Nilanjan Sarkar Voice of Barani

30
The Voice of Mah . mu - d: The Hero in Ziya - Baran s Fata - wa - -i Jaha - nda - r 1 Nilanjan Sarkar This article is an initial attempt to study the internal dynamics of the Fatw-i Jahndr, a Mirrors for Princes text written in the mid-fourteenth century by Ziya Barani, an ex-courtier, resident in Delhi. It focuses on the authors use of the voice of Mahmud of Ghazni and, through examples from the text, tries to understand possible meanings that it may have en- gendered for the narrative and the reader. As such, the article is both a methodological and empirical exercise. This article attempts to study the internal dynamics of a fourteenth- century Persian text, the Fatw-i Jahndr (lit. Decrees on Ordering the [Governed] World; hereafter Fatw) 2 written in sultanate Delhi by a disenfranchised courtier, Ziya al-Din Barani. Written in the Mirrors for Princes tradition, this set of 24 Advice comprise, uniquely, an uncom- missioned text, with no known royal or courtly patron. This article focuses on the employment of the protagonistSultan Mahmud of Ghazniin The Medieval History Journal, 9, 2 (2006) Sage Publications J New Delhi, Thousand Oaks, London DOI: 10.1177/097194580600900206 1 This article is extracted from my unpublished doctoral dissertation The Political Identity of the Delhi Sultanate, 12001400: A Study of Zi al-Dn Barans Fatw-i Jahndr, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 2005. It has benefited from comments from Monica Juneja, Samira Sheikh, Sunil Sharma and an anony- mous reviewer of the journal. Diacritics are used only in Persian references; footnote re- ferences for the Fatw follow the order of manuscript folios; edited text; translation. All references to translation are from Afzal ud-Dins Ph.D dissertation. 2 Barani, Fatw-i Jahndr; trans. into English in Afzal ud-Din, The Fatawa-i Jahandari of Zia ud-din Barni; partially published in Habib and Khan, The Political Theory of the Delhi Sultanate. The text is hereafter referred to as Fatw. * Commissioning Editor, Taylor & Francis Books India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. E-mail: [email protected]

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