Pinyin Lesson 03Spelling rules (1)

• A simple vowel can locate after a consonant and become a part of syllable. For example:

fó佛Buddha

sè 色color

lù路road

lǜ绿green

• A simple vowel can be used as an individual syllable. For example:

ā啊(ah)

è饿(hungry)

ò哦(oh)

• If “i” is used as an individual syllable, “y”must be placed in front of it. For example:

yī一(one)

yì亿(a hundred million)

• If “u” is used as an individual syllable, “w” must be placed in front of it. For example:

wǔ五(five)

wù雾(fog, mist)

• If “ü” is used as an individual syllable, “y” must be placed in front of it. The two dots above “ü” are omitted. For example:

yú (= yǘ)鱼(fish)

yǔ (= yǚ)雨(rain)

• When “ü” lies after consonants “j”, “q” , “x”, the two dots above “ü” are omitted. For example:

jǔ (=jǚ)举

to lift

qù (=qǜ)去to go

xū(=xǖ) 须beard

Exercises

Exercise 1 - Read aloud. Try to pronounce pinyin correctly

Exercise 2 - Try to pronounce pinyin correctly

jiǔ shí bā sān shí sì

bā shí èr jiǔ shí qī wǔ shí yī

Exercise 3 – Write correct pinyin for the numbers and read aloud

Exercise 4 – Listen and circle the correct pinyin

Exercise 5 – Listen and add a tonal mark on the pinyin

ā ū ì

ǐ iě ǒu ǎi

Exercise 6 – Listen and write down the vowels with tonal marks

Exercise 7 – Listen and and circle the correct pinyin

ǔ é āǐ ò ù ǘái éi ūn ǎo

Exercise 8 – Listen and write down the vowels with tonal marks

Everyday conversations

nǐ hǎo你 好 ! Hi ！ Hello ！zǎo shàng hǎo

早 上 好 ! Good morning!Xià wǔ hǎo

下 午 好 ! Good afternoon!wǎn shàng hǎo

晚 上 好 ! Good evening!wǎn ān

晚 安 Good night ！

nǐ hǎo ma

你 好 吗? Are you OK? (Går det bra med deg?)wǒ hěn hǎo

我 很 好。 I’m fine.wǒ bù hǎo

我 不 好。 I’m not good.mǎ mǎ hǔ hǔ马 马 虎 虎。 Just so-so. Not bad.

xiè xiè

谢 谢。 Thanks.bú kè qì不 客 气。 Don't mention it. You're welcome.

bú xiè不 谢。 Don't mention it; Not at all.

bú xiè不 谢。 Don't mention it; Not at all.bù , xiè xiè不 , 谢 谢 。 No, thanks

The word bù 不（ no; not ） has the 4th tone, but when it is followed by another 4th tone, it becomes 2nd tone. (4+4 → 2+4)Rule

Legge merke til:

duì bù qǐ对 不 起。 Excuse me. Sorry.méi guān xì 没 关 系。 It doesn't matter. It’s OK.

zài jiàn再 见。 See you later.míng tiān jiàn明 天 见。 See you tomorrow.

Farvel Sòng bié

送 别

John Pond Ordway（ 1824-1880 ）• American doctor, composer, and

politician• One of the first surgeons to volunteer at

the start of the American Civil War.• Dreaming of Home and Mother (1851)

was a popular sentimental song of the Civil War era. It is popular in China and Japan in translated versions.[

hóng yī dà shī 弘 一 大 師 (1880-1942)

• painter, musician, dramatist, poet, and Buddhist monk

• The poem 《 farewell 》 was written by Hong Yi in 1915. The author expressed his sadness while seeing off a friend.

cháng tíng wài 长 亭 外 Outside the resting arbor gǔ dào biān 古 道 边 beside the ancient thoroughfare fāng cǎo bì lián tiān

芳 草 碧 连 天 The fragrant grass so green, stretching to meet the sky afar

wǎn fēng fú liǔ dí shēng cán 晚 风 扶 柳 笛 声 残The evening breeze brushing the willow, the flute sound lingering.

xī yáng shān wài shān 夕 阳 山 外 山 The setting sun beyond the mountains.

tiān zhī yá天 之 涯At the verge of heaven, dì zhī jiǎo地 之 角At the four corners of the earthzhī jiāo bàn líng luò知 交 半 零 落My bosom friends are half gone and no longer seen

yī hú zhuó jiǔ jìn yú huān一 壶 浊 酒 尽 余 欢With a gourdful of turbid wine, enjoy the last moment of pleasure

jīn xiāo bié mèng hán今 宵 别 梦 寒The parting dream turning cold this very night.

tiān zhī yá天 之 涯dì zhī jiǎo地 之 角zhī jiāo bàn líng luò知 交 半 零 落yī hú zhuó jiǔ jìn yú huān一 壶 浊 酒 尽 余 欢jīn xiāo bié mèng hán今 宵 别 梦 寒

Cháng tíng wài长 亭 外gǔ dào biān古 道 边fāng cǎo bì lián tiān芳 草 碧 连 天wǎn fēng fú liǔ dí shēng cán晚 风 拂 柳 笛 声 残xī yáng shān wài shān夕 阳 山 外 山

sòng bié 送 别