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The count of the Alif in all its forms including the Hamzaas done by Rashad Khalifa, Ph.D.

by Atef Khalifa

The best way to know the system Rashad used in counting the alifs and the

hamzas when he counted the initilas of the Quranic suras, is to study whichHamza Rashad counted and which one he did not. This is simple and easy to

do.

This simple demonstration will show the system that Rashad used to count and

help the sincere devoted submitters understand and apply that system.

Remember that neither the system nor the text can be difficult to find or figure

out, or the whole miracle would lose its meaning and value. The miracle was

destined for all the generations alive during the time of its discovery and the

generations coming after them and to the end of time.

The letter Alif in Arabic is easy to spot and easy to count. There are few other

languages that use the same Arabic Alphabets and for those who speak and read

these languages, e.g. Farsi or Urdu, they will have no problem counting. The

letter alif (or alef) can be seen in these four shapes The alif that looks

like this, , is not used in the original Qurans, but only in the more recent

editions of the Quran. As for the "Tashkeel" which is the small marks written

on top of or under the 28 Arabic alphabets, they are explained at the bottom of

this page.

Here are the different forms of Hamza and how Rashad counted them. Of all

the seven forms mentioned below, Rashad counted only the first three types as

alif. Notice that number 3 is actually a standing free hamza as it is a hamza

written between the lam and the alif.

When we experimented by including some or all of the forms of Hamzas in

different combinations, in the count of the alif, we never got even close to

Rashad's count. Only when we counted the first three kinds of hamzas did we

get very close to or almost Rashad's count. All the errors we spotted in Rashad'scount were due to the fact that Rashad did not systematically use the same

system of counting the hamzas in different suras and sometimes in the same

sura or same verse.

Here are the different forms of Hamzas:

1. Standing free hamzas: Rashad counted these as alifs. examples; standing

free Hamzas like: , , , ,

, , , , , , , ,

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See for example these verses where Rashad's count and our count agrees on

the total number of alifs, which means his way of counting the hamza and

the way we used after him is correct. Check the correct count of the alifs in

either books, "Visual Presentation" or " Computer speaks"2:6(9

alifs),2:8(11 alifs),2:9(10 alifs),2:13(26 alifs),2:14(23 alifs),2:20(20

alifs),2:29(11 alifs),3:5(10 alifs),3:6(12 alifs),3:11(13),29:2(11alifs),29:4(10 alifs),29:31(18 alifs),30:5(5 alifs),30:15(8

alifs),30:29(9 alifs),31:7(13 alifs),32:8(2 alifs)......and many many

others.........etc.

2. hamzas written on an extension (Madda): are counted as alifs.

examples; , , , ,

, , , , ,

See for example these verses where Rashad's count and our count agrees on

the total number of alifs, which means his way of counting the hamza and

the way we used after him is correct. Check the correct count of the alifs in

either books, "Visual Presentation" or " Computer speaks"2:35(15

alifs),2:39(11 alifs)2:41(19 alifs),2:61(42 alifs),2:71(20

alifs),2:119(10 alifs),2:134(9 alifs),2:189(21 alifs),3:4(14

alifs),3:10(12 alifs),3:11(13 alifs),3:14(22 alifs),29:4(10

alifs),29:7(12 alifs),29:26(9 alifs),30:10(16 alifs)...and many many

others.......etc

3. hamzas written on a Lam- Alif, in between the Lam and the Alif: Hamzas written on a Lam Alif, in words where the alif is actually a hamzaand an alif, is the most deceiving as it looks like two alifs but actually it is

three alifs (two alifs and a hamza) for example , . If

you look carefully at these words you will notice the insistence of the

scribes to write the Hamza in these words between the Lam and the alif .

Compare these words with other words that only has lam alif as

in , where there is only one lam and one alif , thehamza is specially positioned on top of the alif. See for example these

verses where Rashad's count and our count agrees on the total number of

alifs;

2:4(9 alifs),2:8(11 alifs),2:22(24 alifs),2:25(25 alifs),2:86(14

alifs),2:118(17 alifs),2:155(9 alifs),2:164(40 alifs),2:179(5

alifs),2:200(24 alifs),2:201(13 alifs),3:56(14 alifs),3:58(5

alifs),3:114(11 alifs), ...............and many many others........etc.

http://submission.org/QI#2_6_http://submission.org/QI#2_6_http://submission.org/QI#2_6_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_9_http://submission.org/QI#2_9_http://submission.org/QI#2_9_http://submission.org/QI#2_13_http://submission.org/QI#2_13_http://submission.org/QI#2_13_http://submission.org/QI#2_14_http://submission.org/QI#2_14_http://submission.org/QI#2_14_http://submission.org/QI#2_20_http://submission.org/QI#2_20_http://submission.org/QI#2_20_http://submission.org/QI#2_29_http://submission.org/QI#2_29_http://submission.org/QI#2_29_http://submission.org/QI#3_5_http://submission.org/QI#3_5_http://submission.org/QI#3_5_http://submission.org/QI#3_6_http://submission.org/QI#3_6_http://submission.org/QI#3_6_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#29_2_http://submission.org/QI#29_2_http://submission.org/QI#29_2_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_31_http://submission.org/QI#29_31_http://submission.org/QI#29_31_http://submission.org/QI#30_5_http://submission.org/QI#30_5_http://submission.org/QI#30_5_http://submission.org/QI#30_15_http://submission.org/QI#30_15_http://submission.org/QI#30_15_http://submission.org/QI#30_29_http://submission.org/QI#30_29_http://submission.org/QI#30_29_http://submission.org/QI#31_7_http://submission.org/QI#31_7_http://submission.org/QI#31_7_http://submission.org/QI#32_8_http://submission.org/QI#32_8_http://submission.org/QI#32_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_35_http://submission.org/QI#2_35_http://submission.org/QI#2_35_http://submission.org/QI#2_39_http://submission.org/QI#2_39_http://submission.org/QI#2_39_http://submission.org/QI#2_41_http://submission.org/QI#2_41_http://submission.org/QI#2_41_http://submission.org/QI#2_61_http://submission.org/QI#2_61_http://submission.org/QI#2_61_http://submission.org/QI#2_71_http://submission.org/QI#2_71_http://submission.org/QI#2_71_http://submission.org/QI#2_119_http://submission.org/QI#2_119_http://submission.org/QI#2_119_http://submission.org/QI#2_134_http://submission.org/QI#2_134_http://submission.org/QI#2_134_http://submission.org/QI#2_189_http://submission.org/QI#2_189_http://submission.org/QI#2_189_http://submission.org/QI#3_4_http://submission.org/QI#3_4_http://submission.org/QI#3_4_http://submission.org/QI#3_10_http://submission.org/QI#3_10_http://submission.org/QI#3_10_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_14_http://submission.org/QI#3_14_http://submission.org/QI#3_14_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#29_7_http://submission.org/QI#29_7_http://submission.org/QI#29_7_http://submission.org/QI#29_26_http://submission.org/QI#29_26_http://submission.org/QI#29_26_http://submission.org/QI#30_10_http://submission.org/QI#30_10_http://submission.org/QI#30_10_http://submission.org/QI#2_4_http://submission.org/QI#2_4_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_22_http://submission.org/QI#2_22_http://submission.org/QI#2_22_http://submission.org/QI#2_25_http://submission.org/QI#2_25_http://submission.org/QI#2_25_http://submission.org/QI#2_86_http://submission.org/QI#2_86_http://submission.org/QI#2_86_http://submission.org/QI#2_118_http://submission.org/QI#2_118_http://submission.org/QI#2_118_http://submission.org/QI#2_155_http://submission.org/QI#2_155_http://submission.org/QI#2_155_http://submission.org/QI#2_164_http://submission.org/QI#2_164_http://submission.org/QI#2_164_http://submission.org/QI#2_179_http://submission.org/QI#2_179_http://submission.org/QI#2_179_http://submission.org/QI#2_200_http://submission.org/QI#2_200_http://submission.org/QI#2_200_http://submission.org/QI#2_201_http://submission.org/QI#2_201_http://submission.org/QI#2_201_http://submission.org/QI#3_56_http://submission.org/QI#3_56_http://submission.org/QI#3_56_http://submission.org/QI#3_58_http://submission.org/QI#3_58_http://submission.org/QI#3_58_http://submission.org/QI#3_114_http://submission.org/QI#3_114_http://submission.org/QI#3_114_http://submission.org/QI#3_114_http://submission.org/QI#3_58_http://submission.org/QI#3_56_http://submission.org/QI#2_201_http://submission.org/QI#2_200_http://submission.org/QI#2_179_http://submission.org/QI#2_164_http://submission.org/QI#2_155_http://submission.org/QI#2_118_http://submission.org/QI#2_86_http://submission.org/QI#2_25_http://submission.org/QI#2_22_http://submission.org/QI#2_8_http://submission.org/QI#2_4_http://submission.org/QI#30_10_http://submission.org/QI#29_26_http://submission.org/QI#29_7_http://submission.org/QI#29_4_http://submission.org/QI#3_14_http://submission.org/QI#3_11_http://submission.org/QI#3_10_http://submission.org/QI#3_4_http://submission.org/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4. hamzas written on top of a stem (Nabra): is counted as a yaa NOT as an

alif. For example: , , ,

, ,

See for example these verses where Rashad's count and our count agrees on

the total number of alifs, which means his way of counting the hamza and

the way we used after him is correct. Check the correct count of the alifs in

either books, "Visual Presentation" or " Computer speaks" See how Rashad

did not count these hamzas in2:33(22 alifs),2:35(15 alifs),2:58(15

alifs),2:71(20 alifs),2:90(10 alifs),3:12(4 alifs),3:13(17 alifs),3:50(11

alifs),7:106(8 alifs),7:105(10 alifs),7:70(17 alifs),10:81(12

alifs),10:78(20 alifs),12:73(9 alifs),12:88(19 alifs),14:29(3

alifs),15:51(1 alif)...and many many others...etc. Surprisingly, Rashad

counted some of these similar words like in3:49

,3:7

:129 and11:53

,breaking his own system.

5. hamzas written under a stem (Nabra): is counted as a yaa, not as an alif.

For example: , , , ,

, ,

see how Rashad did NOT count the same hamza in similar words as

in,2:120(17 alifs),30:51(6 alifs),31:25(8 alifs),10:22(25

alifs),11:7(21 alifs),11:8(16 alifs),11:10(9 alifs),14:7(5

alifs),7:189(19 alifs),13:37(15 alifs),2:5(3 alifs),2:16(18

alifs),2:30(19 alifs),2:34(14 alifs),3:10(12 alifs),3:18(19 alifs),7:7(3

alifs),7:8(4 alifs),7:17(7 alifs)........and many many others........etc.

6. hamzas written on a yaa: is counted as a yaa, NOT as an alif, whether the

hamza is written above or below the yaa, as in ,

, , , , . For example,2:15(1

alif),13:12(8 alifs),13:32(6 alifs),12:53(12 alifs),15:49(6

alifs),29:20(16 alifs),30:8(19 alifs),30:16(15 alifs)................and many

many others........etc..

7. hamzas written on a Waw: is counted as a waw , not as an alif, as

in: , , , , , . For

example,2:3(4 alifs),2:4(9 alifs),2:6(9 alifs),3:73(19 alifs),3:75(24

alifs),3:79(16 alifs),3:81(25 alifs),3:110(16 alifs),3:114(11

alifs),3:166(8 alifs),3:171(6 alifs), ........and many many others........etc.

Arabic Alphabets and how they look in different locations in a word.

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initial form means how the alphabet appears in the beginning of the word or in

the middle of a word if it follows some Arabic alphabets that do not connect

with it, e.g. alif, Dal , Thal, Reh, zen, waw....

Medial form means how the alphabet appears when written in the middle of a

word, when it connects with the surrounding alphabets.

Final form means when the alphabet appears at the end of a word, unless it

follows some Arabic alphabets that do not connect with it, e.g. alif, Dal , Thal,

Reh, zen, waw.....

Isolated form means when the alphabet is free standing.

The Arabic Tashkeel (Diacritics)

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Many of those who are not familiar with reading the Quran or seeing it written

in Arabic may not recognize that the text of the Arabic Quran after being

written in Arabic alphabets, has some additions that goes above, below or at the

end of a word to help the reader pronounce the word correctly and sometime

they carry certain instructions, like not to stop the sentence at that particular

word or to continue. These additions are called tashkeel. Some scribes over usethem as a way of decoration of the actual words. NONE of these tashkeel

symbols should be counted as part of the word.

Here is an image that has some of these tashkeels, I left them written as they are

usually used, to allow you to compare their size with the regular size of a word

to realize how small these symbols (tashkeel) appear around a normal word. I

need to warn you however that some scribes write these tashkeels larger to

decorate the words of the Quran, but these are still tashkeel. Most of the regular

editions of the Quran have the same size (small) tashkeel symbols, while few of

the art decorated editions of the Quran may have them bigger.

In this image there are 22 symbols that are used for tashkeel and at the bottom

is a regular Arabic word in its normal size font compared to the tashkeel.

Most important of all the tashkeel symbols, is the short alif (alef) , sometimescalled dagger alif, that is used above certain words in the Quran. This short

(dagger) alif only helps in the pronunciation and is NOT counted as an extra

alif. Examples of these dagger , tashkeel alifs, are; the dagger alif is marked by

a red dot on top of it.

this word has five tashkeels used around the word,

this word has five tashkeels used around the word,

this word has six tashkeels used around the word,

this word has five tashkeels used around the word.

How the "Alif" and the Lam look like in different locations of the word

7/30/2019 Numrimi i Alifit

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I recommend that you pay close attention to the letter alif (Alef) and the letter

Lam as they may look very similar in the the middle of a word for those who

are not familiar with the Arabic language. Please study them carefully. You will

notice that while the letter Alif only connects to another Arabic Alphabet on its

right side only, whether this happened at the end of the word or in the middle,

the letter Lam can connect with other Arabic alphabets either from the right or

left side or both sides.

Initial form means how the alphabet appears in the beginning of the word or in

the middle of a word if it follows some Arabic alphabets that do not connect

with it, e.g. alif, Dal , Thal, Reh, zen, waw....

Medial form means how the alphabet appears when written in the middle of a

word, when it connects with the surrounding alphabets.

Final form means when the alphabet appears at the end of a word, unless it

follows some Arabic alphabets that do not connect with it, e.g. alif, Dal , Thal,Reh, zen, waw.....

Isolated form means when the alphabet is free standing.

Initial form Medial form Final form Isolated form

Alif (Alef)

Lam