Party Politics
Transcript of Party Politics
- 1. Ph.D., Political Science, NTU 2010.04.02 [email_address] http://politicsvocation.blogspot.com/ 98
2.
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- Condorcets paradox
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- A>B>C
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- B>C>A
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- C>A>B
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- A B A
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- B C B
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- C A C
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3.
- E.E. Schattschneider
- [T]he political parties created democracy and that modern democracy is unthinkable save in terms of the parties.
- The parties not therefore merely appendages of modern government; they are in the center of it and play a determinative and creative role in it.
Schattschneider 1977 1 4. Party
- Part, not all
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- Politics means taking sides; it ispartisan .
Heywood 1998:376 ; Mansfield 2001:3 5.
Heywood 1998 382-387 6.
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- 1679
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- Tory Charles II James II
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- Whig
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- 1694 William III
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- Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition, or theOfficial Opposition
2002 182-187 7.
- John S. Mill 1806-1873
- In politics, again, it is almost a commonplace, that a party of order or stability, and a party of progress or reform, are both necessary elements of a healthy state of political life. On Liberty , ch.2 #47
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- G. Washington
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- I have already intimated to you the danger of parties. Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the baleful effects of the spirit of party....
http://www.freedomfirstsociety.org/articles/articles/21/1/Not-Perfect-But-Excellent/Page1.html 9.
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- 1792: TheDemocratic-Republican Party foundedbyThomas JeffersonandJames Madison
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- 1828 Democratic Party
Elowitz 1995 45-49 http:// zh.wikipedia.org /wiki/ _( ) 11.
- 1854 Republican Party
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- Grand Old Party or the GOP
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- 1860
12. http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/File:Democratslogo.png http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Republicanlogo.svg 13.
- KMT 1894
- DPP 1986.09.28
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- 1987.07.15
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- 1985
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- 8.17
- 1986
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- 8.1 233
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http://www1.pu.edu.tw/~pro0801/time.html 2009 222-223 15. I
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- cadre parties
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- mass parties
16. II
- broker parties
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- catch-all parties
- missionary parties
17. III
- revolutionary parties
- constitutional parties
Heywood 1998 380 18. IV
- Left
- Right
19. vs. 20.
- Duvergers Law
- Duvergers Hypotheses
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- 1. moderating
- centralizing
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Lijphjart 1993 114-117 22. Median Voter Theorem http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Median_voter_model.png 23.
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Lijphart 2001: 71-74 24. 25. Lipset and Rokkan
- social cleavages
26. Lipset and Rokkan
- Freezing thesis of the Party System
- 1920-1960
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- IN EVERY modern democracy conflict among different groups isexpressed through political parties which basically represent a"democratic translation of the class struggle."
Lipset 1960:220 29.
- Laakso & Taagepera, 1979:3-27
- N P i
- Ex.Case1-A 50 B 50
- Case2-X 30 Y 30 Z 30
effective number of parties Lijphart 1984 120 30. N I
- Taagepera&Grofman Formula
- N=I+1
- = 1
Lijphart 2001: 98 31.
- H=High, 1
- M=Middle, 0.5
- L=Low, 0
32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 113 42. 43.
- 1998.1-2000.3
- 2002.07-2004.12, 2007.10-2008.01
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- 2004 1 1 27-40
- http://www.tfd.org.tw/docs/d1t1/027-040.pdf
- 2006 3 2 63-86
- http://www.tfd.org.tw/docs/d3t2/03.pdf
48.
- Lijphart, Arend 1993 Ch. 7
49.
- Elowitz, Larry 1995
- Heywood, Andrew 1998
- Lijphart, Arend 1984 .Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries . New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Lijphart, Arend (2001)
- Lipset, Seymour Martin (1960). Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday
- Mansfield., Harvey C. (2001).A StudentS Guide to Political Philosophy . Wilmington, Del.: Intercollegiate Studies Institute.
- Mill, John Stuart 2001 . On Liberty. Kitchener: Batoche Books.
- Schattschneider, Elmer Eric 1977 . Party Government. Westport, CT.: Greenwood.
- 2009