Internet Of Things – A Bio-inspired approach in managing large scale, heterogeneous sensor networks

Alexandru IOVANOVICI, M.Eng.

Ph.D

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About myself … studies

•Master’s Degree in Computer Engineering from POLITEHNICA University of Timisoara, in 2011

Thesis: “Power analysis of H.264/AVC for mobile platforms”

•Bachelor’s Degree in Computers from POLITEHNICA University of Timisoara, in 2009

Thesis: “Wikitrafic: sistem colaborativ de achizitie a parametrilor de trafic rutier”

About myself … publicationsIndexed articles

Iovanovici A, Visan C, Marcu M – Performance and Power Consumption Investigation for Execution of Integer Operations on CPU and GPU Processors for Multimedia Applications [IEEEXplore];

Iovanovici A, Golcea S - Analiza corelaţiei impuritate-dimensiune fractală cu aplicaţii pe topograme de raze-X ale unui cristal de KCl [ISSN 2066–3250, CNCCIS]

Iovanovici A - Metrici de evaluare a software-ului educational - Oradea 2008 [ISSN CNCSIS]

Non-indexed- 4 articles

In magazines- 5 articles

BooksBoar R, Iovanovici A, Toma A – Tehnologia Informatiei si a Comunicatiilor. Culegere de aplicatii pentru liceu si Bacalaureat, Ed. Printpress, 2011, ISBN: 978-606-92458-1-1

About myself … work• 2007-present – teacher at “C.D. Loga” High School Timisoara

• Teaching classes of Computer Programming (C/C++), Web Development, Databases, Object Oriented Programming (Java);

• Coaching high school students for various competitions in the area of programming, IT&C, robotics with excellent results;

• 2006-2011 – Systems Administrator, Programmer at Timis County Library• Full Member of the National Committee for Digitization and Library

Automation

• 2005-2006 – web developer at Artvis Media Design;

• Various personal and part-time projects;

• Active in the area of embedded systems (Arduino Romania founder) and robotics;

• Speaker at local IT events (GeekMeet, CoWorkTM, MoBiDev)

Arduino is an Open Source embedded platfrom built around an Atmega MCU and with a nice IDE and dedicated language, based on AVRGCC with a set of macros built on top for low-level operations

All are embedded systems with Arduino

A few projects …

I’m proficient in various programming languages and platforms such as C, Java, C#, PHP, Arduino, MySQL, db4o. I’m an avid user of Linux and MacOS.

In the area of software development

… and more projects

In the beginning there were the machines (Web 1.0), and then there were the humans (Web 2.0 – Social Web). Now we have “anything” connected to the Internet. And here is Web 3.0

The third Age of the Internet

Internet of Thingswhat’s this all about ?

In 2008 the number of things connected to the Internet exceeded the number of people on Earth.

And this things are not smartphones.

They are everything…

IoT … trends

In the beginning there were the machines (Web 1.0), and then there were the humans (Web 2.0 – Social Web). Now we have “anything” connected to the Internet. And here is Web 3.0

The third Age of the Internet

Internet of Thingswhat’s this all about ?

A Dutch start-up, Sparked, started using wireless sensors on … cows

When one cow is sick or pregnant, it sends a message to the farmer.

Each cow transmits 200MB per year.

In the beginning there were the machines (Web 1.0), and then there were the humans (Web 2.0 – Social Web). Now we have “anything” connected to the Internet. And here is Web 3.0

The third Age of the Internet

Internet of Thingswhat’s this all about ?

“The next logical step in the technological revolution connecting people anytime, anywhere is to connect inanimate objects. This is the vision underlying in Internet Of Things: anytime, anywhere, by everyone and anything” – ITU, November 2005

The shear amount of data that the IoT is going to generate is more than any conventional computing architecture can process.

There are too many things in the world

Internet of Thingsissues

Unique addressability-RFID tags-Semantic Web

- URI;- Powerful centralized “brains” acting as the human counterpart;

-IPv6 -> identify any kind of object in the world;

Most of the problems we face in the design and development of computer systems can be found in various systems from the nature, with solutions that work, too.

Nature is our best engineer

Bio-inspired computingWhat’s so cool about that ?

It is the use of computers to model nature …and, more important, …The study of nature to improve de design and implementation of computers, systems and algorithms

The human body is composed of trillions of cells which work together quit well … most of the time

Our body is the biggest network of things

IoT and Bio-computing

Emergent systems – modeling IoT specific networks as natural systems (ants, termites, bees, wasps);Neural networks – simple computations across a large number of nodes;

Reliability and fault-tolerance – living things tend to get sick and heal almost by themselves. Large heterogeneous networks need similar mechanisms

The human body is composed of trillions of cells which work together quit well … most of the time

Our body is the biggest network of things

IoT and Bio-computing

Artificial immune system – finding “strange” nodes in a deployment and fighting against intrusion in the network;Endocrine system – signaling across large networks

A worldwide IoT network at it’s peak can be a great challenge to design, deploy and maintain and the only tractable approach is that we seek inspiration in the natural world

Use living systems to model IoT

What I want to do ?

Investigate the applicability of bio-inspiration to the organization and management of IoT networksDesign and propose a high-level standardization for the meta-data needed in my proposition;Validate the proposition -> custom software simulator ->millions of nodespoints of extension for future development

A few references• Kastanov et. al. - Smart semantic middleware for the internet of things • Yinghui Huang; Guanyu Li - Descriptive models for the Internet Of Things,

International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP), 2010

• Yinghui Huang; Guanyu Li - A Semantic Analysis for the Internet of Things, International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA), 2010

• Miao Wu et. al. - Research on the architecture of Internet of Things, 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE), 2010

• Zihua H et. al. - The Research of Several Key Question of Internet of Things, International Conference on Intelligence Science and Information Engineering (ISIE), 2011

• Li Li et. al. - The applications of WiFi-based Wireless Sensor Network in Internet of Things and Smart Grid, 2011 6th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA);

• Gan Gang et. al. - Internet of Things Security Analysis, International Conference on Internet Technology and Applications (iTAP), 2011

• Uckelmann D et. al. - "An Architectural Approach Towards the Future Internet of Things”, Springer. p. 8, 2011

• Miles, Stephen B. - RFID Technology and Applications. London: Cambridge University Press, 2011

• Kevin Ashton - That 'Internet of Things' Thing, RFID Journal, July 2009

Rob van Kraneburg at the first IoT conference, 2009

IoT holds danges, but it also hold promises

When billions of things are connected, talking and learning, the only limitation left will be our own imagination [CISCO on IoT]

IoT “hot” topics• Intelligence

• non-deterministic and open network in which auto-organized or intelligent entities will be interoperable and able to act independently (pursuing their own objectives or shared ones) depending on the context, circumstances or environments

• Architecture• common standards would not be able to address every context or

use;• predicting everything would be no more than defining a "global

finality" for everything that is just not possible with any of the current top-down approaches and standardizations [Gautier 2010]

• Complex system• the huge number of different links and interactions between

autonomous actors, and its capacity to integrate new actors. At the overall stage it will likely be seen as a chaotic environment;

• Size• 50 to 100 trillion objects, and be able to follow the movement of

those objects. Every human being is surrounded by 1000 to 5000 objects [Wadner 2007]

IoT “hot” topics• Time constraints

• There will be billions of parallel and simultaneous events, time will no more be used as a common and linear dimension; it will be based on massive parallel systems;

• Space constraints• the precise geographic location of a thing—and also the precise

geographic dimensions of a thing—will be critical;• IoT-centric geospatial standards will play a key role in the Internet

of Things.

IoT implementationsFrameworks• Interaction between things and facilitate the

emergent behavior;• Current implementations: real-time data logging• Pachube

• Software development environments: develop custom software for IoT hardware devices

IoT: state of the industryAlcatel-Lucent:

touchTag -> RFID+QR

ConnectedHome:AlertMe -> ZigBee;

Pachube:largest OpenSource data management

infrastructure for sensors;

Nimbits:open source data historian server in the cloud;

IoT: alliancesIEEE-IOT – iThings• Annual IEEE conference• International indexing

The Council• Founded by RvK• Council is a think-tank, consultancy, accelerator and

forecasting group

European UnionAction Plan For Europe

IndustryAlcatel, Qualcom, IBM,