Perdagangan internasional

Ekonomi Indonesia

Exchange rate US$ in national currency

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Brunei Darussalam 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.4

Cambodia 3,990.0 3,984.0 4,038.0 4,120.0 4,065.0 4,004.0

Indonesia 8,940.0 8,465.0 9,290.0 9,830.0 8,995.0 9,419.0

Lao, PDR 10,705.0 10,467.0 10,396.0 10,805.0 9,738.9 NA

Malaysia 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.3

The Philippines 53.1 55.6 56.3 53.1 49.1 41.4

Singapore 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.4

Thailand 43.2 39.6 39.1 41.0 36.1 33.7

Viet Nam 15,403.0 15,608.0 15,739.0 15,875.0 16,091.0 16,044.0

Japan 125.4 115.9 108.2 110.2 116.3 NA

Korea 1,251.1 1,191.6 1,145.3 1,024.1 954.8 NA

China 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.0 NA

Sources : ASEAN Secretariat and OECD data base

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007YTD

Net exports

Investments

Gov't expend

Consumption

Sumber: BPS

Kebergantungan Indonesia pada ekonomi global tercermin dalam net export yang tumbuh lebih cepat daripada konsumsi (pemerintah dan rumah tangga) maupun investasi dalam dua tahun terakhir

Pertumbuhan PDB menurut pengeluaran

Ekspor berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan

ekonomi dua tahun terakhir

Country Agreements Take Effect

Japan Japan-Malaysia Economic Patnership AgreementIndonesia Japan Economic Partnership AgreementJapan-Thailand Free Trade Agreement Japan Singapore Economic Patnership AgreementJapan-Brunei Economic Patnership AgreementJapan-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (Singapore, Laos, Vietnam, and Myanmar)Japan Philippines Economic Partnership AgreementJapan-Vietnam Economic Partnership AgreementJapan-South Korea Economic Patnership Agreement

July 13, 2006August 20, 2007November 1, 2007January 1, 2008July 31, 2008

December 1, 2008December 11, 2008Under progressUnder progress

Korea South Korea-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (minus Thailand)South Korea-Singapore Free Trade Agreement

June 1, 2007Under progress

China China-Singapore Free Trade AgreementChina-ASEAN Free Trade AgreementChina-Thailand Free Trade Agreement for Agriculture Products

October 23, 2008July 2007

October 2003

Trade and Investment Agreement Between ASEAN+3 Nations

Source: www.bilaterals.org; Singapore Government; Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan

Global Competitiveness Index in ASEAN+3

Country

GCI 2005 GCI 2006 GCI 2007-2008 GCI 2008-2009

Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank

Singapore 5.48 6 5.63 5 5.45 7 5.53 5

Japan 5.18 12 5.6 7 5.43 8 5.38 9

South Korea 5.07 17 5.13 24 5.4 11 5.28 13

Malaysia 4.9 24 5.11 26 5.1 21 5.04 21

Thailand 4.5 36 4.58 35 4.7 28 4.6 34

Brunei - - - - - - 4.54 39

China 4.07 49 4.24 54 4.57 34 4.7 30

Indonesia 3.53 74 4.26 50 4.24 54 4.25 55

Philippines 3.47 77 4 71 3.99 71 4.09 71

Vietnam 3.37 81 3.89 77 4.04 68 4.1 70

Cambodia 2.82 112 3.39 103 3.48 110 3.53 109

Source: World Economic Forum

Perkembangan Ekspor Non-Migas Menurut Negara Tujuan

No 

Country of Destination 

ValueShare

 

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2007

1 Japan 6830.3 8383.5 9561.8 12198.6 13092.8 14.41 14.23

2 United States 6957.1 8272.1 9507.9 10682.5 11311.3 14.68 12.29

3 Singapore 4777 5390.7 7068.6 7824.2 8990.4 10.08 9.77

4 China 2816.7 3437.4 3959.8 5466.6 6664.1 5.94 7.24

5 India 1628.3 2115.2 2865.4 3326.5 4885 3.43 5.31

6 Malaysia 2315.5 2870.1 3309 3789.6 4593.1 4.88 4.99

7 South Korea 1766.8 1846 2595.4 3414.6 3746.4 3.73 4.07

8 Netherlands 1401.5 1796.3 2233.5 2518.4 2749.5 2.96 2.99

9 Thailand 1082.3 1549.1 1917.5 2054.1 2646.9 2.28 2.88

10 Taiwan 1295.8 1523.7 1785.9 2284.8 2337.8 2.73 2.54

Sumber: IMF World Economic Outlook Oct 2007

Economies 2006 (actual)2007

(projected)2008 (projected)

United States 2.9% 1.9% 1.9%

Euro area 2.8% 2.5% 2.1%

Japan 2.2% 2.0% 1.7%

China 11.1% 11.5% 10.0%

Indonesia 5.5% 6.2% 6.1%

Negara-negara besar di dunia merevisi target pertumbuhannya sejalan dengan krisis kredit perumahan di AS.

Melambatnya pertumbuhan global dapat menurunkan permintaan impor barang yang membahayakan negara yang bergantung pada ekspor seperti Indonesia

Proyeksi pertumbuhan ekonomi dunia

Ekspor Non Migas Utama Menurut Sektor

Sektor 

Value Share 

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2007

Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit 2454.6 3441.8 3756.3 4817.6 7868.6 5.18 8.55

Pertambangan Batu Bara 1980.1 2748.8 4354.1 6085.7 6681.4 4.18 7.26

Industri Pakaian Jadi 4037.8 4352 4966.9 5608.2 5712.9 8.52 6.21

Industri Alat Listrik 3120.6 3486.1 4364.1 4448.7 4835.9 6.58 5.26

Industri Lainnya 2002.8 2388.8 2894.2 3371 4686.7 4.22 5.09

Industri Crumb Rubber 1402.4 1946.1 2133.4 3690.8 4243.3 2.96 4.61

Pertambangan Biji Tembaga 1854.7 1802.4 3311 4646.1 4212.7 3.91 4.58

Industri Kertas dan Barang dari Kertas 2007.3 2228.9 2324.8 2859.2 3374.8 4.23 3.67

Industri Tekstil Lainnya 1753.8 2080.5 2338 2561.9 2753.2 3.70 2.99

Industri Tembaga 672.1 798.2 1257.5 1904.4 2731.7 1.42 2.97

54.6

76.3

8.8

10.52.3 0.1

YTD Oct-2005

Basiccommodities

Industrialgoods

Mech. andelect. goods

Other YTD Oct-2007

billion USD

Textiles, base metal, chemical, and plastic/rubber (~75% of total exports

from industrial goods sector).

Triggered by increase in CPO and mineral products (like

nickel, gold, and iron) prices.

Sumber: BI, BPS

Kontribusi pertumbuhan ekspor 39%

Perkembangan Impor Non-Migas Menurut Negara Tujuan

Country of Origin 

Value Share

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2007

China 2337.3 3358.3 4551.3 5502 7957.3 9.37 15.14

Japan 4208.9 6053.5 6892.4 5488 6472.7 16.88 12.32

United States 2681.9 3148.3 3810.6 3968.2 4711.8 10.75 8.97

Thailand 1543.7 2363.9 3082 2962.3 4194.8 6.19 7.98

Singapore 1842.2 2527.4 2936.9 3733.4 3908.3 7.39 7.44

Australia 1454.5 1971.3 2246.4 2680.3 2817.1 5.83 5.36

Malaysia 794.2 1161 1385.1 1604.7 2149.9 3.18 4.09

South Korea 1501.8 1875.1 1685 1699.8 1994.5 6.02 3.8

Germany 1178.5 1729.8 1778 1452.6 1971.3 4.73 3.75

India 1178.5 1729.8 1778 1452.6 1971.3 4.73 3.05

Impor Non Migas Utama Menurut Sektor

Sektor

Value Share

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2007

Bahan Baku (Olahan) untuk Industri 10570.8 15357.8 17407 18050.7 21651.9 32.47 29.07

Bahan Bakar dan Pelumas (Belum Diolah) 4033.2 5847 6810.7 7866.9 9067.8 12.39 12.18

Barang Modal kecuali Alat Angkutan 3526.9 5411.1 6470.2 6220.7 8431.5 10.84 11.32

Bahan Bakar dan Pelumas (Olahan) 2244.2 3828.4 6679.7 7061.1 7828.9 6.89 10.51

Suku Cadang dan Perlengkapan Barang Modal 2089.2 2815.2 3653 3507.6 4533.9 6.42 6.09

Bahan Bakar Motor 1023.2 1455.9 2814.9 3243.1 3847.5 3.14 5.17

Suku Cadang dan Perlengkapan Alat Angkutan 2178.9 2638.3 3206.6 2742 2930.3 6.69 3.93

Bahan Baku (Belum Diolah) untuk Industri 1697.9 2236.3 2064.4 2438.7 2858 5.22 3.84

Alat Angkutan untuk Industri 523.2 832.3 1525.2 2707.7 2644.1 1.61 3.55

Makanan dan Minuman (Belum Diolah) untuk Industri 1127.3 1456.7 1325.3 1352.2 2087.5 3.46 2.80