Peran Perawat Kom
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ROLES AND FUNCTIONS of HEALTH COMMUNITY NURSES
Madyo Maryoto.MNS
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Perawat belum mampu melaksanakan fungsi dan peran perawat , saat ini masih banyak kita jumpai bahwa perawat belum mampu melaksanakan fungsi dan peran mereka sebagaimana yang di harapkan di pelayanan baik mereka yang bekerja di rumah sakit maupun pusat pelayanan di masyarakat.
Fenomena
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A. Client Oriented Roles
B. Delivery Oriented Roles
C. Population oriented Roles
Roles
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A. Client Oriented Roles
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Mencakup penggunaan prinsip-prinsip epidemiologi dan proses keperawatan dalam pelayanan klien di berbagai level yaitu:
Individu
Keluarga
Kelompok
Masyarakat
1. Caregiver
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Process of facilitating learning that lead to
positive health behavior
eg: educate individuals and they families about adequate nutrition
2. Educator
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Process of helping the client to choose viable
solution to health problems
3. Counselor
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Identify problems
Community Nurses
Clients(Indiv,
family dan community)
Identify Solutions
Develop criteria of acceptable solutions
Evaluate efect of solutions on
problem
Implement chosen solutions
Evaluate proposed solutions in term of criteria
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Process of directing clients to resources
required to meet their needs
4. Referral Resource
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Someone who consciously or unconsciously
demonstrates behavior to others who will perform similar role.
5. Role Model
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A health case manager is a health professional
who coordinates and directs the selection and use of health care to meet clients needs services, maximize resource utilization and minimize the expense of care.
6. Case Manager
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The case menejemen society of America
(1995) define case management as a collaborative process which asses, plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate option and services to meet an individual’s health need trough communication and available resources to promote quality cost-effective outcome.
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Tujuan case management adalah
mengidentifikasi klien dengan resiko tinggi atau dengan potensi untuk tingginya biaya kebutuhan pelayanan, membuat pilihan yang tepat diantara ketersediaan pelayanan dan mengontrol biaya serta mengkoordinasikan perawatan untuk mencapai kepuasan optimal klien.
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B. Delivery Oriented Role
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Coordination is the process of organizing and
integrating services to best meet client needs in the most efficient manner possible.
1. Coordinator/Care Manager
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Dynamic, transforming process of creating a
power sharing partnership (Sulivan, 1998)
2. Collaborator
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The liaison role of community health nurse
incorporates facets of the coordinator and referral resource roles and may even incorporate the advocacy role, depending on the client situation.
A liaison provides a connection, relationships, or intercommunication
3. Liaison
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C. Pupulation Oriented Role
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Case finding community health nurse involves
identifying individual case or occurrences of specific diseases or other health related condition requiring services
1. Case Finder
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Requisite skill for community health nurses. Ability to influences the behavior of other
2. Leader
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A one who initiates and brings about change. Perawat komunitas memberikan pelayanan
sebagai change agent
3. Change Agent
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Process by which community groups identify
common goals and mobilize assets to implement strategies that address local concerns (Berkowitz et al 2001)
4 Community Mobilizer
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Process of creating temporary or permanent
alliance of individuals or groups to achieves a specific purpose
5. Coalition Builder
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A person or group people who work for and
argue on behalf policy formation or changes in policy that influence the health of population groups.
6. Policy Advocate
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Community health nursing function related to
the social marketer role include identifying a needed change in societal behavior, analyzing behavior motivation and perceived benefits and barriers to action, identifying particular target markets for intervention and determining the unique features of those market, developing and testing strategies to promote the desired change, implementing those strategies, and evaluating their effecti.veness
7. Social Marketer
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Explore phenomena obesrved in the world
with the intent of understanding , explaining and ultimatly controling them
8. Researcher
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