Nhng iu cn bit

cy lan khng cht v

Gi th trng lan

Cy lan l cy hoa cnh c nhiu ngi a chung bi v p mun mu,

mun v ca n.Tuy nhin lan l mt loi hoa cn c chm sc thng

xuyn v ng cch, nu khng cy sng nhng ci cc, khng ra hoa hoc s

cht i.

Cy lan b cht c nhiu nguyn nhn, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh l ch

nhn ca cy lan khng thng n, v khng thng nn khng tm hiu cch

nui dng n, khng cho n mt t thi gian ti tm, phng su bnh.

1.Ti sao cy lan cht

Trc tin cy lan cht v con ngi khng ch n mi trng sng ca n. Cy

lan s khng tng trng nu t ngt thay i mi trng sinh sng thin nhin

c hu. Phi mt thi gian lu cy lan thch hp vi mi trng mi. y l

im ngi mua lan v nui trng cn lu . Mt cy lan vng nhit i, kh hu

m t em v vng kh hu kh ro, t m , cy kh sng nu khng c

phng tin cung ng iu kin thch hp. C nhng hoa lan ch th phn c

nh mt loi ong, bm ch c ni mi trng m thi. Do vy, ngi mi

chi lan nn mua nhng cy c ph thng, thch hp vi mi trng mnh

ang sinh sng. Khng nn v mu sc, hnh dng bt mt m mua khng n o.

Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit

thay i trong ngy t 21oC - 38oC v ban m phi lnh

Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit

thay i trong ngy t 21oC 38oC v ban m phi lnh

Khi mua mt ging lan l ta cn bit tn (tn khoa hc) hay t nht tn bnh dn

nhng ph thng. Tn c nh cung cp ghi r vo tm th km theo cy .Chng

ta nn cn thn ghi chp y tn khoa hc v mt vi tn ph thng cho d tra

cu. Nu c nn xin nh vn cung cp cho mt ti liu v cch nui trng hoc

trao i vi h bit thm v cy lan mnh mun mua. V d c nhng cy lan

cn ng v ma ng, nn khng cn ti nc, bn phn trong thi gian ny.

Lm ngc li cy lan s cht.

Ni nm na, cy ci cng nh con ngi cn mt s yu t sng nh nc, nh

sng, nhit , khng kh v mt s iu kin tng trng nh phn bn, s

chm sc ca con ngi. Ty tng loi lan, ty cch trng m cung ng nhng yu

t trn cho thch hp. Cy cn m, cn nc nhng ti nhiu qu cy b ng

nc, thi r v cht. Cy lan x nng, em v x lnh trng, nu khng tng nhit

thch hp, cy lan s cht. Cy lan cn nh sng, cn nng tng trng, ra

hoa. Nu lu trong ch rp, trong nh, cy lan s yu, d b bnh v khng ra

hoa.

2. cy lan khng cht

Ngi trng lan d kinh doanh hay trng nh mt th tiu khin u phi tm

hiu v k thut, phng php c th thnh cng,cn hc hi, tm hiu, trao i

thu thp kinh nghim cho mnh. Ti nc cho lan, mi nghe tng d, nhng

90% cy lan cht v ti qu nhiu nc. Khng bn phn cy lan ch chm ln,

bn phn khng ng cch, cy lan cht. cy lan khi cht, ngi chi phi c

gng nht l trong thi gian u hc hi, tm hiu. Sau vi kinh nghim, mi

vic s d dng hn.

Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn

ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l

Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn

ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l

Tm hiu nhng c tnh ca cy lan trc khi mua. i vi ngi mi trng lan

nn mua nhng cy d trng. i vi nhng cy lan l nn tm hiu thm nhng

c tnh ring bit ca mi loi cung ng nhng i hi thch hp. Tm hiu kh

nng ca mnh c phng tin hay khng, V d xy nh knh cho cc cy khc

vng kh hu.

Ngi nui trng cn tm hiu s qua cch ti nc, bn phn, tr bnh tt, su

ry cho ng phng php. T khi c triu chng cho n khi cht, cy lan c mt

thi gian kh lu cho ta cu cha kp thi. Nu cy khng tng trng ta nn

n mi trng, v tr t cy lan, nng, thiu nng, tha nng. S gi nng

chiu trong ngy hay s chnh lch nhit cao-thp cng nh hng n cy lan

c ra hoa hay khng. Nu lu mt v tr m cy khng pht trin ta nn thay i

ra ch khc. Mm non v r mi xut hin cho ta bit cy c th chp nhn

ch mi. L t nhin i mu vng, r xung, r thm en ch cn gn gia, bo

hiu cy lan d nc v ti qu nhiu hay nc khng thot c hoc t trng

cn phi thay v mn thnh bn. Cc u l, sau mt thi gian bn phn b kh

chy tc l ta bn qu nhiu phn. Cn kim sot li nng ca phn hoc

khong cch mi ln ti. Ta cng lu nhng du hiu trn l, trn r chn

on bnh v cu cha kp thi.

Ni chung, trnh cho cy lan khng cht chng ta cn:

- Tm hiu c tnh ca cy lan mnh mun mua trng, khng mua ty hng.

- Nn trng nhng cy d trc c kinh nghim.

- T xt kh nng ca mnh v s chm sc, trang tri, v k thut.

- p dng ng nhng iu hc hi, kinh nghim v hng dn chuyn bit.

- Khng t i khi tm hiu, hc hi, trao i vi nhng ngi c kinh nghim.

- Gi v sinh trang tri, dng c trnh ly bnh, vi trng, virus.

Gi th trng lan

Mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt

cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan khng th dng nhng cht

liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu nc khng th dng

cht liu mau kh c.

Nhiu ngi thc mc khng bit nn trng lan bng cht liu g cho ng cch v

trn th trng c qu nhiu cht liu v mi ngi trng mt khc. Chng ta

nhng ngi chi lan ti t thng mc chung mt chng bnh: Mun trng

loi, nhng li cng mt ch, trng vi nhiu cht liu khc nhau m li ti

bn nh nhau. Xin phn tch tng th mt chng ta chn la, bi v chng c

mt th no l tng 100% c th dng cho tt c cc loi lan.

Ngi ta c th trng lan bng nhiu th nh v cy, , s da, ru v.v...

Nhng mi cht liu c nhng c tnh khc nhau cho nn c nhng li im v

khuyt im. Chng ta nn nh rng mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc

nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan

khng th dng nhng cht liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu

nc khng th dng cht liu mau kh c. Ngoi ra cn c nhng vn ph

thuc lin quan n nh: Ti nc, sn c trn th trng, gi c, tin dng hay

khng?

1) V thng (Fir Bark)

Th ny thng dng hn c, r tin, d mua, gi nc v m, kh thch hp cho

nhiu th lan cho nn nhiu ngi dng. iu bt tin l th ny gi cht mui c

sn trong nc v trong phn bn, ch gi c chng 2/3 s Nitrogene trong phn

bn v thng thng s b mc nt trong khong 2-3 nm.

Fir Bark c 3 hng:

Ln (coarse) to khong 3/4 tr ln dng cho cc cy ln, cn ti nhiu v thot

nc.

Va (medium) t 1/4 n 1/2 dng cho nhng cy trung bnh v r nh.

Nh (fine) t 1/8 n 1/4 dng cho cc cy cn nh hoc nhng loi cn gi nuc

lu hn.

Xin ng nhm ln vi loi Pine bark, cng l v thng nhng c ln g trong ,

th ny mau mc, ng nc, ln men mc trng, du thng trong g s lm hi r.

Lan khng a th Pine Bark ny.

V thng nh (Fir bark small)

V thng trung bnh (Fir bark medium)

V thng ln (Fir bark large)

2) G thng (Red wood shaving)

Th ny cng khng qu t, gi nc nhiu nc v m, li nhiu acide cho

nn ch dng di 50%, tr c nm men trng. Sn khng v (slug) khng a

th ny. iu bt tin l th ny trng khng cht cho nn phi ct cy vo chu

v kh tm loi g tt.

G thng (Red wood shaving)

3) R cy dng s (Tree fern)

Th ny mau kh, lu bn dc trn 3 nm mi mc, nh thch hp vi nhng r

treo (hanging basket)

R cy dng s (Tree fern)

4) S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)

S da dng lt y chu hay r treo hoc trng nhng loi lan cn ro nc.

Khuyt im mau kh v nh cho nn chu hay b .

V da ct nh c hai loi va (Medium) v nh (fine). u dim l ngm nc

mau hn v gi m lu hn, Nhng phn ng cc loi s da u c nhiu

mui trong, nn cn phi ngm nc vi ngy, x cho sch ri mi trng c.

Theo kinh nghim cc ging lan Laelia khng a trng bng s da.

S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)

5) Ru (Sphagnum moss)

Loi ru bn x hoc Canada mu nu en hoc nu xanh khng nn dng v phm

cht xu v trong ru c nhiu cht lm cho cy lan yu i. Ch nn dng loi ru

nhp cng t New Zealand hoc Brasil mu vng rm trng lan v trong ru c

tc dng tr nm mc. Khi trng, khng nn nn qu cht mi ch c nhiu

nc. Rt tt trng lan trn cnh cy v chu g nhng qu t tin, chng h

mc v gi mui cho nn c vi thng phi x nc cho nhiu hay ngm trong

nc.

Ru (Sphagnum moss)

6) Than (Charcoal)

Than trng lan khng phi l th lan t l lm sn tng vin. Than phi t t

ci dng cho vic trng trt (Agriculture charcoal). Than c u im lu bn t 5-6

nm mi phi thay chu v ch dng mt c cho th cy ln nh. Sn khng v

(Slug) khng a sng trong than. Nhc im qu t v gi cht mui v phn

bn cho nn c hai thng phi x tht nhiu nc cho sch.

Than (Charcoal)

7) ni la (Lava rock)

ni la c u im d ngm nc, khng b mc, thong hi v khng qu

nng. Rt tt lt y chu thay cho cht xp u phng (Peanut foam) Nhc

im l gi cht mui cho nn c 2 thng phi x nc cho sch. Sn khng v a

tr ng trong k .

ni la (Lava rock)

8) xp (Pumice rock)

Pumice l mt loi lava rock nhng nh hn v thm nc, lu bn khng b

mc nhng cng c nhc im l gi mui v th c nhiu loi lan khng a loi

ny.

xp (Pumice rock)

9) bt (Perlite or sponge rock)

bt hau trn chu rt nh v thm nc, dng trn vi v thng hoc r

cy cho thong kh rt thch hp cho cc loi lan c r nh.

bt (Perlite or sponge rock)

Mt vi cng thc trng lan

LAN T CYMBIDIUM

V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 5 phn

V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 2 phn

V da nh hoc ln (Coconut chip) 2 phn

Ct s 12 1 phn

G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn

CATTLEYA, LAELIA, SCHOMGBURKIA, PHALAENOPSIS v.v...

V thng va 1/2 (Medium grade) 6 phn

V da ln 1/2" (Coconut chip) 2 phn

xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 2 phn

trn chu bt (Perlite) 1 phn

G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn

DENDROBIUM

V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 4 phn

V da 1/2 (Coconut chip) 2 phn

xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 4 phn

G thng 1/2 phn

N HI V CC CY C R NH NH MILTONIA, ONCIDIUM

V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 6 phn

V da nh 1/4 (Coconut chip) 2 phn

Than nh 1/8-1/4 (Charcoal) 1 phn

bt (Perlite) 1 phn

Ngi ta trng lan vi kh nhiu cng thc khc nhau, sau y l mt vi cng

thc kh thng dng v kt qu m mn.