Multi-level Proximity Routing and its applications for Networking Tomer Tankel Dept. of Electrical...
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Transcript of Multi-level Proximity Routing and its applications for Networking Tomer Tankel Dept. of Electrical...
Multi-level Proximity Routing and
its applications for Networking
Tomer Tankel
Dept. of Electrical Eng. – Systems
Problem and Applications
Problems:Using Measurement for distance estimation Routing in fixed and Ad Hoc networksNavigation in Traffic NetworksApplications:Closest mirror selection
Given a set of servers, si 1≤i≤K, and a client, c, find a server sj, s.t., i 1≤i≤K d(sj,c)≤ αd(si,c)+β
Content Distribution in P2P networksReal-Time Vehicle Routing Server
Distance Estimation/Routing Issues
• Scalability– Complexity (Memory, CPU)– Measurement Approximated Input– Dissemination
• Need Accurate & Fast Query Algorithm!
Multi-level Proximity Routing (MPR)
• Limited routing scope (2-neighborhood)
• Neglect a node if its neighbors selected.
• Neglect longer paths between nodes.
Multi-level Proximity Routing
1
2
3
4
SiblingEdge
Each cluster head i which is not selected iteratively select neighbors j1,j2 …jk with maximum select score until
Here <1 is the aggregation factor. Increasing it yields more optimal but denser
MPR, with larger memory and run time complexities.
Select Stage
• l-level parents path types
where p1,2 are parents of child u1,2.
• Remove edge i→j if not shorter than
Interpolate Stage
MPR Experiments
Graph Nodes Arcs/ Edges
Basic MPR CPU*
Build sec Query ms
DIMES IP Delay
w16/08138721 602970
(directed)47.7 0.15
DIMACS
9’th Euro-Road
18010173 42188664
(directed)1681.3 0.42
Simulate Ad-Hoc
1281966 8554957
(undirected)688.1 1.9
DIMES IP Delay
0 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Basic-MPR AccuracyDIMES IP Delay week 31/2007
Relative Delay Error
CC
DF
Full ScanSpeedup Gap=8
Max 2.26(102.9ms)Median 0.029
Max 5.35(103.3ms)Median 0.048
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.410
-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
p-MPR Accuracy
DIMES IP Delay week 31/2007 p=0.7
Relative Delay Error
CC
DF
Full ScanSpeedup Gap=8
Max 0.307(7.08ms)
Max 1.18(31.9ms)
0 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Basic-MPR AccuracyDIMACS 9'th Europe Road Network
Relative Time Error
CC
DF
Full ScanSpeedup Gap=8
Max 7.16(25h:45m)Median 0.05Max 0.88(3h:20m)
Median 0.017
Euro-Road Network
Conclusion
• MPR is a scalable approach to– Routing– Location– Distance Estimation– Sensor and Ad Hoc networks– Multicast
• Multi-level for high complexity graph problems– Qos Routing– Embedding