Notki receznyjne

Notki recenzyjne 319

Сергій ГОРІН, Монастирі Західної Волині (друга половина XV – перша половина XVII ст.), Львів: Видавництво отців василіян „Місіонер”; Siergij GORIN, Monastery Wołynia

Zachodniego (druga połowa XV – pierwsza połowa XVII w.), Lwów: Missionar; Siergij GORIN, The monasteries of western Volhynia (second half of 15th – first half of 17th century),

Lviv: Missionar, 2007, 336 pp.

The work is a result of many years of author‘s research, in the course of which he elaborated books of Volodymyr and Lutsk municipal and land courts until the first half of 17th century, what constitutes the main basis of the monograph. The first chapter discusses the development of monasteries onthe researched territory, the specificity of the patronage rights over them, the development of theirland tenure, and their role in the region. In the second, the most extensive, the author collated the catalogue of Orthodox and Uniate monasteries of western Volhynia. In each study the history of the monastery, salary, the directory of superiors, and cultural activities are presented. The third chapter collates the catalogue of Latin convents in this area, namely in Volodymyr (Dominicans), Kamin-Ka-shyrskyi (Dominicans and Franciscans), Zaturtsi (Augustinian Hermits), and Lokachi (unable to deter-mine the monastic affiliation).

Ołeh DUCHInstitute of History

Ivan Franko National University in Lviv

Rūta JANONIENĖ, Dalia KLAJUMIENE (sud.), Lietuvos vienuolynai. Vadovas [Klasztory Litwy, przewodnik; Cloisters of Lithuania, A Guide], Vilnius: Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla,

1998, 545 pp., 384 ill., list of monasteries, list of recently active religious orders and congregations, short glossary of terms, list of literature

This book presents the Lithuanian part of the cultural program Monastic Influence Route initiated by the Council of Europe. It is addressed to tourist and to all those interested in the Christian and monastic heritage of Lithuania and it consists of description of various objects as well as illustrations. The intro-duction Monastic Route, written by dr. Irena Vaisvilaite, discusses the main features of Christian mona-sticism, as well as its historical development and the influence of secularization on monasticism. It alsoshows the revival of monasticism and its situation today. Both geographically and alphabetically, 67 monasteries are described. Some of them have been active and influential in the past, and some arealive today inside the boundaries of the present Lithuanian Republic. Most of them, 26 in all, were situ-ated in Vilnius, less – 8 only – in Kaunas, 2 in Kraziai and the rest – in other areas. The book is more edu-cational than scientific, but it includes of numerous authors (Aleksandra Aleksandravičiūtė, AdomasButrimas, Rasa Butvilaitė-Petrauskienė, Vidmantas Jankauskas, Rūta Janonienė, Auksė Kaladžinskaitė--Vičkienė, Dalia Klajumienė, Gražina Marija Martinaitienė, Rimantė Meldytė, Arvydas Pacevičius, Min-daugas Paknys, Tojana Račiūnaitė, Laima Šinkūnaitė, Povilas Šverebas, Rūta Birutė Vitkauskienė) who are true experts of their field. Each of the 67 articles describes the beginning, the further activitiesof the given monastic community, as well as the development, the opening and the closure of the cloisters, their heritage (the buildings, the works of art, etc.). These descriptions are based on research and on remaining sources. The book includes a great number of illustrative photographs.

Artūras GRICKEVIČIUSFaculty of History

Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences in Vilnius

320 Notki recenzyjne

Максим ЯРЕМЕНКО, Київське чернецтво XVIII ст., Київ: Видавничий дім „Києво--Могилянська Академія”; Maksim JARIEMIENKO, Mnisi kijowscy w XVIII w., Kijów: Dom

Wydawniczy „Akademii Kijowsko-Mohyliańskiej”; Maksim JARIEMIENKO, The monks of 18th century Kiev, Kiev: Kiev-Mohyla Academy Publishing House, 2007, 304 pp.

In first three chapters the author discusses the problems of functioning and composition of theOrthodox monasteries in Kiev respectively: legal dispositions regulating the reception of novices, reasons for becoming a monk, and the number of communities (chapter 1), the territorial and class origin of the monks, noting the domination of candidates from the left-bank Ukraine and a relatively small number of Kievians, the domination of sons of bourgeoisie, Orthodox priests, and peasants (chapter 2), and the age and physical condition of the monks (chapter 3).

In the 4th chapter, the intellectual level of friars is concerned. Most of them could only read and/or write, very few had a better education – they were mostly graduates of Kiev-Mohyla Academy, whose stay in Kiev was temporary. Among them, the most commonly recruited were bishops of various dio-ceses. Each monastery had a library. The largest was the library of St. Sophia monastery and, except the Vydubychi Monastery (St. Michael the Archangel), the books in Latin prevailed in them, what indicates the strength of Western cultural influence. The books in Latin and Polish prevailed in thebook collections of hegumens and archimandrites. The separate book collections were owned by some monks – liturgical books in Ruthenian prevailed here.

Chapter 5th treats about observances in monasteries. The author emphasizes, that in the light of his studies, the dominating negative image of the Orthodox monks habits has not been confirmed.

In five appendices the author presented the number of the communities, the age of friars at themoment of death, the territorial and class origin of monks, as well as the list of hegumens and archi-mandrites of each monasteries in Kiev and friars, who have been moved to other convents on the territory of the Russian Empire.

Ołeh DUCHInstitute of History

Ivan Franko National University in Lviv

Pavel KRAFL, Petra MUTLOVÁ, Dana STEHLIKOVÁ, Řeholní kanovníci sv. Augustina v Lanškrouně. Dějiny a diplomatář kláštera [The Regular Canons of St. Augustine in Lanškroun.

The History and Diplomatarium of the Monastery] (Práce Historického ústavu AV ČR, řada B: Editiones, svazek 7), Praha: Historický ústav, 2010, 400 pp., 52 ill.

This work resumes the genre of monastic diplomatarium which disappeared from Czech historio-graphy in the latter half of the 20th century yet is suitable for the presentation of sources concerning single ecclesiastical institutions. The first part of the book (pp. 34–88, English abstract on pp. 91–102),written by P. Krafl, is a brief but careful study of the history of the house of Canons Regular of St.Augustine in Lanškroun, from its establishment by Peter Jelito, the Bishop of Litomyšl, in 1371 to its removal early in the Hussite wars, about 1421. The study introduces the sources and the literature of the subject and treats, among other things, the origin and the property of the convent, the incorpo-rations of parochial churches and its relations with other ecclesiastical institutions, in particular, its


confraternity agreements with Czech, Moravian, and Polish convents. The second part of the book (pp. 105–286) is a new annotated edition of 53 Latin documents concerning the convent, dated be-tween 1371 and 1412, and presently in the care of archives in Brno, Prague, Třeboň, Olomouc, Kłodz-ko, Cracow, and Vatican. 48 of the 53 are originals, the remaining 5 – copies. The notes are in Latin. The documents are thoroughly indexed (pp. 289–397).

Ewa ZIELIŃSKAInstitute of History

Marie Curie Sklodowska University in Lublin

Lietuvos vienuolynų dailė. Parodos katalogas, 1998–2000, [Sztuka klasztorów Litwy, Katalog wystawy, 1998–2000; The Art of Lithuanian Cloisters, Exhibition Catalogue,

1998–2000], [Vilnius: R. Paknio leidykla. Wilno: Wydawnictwo R. Paknisa, 1998], 152 pp., 39 col. ill., list of literature and sources, index of persons

According to the cultural programme of the Council of Europe Monastic Influence Route, in 1998 the programme Monastic Route in Lithuania has been started. Due to this, in the same year an exhibition Lithuanian Monastic Art was opened by the Lithuanian Art Museum at Vilnius Picture Gallery. The exhibition lasted till 2000.

This issue presents the catalogue of the exhibition which includes 7 explanatory articles in Lithu-anian and in English as well as 39 large photographs of good quality that show the main art treasures with short descriptions. The first article by Dalia Tarandaite describes the painting and sculpture asan integral part of cloister decor and religious practice. The article is followed by a catalogue of reli-gious and historical paintings and a catalogue of the portraits of monks, fundators and benefactors of the monasteries. The catalogues include 26 black and white photographs of medium size, as well as exhaustive descriptions of the painted scenes and persons depicted. 61 works of art are presented this way. The second article by Valdas Gasiunas characterizes the Cloister graphic works also followed by a catalogue of 48 works (including 24 photographs). The third article by Ruta Vitkauskiene is devo-ted to sacral works of silver. It also includes a catalogue of 14 works (with 11 photographs). The same author provides one more article about the stamps of the cloisters of Lithuania with a catalogue of 19 exhibits including 17 photographs. The fifth article written by Linas Bubnelis describes smallreligious medals and provides a catalogue of 25 works and 18 photographs. The sixth article by Egle Pinkute studies liturgical embroidery. This is followed by a catalogue of 21 works with 8 photographs. The final article by Nijole Zilinskiene describes books from the collection of the Vilnius BenedictineAbbey and provides a catalogue of 21 works with 12 photographs.

Most of these exhibits – paintings, sculptures, graphic works, textile and metal works of the 16th–20th centuries – have been restored especially for this exhibition at the Restoration Centre named after Pranas Gudynas in Vilnius and are being exposed in public for the very first time.

Artūras GRICKEVIČIUSFaculty of History

Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences in Vilnius


Kazimierz ŁATAK CRL (ed.), Klasztor Bożego Ciała Kanoników Regularnych Laterańskich w Krakowie w okresie potrydenckim. Ludzie – wydarzenia – budowle – kultura [Corpus Christi

Monastery of the Canons Regular of the Lateran in Cracow in the post-Tridentine period. People – events – buildings – culture], Łomianki: Wydawnictwo LTW, 2012, 458 pp.

The introduction to the problem is provided by the articles of Fr. J. Pietrzykowski, who presented the Catholic Church in Poland in the fall of the Middle Ages and on the treshold of modernity, and by Fr. D. Zamiatała CMF, highlighting the religious life in Poland in the late medieval.

There are 7 articles devoted to characterize st. Stanisław Kazimierczyk. Fr. K. Łatak CRL has examined his family basing on the Kazimierz city registration books. J. Marszalska presented the image of the saint included in the hagiographic records until the mid-seventeenth century. The remaining texts treat about the “life after death” of Stanisław Kazimierczyk; elevatio and translatio corporis – the exhu-mation and transfer of the body (Fr. Sz. Praśkiewicz OCD), canonization (Fr. A. Scąber) and its echoes in Polish (Fr. W. Ćwiękała CRL) and Western means of communication (Fr. G. Cipolloni CRL). S. Dziedzic has discussed the restoration of the relics altar and F. Rozen – the religiousness of Kazimierz citizens in the light of its miracles from 1489–1490.

The volume includes studies on other Canons Regular: W. Szetelnicki’s on John of Nysa, T. Graff’son Dersław Borzymowski, and Fr. K. Łatak’s CRL on Piotr Clarec, and historical notes of Krzysztof Łoniewski.

Another group of articles concerns the monastery and the church of Corpus Christi in Cracow (Kazi-mierz). W. Szymborski researched the documents of indulgence and Fr. S. Nalbach CRL the dispute with the city council about the parish school. E. Piwowarczyk recognized the problem of the convent perception in the light of burgeoise legates, and in the second article – the issue of the powerful clientele in the context of made donations. Several authors have analyzed the contacts of this insti-tution with other monasteries. W. Mrozowicz investigated the relationship with the central facility in Kłodzko, A. Pobóg-Lenartowicz with the Blessed Virgin Mary Church on the Piasek Island abbey in Wrocław, Fr. W. Graczyk with the abbey in Czerwińsk upon Vistula, and E. Zielińska with the mona-stery in Kraśnik. The oldest statutes (constitutions) of Lateran Canons Regular obedience of Cracow were developed by Fr. S. Więzik CRL Another issue is the artistic and intellectual culture of the mo-nastery, which became the subject of research by ks. K. Łatak CRL (MB paintings famous of grace), B. Krasnowolski (the interior of the church in the context of Fr. Stefan Ranatowicz’s CRL chronicle), M. Marosz (monastic code), J. Kubieniec (the collection of antiphonaries) and A. Żmudziński (gothic monstrance).

Tomisław GIERGIELInstitute of History

Marie Curie Sklodowska University in Lublin


Józef MAKARCZYK OFMConv., Prowincja litewsko-białoruska zakonu braci mniejszych konwentualnych w latach 1687–1845 [Belarusian Province of Friars Minor Conventual

in 1687–1845], Grodno: Grodzieńska Diecezja Rzymsko-Katolicka, 2012, 555 pp.

Published in only 100 copies, the book of Fr. Józef Makarczyk is based on unpublished source mate-rial collected in archives and libraries of Minsk, Grodno, St. Petersburg, Vilnius, Rome and Vatican.

In chapter one the author discusses the process of the formation of Franciscan Lithuanian-Ruthenian province, the boundaries of seperate custodies, the origins and founders establishing the 31 mona-steries constituting it, located in the following cities and towns: Drohiczyn on the Bug, Drahichyn in the Brest Province of Belarus, Dzisna, Gelvonai, Grodno, Halshany, Hubina, Ivenets, Kaltanenai, Kaunas, Malaya Lapenitsa, Lukoml, Minsk, Norviliskes, Navahrudak, Valkininkai, Orsha, Ashmyany, Pinsk, Polotsk, Pastavy, Prozoroki, Serafin-Maciejewicze, Senno, Sakolniki, Stawiska, Szejbakpol, Svi-slach, Udelo, Vilnius, Zaiginys. In the next chapter, the Franciscan pastoral activity on this area is pre-sented: the parishes and chaplaincies handled, the preaching work, pastoral assistance in diocesan parishes, the propagation of the cult of Maria and of the saints, carried ecclesiastical organizations and associations, as well as charity, educational, and publishing activities. The tables are juxtaposing the names of cities and towns constituting separate parishes, the number of preachers in seperate monasteries of the province, but also paintings and statues located in monastic churches. Chapter three, presenting the life inside monasteries, discusses the practices of the community, prayers and penance, visitations, and i.a. libraries, with the valuable calculation of the amount of the volumes held. Chapter four is dedicated to the material bases of the Franciscan monasteries’ functioning in the Lithuanian-Belarusian province. The author discusses in it the foundation grants, bequests, and various liabilities, as well as the church, monastic, and grange duties. In the tables he juxtaposes the bequests with the sum of obligations of each convent, and the liturgical liabilities of the monks towards the founders.

The last chapter is about the dissolution of the aforementioned monasteries and its consequences. Most of the convents were dissolved by the ukase from 1832 – in Drohiczyn on the Bug, Drahichyn in the Brest Province of Belarus, Dzisna, Gelvonai, Halshany, Hubina, Ivenets, Kaltanenai, Malaya La-penitsa, Lukoml, Minsk, Norviliskes, Valkininkai, Polotsk, Pastavy, Prozoroki, Serafin-Maciejewicze, Sa-kolniki, Szejbakpol, Svislach, and Zaiginys. The author collates in tables the monks from the dissolved monasteries and discusses synthetically the fate of the monastic property. Subsequently, he presents the history of the the convents that have survived – Kaunas, Senno, Orsha, Navahrudak, Ashmyany, Udelo, Pinsk, Stawiska the main monastery in Vilnius, and Grodno. The author summarizes with the analysis of the participation of the monks in the January Uprising, discussing the dissolution of all remaining convents by the ukase from 1864, and presenting the fate of the last Franciscans on the area of Lithuanian-Belarusian province. In the source appendices he publishes translated into Po-lish The foundation act of Franciscans of Grodno, The foundation act of Franciscans from Zaiginys, The foundation act of Franciscans in Stawiska, Ordinationes Universales pro Religiosis Ordinis S. Francisco Conventualium, and encloses summary table containing The personnel of the Lithuanian-Belarusian and Red Ruthenian provinces, The rotation of personnel in the communities of Grodno and Svislach in different periods of existance. The work ends with the biography and the indexes of people and geo-graphical names.

Mariusz SAWICKIInstitute of History

University of Opole


Andrzej RADZIMIŃSKI, Dariusz KARCZEWSKI, Zbigniew ZYGLEWSKI (eds.), Sanctimoniales. Zakony żeńskie w Polsce i Europie Środkowej (do przełomu XVIII i XIX wieku) [Sanctimoniales.

Female convents in Poland and Central Europe (until the turn of 18th and 19th centuries)], Bydgoszcz-Toruń: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy

i Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, 2010, 514 pp., illustrations, tables, charts, CD

The book is a collection of studies, which were delivered on 24th–26th November 2004 at the con-ference organized in Mogilno by the Institute of History of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz and Institute of History and Archival Sciences of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It contains 32 articles grouped in 6 sections.

In the first section, discussing legal and constitutional issues related with the functioning of femalecongregations, are published the drafts concerning the constitution of Norbertine sisters in the post--tridentine period (sr. M. Borkowska OSB), the care of Dominicans on the convents belonging to their female branch (S. Zonenberg), Cistercian nuns abbeys on the Polish lands in the light of 13th century general chapter statutes (A. Galar), the statutes of Clarisses from the convent in Znojmo from 1436 (O. M. Przybyłowicz), religious observations of Cistercian-Benedictine nuns of Toruń in 1311–1632 (J. Kurek), and finally the visitation of Cistercian sisters from the abbey in Owińska in 1591–1619(R. Witkowski).

The second section consists of four works undertaking the problematic of female convents functio-ning on the lands neighbouring with Poland. Three of them sythetically discuss the development of women’s religious orders in the Middle Ages in Moravia (T. Borovský), Slovakia and Hungary (D. Vale-chová), and the Czech Republic (H. Pátková), with the latter being limited to the Premonstratensians in the post-Hussite era. The seperate study is devoted to Hungarian houses of Beguines (D. Dvořáková).

The third section concerns female convents on the Polish lands and includes works on the following subjects: research perspectives on canonical sisters from Piasek Island in Wrocław (A. Pobóg-Lenar-towicz), sisters in the Military Order of the Crusaders of the Red Star (M. Starnawska), the foundation salaries of the Silesian female convents until the middle of 14th century (A. Tarnas-Tomczyk), the pre-mises granted to the Norbertines from Czarnowąsy and Rybnik until 1228 (M. Kopka-Jędrychowska), the relationship between dukes of Opole and female monasteries located on the lands of their duchy (W. Dominiak), Tertiaries of the St. Bernardine monastery of Lviv (T. M. Trajdos), the order of Bridget-tines in Protestant Gdańsk in the light of their dispute with the city on the Siedlce district in 16th and 17th centuries (S. Kościelniak), and the abbey of Benedictine Sisters in Bysławek in 1602–1836 (A. Brygman).

Four articles discuss monastic convents: the composition of medieval female Dominican convent in Racibórz (A. Barciak) and Wrocław (K. Kaczmarek) and Clarisses in Opava (I. Pietrzyk), and the socio--ethnic composition of the Norbertine convent in Żukowo in 1579–1834 (A. Wilczewska).

Four works were devoted to selected manifestations of everyday life in the monasteries: the mental world of the nun in 17th and 18th centuries, based on the chronicles of the Benedictine abbey in Poznań (M. Bogucka), the cuisine and infirmary of the Clarisses monastery in Cracow until the end of18th century (P. Gąsiorowska), menu of Norbertines from the abbey of Zwierzyniec in Cracow in 18th

century (J. Rajman), and the elementary components of daily life (clothing, food, tableware, hygiene, funeral ceremony, burial, equipping the deceased) of Norbertines in Strzelno in the light of archeolo-gical research, with the multimedia presentation on CD (K. Sulkowska-Tuszyńska).


The last chapter contains works concentrating on the literature and book collections: post mona-stic documents in the collection of National Archive in Wrocław (R. Stelmach), the literature of Ci-stercian nuns of the abbey in Trzebnica in 13th century (A. Wałkówski), scriptorium from the abbey of regular canons in Czerwińsk as the emergence place of liturgical manuscripts of Norbertine si-sters from Płock (M. Stawski), intellectual culture of Benedictine sisters congregation of Chełmno (J. Gwioździk), dispersing the book collections of monasteries dissolved in 18th and 19th centuries (I. Pietrzkiewicz), the documents of Cistercian sisters abbey in Stare Brno from 1378–1419 in the archive in Brno (P. Krafl).

This volume, together with the comprehensive publication about Cistercian sisters issued few years ago (A. M. WYRWA, fr. A. KIEŁBASA SDS, fr. J. SWASTEK (ed.), Cysterki w dziejach i kulturze ziem polskich, dawnej Rzeczypospolitej i Europy Środkowej. Materiały z siódmej Międzynarodowej Konferencji Cyster-sologów odbytej z okazji 800. rocznicy fundacji cysterek w Trzebnicy, Trzebnica 18–21 września 2002 r. [Cistercian sisters in the history and culture of Polish territory, former Commonwealth and Central Eu-rope. The proceedings of 7th International Conference of Cistercian Researchers on the occasion of 800th anniversary of founding Cistercian sisters in Trzebnica, Trzebnica 18th–21st September 2000], Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, 2004, 1120 pp.), provides a valuable summary of scientific research achie-vements on female religious life.

Marek L. WÓJCIKInstitute of History

University of Wrocław

Ewa M. ZIÓŁEK, Między tronem i ołtarzem. Kościół i państwo w Księstwie Warszawskim [Between the throne and the altar. Church and state in the Duchy of Warsaw],

Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL 2012, 880 pp., 26 ill., 2 maps, 4 tables, bibliography, index of names

This is the first monograph on the relationship between the state and the Catholic Church in theperiod of the Duchy of Warsaw (1806–1812). The author points on the undertaken attempts to recon-struct the “alliance of the throne and altar“, which complicated the dependence of the Duchy from France. The first chapter discusses the impact of Austrian and Prussian policy on the condition of theChurch in the Polish lands, the establishment of the Duchy of Warsaw, and the attitude of Governing Commission towards the Church. The second chapter – the place of the Catholic Church in the legal system of the Duchy of Warsaw, and failed attempts to conclude the concordat with the Holy See. The third chapter – the influence of military character of the Duchy on the material condition of theChurch, and the issue of its relation to the Polish army.

HM readers will be mostly interested in chapter four: Polityka rządu wobec zakonów [Government pol-icy towards the religious orders]. As the author emphasizes, contrary to the commonly known views, the authorities of the Duchy did not seek to dissolve the monasteries, because needing the Church support, they were trying to avoid any conflicts. They were also aware, that considering the fact ofvery small number of diocesan priests, the friars could take over some of their duties. The difficultsituation of the convents in this period was the result of their poor economic conditions caused by the policy of the occupant Austrian and Prussian authorities before 1806. The Duchy authori-ties, struggling with huge financial problems, were unable to support the monasteries. The remedyfor this situation was to be a decree of 23rd March 1811 postulating, under the approval of Church


authorities, the mergence of small monasteries in larger, economically independent entities. With a special concern were surrounded those congregations, which has been considered as useful for the country, namely those teaching and carrying hospitals. In particular regard, as a symbol of Polish identity, was treated the monastery of Jasna Góra.

The book ends with two chapters devoted to the Church reform projects and the relation of the Church to the state and monarch – Frederick Augustus, patriotism of the clergy, and the religious-ness of discussed period.

Marek DERWICHInstitute of History

University of Wrocław

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