PENGANTAR BISNIS - file.upi.edufile.upi.edu/Direktori/FPEB/PRODI._MANAJEMEN_FPEB/197910092005… ·...
Transcript of PENGANTAR BISNIS - file.upi.edufile.upi.edu/Direktori/FPEB/PRODI._MANAJEMEN_FPEB/197910092005… ·...
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TUJUAN UMUM:
Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan definisis, konsep,dan seni bisnis, serta keterakaitannya dengan konsepekonomi dan manajemen.
PENGANTAR BISNIS
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POKOK PEMBAHASAN
PERKENALAN/PENDAHULUAN
DEFINISI BISNIS
KONSEP BISNIS
KETERKAITAN DENGAN EKONOMI
KETERKAITAN DENGAN MANAJEMEN
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PENDAHULUAN
ATURAN PERKULIAHAN (SEKILAS)
SILABUS
BUKU REFERENSI
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SILABUS 1
1. KONSEP DASAR BISNIS
2. LINGKUNGAN BISNIS 1
3. LINGKUNGAN BISNIS 2
4. ETIKA BISNIS DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL ORGANISASI BISNIS
5. ORGANISASI BISNIS DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN 1
6. ORGANISASI BISNIS DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN 2
7. PERENCANAAN DAN PENGORGANISASIAN BISNIS 1
8. PERENCANAAN DAN PENGORGANISASIAN BISNIS 2
9. UTS
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SILABUS 210. MEMULAI DAN MENDIRIKAN BISNIS 1
11. MEMULAI DAN MENDIRIKAN BISNIS 2
12. MENGELOLA BISNIS 1
13. MENGELOLA BISNIS 2
14. MENGELOLA BISNIS 3
15. MENGELOLA BISNIS 4
16. UAS
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BUKU
Alma, Buchari, Pengantar Bisnis, Alfabeta Bandung, 2000,
Griffin & Ebert, Business, Prentice Hall,
Bovee, Thill and Schatzman, Business in Action 2nd ,Prentice
Hall, 2004
Serta bahan referensi penunjang lainnya.
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DEFINISI BISNIS
An organization that provides goods or services in order to
earn profits (Griffin)
Activity and enterprise that provides goods and services that
a society needs (Bovee)
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DEFINISI BISNIS
Activity and enterprise / organization
Goods and services / sosial’s needs
Profit
Non profits organization
Firms whose primary objective is something other than
returning a profit to their owner.
Provides social and educational services
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Objectives of Business
Survival
GrowthProfit Social
Responsibility
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KETERKAITAN ANTARA BISNIS DAN
MANAJEMEN 1
Organization:
Two or more people who work together in a structured way to
achieve a specific goal or set of goals ( Stoner and Freeman)
Management:
Management is getting things done through the efforts of other
people (H. Koontz)
The process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the
work of organization members and using organizational
resources to reach stated goal (Stooner)
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KETERKAITAN ANTARA BISNIS DAN
MANAJEMEN 2
BISNIS SEBAGAI SEBUAH ORGANISASI
MEMBUTUHKAN MANAJEMEN UNTUK MENGELOLA
SUMBER DAYA YANG DIMILIKI UNTUK MENCAPAI
TUJUAN.
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ORGANISASI BISNIS (OB) PENGHASIL
BARANG vs JASA
OB PENGHASIL BARANG
Business that produce tangible product
Capital intensive : business that require large invetments in capital
assets
OB PENGHASIL JASA
Business that provide intangible product or perform useful labor on
behalf of another
Labor intensive: business in which labor costs are more significant
than capital cost
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OB JASA KINI LEBIH BERKEMBANG
DARIPADA OB PRODUK
Consumers have more disposable income
Services target changing demographic patterns and lifestyle
trends
Services are needed to support complex goods and new
technology
Companies are increasingly seeking professional advice
Barriers to entry are low for services business
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ORGANISASI BISNIS
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PROFIT
The difference between a business’s revenues and its expenses
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Factors of Production
Entrepreneurship
KnowledgeCapital
Human
Resources
Natural
Resources
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Factor of Production
Natural Resources:
• Things that are useful in their natural state, such
as land, forests, minerals, and water
Labour (or human resources):
The physical and mental capabilities of people as they contribute to economic production.
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Factor of ProductionCapital:
The funds needed to create and operate a business enterprise
Enterpreneurs:
• People who are innovative and willing to take risks to create and operate a new business
Knowledge:
The collective intelligence of an organization
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Economics: Use of scarce resources to
produce goods/services, distribute them among
competing groups/individuals
Land
Labor
Capital
Entrepreneurship
Knowledge
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Supply Curve
Quantity(S)
S
HighLow
Price(P)
High
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Demand Curve
Quantity(S) HighLow
Price(P)
High
D
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EQUILIBRIUM POINT
Quantity(S) HighLow
Price(P)
High
D
Surplus
ShortageS
Market Equilibrium
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Competition
Competition exists in different degrees, ranging from perfect to nonexistent
PERFECT COMPETITION exists when there are many sellers in the market and no seller is large enough to dictate the price of a product Sellers produce products that appear to be identical
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Degrees of Competition
Sellers
One Many
Monopoly
Oligopoly
Monopolistic
Competition
Perfect Competition
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Monopoly
Occurs when there is only one seller for a product
or service
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Oligopoly
Is a form of competition in which just a few sellers
dominate a market
The initial investment is usually high
Prices tend to be close to the same
Examples include airline travel industry
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Monopolistic Competition Exists when a large number of sellers produce
products that are very similar but are perceived by buyers as different
Product differentiation, making buyers think similar products are different, is a key to success
Example: toothpaste, cosmetics, softdrinks, restaurants, etc
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Perfect Competition
Exists when there are many sellers in the market
and no seller is large enough to dictate the price
of a product
Sellers produce products that appear to be identical
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KETERKAITAN ANTARA BISNIS DAN
EKONOMI
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TANTANGAN BISNIS DALAM EKONOMI
GLOBAL
Producing quality product and services that satisfy custemer’s
changing needs
QCD; Speed, quality, customer satisfaction;
Starting and managing a small business in today’s competitive
environment
Thingking globally and committing to a culturally diverse
workforce
Behaving in an ethically and socially responsible manner
Keeping pace with technology and electronic commerce.
(Bovee)
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TERIMA KASIH