An American HeartAssociation/American Stroke Association Journal

March 2017Volume 48Number 3

Stroke : Highlights of Selected Articles 529

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONSClinical SciencesEpidemiology of Transient Ischemic Attacks Using Time- or Tissue-Based Definitions: A Population-Based Study

530

Diana Degan, MD; Raffaele Ornello, MD; Cindy Tiseo, MD; Federica De Santis, MD; Francesca Pistoia, MD, PhD; Antonio Carolei, MD; Simona Sacco, MD

Mild Hypokalemia and Supraventricular Ectopy Increases the Risk of Stroke in Community-Dwelling Subjects

537

Nick Mattsson, MD; Preman Kumarathurai, MD; Bjørn Strøier Larsen, BSc; Olav Wendelboe Nielsen, MD, PhD, DMSc; Ahmad Sajadieh, MD, DMSc

Declining Incidence of Ischemic Stroke: What Is the Impact of Changing Risk Factors? The Tromsø Study 1995 to 2012

544

Anne M. Vangen-Lønne, MD; Tom Wilsgaard, PhD; Stein Harald Johnsen, MD, PhD; Maja-Lisa Løchen, MD, PhD; Inger Njølstad, MD, PhD; Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, MD, PhD

Timing of Incident Stroke Risk After Cervical Artery Dissection Presenting Without Ischemia

551

Nicholas A. Morris, MD; Alexander E. Merkler, MD; Gino Gialdini, MD; Hooman Kamel, MD

Acute Transient Vestibular Syndrome: Prevalence of Stroke and Efficacy of Bedside Evaluation

556

Jae-Hwan Choi, MD; Min-Gyu Park, MD; Seo Young Choi, MD; Kyung-Pil Park, MD; Seung Kug Baik, MD; Ji-Soo Kim, MD; Kwang-Dong Choi, MD

Risk of Pulmonary Embolism After Cerebral Venous Thrombosis 563Ava L. Liberman, MD; Alexander E. Merkler, MD; Gino Gialdini, MD; Steven R. Messé, MD; Michael P. Lerario, MD; Santosh B. Murthy, MD, MPH; Hooman Kamel, MD; Babak B. Navi, MD, MS

Large Vessel Occlusion Scales Increase Delivery to Endovascular Centers Without Excessive Harm From Misclassifications

568

Henry Zhao, MBBS; Skye Coote, MN; Lauren Pesavento, BN; Leonid Churilov, PhD; Helen M. Dewey, PhD; Stephen M. Davis, MD; Bruce C.V. Campbell, PhD

Risk of Acute Stroke After Hospitalization for Sepsis: A Case-Crossover Study 574Amelia K. Boehme, PhD, MSPH; Purnima Ranawat, MPH; Jorge Luna, MS; Hooman Kamel, MD; Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MS

Simultaneous Multiple Intracerebral Hemorrhages (SMICH) 581Teddy Y. Wu, FRACP; Nawaf Yassi, FRACP, PhD; Darshan G. Shah, MBBS; Minmin Ma, MD, PhD; Gagan Sharma, MCA; Jukka Putaala, MD, PhD; Daniel Strbian, MD, PhD; Bruce C.V. Campbell, FRACP, PhD; Bernard Yan, FRACP; Turgut Tatlisumak, MD, PhD; Patricia M. Desmond, MD, FRANZCR; Stephen M. Davis, MD, FRACP; Atte Meretoja, MD, FRACP, PhD

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Stroke

On the Cover: The image is taken from an article in this issue, “Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Three-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Hemodynamic Alterations Using 4-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging” by Schuchardt et al (Stroke. 2017;48:671–677. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015102). The image is Figure 1.

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Specific Lobar Affection Reveals a Rostrocaudal Gradient in Functional Outcome in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

587

Stefan T. Gerner, MD; Joji B. Kuramatsu, MD; Sebastian Moeller, MD; Angelika Huber, MD; Hannes Lücking, MD; Stephan P. Kloska, MD; Dominik Madžar, MD; Jochen A. Sembill, MD; Stefan Schwab, MD; Hagen B. Huttner, MD

Ten-Year Temporal Trends in Medical Complications After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the United States

596

Fadar Oliver Otite, MD, SM; Priyank Khandelwal, MD; Amer M. Malik, MD, MBA; Seemant Chaturvedi, MD; Ralph L. Sacco, MD, MS; Jose G. Romano, MD

Procalcitonin and Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide as Biomarkers of Subclinical Cerebrovascular Damage: The Northern Manhattan Study

604

Mira Katan, MD, MS; Yeseon Moon, MS; Arnold von Eckardstein, MD; Kathartina Spanaus, MD; Janet DeRosa, MPH; Jose Gutierrez, MD, MPH; Charles DeCarli, MD; Clinton Wright, MD, MS; Ralph Sacco, MD, MS; Mitchell Elkind, MD, MS

Lifestyle Factors and Early Clinical Outcome in Patients With Acute Stroke: A Population-Based Study

611

Annette Ingeman, PhD; Grethe Andersen, DMSci; Reimar W. Thomsen, PhD; Heidi H. Hundborg, PhD; Henrik H. Rasmussen, PhD; Søren P. Johnsen, PhD

Use of a 3-Item Short-Form Version of the Barthel Index for Use in Stroke: Systematic Review and External Validation

618

Rachael L. MacIsaac, PhD; Myzoon Ali, PhD; Martin Taylor-Rowan, MSc; Helen Rodgers, FRCP; Kennedy R. Lees, FRCP; Terence J. Quinn, MD; on behalf of the VISTA Collaborators

Impact of Expanding the Prehospital Stroke Bypass Time Window in a Large Geographic Region

624

Ian G. Stiell, MD, MSc; Catherine M. Clement, RN; Kristy Campbell, PCP; Mukul Sharma, MD; Doug Socha, PCP, BSc, MA; Marco L.A. Sivilotti, MD, MSc; Albert Jin, MD; Jeffrey J. Perry, MD; Jim Lumsden, BScPT, MPA; Cally Martin, BScPT, MSc; Mark Froats, MD; Richard Dionne, MD; John Trickett, RN, BScN

The Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography Prognostic Score for Basilar Artery Occlusion

631

Fana Alemseged, MD; Darshan G. Shah, MBBS; Marina Diomedi, MD; Fabrizio Sallustio, MD; Andrew Bivard, PhD; Gagan Sharma, MCA; Peter J. Mitchell, MD; Richard J. Dowling, MBBS; Steven Bush, MBBS; Bernard Yan, MBBS; Carlo Caltagirone, MD; Roberto Floris, MD; Mark W. Parsons, MBBS, PhD; Christopher R. Levi, MBBS; Stephen M. Davis, MD; Bruce C.V. Campbell, MBBS, PhD

Histopathological Differences Between the Anterior and Posterior Brain Arteries as a Function of Aging

638

William Roth, MD; Susan Morgello, MD; James Goldman, MD; Jay P. Mohr, MD; Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MS; Randolph S. Marshall, MD, MS; Jose Gutierrez, MD, MPH

Validating a Predictive Model of Acute Advanced Imaging Biomarkers in Ischemic Stroke 645Andrew Bivard, PhD; Christopher Levi, FRACP; Longting Lin, PhD; Xin Cheng, FRACP; Richard Aviv, FRACP; Neil J. Spratt, PhD, FRACP;  Min Lou, PhD, FRACP; Tim Kleinig, PhD, FRACP; Billy O’Brien, FRACP; Kenneth Butcher, FRACP; Jingfen Zhang, FRACP; Jim Jannes, FRACP; Qiang Dong, FRACP; Mark Parsons, PhD, FRACP

Vessel Wall Enhancement and Blood–Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Disruption After Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke

651

Arturo Renú, MD; Carlos Laredo, MSc; Antonio Lopez-Rueda, MD; Laura Llull, MD; Raúl Tudela, PhD; Luis San-Roman, MD; Xabier Urra, MD; Jordi Blasco, MD; Juan Macho, MD; Laura Oleaga, MD; Angel Chamorro, MD; Sergio Amaro, MD

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Small Vessel Disease: Microstructural Integrity and Microvascular Perfusion Related to Cognition

658

C. Eleana Zhang, MD; Sau May Wong, MSc; Renske Uiterwijk, MSc; Julie Staals, MD, PhD; Walter H. Backes, PhD; Erik I. Hoff, MD, PhD; Tobien Schreuder, MD; Cécile R.L.P.N. Jeukens, PhD; Jacobus F.A. Jansen, PhD; Robert J. van Oostenbrugge, MD, PhD

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Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Parenchymal Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Reperfusion Therapy

664

Kambiz Nael, MD; James R. Knitter, BS;  Reza Jahan, MD; Jeffery Gornbein, DrPH; Zahra Ajani, MD; Lei Feng, MD, PhD; Brett C. Meyer, MD; Lee H. Schwamm, MD; Albert J. Yoo, MD; Randolph S. Marshall, MD; Philip M. Meyers, MD; Dileep R. Yavagal, MD; Max Wintermark, MD; David S. Liebeskind, MD; Judy Guzy, RN; Sidney Starkman, MD; Jeffrey L. Saver, MD; Chelsea S. Kidwell, MD

Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Three-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Hemodynamic Alterations Using 4-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

671

Florian Schuchardt, MD; Anja Hennemuth, PhD; Laure Schroeder, MD; Stephan Meckel, MD; Michael Markl, PhD; Thomas Wehrum, MD; Andreas Harloff, MD

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Plaque Hemorrhage for Risk Stratification in Carotid Artery Disease With Moderate Risk Under Current Medical Therapy

678

Akram A. Hosseini, MD, PhD; Richard J. Simpson, PhD; Nishath Altaf, MBChB, PhD; Philip M. Bath, DSc, FMedSci; Shane T. MacSweeney, MAMB, MChir; Dorothee P. Auer, MD

Coexistent Sickle Cell Disease Has No Impact on the Safety or Outcome of Lytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Findings From Get With The Guidelines-Stroke

686

Robert J. Adams, MS, MD; Margueritte Cox, MS, MGIST; Shelly D. Ozark, MD; Julie Kanter, MD; Phillip J. Schulte, PhD; Ying Xian, MD, PhD; Gregg C. Fonarow, MD; Eric E. Smith, MD, MPH; Lee H. Schwamm, MD

Proof-of-Concept Randomized Trial of the Monoclonal Antibody GSK249320 Versus Placebo in Stroke Patients

692

Steven C. Cramer, MD; Lori A. Enney, BS; Colleen K. Russell, MS; Monica Simeoni, PhD; Thomas R. Thompson, MD

Sex Differences and Functional Outcome After Intravenous Thrombolysis 699Fianne H. Spaander, MD; Sanne M. Zinkstok, MD, PhD; Irem M. Baharoglu, MD; Henrik Gensicke, MD; Alexandros Polymeris, MD; Christopher Traenka, MD; Christian Hametner, MD; Peter Ringleb, MD; Sami Curtze, MD, PhD; Nicolas Martinez-Majander, MD; Karoliina Aarnio, MD; Christian H. Nolte, MD; Jan F. Scheitz, MD; Didier Leys, MD; Anais Hochart, MD, PhD; Visnja Padjen, MD, PhD; Georg Kägi, MD; Alessandro Pezzini, MD; Patrik Michel, MD; Olivier Bill, MD; Andrea Zini, MD; Stefan T. Engelter, MD; Paul J. Nederkoorn, MD, PhD; on behalf of the Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients Collaborators (TrISP)

Timing of Decompressive Hemicraniectomy for Stroke: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis

704

Hormuzdiyar H. Dasenbrock, MD, MPH; Faith C. Robertson, BS; Henrikas Vaitkevicius, MD; M. Ali Aziz-Sultan, MD; Donovan Guttieres, BS; Ian F. Dunn, MD; Rose Du, MD, PhD; William B. Gormley, MD, MPH, MBA

YAMATO Study (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Edaravone Combination Therapy) 712Junya Aoki, MD; Kazumi Kimura, MD; Naomi Morita, MD; Masafumi Harada, MD; Norifumi Metoki, MD; Yohei Tateishi, MD; Kenichi Todo, MD; Hiroshi Yamagami, MD; Kouji Hayashi, MD; Yuka Terasawa, MD; Koji Fujita, MD; Nobuaki Yamamoto, MD; Ichiro Deguchi, MD; Norio Tanahashi, MD; Takeshi Inoue, MD; Takeshi Iwanaga, MD; Nobuyuki Kaneko, MD; Hidetaka Mitsumura, MD; Yasuyuki Iguchi, MD; Yasushi Ueno, MD; Yoji Kuramoto, MD; Toshiyasu Ogata, MD; Shigeru Fujimoto, MD; Mutsumi Yokoyama, MD; Shinji Nagahiro, MD; on behalf of the YAMATO Study Investigators

Intravenous Thrombolysis in Unknown-Onset Stroke: Results From the Safe Implementation of Treatment in Stroke-International Stroke Thrombolysis Registry

720

Laura Dorado, MD, PhD; Niaz Ahmed, MD, PhD; Götz Thomalla, MD, PhD; Manuel Lozano, MD; Branko Malojcic, MD, PhD; Mushtaq Wani, MD; Mònica Millán, MD, PhD; Ales Tomek, MD, PhD; Antoni Dávalos, MD, PhD

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Prediction of Early Recurrent Thromboembolic Event and Major Bleeding in Patients With Acute Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation by a Risk Stratification Schema: The ALESSA Score Study

726

Maurizio Paciaroni, MD; Giancarlo Agnelli, MD; Valeria Caso, MD, PhD; Georgios Tsivgoulis, MD; Karen L. Furie, MD; Prasanna Tadi, MD; Cecilia Becattini, MD; Nicola Falocci, PhD; Marialuisa Zedde, MD; Azmil H. Abdul-Rahim, MD; Kennedy R. Lees, MD; Andrea Alberti, MD; Michele Venti, MD, PhD; Monica Acciarresi, MD; Cataldo D’Amore, MD; Maria Giulia Mosconi, MD; Ludovica Anna Cimini, MD; Antonio Procopio, MD; Paolo Bovi, MD; Monica Carletti, MD; Alberto Rigatelli, MD; Manuel Cappellari, MD; Jukka Putaala, MD; Liisa Tomppo, MD, PhD; Turgut Tatlisumak, MD; Fabio Bandini, MD; Simona Marcheselli, MD; Alessandro Pezzini, MD; Loris Poli, MD; Alessandro Padovani, MD, PhD; Luca Masotti, MD; Vieri Vannucchi, MD; Sung-Il Sohn, MD, PhD; Gianni Lorenzini, MD; Rossana Tassi, MD; Francesca Guideri, MD; Maurizio Acampa, MD; Giuseppe Martini, MD; George Ntaios, MD; Efstathia Karagkiozi, MD; George Athanasakis, MD; Kostantinos Makaritsis, MD; Kostantinos Vadikolias, MD; Chrysoula Liantinioti, MD; Maria Chondrogianni, MD; Nicola Mumoli, MD; Domenico Consoli, MD; Franco Galati, MD; Simona Sacco, MD; Antonio Carolei, MD; Cindy Tiseo, MD; Francesco Corea, MD, PhD; Walter Ageno, MD; Marta Bellesini, MD; Giovanna Colombo, MD; Giorgio Silvestrelli, MD, PhD; Alfonso Ciccone, MD; Umberto Scoditti, MD; Licia Denti, MD; Michelangelo Mancuso, MD; Miriam Maccarrone, MD; Giovanni Orlandi, MD; Nicola Giannini, MD; Gino Gialdini, MD; Tiziana Tassinari, MD; Maria Luisa De Lodovici, MD; Giorgio Bono, MD; Christina Rueckert, MD; Antonio Baldi, MD; Sebastiano D’Anna, MD; Danilo Toni, MD, PhD; Federica Letteri, MD; Martina Giuntini, MD; Enrico Maria Lotti, MD; Yuriy Flomin, MD; Alessio Pieroni, MD; Odysseas Kargiotis, MD; Theodore Karapanayiotides, MD, PhD; Serena Monaco, MD; Mario Maimone Baronello, MD; Laszló Csiba, MD; Lilla Szabó, MD; Alberto Chiti, MD; Elisa Giorli, MD; Massimo Del Sette, MD; Davide Imberti, MD; Dorjan Zabzuni, MD; Boris Doronin, MD; Vera Volodina, MD; Patrik Michel, PD-MER; Peter Vanacker, MD; Kristian Barlinn, MD; Lars-Peder Pallesen, MD; Jessica Kepplinger, MD; Ulf Bodechtel, MD; Johannes Gerber, MD; Dirk Deleu, MD, PhD; Gayane Melikyan, MD; Faisal Ibrahim, MD; Naveed Akhtar, MD; Vanessa Gourbali, MD; Shadi Yaghi, MD

Roles of Changing Physical Function and Caregiver Burden on Quality of Life in Stroke: A Longitudinal Dyadic Analysis

733

Gianluca Pucciarelli, RN, MSN; Ercole Vellone, PhD; Serenella Savini, PhD; Silvio Simeone, PhD; Davide Ausili, PhD; Rosaria Alvaro, MSN; Christopher S. Lee, PhD; Karen S. Lyons, PhD

Impact of Rehabilitation on Outcomes in Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan

740

Maiko Yagi, RPT, DBA; Hideo Yasunaga, MD, PhD; Hiroki Matsui, RPT, MPH; Kojiro Morita, RN, MPH; Kiyohide Fushimi, MD, PhD; Masashi Fujimoto, MD; Teruyuki Koyama, MD, PhD; Junko Fujitani, MD, PhD

Basic SciencesMicroRNA-17–92 Cluster in Exosomes Enhance Neuroplasticity and Functional Recovery After Stroke in Rats

747

Hongqi Xin, PhD; Mark Katakowski, PhD; Fengjie Wang, MS; Jian-Yong Qian, PhD; Xian Shuang Liu, PhD; Meser M. Ali, PhD; Benjamin Buller, PhD; Zheng Gang Zhang, MD, PhD; Michael Chopp, PhD

Role of Genetic Variation in Collateral Circulation in the Evolution of Acute Stroke: A Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

754

Yu-Chieh Jill Kao, PhD; Esteban A. Oyarzabal, MS; Hua Zhang, MD; James E. Faber, PhD; Yen-Yu Ian Shih, PhD

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Circulating miRNome After Cerebral Ischemia Reveals a Reperfusion-Induced MicroRNA Cluster

762

Stefan Uhlmann, PhD; Eva Mracsko, MD, PhD; Ehsan Javidi, MD; Sarah Lamble, PhD; Ana Teixeira, PhD; Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt, PhD; Karl-Heinz Glatting, PhD; Roland Veltkamp, MD

BRIEF REPORTSStroke With Unknown Time of Symptom Onset: Baseline Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data of the First Thousand Patients in WAKE-UP (Efficacy and Safety of MRI-Based Thrombolysis in Wake-Up Stroke: A Randomized, Doubleblind, Placebo-Controlled Trial)

770

Götz Thomalla, MD; Florent Boutitie, PhD; Jochen B. Fiebach, MD; Claus Z. Simonsen, MD, PhD; Norbert Nighoghossian, MD; Salvador Pedraza, MD, PhD; Robin Lemmens, MD; Pascal Roy, MD; Keith W. Muir, MD; Martin Ebinger, MD; Ian Ford, PhD; Bastian Cheng, MD; Ivana Galinovic, MD; Tae-Hee Cho, MD; Josep Puig, MD, PhD; Vincent Thijs, MD; Matthias Endres,  MD; Jens Fiehler, MD; Christian Gerloff, MD; on behalf of the WAKE-UP Investigators

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Cervical Carotid Pseudo-Occlusions and False Dissections: Intracranial Occlusions Masquerading as Extracranial Occlusions

774

Jonathan A. Grossberg, MD; Diogo C. Haussen, MD; Fabricio B. Cardoso, MD; Leticia C. Rebello, MD; Mehdi Bouslama, MD; Aaron M. Anderson, MD; Michael R. Frankel, MD; Raul G. Nogueira, MD

Do Women With Atrial Fibrillation Experience More Severe Strokes?: Results From the Austrian Stroke Unit Registry

778

Clemens Lang; Leonhard Seyfang, MoS; Julia Ferrari, MD; Thomas Gattringer, MD; Stefan Greisenegger, MD; Karin Willeit, MD; Thomas Toell, MD; Stefan Krebs, MD; Michael Brainin, MD; Stefan Kiechl, MD; Johann Willeit, MD; Wilfried Lang, MD; Michael Knoflach, MD; for the Austrian Stroke Registry Collaborators

Cerebral Microbleeds as Predictors of Mortality: The Framingham Heart Study 781José R. Romero, MD; Sarah R. Preis, ScD; Alexa Beiser, PhD; Jayandra J. Himali, PhD; Ashkan Shoamanesh, MD; Philip A. Wolf, MD; Carlos S. Kase, MD; Ramachandran S. Vasan, MD;  Charles DeCarli, MD; Sudha Seshadri, MD

Risk Factors of Subacute Thrombosis After Intracranial Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis

784

Xuan Sun, MD; Xu Tong, MD; Wai Ting Lo, MBBS; Dapeng Mo, MD; Feng Gao, MD; Ning Ma, MD; Bo Wang, MD; Zhongrong Miao, MD

Automated Software System to Promote Anticoagulation and Reduce Stroke Risk: Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

787

Tim A. Holt, PhD; Andrew Dalton, PhD; Tom Marshall, PhD; Matthew Fay, MBChB; Nadeem Qureshi, DM; Susan Kirkpatrick, MA; Jenny Hislop, PhD; Daniel Lasserson, MD; Karen Kearley, MBChB; Jill Mollison, PhD; Ly-Mee Yu, DPhil; F.D. Richard Hobbs, FMedSci; David Fitzmaurice, MD

Drip ‘n Ship Versus Mothership for Endovascular Treatment: Modeling the Best Transportation Options for Optimal Outcomes

791

Matthew S.W. Milne, BSc (In Progress); Jessalyn K. Holodinsky, MSc; Michael D. Hill, MD, MSc; Anders Nygren, PhD; Chao Qiu, PhD; Mayank Goyal, MD; Noreen Kamal, PhD

Proportional Motor Recovery After Stroke: Implications for Trial Design 795Cathy M. Stinear, PhD; Winston D. Byblow, PhD; Suzanne J. Ackerley, PhD; Marie-Claire Smith, BHSc; Victor M. Borges, PhD; P. Alan Barber, PhD, FRACP

Trends in Recruitment Rates for Acute Stroke Trials, 1990–2014 799William B. Feldman, MD, DPhil; Anthony S. Kim, MD, MAS; Winston Chiong, MD, PhD

Disparities in the Use of Seizure Medications After Intracerebral Hemorrhage 802Andrew M. Naidech, MD, MSPH; Paloma Toledo, MD; Shyam Prabhakaran, MD, MS; Jane L. Holl, MD, MPH

COMMENTS AND OPINIONSDefining the Role of the Stroke Physician During Endovascular Therapy of Acute Ischemic Stroke

805

Grant Stotts, MD, FRCPC; Alexandre Y. Poppe, MD, FRCPC; Daniel Roy, MD; Tudor G. Jovin, MD; Cheemun Lum, MD; David Williams, MB, PhD; John Thornton, MD; Blaise W. Baxter, MD; Thomas Devlin, MD; Donald F. Frei, MD; Chris Fanale, MD; Ashfaq Shuaib, MD; Jeremy L. Rempel, MD; Bijoy K. Menon, MD; Andrew M. Demchuk, MD, FRCPC; Mayank Goyal, MD; Michael D. Hill, MD, FRCPC

Workflow in Acute Stroke: What Is the 90th Percentile? 808Jessalyn K. Holodinsky, MSc; Noreen Kamal, PhD; Alexis T. Wilson, BSc; Michael D. Hill, MD, MSc; Mayank Goyal, MD

SPECIAL REPORTStroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Research: Issues, Opportunities, and the National Institutes of Health StrokeNet

813

Steven C. Cramer, MD; Steven L. Wolf, PhD; Harold P. Adams, Jr, MD; Daofen Chen, PhD; Alexander W. Dromerick, MD; Kari Dunning, PT, PhD; Caitlyn Ellerbe, PhD; Andrew Grande, MD; Scott Janis, PhD; Maarten G. Lansberg, MD; Ronald M. Lazar, PhD; Yuko Y. Palesch, PhD; Lorie Richards, PhD; Elliot Roth, MD; Sean I. Savitz, MD; Lawrence R. Wechsler, MD; Max Wintermark, MD; Joseph P. Broderick, MD

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TOPICAL REVIEWTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation in Poststroke Aphasia Recovery 820Susan Wortman-Jutt, MS, CCC-SLP; Dylan J. Edwards, PhD

STATE-OF-THE-SCIENCE NURSING REVIEWSleep-Disordered Breathing After Stroke: Nursing Implications e81Patricia A. Blissitt, PhD, ARNP-CNS, CCRN, CNRN, SCRN, CCNS, CCM, ACNS-BC

STROKE LITERATURE SYNOPSES: BASIC SCIENCEKen Arai, PhD e85

ILLUSTRATIVE TEACHING CASEPost-Subdural Hematoma Transient Ischemic Attacks: Hypoperfusion Mechanism Supported by Quantitative Electroencephalography and Transcranial Doppler Sonography

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Ayham M. Alkhachroum, MD; Guadalupe Fernandez-Baca Vaca, MD; Sophia Sundararajan, MD, PhD; Michael DeGeorgia, MD

LETTERS TO THE EDITORLetter by Alves et al Regarding Article, “Effect of Right Insular Involvement on Death and Functional Outcome After Acute Ischemic Stroke in the IST-3 Trial (Third International Stroke Trial)”

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José Nuno Alves, MSc; João Pinho, MD; Carla Ferreira, MD

Response by Sposato et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Effect of Right Insular Involvement on Death and Functional Outcome After Acute Ischemic Stroke in the IST-3 Trial (Third International Stroke Trial)”

e92

Luciano A. Sposato, MD, MBA; Joanna M. Wardlaw, MD; Vladimir Hachinski, Cm, MD, DSc

Letter by Tsuda Regarding Article, “Combined Effects of Inflammatory Status and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study”

e93

Kazushi Tsuda, MD

Response by Mayer and Hoke to Letter Regarding Article, “Combined Effects of Inflammatory Status and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study”

e94

Florian J. Mayer, MD; Matthias Hoke, MD

CORRECTIONSCorrection to: Clinical Selection Strategies to Identify Ischemic Stroke Patients With Large Anterior Vessel Occlusion: Results From SITS-ISTR (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke International Stroke Thrombolysis Registry)

e95

Correction to: Poststroke Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Review e96

Correction to: Sex Differences and Functional Outcome After Intravenous Thrombolysis e97

Correction to: Cerebral Microbleeds as Predictors of Mortality: The Framingham Heart Study e98

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