New Horizon College English Book 4

新视野大学英语 4New Horizon College English Book 4

新视野大学英语 4

School of Foreign Studies 外国语学院

Unit 4王伟

School of Foreign Studies 外国语学院

Unit 4王伟

Unit Four Section A The Telecommunications

Revolution

Warm-upWarm-up

Watch and Discuss: Watch and Discuss:

1.How much do you know about telecommunications? Its development? The devices?

2. What impact does the telecommunications 2. What impact does the telecommunications development have on our life?development have on our life?

Warm-upWarm-up

Watch and Discuss: Watch and Discuss:

1.How much do you know about telecommunications? Its development? The devices?

2. What impact does the telecommunications 2. What impact does the telecommunications development have on our life?development have on our life?

Watch and Discuss

1.Tips

telegram

mobile phonemobile phonetelephonetelephone

TVTV

digital TV

fax

Internet and email

satellite Information superhighway

2.Tips2.TipsAdvantages:Advantages: conveniences in my life;

possible to communicate with others at any time and any places;

access to endless amount of information;

Side-effects …Read fewer books.

Engage in fewer social activities.

Communicate less within the family and feel more lonely and depressed.

Get lost over the endless amount of information.

video conferencevideo conference

Online shoppingOnline shopping

blogblog

E-learningE-learning

Background InformationBackground Information

The Information Age is an era of fundamental and gloThe Information Age is an era of fundamental and global change in intellectual, philosophical, cultural and sobal change in intellectual, philosophical, cultural and social terms. Today’s Information Age began with the telecial terms. Today’s Information Age began with the telegraph. It was the first instrument to transform informatgraph. It was the first instrument to transform information into electrical form and transmit it reliably over long ion into electrical form and transmit it reliably over long distances. New techniques of encoding and distributing distances. New techniques of encoding and distributing digital information are promoting the progress of the Indigital information are promoting the progress of the Information Age throughout society. formation Age throughout society.

Information AgeInformation Age

Information SuperhighwayInformation Superhighway

This is a name first used by former US vice-president This is a name first used by former US vice-president

Al Gore for the vision of a global, high-speed Al Gore for the vision of a global, high-speed

communications network that would carry voice, data, communications network that would carry voice, data,

video, and other forms of information all over the world, video, and other forms of information all over the world,

and that would make it possible for people to send e-and that would make it possible for people to send e-

mail, get up-to-the-minute news, and access business, mail, get up-to-the-minute news, and access business,

government and educational information. government and educational information.

The Internet is already providing many of these The Internet is already providing many of these features, via telephone networks, cable TV services, features, via telephone networks, cable TV services, online service providers, and satellites. In the US, the online service providers, and satellites. In the US, the information superhighway is also known as National information superhighway is also known as National Information Infrastructure. The information Information Infrastructure. The information superhighway can be understood to be a highway which superhighway can be understood to be a highway which has computer technology and modern has computer technology and modern telecommunications technology serving as the base of telecommunications technology serving as the base of the road and fiber-optic cables serving as the surfacethe road and fiber-optic cables serving as the surface

of the road. The “vehicles” are the multimedia machines of the road. The “vehicles” are the multimedia machines

equipped with computer, television and telephone, and hequipped with computer, television and telephone, and h

igh speed transmission and exchange of various multimeigh speed transmission and exchange of various multime

dia information form the web covering the whole nation. dia information form the web covering the whole nation.

If the national superhighways all over the world are linkIf the national superhighways all over the world are link

ed together, the global information superhighway will bed together, the global information superhighway will b

e created.e created.

• Activity & Assignment

Contents

• Summary

• Structure and writing device

• Passage Reading

• New Words

1. boost: v.a. to increase; raise 增加；提高b. promote vigorously; help or encourage (sb./sth.) 促进，改善，

激励

I. New WordsI. New Words

The company boosted its sales this year.

Example

意外的胜利鼓舞了全队的士气。

这家公司今年的销售量增加了。

The unexpected win boosted the team’s morale.

2. parade:a. A line of people, vehicles, etc. moving forward in order, often as a celebration of

some event 游行b. A series of people or things that seems never to end 一连串，一系列

I. New WordsI. New Words

Example

The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade has kicked off in New York.

The parade opened with Snoopy.

As always, Santa Claus made an appearance at the As always, Santa Claus made an appearance at the paradeparade. .

2. parade:a. A line of people, vehicles, etc. moving forward in order, often as a celebration of

some event 游行b. A series of people or things that seems never to end 一连串，一系列

I. New WordsI. New Words

Example

A parade of people said that Mr. Davis had shot a policeman.

一干人声称戴维斯先生枪击了一名警察。

3. condense: V.

a. make sth. shorter or smaller 缩短；压缩b. (cause sth. to) change from gas or vapour to a liquid 凝结；冷凝

I. New WordsI. New Words

He managed to condense his letter of application to one page.

他设法将他的申请信压缩成一页。

Example

蒸气接触到冷的表面就凝结成水。Steam is condensed into water when it touches cold surfaces.

4. economic & economical:

a. economic: relating to the economy of a country and economics 经济的，经济学的

b. economical: not costing a lot of money or not wasting money 省钱的，实惠的，节约的，节俭的

I. New WordsI. New Words

Example

This car is economical to run because it doesn’t use much fuel.

economic bankruptcy

economic circles

an economic crisis

economic sanction

经济破产经济界经济危机经济制裁

开这辆车省钱，因为它耗油不多。

5. intensive: a. involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short peri

od of time 密集的；集中的；加强的

Example

labor-intensive 劳动密集型的capital-intensive 资金密集型的intensive care 重病特别护理intensive study 强化学习

6. lick: vt.a. move one’s tongue over sth. 舔b. (sl) easily defeat sb. or deal with sth. （俚）击败；克服

I. New WordsI. New Words

小女孩在舔着冰淇淋蛋卷。

Example

Manchester United licked Chelsea

in an English Premiership match.

The little girl is licking the ice-cream cone.

在一场英超联赛中，曼联队

击败了切尔西队。

A. Language points

7.stake:a. money that sb. invests in a company 股份b. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc. that is pushed into the grond t

o support sth. or mark a particular place 桩；柱；棍子

Example

• Activity & Assignment

Contents

• Summary

• Structure and writing device

• Passage Reading

• New Words

Writing device: Comparisons

Introduction + Question + Sample Solutions + Conclusion

Structure Analysis

Part IV (Para. 11):

Part III (Paras. _ ~ _ ):

Part I (Paras.1~_ ):

Part II (Para. _ ):

Sample solutions: Six countries or regions are working hard to realize telecommunications transformation.

Introduction: the advantages of telecommunications technologies.

Question: How fast to develop telecommunications technologies in developing countries?

Conclusion: Developing countries can catch up with Americans and Western Europeans if they persist.

2

3

4 10

• Activity & Assignment

Contents

• Summary

• Structure and writing device

• Passage Reading

• New Words

Part I (Para.1-2): Advantages of the telecommunications revolution for developing countries

Passage Reading

A.Language points

B.Questions

Para. 1a A transformation is occurring that should

greatly boost living standards in the developing world.

Places that until recently were deaf and dumb are rapidly

acquiring up-to-date telecommunications that will let

them promote both internal and foreign investment.

The Telecommunications RevolutionThe Telecommunications Revolution improve

聋哑的 here ： referring to places without telecommunications facilities such as telephones and thus unable to communicate with the outside world

Para. 1b It may take a decade for many countries in Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe to improve transportation, power supplies, and other utilities. But a single optical fiber with a diameter of less than half a millimeter can carry more information than a large cable made of copper wires. By installing optical fiber, digital switches, and the latest wireless transmission systems, a parade of urban centers and industrial zones from Beijing to Budapest are stepping directly into the Information Age. A spider’s web of digital and wireless communication links is already reaching most of Asia and parts of Eastern Europe.

Para 1 Advantages of the telecommunications revolution for developing countries

光纤

数字交换机

Para. 2 All these developing regions see advanced communications as a way to leap over whole stages of economic development. Widespread access to information technologies, for example, promises to condense the time required to change from labor-intensive assembly work to industries that involve engineering, marketing, and design. Modern communications “will give countries like China and Vietnam a huge advantage over countries stuck with old technology”.

把…视为做…的方法，途径

有…的可能；有…希望

Why are advanced communications seen as a way to leap over whole stages of economic development?

A. Language points

1. Widespread ／ Constant access to sth. promises / tends to do sth. else. 广泛／经常接触／应用 ······ 有望 / 易于 ······

近朱者赤，近墨者黑。近朱者赤，近墨者黑。

Example

Frequent access to vermilion tends to make one red, whereas constant access to ink tends to keep one black.

A. Language points

2. give sb. an advantage over : make someone more likely to succeed than others 使具有优势

Example

Her youth gave her an advantage over the other runner..

她年轻，这是她比其他赛跑者优越的地方。

A. Language points

3. be stuck with: have sth. you do not want because you cannot get rid of it 无法摆脱，解脱不了

Shall we be stuck with the chattering old lady until the end of the holiday?

Example

我们得一直等到假度完了才能摆脱这位喋喋不休的老太太吗？

Part II (Para.3): How fast to develop telecommunications technologies in developing countries?

Passage Reading

A.Language points

B.Questions

Para 3 Question

Para. 3 How fast these nations should push ahead is a matter of debate. Many experts think Vietnam is going too far by requiring that all mobile phones be expensive digital models, when it is desperate for any phones, period. “These countries lack experience in weighing costs and choosing between technologies,” says one expert.

极向往的，急需要的 Unit1

推进Move ahea

d

权衡

A. Language points

1. a matter of sth. : sth. that needs or depends on sth. else 是…的问题

Example

Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to take a chance.

他的玩忽职守他的玩忽职守是是品德品德问题问题。。

His negligence of duties is His negligence of duties is a matter ofa matter of morality. morality.

商业上的成功就在于把握时机。

A. Language points

2. go too far: behave in an unacceptable or extreme way走得太远 , 做的过火

I do not mind a joke, but this is going too far.

Example

我不介意开玩笑，但他做得过头了。

A. Language points

3. period: used at the end of a statement to show that you believe you have said all there is to say on a subject and you are not going to discuss it any more.

There will be no more shouting, period!

Example

别再喊叫了，到此为止 !

We are all against the proposal, period.

我们都反对这个建议，我说完了。

Part III (Para.4-10): Sample solutions: Six countries or regions

Passage Reading

A.Language points

B.Questions

Para 4 Russia

Para. 4 Still, there’s little dispute that communications will be a key factor separating the winners from the losers. Consider Russia. Because of its strong educational system in mathematics and science, it should thrive in the Information Age. The problem is its national phone system is a rusting antique that dates from the l930s. To lick this problem, Russia is starting to install optical fiber and has a strategic plan to pump $40 billion into various communications projects. But its economy is stuck in recession and it barely has the money to even scratch the surface of the problem.

There is little dispute/doubt that:There is little dispute/doubt that:

毋庸争辩，毋庸置疑毋庸争辩，毋庸置疑

解决问题解决问题

A. Language points

1. to pump / pour / inject sth. into : 向 ······ 投入／注入

教育不是一个向学生头脑中教育不是一个向学生头脑中灌输灌输事实的问题，而是一个挖事实的问题，而是一个挖掘其潜能的问题。掘其潜能的问题。

Example

Education is not a matter of Education is not a matter of

pumping pumping factsfacts into into students’ minds, students’ minds,

but a matter of working out their but a matter of working out their

potentials.potentials.

A. Language points

2. be stuck in : be in an unpleasant situation and unable to change it or get away from it 陷入 ，困住

这辆公交车陷在了泥里。

Example

The bus is stuck in the mud.

He was stuck awkwardly in the middle.

他处于进退两难的尴尬境地。

A. Language points

3. scratch the surface: deal with only the simple or obvious parts of sth. 仅触及表面；浅尝辄止

The famine is so bad and aid can only s

cratch the surface.

饥荒十分严重，援助也只是杯水车薪。 scratch the surface ofscratch the surface of the problem the problem

仅触及问题表面仅触及问题表面

Example

Para 5 Mainland China

Para. 5 Compare that with the mainland of China. Over the next decade, it plans to pour some $100 billion into telecommunications equipment. In a way, China’s backwardness is an advantage, because the expansion occurs just as new technologies are becoming cheaper than copper wire systems. By the end of 1995, each of China’s provincial capitals except for Lhasa will have digital switches and high-capacity optical fiber links. This means that major cities are getting the basic infrastructure to become major parts of the information superhighway, allowing people to log on to the most advanced services available.

pump / pour /inject sth.into

:to a certain extent; partly

A. Language points

1. log on to:

to get access to (Internet) 登陆，进入（系统）

Example

Anyone can log on to this computer..

任何人都可以登录这台计算机。

Para 6 Shanghai

Para. 6 Telecommunications is also a key to Shanghai’s dream of becoming a top financial center. To offer peak performance in providing the electronic data and paperless trading global investors expect, Shanghai plans telecommunications networks as powerful as those in Manhattan.

bestbest

Para 7 Hungary

Para. 7a Meanwhile, Hungary also hopes to jump into the modern world. Currently, 700,000 Hungarians are waiting for phones. To partially overcome the problem of funds and to speed the import of Western technology, Hungary sold a 30% stake in its national phone company to two Western companies.

What has Hungary done to quicken its steps into the modern world?

Para 7 Hungary

Para. 7b To further reduce the waiting list for phones, Hungary has leased rights to a Dutch-Scandinavian group of companies to build and operate what it says will be one of the most advanced digital mobile phone systems in the world. In fact, wireless is one of the most popular ways to get a phone system up fast in developing countries. It’s cheaper to build radio towers than to string lines across mountain ridges, and businesses eager for reliable service are willing to accept a significantly higher price tag for a wireless call—the fee is typically two to four times as much as for calls made over fixed lines.

租借，出租租借，出租

Why is wireless one of the most popular ways to boost a phone system in developing countries?

1. … times as … as … : 是……的……倍

•这本书是那本书篇幅的三倍。Example

This book is three times as long as the length of that one.

Para 8 Latin American countries

Para. 8 Wireless demand and usage have also exploded across the entire width and breadth of Latin America. For wireless phone service providers, nowhere is business better than in Latin America—having an operation there is like having an endless pile of money at your disposal. BellSouth Corporation, with operations in four wireless markets, estimates its annual revenue per average customer at about $2,000 as compared to $860 in the United States. That’s partly because Latin American customers talk two to four times as long on the phone as people in North America.

A. Language points

1. the width and length of sth. / the length and breadth of sth. ： the entire extent of something······ 的全部 :

英雄闯遍天下，铲除不平，救助危难。

Example

The heroes traveled the length a

nd breadth of the land, righting

wrongs and helping people in n

eed.

A. Language points

2. at one’s disposal: available for one to use as one wishes 供任意使用，可自行支配

•Students have a well-stocked library at their disposal.Example

学生有个藏书丰富的图书馆，非常方便。

Para 9 Thailand

Para. 9 Thailand is also turning to wireless, as a way to allow Thais to make better use of all the time they spend stuck in traffic. And it isn’t that easy to call or fax from the office: The waiting list for phone lines has from one to two million names on it. So mobile phones have become the rage among businesspeople who can remain in contact despite the traffic jams.

use sth.use sth.

流行，时尚，风靡一时流行，时尚，风靡一时的事物的事物

A. Language points

1. become/be (all) the fashion/rage: be the latest style/trend流行起来，成为时尚

•牛仔裤在青少年中间很流行 。 。

Example

Jeans are all the rage among teenagers.

Para 10 Vietnam

Para. 10 Vietnam is making one of the boldest leaps. Despite a per person income of just $220 a year, all of the 300,000 lines Vietnam plans to add annually will be optical fiber with digital switching, rather than cheaper systems that send electrons over copper wires. By going for next-generation technology now, Vietnamese telecommunications officials say they’ll be able to keep pace with anyone in Asia for decades.

go for sth.: a. choose sth. 选择某事物 b. attempt to have or achieve sth. 想要取得或成就某事

我想我还是我想我还是要要水果色拉吧。水果色拉吧。

Example

I think I’ll go for the fruit salad.

她她想要创造想要创造跳高世界纪录。跳高世界纪录。

She’s She’s going forgoing for the world record in the high jump. the world record in the high jump.

A. Language points

keep pace with: move, increase, change, etc. at the same speed as someone or something else 与…并驾齐驱，齐头并进，跟上

Example

Have earnings kept pace with rising prices?

Para 11 Conclusion: Developing countries can catch up with Americans and Western Europeans if they persist.

Para. 11 For countries that have lagged behind for so long, the temptation to move ahead in one jump is hard to resist. And despite the mistakes they’ll make, they’ll persist—so that one day they can cruise alongside Americans and Western Europeans on the information superhighway.

落后，滞后落后，滞后

• Activity & Assignment

• Summary

• Structure and writing device

• Passage Reading

• New Words

Contents

Summary of expressions(1)提高生活水平

促进国内投资

最新无线传输系统

一系列

走得太远

急需

缺某方面经验

估算成本

选择技术

区分输赢的因素

to boost living standards

to promote internal investment

the latest wireless transmission system

a parade of

to go too far

to be desperate for

to lack experience in sth.

to weigh costs

to choose between technologies

factors separating winners from losers

Summary of expressions(2)

在信息时代繁荣

解决资金问题

大容量光纤

基础设施

信息高速公路

提供优质服务

花高价买某物

由自己支配

与某人保持联系

迈出大胆的一步

to thrive in the Information Age

to lick the problem of funds

high-capacity optical fiber

basic infrastructure

information superhighway

to offer peak performance

to accept higher price tag for sth.

at one’s disposal

to remain in contact with sb.

to make a bold leap

Summary of expressions(3)

摆脱不了／陷入 :

推进某事 :

······ 的问题 :

使用／利用 :

选择；想要取得

to be stuck with / in

to push ahead with sth.

a matter of

to make use of

to go for

• Activity & Assignment

• Summary

• Structure and writing device

• Passage Reading

• New Words

Contents

Activity: Appreciation

What can we do with Internet in the future?

Future Internet

Assignment

Write a passage of comparison with no less than 120 words.

Topic:

TV: a Blessing or a Curse

Thanks for your attention