron ........................................................................ 18

Gambar 3.6.4 Sepatu Las ................................................................................. 18

Gambar 3.6.5 Kamar Las ................................................................................. 19

Gambar 3.7 Elektroda RB-26 ....................................................................... 19

Gambar 3.8.b.1 Gerakan alur spiral .................................................................... 23

Gambar 3.8.b.2 Gerakan alur zig-zag ................................................................. 23

Gambar 3.8.b.3 Gerakan alur segitiga ................................................................ 24

Gambar 3.9.1 Posisi pengelasan bawah tangan .............................................. 24

Gambar 3.9.2 Posisi pengelasan vertikal ........................................................ 24

Gambar 3.9.3 Posisi pengelasan horizontal .................................................... 25

Gambar 3.9.4 Posisi pengelasan overhead ..................................................... 25

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Gambar 3.9.5 Posisi pengelasan 1G................................................................. 26




Gambar 3.9.9 Posisi pengelasan fillet .............................................................. 28

Gambar 4.3.a Besi Holo................................................................................... 32

Gambar 4.3.b Pemotongan plat strip dengan cutting wheel ............................ 33

Gambar 4.3.c Penghilangan sisa potongan besi .............................................. 33

Gambar 4.3.d Besi holo yang sudah dipotong ................................................. 34

Gambar 4.3.e Rangka penyangga kanopi depan ............................................. 35

Gambar 4.3.f Plat strip untuk dudukan rangka ............................................... 36

Gambar 4.3.g Rangka samping dan dudukan plat setelah di las ..................... 37

Gambar 4.3.h Rangka kanopi samping setelah di cat ...................................... 38

Gambar 4.3.i Kanopi setelah pemasangan ...................................................... 40

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